Prevalence Of Functional Dyspepsia Research Articles

Certain Dietary Habits Contribute to the Functional Dyspepsia in South China Rural Area

BackgroundFunctional dyspepsia (FD) refers to a group of upper gastrointestinal syndromes, subdivided into two types: postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS). The etiology of FD remains unclear; however, unhealthy dietary habit is one potential underlying cause. We aim to explore the association of poor dietary habits with FD and its subtypes.Material/MethodsA validated epidemiological questionnaire was designed to investigate dietary habits and gastrointestinal syndromes. Citizens in the Baotun community of Dongguan were invited to complete the study questionnaire. All participants were asked to undergo a physical examination and a blinded physician interview. The study was conducted from June 2015 to June 2016. FD was diagnosed using ROME III criteria. The association between investigated dietary habits and dyspeptic symptoms were explored.ResultsThere were 1,304 adult residents recruited for the study survey; 165 residents had existing organic dyspepsia (OD), 203 residents were diagnosed with FD, and the other 936 participants, who were without dyspeptic symptoms or functional gastrointestinal diseases, were regarded as the control group. Subtype diagnosis indicated 61 participants had EPS, 66 participants had PDS, and 76 participants had coexisting EPS and PDS. Unhealthy dietary habits were more prevalent in the FD group than in the control groups (75.86% versus 37.50%; p<0.001). FD was found to be associated with irregular mealtime, dining out, fatty food, sweet food, and coffee (p<0.05). The impact of each dietary factor varied with FD subtypes.ConclusionsCertain types of dietary habits were positively correlated with the prevalence of FD. FD subtypes showed relatively different associations with dietary factors.

Prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms and heartburn of adults in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

- Medical literature has shown dyspepsia and heartburn-related symptoms occur among 15% to 40% of the population. These symptoms can occur at any age and are more prevalent in women. - Investigate the prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms and heartburn among individuals over 18. - Individuals over 18 were randomly selected in public venues in Belo Horizonte/MG to participate. A standardized questionnaire that included questions related to social-demographic characteristics, eating habits, digestive symptoms, medical appointments, medications, exams, previous surgeries and comorbidities was applied. A questionnaire about functional dyspepsia diagnosis (Rome III) was also applied. - A total of 548 individuals were interviewed. Among these, 58.4% were women, 59.3% were white, 55.9% were single and the average age was 36 years. Within this group, 376 individuals (68.6%) declared to have some symptom and/or use medication to relieve dyspepsia symptoms, and for these patients were applied the Rome III questionnaire. Based on the diagnostic criteria for the questionnaire proposed by the Rome III consensus, the symptom of postprandial fullness was reported by 6.7% of the individuals, early satiety (3.5%) and epigastric pain (10.6%). The overlap of these symptoms was very frequent. The prevalence of functional dyspepsia was 10.6% (postprandial discomfort syndrome (8.2%) and epigastric pain syndrome (2.4%). Among all participants, 52.5% reported heartburn, and 11.1% presented this symptom at least once a week. The most used drug was omeprazole. - The prevalence of dyspeptic symptoms and heartburn among a Brazilian adult urban population is similar to those described in other countries.

Stress and sleep quality in doctors working on-call shifts are associated with functional gastrointestinal disorders.

AIMTo investigate the role of sleep quality and psychosocial problems as predictors of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in doctors that work 24 hour-on-call shifts.METHODSIn this cross-sectional observation study, using the Rome III Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), we analyzed 170 doctors with 24 hour-on-call shifts.RESULTSAmong the participants that had experienced a 24 hour-on-call shift within the last 6 mo, 48 (28.2%) had FGIDs. Overall prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia (FD) were 16.5% and 17.1%, respectively, with 5.3% exhibiting both. Sleep scores (PSQI) (8.79 ± 2.71 vs 7.30 ± 3.43, P = 0.008), the presence of serious psychosocial alarm (83.3% vs 56.6%, P = 0.004), and the proportion of doctors who experienced over two months of recent on-call work (81.2% vs 68.9%, P = 0.044) were significantly different between individuals with or without FGIDs. Multivariate analysis revealed that presenting serious psychosocial alarm was an independent risk factor for prevalence of FD (OR = 5.47, 95%CI: 1.06-28.15, P = 0.042) and poor sleep quality (PSQI ≥ 6) was a predictor of IBS (OR = 4.17, 95%CI: 1.92-19.02, P = 0.016).CONCLUSIONPhysicians should recognize the role of sleep impairment and psychological stress in the development of FGIDs and a comprehensive approach should be considered to manage patients with FGIDs.

Functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome in teenagers: Internet survey

Only a handful of studies have investigated children with functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) classified according to the Rome III criteria, and limited information is available on the lifestyle of affected patients. We conducted an Internet questionnaire survey of 2060 parents among the general public in Japan who lived with their children aged 10-15, who were screened for FD and IBS. The prevalence of FD and IBS was 2.8% and 6.1%, respectively, and 1.4% of the subjects met the criteria for both FD and IBS. The lifestyles of 155 subjects who met the criteria for FD, IBS, or both were compared with those of 1745 control subjects. In comparison with the controls, a significantly higher percentage of subjects with FD, IBS, or both thought that their sleep was insufficient, ate meals irregularly, were susceptible to stress and to dizziness on standing, had difficulty in getting out of bed or felt sluggish in the morning, had a tendency to faint when standing, and had migraine/chronic headache. Children with FD and IBS are susceptible to stress, have impaired sleep and eating habits, and have more frequent symptoms of comorbid orthostatic dysregulation and headache.

Postinfectious and sporadic functional gastrointestinal disorders have different prevalences and rates of overlap: results from a controlled cohort study 3 years after acute giardiasis.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common complication following gastroenteritis, and a high prevalence of postgiardiasis IBS has previously been reported. This study aims to investigate the prevalence, adjusted relative risk (RRadj), and overlap of different functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) according to Rome III criteria following infection with Giardia lamblia. All patients ≥18 years of age with verified giardiasis during an outbreak in 2004, and a control group matched by age and gender, were mailed a questionnaire 3 years later. The prevalence of functional dyspepsia (FD) was 25.9% in the exposed and 6.9% in the control group, RRadj: 3.9 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 3.1-4.8). The prevalence of IBS was 47.9% and 14.3%, respectively, with RRadj: 3.4 (95% CI: 3.0-3.8). Prevalence of other gastrointestinal symptoms ranged from 70.0% vs 39.7% for bloating (RRadj: 1.8) to 8.3% vs 2.9% for nausea (RRadj: 3.0) in the Giardia and the control group, respectively. Among individuals fulfilling criteria for IBS 44% in the exposed group and 29% in the control group also fulfilled criteria for FD. IBS subtypes based on Rome III criteria (stool consistency) showed poor agreement with subtypes based on frequency of bowel movements (Kappa-values: 0.17 and 0.27). There were high prevalences and RRs of IBS, FD and other gastrointestinal symptoms following acute giardiasis, and a high degree of overlap between the disorders. The agreement between different IBS subtype criteria varied, and there were also differences between the exposed and control group.

Mo1561 High Prevalence of Functional Dyspepsia According to Rome III Criteria in Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease

Mo1561 High Prevalence of Functional Dyspepsia According to Rome III Criteria in Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fat Liver Disease

Anethole restores delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric accommodation in rodents

Functional dyspepsia (FD), a functional gastrointestinal disorder, is characterized by persistent or recurrent postprandial upper abdominal discomfort and epigastric pain. The high prevalence of FD and associated healthcare costs suggests that treatment of this condition by methods other than prescribed medicines, such as natural products, could be beneficial. Delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric accommodation play important roles in the development of FD. Anethole (1-methoxy-4-((E)-propenyl)-benzene), a major component of essential fennel oil, has been used as a flavoring, in alcoholic beverage production and in pharmaceutical formulations for many years. In this study, we examined the effects of anethole on delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric accommodation in rodents. Oral administration of anethole improved clonidine-induced delayed gastric emptying but did not affect normal gastric emptying in mice. Fennel oil and Anchu-san (a Japanese herbal medicine containing anethole) also restored delayed gastric emptying. Furthermore, oral administration of anethole stimulated gastric accommodation in rats. These results suggest that anethole could be beneficial for the treatment of FD.

Meal frequency in relation to prevalence of functional dyspepsia among Iranian adults

ObjectiveLimited data are available linking diet-related practices to functional dyspepsia (FD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between meal frequency and prevalence of FD among a large sample of Iranian adults. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 4763 individuals from the general adult population in Isfahan were asked to report on how many main meals and snacks they consumed each day. Frequency of total meals was defined by summing up the frequency of main meals and snacks. Participants were grouped into four categories: less than three, three to five, six to seven, and eight or more meals daily. FD symptoms were assessed using a validated Persian version of the Rome III questionnaire, and FD was defined as bothersome postprandial fullness, early satiation, and/or epigastric pain or epigastric burning. ResultsCompared with individuals who had one main meal per day, those who consumed three main meals daily had a lower chance for early satiation (odds ratio [OR], 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21–0.90). Findings from the analysis on snack frequency revealed that, compared with those who never consumed snacks, individuals who consumed three to five snacks daily were 39% less likely to have FD (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.40–0.92), had 42% lower odds of postprandial fullness (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34–0.98), and were at 43% lower risk for epigastric pain (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.34–0.97). After adjustment for potential confounders, including diet-related behaviors, individuals who consumed six to seven total meals and snacks per day had lower odds of FD (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31–0.82) compared with those with who ate fewer than three meals and snacks daily. A similar inverse association was seen between meal and snack frequency and early satiation (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.16–0.63) and postprandial fullness (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.29–0.98). ConclusionResults from the present study demonstrated an inverse association between meal and snack frequency and prevalence of FD and its components. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

Epidemiology of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Japan and in the World.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), represented by functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), are a group of disorders that include variable combinations of chronic or recurrent gastrointestinal symptoms not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. FGIDs account for a significant percentage of patients seen in primary care settings with abdominal symptoms. Although the definition of FGIDs can easily affect the prevalence, the prevalences of dyspepsia/FD and IBS diagnosed by the Rome III criteria in the general population are 5.3–20.4% and 1.1–29.2%, respectively. Recent reports of FD and IBS defined by the Rome III criteria indicated a female predominance. Regarding the subtype prevalence of FD, postprandial distress syndrome was more prevalent than epigastric pain syndrome (5.6–13.9% vs 0.9–9.5%). The subtype prevalence of IBS is characterized by male predominance for IBS with diarrhea and female predominance for IBS with constipation. Factors affecting the development of FGIDs such as epidemiological factors including genetic and environmental factors, are important. Gene polymorphisms are involved in the development of FGIDs. The prevalence differs among races and geographic areas. Foods may affect the development of FGIDs, but the causal relationships between food and FGIDs are not conclusive. The symptoms often regress and appear in the course of these entities. Building a favorable patient-doctor relationship is effective for controlling symptoms of FGIDs. Physicians should explain that FGIDs are highly prevalent conditions, impair the patients’ quality of life even without evident underlying organic causes and are not life-threatening conditions to ensure patients’ understanding.

Medical treatment of functional dyspepsia

Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a condition in which upper abdominal symptoms, such as epigastralgia, postprandial discomfort, and bloating, occur in the absence of any organic or metabolic disease that could explain the symptoms. The prevalence of FD is increasing, presumably because of an increasingly stressful environment, as well as overlap with other motility disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux diseases and irritable bowel syndrome. Numerous studies have attempted to determine the pathophysiological mechanisms of FD and establish effective FD treatment, with little success. Several therapeutic options have been explored, including Helicobacter pylori eradication, proton pump inhibitors, prokinetic agents, anti-depressant and anxiolytic agents, and acotiamide, a recent emerging drug. Through the many trials evaluating the efficacy of drugs for FD treatment, we found that it is necessary to treat according to the symptoms of FD and to use a combination of therapeutic options. Additional well-designed, prospective studies are needed to confirm the management of FD.

Functional gastroduodenal disorders

Functional gastroduodenal disorders are chronic, heterogeneous conditions experienced by adults worldwide. The Rome III consensus recognizes four syndromes: functional dyspepsia, belching disorders, nausea and vomiting disorders and ruminating syndrome. Considerable advances have occurred in the field of functional gastroduodenal disorders. This review provides an overview of the definitions, epidemiology, clinical features, investigations and treatments of some of these disorders. Functional dyspepsia is divided into post-prandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS). The prevalence of functional dyspepsia is about 11–20% in the western world. Dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility and hypersensitivity are involved in the generation of symptoms in some patients. Several classes of drugs are used to treat patients with functional dyspepsia, and the increasing understanding of pathophysiology will greatly affect future treatment regimens. Belching disorders may have either a behavioural or a physiological background, and therefore behavioural and speech therapies show promise, but definitive studies are required. The effect of fundoplication and drugs, such as a selective gamma-aminobutyric acid agonist baclofen, on belching await confirmatory studies on their usefulness. Mechanisms of functional nausea and vomiting are poorly understood, and their treatment currently focuses on pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies, including antidepressants and psychological approaches.

Systematic review with meta-analysis: post-infectious functional dyspepsia.

The prevalence of functional dyspepsia (FD) following infectious gastroenteritis has not been systematically reviewed. To conduct a systematic review and calculate the summary odds ratio (OR) for the development of FD following infectious gastroenteritis, as compared to a control population. Published studies in PubMed, EmBASE, and Cochrane Database and abstracts from standard sources were screened for eligible studies. Data from studies meeting inclusion criteria were pooled for meta-analysis. Nineteen studies were eligible for inclusion. The mean prevalence of FD following acute gastroenteritis (AGE) was 9.55% (FD, n=909; AGE, n=9517) in adult populations. The summary OR for the development of post-infectious FD was 2.54 (95% CI=1.76-3.65) at more than 6months after AGE, as compared to the prevalence in controls within the same population. This is compared with the summary OR (3.51; 95% CI=2.05-6.00) for the development of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the same population at more than 6months after AGE. There was significant statistical heterogeneity with an I(2) of 72.8% for the summary OR of post-infectious FD. Several pathogens, including Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157, Campylobacter jejuni, Giardia lamblia and Norovirus have been shown to be associated with post-infectious FD symptoms. Infectious gastroenteritis is associated with an increased risk for subsequent dyspepsia as well as for irritable bowel syndrome. Post-infectious FD and post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome may represent different aspects of the same pathophysiology. Further studies will be needed to determine this.

Sa1341 Prevalence of Functional Dyspepsia in a Tertiary Digestive Motility Center: A Strong Positive Association With GERD and IBS

Sa1341 Prevalence of Functional Dyspepsia in a Tertiary Digestive Motility Center: A Strong Positive Association With GERD and IBS

The Influence of Cultural Habits on the Changing Pattern of Functional Dyspepsia

Dyspepsia is a common gastroenterological problem with an estimated global prevalence between 7 and 40%. Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a major economic burden to patients and healthcare systems and significantly affects patient quality of life. The ROME III definition of FD divides it into two subgroups, epigastric pain syndrome and postprandial distress syndrome, the former being more associated with reflux disease and the latter with gastric dysmotility. The global incidence and prevalence of FD continues to rise, but the reason for this is not clear. Rising global obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease rates may be contributing to the rise in FD. Socioeconomic and cultural demographic changes such as changing dietary habits and rapid urbanization, particularly in the developing countries, are likely to be influencing the course of FD and the way it presents.

G protein β3 subunit polymorphism and long-term prognosis of functional dyspepsia.

Background/AimsA link between G protein β3 (GNB3) polymorphism and functional dyspepsia (FD) has been suggested. The aim of this study was to determine the role of GNB3 polymorphism in the long-term prognosis of FD in Koreans.MethodsFD patients and normal healthy controls were recruited from patients who visited our center between December 2006 and June 2007. All of the subjects completed Rome III questionnaires before undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy. Genomic DNA was extracted for GNB3 genotyping. After 5 years, the subjects were reevaluated using the same questionnaires.ResultsGNB3 825T carrier status was significantly related to FD in Koreans (p=0.04). After 5 years, 61.0% of the initial FD patients and 12.2% of the initial normal subjects were diagnosed with FD (odds ratio [OR], 11.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.3 to 31.1; p<0.001). Regardless of the GNB3 genotype (p=0.798), female sex was strongly correlated with FD after 5 years (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.2 to 9.1; p=0.017).ConclusionsThe T allele of GNB3 is linked to FD in Koreans but does not predict long-term prognosis. Female sex is related to a higher prevalence of FD after 5 years.

Role of in Functional Dyspepsia: More Controversies Than Answers

TO THE EDITOR: We read the recent article by Kim et al1 with great interest. This study adds to a body of literatures supporting the hypothesis that eradication of Helicobacter pylori leads to improvement in symptoms of functional dyspepsia (FD), at least in the context of Asia. The authors further suggest that inflammation mediates FD, a conclusion that sparks more controversies than answers. The Western data have been less convincing in this regard when compared to the data from Asia, mainly from China, Korea, Japan and Singapore.2 A recent report from India, with a robust study design and sample size, did not find eradication of H. pylori as being useful in resolving symptoms of FD despite the healing of gastritis.3 Our experience in the ethnic Malays, known to have an extremely low prevalence of H. pylori infection did not suggest a less common prevalence of FD.4,5 At this juncture, available data suggest a wide divide in the role and mechanism of H. pylori in FD. The results of this study suffer from a number of limitations most of which had been mentioned in their paper. The low sample size, the non-randomized not double-blind design and non-masking of results of H. pylori eradication have considerable influence on eventual study outcome. Multivariable analysis is not suitable in the face of low sample size and multiple variables, which explain the wide confidence intervals. In addition, the measures for outcome assessment used in this study may not be sensitive enough.6 Regardless of the above limitations, this study does give a hint that the Rome III criteria for FD is not ideal for the Asian population at least in the presence of H. pylori.7 And that the role of H. pylori in FD is more complex than what available data can explain in particular with regards to the gut-brain axis, an assessment that should be considered in future studies.8

Mo1872 The Prevalence of Functional Dyspepsia and Its Association With Other Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in a Tertiary Care Center

Mo1872 The Prevalence of Functional Dyspepsia and Its Association With Other Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in a Tertiary Care Center

A School-Based Study with Rome III Criteria on the Prevalence of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Chinese College and University Students

BackgroundFunctional gastrointestinal disorders, including functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation are very common worldwide.ObjectiveThis research aims to estimate the prevalence and associated factors involved in functional gastrointestinal disorders in Chinese college and university students using the Rome III criteria.MethodsA total of 5000 students from Shandong University in China were asked in January-May 2012 to complete questionnaires, including the Rome III questionnaire, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and negative life events scale.ResultsBased on the 4638 students who completed the questionnaire, the prevalence of functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation in college and university students of North China worked out to be 9.25%, 8.34% and 5.45% respectively. They were more frequent in female students. The factors of anxiety (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.16, P = 0.002<0.05) and depression (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.15 to 1.05, P = 0.045<0.05) indicated a high risk of causing irritable bowel syndrome.ConclusionFunctional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation were common in college and university students of North China. Psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression provide significant risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome patients.

The Incidence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children Using the Rome III Criteria and the Effect of Trimebutine Treatment

Background/AimsIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders and when compared to the vast knowledge pertaining to adults with IBS, very little is known about IBS in children and adolescents. We aimed to explore the prevalence of IBS, identify symptoms and contributing factors and also to examine the efficacy of trimebutine maleate in children and adolescents.MethodsThe study involved 345 children and adolescents (4-18 years) and parents were requested to fill in a questionnaire, Rome III criteria was used to diagnose IBS. To exclude organic disease, all patients underwent medical investigations. Half of the randomly selected IBS patients were treated with trimebutine maleate while the rest of IBS patients were not. The IBS patients were reevaluated at the end of 3 weeks.ResultsThe prevalence of IBS according to Rome III criteria in children and adolescents was 22.6% and IBS with constipation was the predominant subtype. Back pain (OR, 6.68), headache (OR, 4.72) and chronic fatigue (OR, 3.74) were significantly higher in IBS group. The prevalence of IBS in both parents and depression in mothers was greater for the patient group than the healthy controls (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of functional dyspepsia in IBS group was 80.8% and was significantly higher than control group. Clinical recovery was seen in 94.9% of the trimebutine maleate group versus spontaneous recovery in 20.5% of the non-medicated group. The difference was significant (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsIBS is a common disorder in children and adolescents. IBS is closely associated with somatic and familial factors. Trimebutine maleate is effective for pediatric IBS patients.

Impact of Shiftwork on Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Dyspepsia

Disturbances in biological rhythms could lead to unfavorable health impact. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in rotating shift workers, and to determine the factors that have significant association with the prevalence of FD and IBS. The research had been carried out among nurses and nursing assistants working at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital between December 2010 and February 2011. The subjects completed self-reported questionnaires, including the quality of the sleep and the level of stress. The prevalence of FD and IBS defined by ROME III criteria, and factors associated the disorders in rotating shift workers were compared with those of day workers. A total of 207 subjects were included in the study with 147 rotating shift workers (71.0%), and 60 (29.0%) day workers. The prevalence of IBS in rotating shift workers was higher than that in day workers (32.7% vs 16.7%, P = 0.026). However, no significant difference in the prevalence of FD was observed between the two groups (19.7% vs 20.0%, P = 0.964). In the multivariate analysis, the risk factors for IBS were rotating shift work (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.01-5.47) and poor sleep quality (OR, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.82-9.40), and the risk factors for FD were poor sleep quality (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.01-5.28), and severe stress (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.06-4.76). A higher prevalence of IBS among rotating shift workers could be directly associated with the circadian rhythm disturbance. The circadian rhythm disturbance may be related with the pathogenesis of IBS.