Presentation Tier Research Articles

Architecture of a mobile transport route selection system by a team of volunteers in the conditions of the military state

The work is devoted to the issue of designing the architecture of a mobile system for choosing the route of cargo transportation and passenger transportation by a team of volunteers under martial law. The system provides support to the decision-maker -the coordinator of the volunteer team in conditions of information uncertainty and dynamic changes in the external environment. The system allows you to receive and take into account operational information about the state of the route segments, which is provided by experts in the role of volunteers.The architecture of the mobile system for the volunteer team in the conditions of dynamic changes is client-server. The client sends data entered by volunteer experts to the server using a mobile phone or Internet connection. The volunteer team coordinator's mobile device is the server of the volunteer team's mobile decision support system. The server has a three-tier architecture: the presentation tier, the application logic tier, and the data tier. At the program logic level, a decision-making subsystem based on the multi-criteria modified Smart method is implemented. As a backup, data from the database on the volunteer team coordinator's device is uploaded to the database located on a remote web server.Based on the developed architecture, a mobile system for building a recommended route for a team of volunteers was developed in Java in Android Studio. As an application of the developed mobile system, a practical example of determining the best of five existing cargo transportation routes is considered

Predicting the incidence and severity of wheat aphids and development of a web-enabled forewarning system in India

Aim: Forecasting the incidence and severity of aphids, the major insect pest of wheat, is expected to significantly help in their management. In the present study, a set of weather-based models were developed to predict the timing and severity of Rhopalosiphum maidis infestation at Ludhiana falling under the North Western Plain Zone and R. padi at Niphad in the Peninsular Zone of India. Methodology: The weather indices-based regression models for two locations, Ludhiana and Niphad, were developed using the aphid population and weather data gathered over eight years (2006–14), and the models' predictive accuracy was successfully tested over four additional years (2014-18). The developed statistical models were transformed into three-tier architecture, web-based system, i.e. Presentation, application and data tier for dissemination of information. Results: The developed models can predict the crop’s age - when aphids first colonize the plants, when the aphid population attains the peak and the information about the peak intensity of the aphid population. For predicting the crop’s age at which population peaked at Ludhiana, the weighted interaction of the relative humidity (RH) in the evening and the number of hours of sunshine (NHS) along with the weighted interaction of minimum temperature and RH (morning) were important parameters while, at Niphad, the weighted NHS and the interaction of RH (morning and evening) were important. Likewise, for predicting the maximum aphid population at Ludhiana, the weighted interaction of minimum temperature and RH (morning) were important, while at Niphad, the key parameters were the weighted interaction of RH (evening) with the NHS. Interpretation: A prototype system developed to forecast the location-specific (Ludhiana and Niphad) infestation of wheat crops by aphids is expected to facilitate aphid management through an accurate forewarning at the locations.

Realization of Presentation layer information of Legacy Java Enterprise Applications Through Design Pattern’s Recovery

The presentation layer is the outermost layer of an application that provides user interface and communication services. This layer is responsible for session management, controlling client access, and validations within data from the client .In legacy enterprise applications like Java Enterprise Edition Platform (Java EE),the design considerations of the presentation layer are spread over different design patterns and cross-language constructs. Resultantly, the analysis of such applications becomes quite challenging due to their heterogeneity, essentially required for the extraction of design-level information and further modernization. In this research ,a flexible technique is presented to extract presentation tier information based on customizable feature types by recovering instances of presentation tier patterns of the Java Enterprise Edition Platform. The proposed approach is evaluated on well-operative open-source Enterprise Applications. The validation results demonstrate the extraction of presentation tier information through Design Pattern’s recovery.This prototype is validated on the repository of source code of Java applications as well on open source java applications.

Development of “Biosearch System” for biobank management and storage of disease associated genetic information

ObjectiveDatabases and softwares are important to manage modern high-throughput laboratories and store clinical and genomic information for quality assurance. Commercial softwares are expensive with proprietary code issue while academic versions have adaptation issue. Our aim was to develop an adaptable in-house software that can stores specimen and disease-associated genetic information in biobank to facilitate translational research. MethodsPrototype was designed as per the research requirements and computational tools were used to develop software under three tiers; Visual Basic and ASP.net for presentation tier, SQL server for data tier, and Ajax and JavaScript for business tier. We retrieved specimens from biobank using this software and performed microarray based transcriptomic analysis to detect differentialy expressed genes (DEGs) with FC ±2 and P-value <0.05 in triple negative breast cancer cases. Ingenuity pathway analysis tool was used to predict canonical molecular pathways associated with disease. Overall performance and utility of software was evaluated by JMeter software, CRUD function test and set of feedback questioners. ResultsWe developed “Biosearch System”, a web-based software enabling management of biobank samples (tissue, blood, FTTP slides) and their extracts (DNA, RNA and proteins) with clinical and experimental details. The client satisfaction feedback was excellent with score 4.7/5. We identified a total of 1181 DEGs including both upregulated (IFI6, LEF1, FANCI, CASC5, PLXNA3 etc.) and down-regulated (ADH1B, LYVE1, ADH1C, ADH1B, ADIPOQ, PLIN1, LYVE1 etc.) genes in triple negative breast cancer. Pathway analysis of DEGs revealed significant activation of interferon signaling (z-score 2.646) and kinetochore metaphase signaling pathway (z-score 2.138) in cancer. ConclusionBiosearch System is a user friendly LIMS for collection, storage and retrieval of specimen and clinical information. It is secure, efficient, and very convenient in sample tracking and data analysis. We illustrated its utility in transcriptomic study of breast cancer. Additionally, it can facilitate and speed up any genomic study and translational research publications.

A technological framework for data-driven IoT systems: Application on landslide monitoring

The emergence of the paradigm of the Internet of Things has underpinned the development of data-driven cyber–physicalsystems that collect and process data that is dense both in space and time. The application areas of such data-driven IoT systems are numerous and their socio-economic impact of great importance as they enable the monitoring and management of processes in sectors ranging from urban management to management of the natural environment. In this work, we introduce and detail an end-to-end technological framework for data-driven IoT systems for landslide monitoring. The framework is articulated in three tiers — namely data acquisition, data curation and data presentation For each tier we present and detail its design and development aspects; from the IoT hardware design and the wireless communication technologies of choice, to how Big Data infrastructure and Machine Learning components can be combined to support a sophisticated presentation tier that delivers the true added value of a system to its final users. The framework is validated, extended and fine-tuned by means of two pilots at locations experiencing the impact of different landslide types and activity. This work qualitatively improves upon existing methods of landslide monitoring and showcases how data-driven IoT systems can pave new pathways for interdisciplinary research as well as generate positive impact on modern societies.

Some issues in blockchain for accounting and the supply chain, with an application of distributed databases to virtual organizations

SummaryThis paper reviews some recent blockchain‐based applications for information capture, distribution and preservation. As part of that review, this paper examines two key concerns with current blockchain designs for accounting and supply chain transactions: data independence and multiple semantic models for the same information distribution problem. Blockchain applications typically integrate database, application and presentation tiers all in the same ledger. This results in a general inability to query information in the ledger and other concerns. Further, since most applications appear to be private blockchain applications, there is a concern of agents needing to accommodate multiple blockchains depending on who their trading partners are and what they request. Finally, this paper uses a distributed database to design a ‘blockchain‐like’ system for virtual organizations.

Enterprise WAE: A Lightweight UML Extension for the Characterization of the Presentation Tier of Enterprise Applications with MDD-Based Mockup Generation

Nowadays, the Unified Modeling Language (UML) is the most successful notation for the design of object-oriented applications. However, plain UML is not enough to characterize the web presentation tier of enterprise applications, including the navigational, structural and role-based access control (RBAC) features present in these applications. In this paper, we present Enterprise Web Application Extension (E-WAE), a lightweight UML extension for the modeling of these elements, which permits the inclusion of multitier, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) and security design-level patterns in the models. Our approach follows a Model-Driven Development (MDD) approach, which enables the automatic generation of intermediate platform-specific models and automatic code generation for JavaServer Faces (JSF) and Active Server Pages.NET Model-View-Controller (ASP.NET MVC) frameworks. In addition, this generated code can be used as a low-cost mockup for early client validation of the navigational, structural and RBAC features of enterprise applications. E-WAE has been used with different applications. In this paper, we refer to the checkout process in the Amazon website, the delete resources use case in OdAJ2EE, an educational application developed by us, and the US Library of Congress Online Catalog search facility as examples of its applicability.

System Design of Mobile Augmented Book

Mobile technologies play an increasingly important role in education. Devices such as smart phones and tablets are becoming powerful tools in the hands for e-Learning, m-Learning and ubiquitous learning. In this paper, the authors propose analysis and design software architecture of a mobile augmented book for in-class and out-class learning. The aim is to improve the quality and usefulness of mobile learning by utilizing a physical book and a mobile device. Requirements, roles, and system architecture are discussed in terms of adaptive learning. The system architecture is based on a three-tier model; presentation tier, application logic tier and data tier. The application logic tier is comprised of four main components including 1) Profile/Registration, 2) Content/ Administration, 3) Communication 4) Quiz and 5) Report. The data tier consists of 1) Cloud Service, 2) Media Server and 3) Database. The presentation tier is designed to support all mobile devices--smart phones and tablets and all popular platforms including Android, iOS, Windows phone, Tizen, Ubuntu, Firefox and BlackBerry. JSON and Streaming media are used for the communications between the presentation tier (client devices) and the application logic tier. The data tier consists of 1) repository using cloud service and media server for storing and retrieving digital contents and 2) database for credentials, content descriptions and meta-data.

부하테스트를 이용한 금융 시스템의 성능개선 사례

In this paper, we describe a case study to improve performance through the load testing of multi-tired system for financial accounts before the system opening. The load test was conducted after the data collection tools(Performance Monitor, DB PSSDiag) were installed. By analyzing the collected log, we were able to identify the main sector requiring performance improvements among the presentation tier, web tier, business logic tier and data tier. The ASP.NET server-down on the web tier could be improved by modifying the parameter values in the configuration file. Some server downs occurred on the business logic tier when a large number of users access at the same time, were more difficult to be solved. By analyzing the hang-dump at the server-down time, we were able to find a process that caused the problem. and we had to modify the relevant codes. For major performance improvements of the data-tier, indices of some queries was optimized by using the built-in DBMS query analyzer, after analyzing the log of long-response-time queries. The problems and solutions considered in this case study will be a reference for the performance improvement of a multi-layer system with the similar structure.

A Three-Tier Salary Management System for Higher Vocational Colleges

In this paper, we design and implement a three-tier salary management system for higher vocational colleges. At the beginning, we conduct an overview of the entire present situation of the salary management mechanism for the higher vocational colleges, and propose to improve the financial work efficiency of the higher vocational colleges by using ASP.NET based information management system. Then, we analyze the primary system requirements and divide the system into four functional modules, which are the salary management module, the system management module, the login module, and the query as well as report module. Next, for the system design, we present details about the use case design, the data process design, the business process design, the database design, and the design of architecture as well as modules. Last, we implement the system based on a three-tier architecture, which are the user presentation tier, the business logic tier and the data access tier.

Leveraging declarative languages in web application development

Web Applications have become an omnipresent part of our daily lives. They are easy to use, but hard to develop. WYSIWYG editors, form builders, mashup editors, and markup authoring tools ease the development of Web Applications. However, more advanced Web Applications require servers-side programming, which is beyond the skills of end-user developers. In this paper, we discuss how declarative languages can simplify Web Application development and empower end-users as Web developers. We first identify nine end-user Web Application development levels ranging from simple visual customization to advanced three-tier programming. Then, we propose expanding the presentation tier to support all aspects of Web Application development. We introduce a unified XForms-based framework—called XFormsDB—that supports both client-side and server-side Web Application development. Furthermore, we make a language extension proposal—called XFormsRTC—for adding true real-time communication capabilities to XForms. We also present XFormsDB Integrated Development Environment (XIDE), which assists end-users in authoring highly interactive data-driven Web Applications. XIDE supports all Web Application development levels and, especially, promotes the transition from markup authoring and snippet programming to single and unified language programming.

A J2EE based Management Information System for Higher Vocational Colleges

Informatization has always been one core competency for effective daily management. Although there are various types of management information systems available, few of them could take into account ever changing management requirements of higher vocational colleges. In this paper, we develop a J2EE based management information system for higher vocational colleges. Firstly, we perform an overview of the entire background and situation of the management informatization for higher vocational colleges. Secondly, according to requirement analysis and use case analysis, we divide the system, which requires three roles, i.e., college administrator, enterprise and graduate, into four functional modules, i.e., user login module, college administrator module, graduate module and enterprise module. Thirdly, for architecture design, we adopt a J2EE four-tier architecture, which are user presentation tier, control treatment tier, business logic tier and data persistence tier. Then, we introduce five entities, which are user information table, enterprise information table, graduate information table, recruitment information table and dynamic news table, for the database design. Furthermore, we also illustrate how we implement the final system.

N-Tier 플랫폼 환경에서 인포그래픽을 기반으로 N-스크린 융합 표현 계층의 설계

IT의 환경은 컴퓨터와 인터넷을 물과 공기처럼 이용할 수 있고, 새로운 성장 동력이 될 수 있는 클라우드 컴퓨팅, 빅데이터 그리고 비즈니스 지능의 시대로 진화되고 있다. 그러나 다양한 상호작용과 인포그래픽 측면에서는 사용자의 요구가 점점 더 많아지고 있으며, 웹 브라우저가 제공하지 못하는 추가적인 기능의 필요성도 점점 많이 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 N-티어 플랫폼 환경에서 인포그래픽을 기반으로 N-스크린 융합 표현 계층의 설계를 제안하도록 한다. The environment of IT is, currently, on its developing process to the period of cloud computing, big data, and business intelligence which not only enable computer and internet to be utilized like the water or the air, but also be a new motivating force for its advance. In the respect of various interactions and Infographics, however, it is requiring more demands from its users, and additional functions which cannot be provided by the Web Browser. In this study, therefore, it will be suggested a design of N-screen convergence presentation tier by using infographics based on N-Tier platform.

NMMp: A Model-Driven UML Extension for the Description of Navigation Maps for Web Applications

With the advent of multitier and service-oriented architectures, the presentation tier is more detached from the rest of the web application than ever. Moreover, complex web applications can have thousands of linked web pages built using different technologies. As a result, the description of navigation maps has become more complex in recent years. This paper presents NMMp, a UML extension that: (i) provides an abstract vision of the navigation structure of the presentation tier of web applications, independently of architectural details or programming languages; (ii) can be automatically transformed into UML-WAE class diagrams, which can be easily integrated with the design of the other tiers of the web application; (iii) encourages the use of architectural and multitier design patterns; and (iv) has been developed according to OMG standards, thus facilitating its use with general purpose UML CASE tools in industry.

Design of the Resources and Environment Monitoring Website in Kashgar

Despite the development of the web geographical information system (web GIS), many useful spatial analysis functions are ignored in the system implementation. As Kashgar is rich in natural resources, it is of great significance to monitor the ample natural resource and environment situation in the region. Therefore, with multiple uses of spatial analysis, resources and environment monitoring website of Kashgar was built. Functions of water, vegetation, ice and snow extraction, task management, change assessment as well as thematic mapping and reports based on TM remote sensing images were implemented in the website. The design of the website was presented based on database management tier, the business logic tier and the top-level presentation tier. The vital operations of the website were introduced and the general performance was evaluated.

Penerapan Linq(Language Integrated Query) Untuk Implementasi Aplikasi Perpustakaan

LINQ is new technology to create even window or web application. This research focus on how to implemented LINQ at Library application. The application is compiled by following a three-layer architecture rule, which is known as 'three tier'. A 'Three tier' architecture is divided into three parts, they are data tier, business tier, and presentation tier. Data tier is data in the form of a database, business tier is data in the form of services which consists of different functions that consumes the data tier, and the last one is presentation tier which takes the form of applications interface that consumes business tier.The stored information will be consumed through a special class called business logic class that will handle various operations, such as insert, update, and delete the data book. LINQ is needed to create this business logic class that allows data access and aims to facilitate query to all types of data such as Object, XML, databases, etc. This LINQ enables a programming language which is used on the Microsoft NET framework has a native query capabilities towards the data. The LINQ statement is written using C#.net with Visual Studio 2010 and DevExprees 2012 with SQLServer database. The system design uses UML. The result is library application using LINQ framework. Kata Kunci : Library application, LINQ, LINQ to SQL, Web service, WCF, SOA, Prototype.

An annales school-based serious game creation framework for taiwanese indigenous cultural heritage

This study utilizes the characteristics of the Annales School, including their emphasis on total history and space and time integration, their focus on the economic world, and their use of structural analysis to develop a creation framework for a serious video game related to the cultural and life history of Taiwan's indigenous people. Game development comprised the tiers of data, logic, and presentation. During the data tier, we used taxonomy to extract the cultural components of Taiwan's Atayal tribe. During the logic tier, we employed an analysis of cultural characteristics and comparisons of historical education goals to confirm the game's framework and storytelling engine, selecting a construction management simulation game genre to present tribal life and economic operations. Finally, in the presentation tier, we converted cultural components into elements in the game's user interface. The game evaluation results showed that “Papakwaqa” (our serious game) had positive benefits for enhancing schoolchildren's learning motivation and performance regarding indigenous life and history. Our research verified that integrating the cross-disciplinary methods of anthropologists, history teachers, tribal elders, and game designers to establish instructional goals and design foci for game development and to create a cultural heritage serious game-creation framework warrants further study and effort.

XFormsDB

Most Web applications are based on a conventional three-tier architecture, in which the presentation, application logic, and data management are developed and maintained in separate tiers. The main disadvantage of this architecture is that it requires expertise in multiple programming languages, programming paradigms, and data models used in each tier. A single expert rarely masters all the technologies and concepts involved. In this paper, we introduce a tier-expanding architectural approach that unifies the client-side (presentation tier) and server-side (logic and data tiers) programming under a single model. We base our approach on a W3C-standardized client-side markup language, XForms, and its server-side extension proposed in this paper. We derive the extension requirements from the literature and use cases, and demonstrate their functionality on the example of a blog Web application. We also show how the extension can be implemented as part of a comprehensive Web application framework called XFormsDB . The XFormsDB framework is an extensible Web application framework built upon declarative W3C standards. It has four major advantages: (1) one programming language, (2) one data model, (3) based on W3C-standardized declarative markup, and (4) extensibility in all tiers. Our conclusion is that expanding the presentation tier to cover both application logic and data management functionality makes both the development and maintenance of small- and medium-sized Web applications easier.

GlycoPep Grader: A Web-Based Utility for Assigning the Composition ofN-Linked Glycopeptides

GlycoPep grader (GPG) is a freely available software tool designed to accelerate the process of accurately determining glycopeptide composition from tandem mass spectrometric data. GPG relies on the identification of unique dissociation patterns shown for high mannose, hybrid, and complex N-linked glycoprotein types, including patterns specific to those structures containing fucose or sialic acid residues. The novel GPG scoring algorithm scores potential candidate compositions of the same nominal mass against MS/MS data through evaluation of the Y(1) ion and other peptide-containing product ions, across multiple charge states, when applicable. In addition to evaluating the peptide portion of a given glycopeptide, the GPG algorithm predicts and scores product ions that result from unique neutral losses of terminal glycans. GPG has been applied to a variety of glycoproteins, including RNase B, asialofetuin, and transferrin, and the HIV envelope glycoprotein, CON-S gp140ΔCFI. The GPG software is implemented predominantly in PostgreSQL, with PHP as the presentation tier, and is publicly accessible online. Thus far, the algorithm has identified the correct compositional assignment from multiple candidate N-glycopeptides in all tests performed.

An interactive e-learning system for improving web programming skills

This paper introduces an interactive e-learning system that provides an integrated environment for web programming. The proposed system is web-based. It provides an online editor for writing, editing, updating, and executing programming code, so the learners can execute examples and practical exercises online. In addition, it provides auto complete and syntax highlighting in editing code, which could help learners to remember the syntax more easily. The proposed system provides communication and interactive tools including Chat-Room, E-Mail, and Discussion Board (Forum) among learners and instructors. Moreover, it provides the instructors with an online exam system. It monitors, collects and keeps information about learners' performance and activities. Therefore, instructors can use the recorded information to keep tracking of the learner's progress. The system is based on the common three-tier-architecture of web-based applications that is organized into presentation tier, logic tier, and data tier.