Prevalence Rates Of Anxiety Disorders Research Articles

Psychiatric disorders and other health dimensions among Holocaust survivors 6 decades later

No previous community-based epidemiological study has explored psychiatric disorders among those who survived the Holocaust. To examine anxiety and depressive disorders, sleep disturbances, other health problems and use of services among individuals exposed and unexposed to the Holocaust. The relevant population samples were part of the Israel World Mental Health Survey. The interview schedule included the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and other health-related items. The Holocaust survivor group had higher lifetime (16.1%; OR = 6.8, 95% CI 1.9-24.2) and 12-month (6.9%; OR = 22.5, 95% CI 2.5-204.8) prevalence rates of anxiety disorders, and more current sleep disturbances (62.4%; OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.4-4.4) and emotional distress (P<0.001) than their counterparts, but did not have higher rates of depressive disorders or post-traumatic stress disorder. Early severe adversity was associated with psychopathological disorder long after the end of the Second World War, but not in all survivors. Age during the Holocaust did not modify the results.

Anxiety, Mood, and Substance Use Disorders in Parents of Children With Anxiety Disorders

Examined the prevalence of anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders in the parents of anxiety disordered (AD) children relative to children with no psychological disorder (NPD). The specificity of relationships between child and parent anxiety disorders was also investigated. Results revealed higher prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in parents of AD children relative to NPD children. Specific child-mother relationships were found between child separation anxiety and panic disorder and maternal panic disorder, as were child and maternal social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, and specific phobias. Findings are discussed with reference to theory, clinical implications, and future research needs.

Anxiety Disorders in Children with Williams Syndrome, Their Mothers, and Siblings: Implications for the Etiology of Anxiety Disorders

Event Abstract Back to Event Anxiety Disorders in Children with Williams Syndrome, Their Mothers, and Siblings: Implications for the Etiology of Anxiety Disorders O. Leyfer1*, J. W. Borden1 and C. B. Mervis1 1 University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States Purpose: Genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of anxiety disorders. Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic disorder caused by a deletion on chromosome 7q11.23 and associated with increased prevalence of anxiety disorders relative to the general population and many other genetic disorders associated with intellectual disability, can be used in the search for susceptibility genes for anxiety disorders. This study examines the prevalence of anxiety disorders in children with WS, their mothers, and their siblings as well as predictors of anxiety in these groups, in order to facilitate the use of WS in studies of the genetics of anxiety disorders. Method: The prevalence of anxiety disorders in a sample of 132 4 – 16 year-old children with WS, their mothers, and 84 siblings in the same age range was assessed using the ADISP, a structured diagnostic interview. Results: Prevalence of anxiety disorders was compared to the general population (Table 1,).The children with WS had a significantly higher prevalence of specific phobia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and separation anxiety in comparison to children in the general population. Their mothers had a significantly higher prevalence of GAD than women in the general population, but the prevalence rate for GAD in this group prior to the birth of the child with WS was comparable to that for women in the general population. The siblings had a significantly higher prevalence of specific phobia than children in the epidemiological study used for comparison, but the prevalence for siblings was similar to the rates reported in other studies of specific phobia in typically developing children. The odds of a child with WS having an anxiety disorder increased with the severity of maternal anxiety. Discussion: This is the first study to examine familial aggregation of anxiety disorders in individuals with WS. The elevated prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in children with WS suggest a connection between the deletion found in WS and anxiety disorders. Given the increased prevalence of anxiety disorders in children with WS, genetic studies examining possible links between particular gene(s) deleted in WS and anxiety are warranted. It would also be worthwhile to investigate relations between genes deleted in WS and genes previously implicated in anxiety disorders. Session 5 Conference: 12th International Professional Conference on Williams Syndrome, Garden Grove,CA, United States, 13 Jul - 14 Jul, 2008. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: SESSION 5: Anxiety and Other Psychiatric Problems Citation: Leyfer O, Borden JW and Mervis CB (2009). Anxiety Disorders in Children with Williams Syndrome, Their Mothers, and Siblings: Implications for the Etiology of Anxiety Disorders. Conference Abstract: 12th International Professional Conference on Williams Syndrome. doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.09.2009.07.015 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 30 Apr 2009; Published Online: 30 Apr 2009. * Correspondence: O. Leyfer, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, oleyfer@bu.edu Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers O. Leyfer J. W Borden C. B Mervis Google O. Leyfer J. W Borden C. B Mervis Google Scholar O. Leyfer J. W Borden C. B Mervis PubMed O. Leyfer J. W Borden C. B Mervis Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Epidemiological study on neurosis of internal medicine outpatient department in general hospital

Objective To investigate the prevalence status of neurosis among outpatients in internal medicine department of general hospital, and to find some characteristics of the neurosis. Methods 600 outpatients visiting the internal medicine department were investigated ,and they are from 3 general hospital in Dalian:seeond I-Iospital,Jinzhou hospital and second teaching hospital affiliated to Dalian medical university. 309 neurosis were selected with neurosis screening scale, and met the DSM-IV. Results Higher prevalence (57.43%) was found in neurosis of general hospital. The results showed that the prevalence rate of anxiety disorder is 68% within the neurosis, which included general anxiety (37.00%) and panic disorder (21.7%);and depression concomitant with panic disorder (9.6%), depression concomitant with general anxiety (14.2%), somatoform disorder (0.30%) ,other neurosis (26.8%) and serious depression (3.00%). No significantly differences were seen in age, education years, marital status among the groups of 309 neurosis. There were significant different suggested in sleeping time, times visited to doctors, cost to self disease, time length to treatment (P<0.01). Different results were also suggested in satisfaction to medicine (P=0.000). Other's different showed at taking in special exami-nation and pain-killer among the differ groups(P=0.000). Conclusion Neurosis is the serious problem in out-patient department of general hospital, and anxiety disorder is the most common one. Physicians should pay more attention on the anxiety disorder in outpatients and also need notice the other neurosis existing. Key words: General Hospital; Outpatients; Neurosis; Prevalence; Satisfaction

Prävalenz von Angst und Depression bei ambulanten Krebspatienten und deren Angehörigen

To assess prevalence rates of anxiety disorder and depression in patients and their spouses treated in a cancer outpatient clinic of a university hospital. Also the distress-thermometer (DT) was tested as a screening instrument for anxiety disorders and depression. 109 patients with different cancer types of different stages as well as their 109 spouses were assessed by questionnaires. In the patient sample anxiety levels were increased in 24.7% and in 20.2% for depression. In spouses anxiety levels were increased in 41.0% and in 21.6% for depression. Female spouses had higher anxiety levels than male spouses (p < 0.01); increased anxiety levels were found in 48% of the female spouses. In the patients sample the distress-thermometer has good values for sensitivity [0.93 (anxiety); 0.82 (depression)] and satisfying measures of specifity [0.68 (anxiety); 0.62 (depression)]. Female spouses of cancer patients are at increased risk for psychiatric morbidity, a fact that should be considered in future oncological care. The distress-thermometer is a simple, time saving and sensitive screening instrument to assess psychiatric morbidity in cancer patients, which can be recommended for clinical use.

Adolescent twins discordant for major depressive disorder: shared familial liability to externalizing and other internalizing disorders.

In adolescents, as in adults, there is often comorbidity between major depressive disorder (MDD) and many other disorders. In this study, the discordant twin method was used to investigate whether this comorbidity in adolescents may be due to a shared familial liability between MDD and other internalizing disorders, and between MDD and externalizing disorders. We examined prevalence rates of anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and childhood externalizing disorders in 624 seventeen-year-old same-sex monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. Overall prevalence of MDD in this sample was 12.9%. Twenty-seven twin pairs were concordant for MDD, 107 were discordant for MDD, and 490 were concordant for no MDD. Prevalence rates for disorders other than MDD were elevated in the depressed twins relative to the control twins from pairs concordant for no MDD. Prevalence rates were also elevated in the nondepressed co-twins of depressed twins. Twin concordance for disorders other than MDD was higher in twin pairs where at least one twin was depressed than in pairs where neither twin was depressed. These results support a shared familial liability between MDD and other internalizing disorders and between MDD and externalizing disorders in adolescents.

Psychosis in bipolar disorder: phenomenology and impact on morbidity and course of illness

Although psychosis is common in bipolar disorder, few studies have examined the prognostic significance of psychotic features. In addition, some studies suggest that the presence of mood-incongruent psychosis, in particular, is associated with poorer outcome compared with mood-congruent psychosis. We assesses the phenomenology and prevalence of mood-congruent and mood-incongruent psychotic symptoms in 352 patients with bipolar I disorder participating in the Stanley Foundation Bipolar Treatment Network. We compared the demographic and clinical features, and measures of psychosocial and vocational functioning in patients with and without a history of psychosis. The phenomenology of psychosis in this cohort of patients with bipolar disorder was similar to that reported in earlier studies and supported the lack of diagnostic specificity of any one type of psychotic symptom. There were no significant differences between patients with and without a history of psychosis on any demographic, psychosocial, vocational, or course of illness variables. Only family history of bipolar disorder was significantly more common in patients with nonpsychotic bipolar disorder compared to patients with a history of psychosis. Among bipolar patients with a history of psychosis, only the proportion of women and lifetime prevalence rates of anxiety disorders occurred significantly more in patients with mood-incongruent delusions. In this large cohort of outpatients with bipolar I disorder, neither a history of psychosis nor of mood-incongruent psychosis had prognostic significance at entry into the Network. The lack of observable prognostic impact may have been, in part, due to the relatively high morbidity and poor functional outcome of a substantial portion of the total cohort.

Psychometric properties of four anxiety measures in older adults

Despite relatively high prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in older adults, little attention has been paid to the establishment of psychometrically sound measures for this population. The current study addresses this issue by examining the psychometric properties of four self-report anxiety measures: the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Worry Scale (WS), Fear Questionnaire (FQ), and Padua Inventory (PI). Two older adult community subsamples were assessed, one with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD; n = 50) and the other with no anxiety complaints (Normal Controls: NC; n = 94). Descriptive data revealed that mean scores in the GAD sample were similar to those reported in studies of younger GAD patients. Mean scores in the NC sample, however, were lower than those reported in studies of younger control samples. Internal consistency for all measures generally was adequate in both the GAD and NC subsamples, although alpha coefficients for two of the FQ subscales were marginal. Test-retest reliability over a 2–4 week interval (assessed in a subgroup of NC subjects) was mixed, with some measures apparently assessing stable, trait-like dimensions of fear and anxiety, and others estimating more state-like clinical features. Intercorrelations among subscales for all four measures in both the GAD and NC groups generally were high and consistent with findings from prior research. Finally, some support for the convergent validity of the four anxiety measures was obtained, particularly in the NC sample. Results are discussed in terms of the utility of these instruments for future investigations of the psychopathology and treatment of anxiety disorders in the elderly.

Psychiatric Disorders in the Parents of Autistic Individuals

Eighty-one parents of 42 autistic probands and 34 parents of 18 Down syndrome probands were examined using a semistructured, investigator-based version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Lifetime Version to estimate the lifetime risk of psychiatric disorder. The lifetime prevalence rate of anxiety disorder was significantly greater in parents of autistic probands than in parents of Down syndrome probands. The lifetime prevalence rate of major depressive disorder, while not significantly different in cases and controls, may be high in the parents of autistic probands (27%) in comparison with populations rates.

The epidemiology of anxiety disorders: The epidemiologic catchment area (ECA) experience

According to the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study—one of the largest investigations of the prevalence of mental disorders ever conducted—anxiety disorders affect more than 7% of adults in the United States. Women, individuals under age 45, those who are separated or divorced, and those in low socioeconomic groups all have a higher rate of anxiety than individuals in other groups. This article will present prevalence rates of anxiety disorders based on data from the five ECA sites—New Haven, Conn; Baltimore, Md; St Louis, Mo; Durham, NC; and Los Angeles, Ca.