Present Research Articles

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic gastroplasty for treatment of obesity: An overview of comparative meta-analyses

BACKGROUND There is a scarcity of evidence and systematic reviews on endoscopic gastroplasty (EG) compared to other management options for the treatment of obesity. AIM To assess the published meta-analyses through a systematic review approach and provide further insight into the current status of available evidence through a critical appraisal. METHODS PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched from inception to November 2022. The meta-analyses that compared the efficacy and safety of EG to other interventions were considered for this overview. The outcomes of interest were total body weight loss (TBWL), excessive weight loss, and average weight loss along with occurrence of adverse effects. Methodological quality, heterogeneity, and limitations were also reviewed. RESULTS A total of six meta-analyses out of 364 records were considered for this review with a major contribution from the United States. Overall methodological quality of included studies were moderate to good. EG treatments were significantly better in terms of TBWL, excessive weight loss, and average weight loss. However, there was no significant difference between endoscopic transoral outlet reduction and full-thickness suturing plus argon plasma mucosal coagulation. Lack of comparative studies and randomized trials, lack of long-term follow-up, reporting bias, selection bias, lack of control groups, and considerable level of heterogeneity were the major limitations in the available evidence. CONCLUSION Though EG was significantly effective for treatment of obesity, there is limited comparative evidence on this topic. High-quality well-controlled evidence is required to strengthen the current evidence base on EG treatment for obesity.

Investigating the social factors shaping the relationship between child marriage and mental health in Zimbabwe: lessons learned from a cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT In Zimbabwe, one in three girls are married before 18, yet no studies focus explicitly on the relationship between child marriage and mental health. Many women who enter marriages early do not leave, suggesting consequences are likely to ripple across the life course. We conducted a small survey (n = 100) to inform an intervention development study, investigating the associations between common social factors linked to early and child marriage including age, number of children, education level, unwanted pregnancies, and main source of income, with their current mental health status. Girls and women who experienced child marriage (aged 15–50) completed the Shona Symptom Questionnaire (SSQ), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and demographic questions adapted from the Zimbabwean DHS. We implemented a series of novel psychosocial support practices to aid those who identified as high risk during the study. 68% of participants met the cut off for diagnosis of common mental disorders (CMD) based on the SSQ. Logistic regressions showed with an increase in age, survivors were 1.06 times more likely (p = 0.05, CI = 1.00, 1.13) to meet criteria for a CMD. Participants with previous unwanted pregnancies were 5 times more likely to meet criteria for CMDs (AOR = 5.33, p < 0.01, CI = 1.94, 14.63). We found family/partner income reduced the odds of depression by 84% (AOR = 0.16, p < 0.04, CI = 0.03, 0.90). Findings suggest the importance of building support systems into survey research with women married early, and significant associations between mental health and child marriage across age groups, signaling the need for longitudinal cohort studies to identify strategic points of intervention for those married as children.

Synthetic Data-Enhanced Classification of Prevalent Osteoporotic Fractures Using Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Based Geometric and Material Parameters.

Bone fracture risk assessment for osteoporotic patients is essential for implementing early countermeasures and preventing discomfort and hospitalization. Current methodologies, such as Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), provide a risk assessment over a 5- to 10-year period rather than evaluating the bone's current health status. The database was collected by Ajou University Medical Center from 2017 to 2021. It included 9,260 patients, aged 55 to 99, comprising 242 femur fracture (FX) cases and 9,018 non-fracture (NFX) cases. To model the association of the bone's current health status with prevalent FXs, three prediction algorithms-extreme gradient boosting (XGB), support vector machine, and multilayer perceptron-were trained using two-dimensional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (2D-DXA) analysis results and subsequently benchmarked. The XGB classifier, which proved most effective, was then further refined using synthetic data generated by the adaptive synthetic oversampler to balance the FX and NFX classes and enhance boundary sharpness for better classification accuracy. The XGB model trained on raw data demonstrated good prediction capabilities, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 and an F1 score of 0.71 on test cases. The inclusion of synthetic data improved classification accuracy in terms of both specificity and sensitivity, resulting in an AUC of 0.99 and an F1 score of 0.98. The proposed methodology demonstrates that current bone health can be assessed through post-processed results from 2D-DXA analysis. Moreover, it was also shown that synthetic data can help stabilize uneven databases by balancing majority and minority classes, thereby significantly improving classification performance.

Integrated management of metastatic spinal tumors: current status and future directions.

With improved cancer survivorship, the incidence of metastatic bone disease has risen, and metastatic spinal tumors (MSTs) have emerged as a common yet significant clinical challenge. These tumors may compromise the integrity of vertebral bodies leading to pathological fractures and neurological compromise from nerve root or spinal cord compression dramatically affecting the patient's quality of life. Despite the associated morbidity and mortality, optimal treatment strategies remain elusive. Here, in our review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the contemporary MST treatment strategies, encompassing surgical interventions, advanced radiotherapy modalities, and evolving systemic therapies including chemotherapeutic and immunotherapeutic approaches. We critically evaluate each modality's development trajectory, clinical efficacy, therapeutic advantages, and inherent limitations. Our analysis reveals a definitive shift toward precision-guided radiotherapy and minimally invasive surgical techniques that balance therapeutic efficacy with reduced morbidity. These findings underscore the necessity for multidisciplinary management and highlight promising avenues for therapeutic innovation. As treatment paradigms evolve, integration of these advanced modalities offers new hope for this vulnerable patient population facing a challenging oncological complication.

Current status and sustainable development of international smart tourism research: a literature review

ABSTRACT This study explores the domain of smart tourism, examining its conceptual definition, the distribution of existing research, and thematic developments. Based on data predominantly obtained from the Web of Science, it presents insights into the chronological evolution, geographical representation of authors and institutions, and key areas of scholarly focus. Major research themes include the integration of cultural heritage and technology, the development of smart hotels, and the application and improvement of tourism recommendation systems. The study also investigates destination management and addresses issues related to tourist privacy and security. Furthermore, the study proposes future research directions that promote smart tourism through multidisciplinary collaboration. It emphasises the convergence of intelligent tourism with sustainable development and environmentally friendly technologies. Attention is drawn to the need for more innovative, experience-oriented planning frameworks and deeper exploration of micro-level smart tourism management, particularly in areas such as corporate social responsibility and ecological tourism.

Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Antibacterial and Anticancer Applications of Gold Nanoparticles: Current Status and Future Prospects

Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Antibacterial and Anticancer Applications of Gold Nanoparticles: Current Status and Future Prospects

Innovative hydrogels in cutaneous wound healing: current status and future perspectives

Chronic wounds pose a substantial burden on healthcare systems, necessitating innovative tissue engineering strategies to enhance clinical outcomes. Hydrogels, both of natural and synthetic origin, have emerged as versatile biomaterials for wound management due to their structural adaptability, biocompatibility, and tunable physicochemical properties. Their hydrophilic nature enables efficient nutrient transport, waste removal, and cellular integration, while their malleability facilitates application to deep and irregular wounds, providing an optimal microenvironment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Extracellular matrix (ECM)- based hydrogels retain bioactive molecules that support cellular infiltration, immune modulation, and tissue remodelling, making them highly effective scaffolds for growth factor delivery and regenerative therapies. Additionally, their injectability and potential for in situ polymerization enable minimally invasive applications, allowing on-demand gelation at target sites. By modifying their mechanical properties through crosslinking, hydrogels can achieve enhanced structural stability, prolonged degradation control, and improved surgical handling, optimizing their functionality in dynamic wound environments. This review outlines current approaches to skin tissue engineering, examining the biomaterials employed in hydrogel design, their limitations, and their interactions with host tissues. Furthermore, it highlights the emerging potential of functionalized injectable hydrogels, particularly those engineered for controlled drug release, enhanced bioactivity, and patient-specific therapeutic applications. These hydrogels offer a transformative platform for advanced wound care and regenerative medicine.

Descriptions of three new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hainan Island, China

Three new species of the gekkonid lizard genus Hemiphyllodactylus are described from Hainan Island, China, based on morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses based the ND2 gene. This brings the total number of the known species from one to four, revealing the previously underestimated diversity of Hainan’s herpetofauna. The three new species, along with Hemiphyllodactylus typus, are placed into three different clades, suggesting multiple colonization events and independent evolutionary histories of the genus on Hainan Island. The known distribution of H. typus was further expanded in this study, and its current status on this island was examined, highlighting the cryptogenic nature of the species with unclear native and introduced ranges. These findings emphasize the need for detailed molecular studies using sensitive genetic markers and extensive geographical sampling to clarify its origins.

Hostel Security

Abstract: Hostel security is a growing concern for educational institutions, and traditional surveillance methods often fall short in ensuring quick responses to unauthorized access. This project proposes an innovative face detection system using Python that aims to solve this issue. The system employs OpenCV for real-time facial recognition and integrates Twilio for SMS notifications to alert the warden immediately if an unauthorized person enters the premises. It also triggers a sound alert to draw attention in case of a day scholar or unknown person being detected. The face detection process begins with capturing video input and processing each frame to detect faces. The system is connected to a pre-existing database of hostellers' facial data. If a detected face matches an entry in the database, the system classifies it as a resident and displays their details. If no match is found, the system classifies the person as an unauthorized guest, triggers an alarm, and sends an SMS notification via Twilio to the hostel warden. This system allows hostel management to streamline monitoring, eliminate the need for constant manual checks, and react promptly to unauthorized access. It also provides an added layer of security by storing each detected person’s details, including the time of entry and their identity. A simple and user-friendly interface shows the current status, including green (hosteller) or red (unauthorized person). The primary objective of this system is to enhance hostel security by automating reducing the human monitoring process, intervention, and providing real-time alerts for immediate action. The results indicate high accuracy in face detection, fast classification, and efficient response time in alerting authorities. Overall, this solution offers an effective and scalable approach to improving hostel security and ensuring a safer environment for all residents. Keywords: This project revolves around key concepts such as face detection, facial recognition, and real-time surveillance using Python and OpenCV. It incorporates the Twilio SMS API for instant alerts to wardens upon detecting unauthorized access. Other important keywords include automated alert system, video frame processing, hosteller database, intrusion detection, alarm triggering, and smart surveillance, all aimed at enhancing hostel security and ensuring campus safety with minimal human intervention.

Ganodermataceae—current status, research, and development in Lower Mekong Basin

The family Ganodermataceae encompasses several genera, including the widely studied Ganoderma, which is prominent in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties. Species within this family, particularly Ganoderma lucidum, have been valued for centuries in regions such as China, Korea, and Japan for enhancing vitality, longevity, and overall health. However, the taxonomy of Ganodermataceae remains complex, with ongoing debates about species identification and classification. Members of this family are globally distributed, with the Lower Mekong Basin—comprising Laos, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam—offering optimal conditions for their growth due to its warm, humid climate. In the Lower Mekong Basin, the species of Ganodermataceae are significant for their medicinal applications in treating conditions such as bronchitis, hepatitis, diabetes, and cancer. They also hold significant economic value, being used in products like teas, dietary supplements, and cosmetics. Ganoderma lucidum is particularly notable as a high-value market product in this region. Recent research has revealed a rich diversity of Ganodermataceae species in the region, highlighting their ecological roles, medicinal properties, and importance in plant pathology, particularly in addressing diseases in crops such as oil palm. These findings underscore the need for further research into the taxonomy, ecological functions, and potential applications of Ganodermataceae species. Advancing our understanding will support sustainable utilization, conservation efforts, and the maximization of their medicinal and commercial benefits.

The current situation and associated factors of the psychological capital of nurses’ second victims in China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe level of psychological capital of nurses’ second victims is critical to alleviate their negative experience after a safety incident. The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of psychological capital and associated factors of nurses after experiencing patient safety incidents.MethodsIn May 2024, an online survey was conducted on nurses from 2 tertiary hospitals and 2 secondary hospitals in Shanxi Province who had experienced patient safety incidents in the past year using the General Information Questionnaire, the Patient Safety Incident Characteristics Questionnaire, and the Nurses’ Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and finally 456 nurses filled out the questionnaire.ResultsA total of 423 valid questionnaires were collected, and the recovery rate of valid questionnaires was 92.76%. The total score of psychological capital of the nurses’ second victims was (89.13 ± 14.86), and the results of multiple linear regression showed that hospital level, department, the type of patient safety incident, the level of patient safety incident, and whether or not they were supported were independent associated factors of the psychological capital of the second victims (P < 0.05), which could explain 21.00% of the total variation.ConclusionThe psychological capital of the nurses’ second victims was at a medium level. At the hospital level, the focus should be on nurses in tertiary hospitals. At the department level, the focus should be on the nurses in the oncology department. From the level of patient safety incidents, we should focus on the nurses with high event level and drug administration errors, and provide timely intervention support after the incident, so as to improve the psychological capital level of the second victims.Clinical trial numberNot applicable.

The current state and influencing factors of negative social expectations among thyroid cancer patients: a single-center cross-sectional analysis

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status and influencing factors of negative social expectations in thyroid cancer patients, aiming to inform interventions that mitigate these expectations and foster positive psychological outcomes.MethodsFrom December 2022 to August 2023, we used convenience sampling to select 213 thyroid cancer patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria as research subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire, the Cancer patient Negative Social Expectation Scale, the simplified version of the psychological Resilience Scale, and the Cancer Loneliness Scale.ResultsThe median negative social expectation score among thyroid cancer patients was 10.00 (IQR: 6.00–17.50), with 31.0% of participants classified as having high negative social expectations. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in negative social expectation scores across subgroups stratified by age, personality type, marital status, disease type (e.g., papillary vs. non-papillary carcinoma), and Insurance Type (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated that the negative social expectation scores were inversely associated with psychological resilience (r =-0.426, p &amp;lt; 0.01) and positively correlated with the loneliness scores (r = 0.651, p &amp;lt; 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis further identified psychological resilience (β = −0.32, p = 0.003), loneliness (β = 0.51, p &amp;lt; 0.001), disease type (papillary carcinoma vs. others; β = 0.18, p = 0.012), and Insurance Type (β = 0.15, p = 0.023) as significant predictors of negative social expectations, collectively explaining 50.70% of the total variance (R2 = 0.519).ConclusionThe negative social expectations of thyroid cancer patients are at a moderate level. patients with urban resident health insurance, non-papillary carcinoma subtypes, lower psychological resilience scores, and higher loneliness scores exhibited significantly elevated negative social expectation scores. To address this, targeted psychosocial interventions should be implemented for this population. These interventions aim to reduce negative social expectations, facilitate social reintegration, improve quality of life, and alleviate the socioeconomic burden on both families and society.

Current status of developments in the field of respiratory syncytial virus vaccines

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of upper respiratory tract infections in children and the elderly. The only specific treatment approved for RSV is the monoclonal antibody Palivizumab for passive immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants. Sixty years after the virus was discovered, several safe RSV vaccine candidates have been licensed. This was facilitated by research to identify the structure of RSV, to study the basic functions of RSV components as well as the mechanisms of innate and acquired immune responses to infection. The negative result of a clinical trial of formalin-inactivated RSV vaccine in children, which resulted in the death of several vaccinated individuals, was taken into account. The aim of the study was to summarize data from studies of RSV vaccine candidates in laboratory animals and in clinical trials on different age groups. Articles for the analysis of preclinical and clinical trials of RSV vaccines were found, using the PubMed search engine with “respiratory syncytial virus and vaccine” as the keywords. The selection criteria were that original articles should contain information on preclinical and clinical studies, the latter including phase I–IV randomized controlled trials. From 1967 to the present year, 296 articles summarizing data from studies of RSV vaccine candidates and 1788 articles summarizing data from animal trials of vaccine candidates were found. The review summarizes data from preclinical studies of vaccine candidates and their developers, vaccine formulations, animal models on which the studies were conducted, as well as a brief description of the main findings. Data on clinical trials of vaccine candidates are presented, including target populations, clinical trial number and sources where the results of these trials were published.

Current Status of Inpatient Antibiotic Use At The National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Solutions

Antibiotics are a group of drugs that play an important role in health care. They are a decisive weapon in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria. However, this group of drugs is currently the most abused group of drugs. The irrational use of antibiotics leads to many serious consequences, especially the increase in the rate of antibiotic resistance. The increasingly serious level of drug resistance affects the effectiveness of treatment, poor prognosis, high risk of death, prolonged treatment time, increased treatment costs, affecting the health of patients and the community. Using quantitative research methods, based on the database of antibiotic consumption and the number of days of hospitalization of patients in clinical departments and the entire hospital in the period of 01/2022 - 12/2024 stored in the internal software of the Department of Pharmacy and the General Planning Department, National hospital of obstetrics and gynecology (NHOG). The results showed that the parameters have important contributions to pharmacology and clinical pharmacy in Vietnam and are of global significance.

Hair Transplantation: State of the Art.

Hair transplantation is a minimally invasive procedure for treating hair loss in men and women, based on the principle of donor dominance, where transplanted hair retains its genetic characteristics in new locations. It is primarily used for androgenetic alopecia but also can be used in end-stage cicatricial alopecia and as a corrective procedure post-trauma or surgery. This review provides an overview of the current status of hair transplant surgery in the last 5 years, as well as a guide for patient selection, technical considerations, instrumentation, and postoperative care. A review was conducted of the PubMed database between 2019 and 2024 and included 1,030 study abstracts. Follicular unit extraction and (linear strip) excision are both state of the art methods for hair transplantation. New devices have been developed for extraction and insertion of follicular units. Thoughtful hairline design and concurrent medical management have improved aesthetic results. Hair transplantation has experienced a surge in popularity due to advances in devices, techniques, and medical therapies to maintain hair density, leading to long-lasting, natural results and high patient satisfaction. Future directions include improvements in instrumentation, artificial intelligence, hair follicle cloning, and enhanced adjuvant medical management.

Resilience Building of Natural Gas Trade Network Security under Dual Carbon Targets: A Study on Risk Identification and Multidimensional Strategies

With the transition of global energy structure to low-carbonisation, natural gas, as a key transitional energy source, and the security and resilience of its trade network are crucial to ensure the stability of energy supply. Based on the background of the 14th Five-Year Plan, this paper analyses the current status of the resilience of the international natural gas trade network and the risks it faces in terms of geopolitics, supply and demand imbalance, and cybersecurity, discusses China's challenges in terms of natural gas resource endowment, dependence on LNG imports, and contingency reserve capacity, etc., and puts forward proposals on diversifying gas supply, strengthening cybersecurity technology, deepening international cooperation, and enhancing system resilience, deepen international cooperation, enhance system resilience and other countermeasure suggestions. The study aims to provide theoretical references for China to build a more risk-resistant natural gas trading system, and to help achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.

Model of Sports Tourism to Improve the Emotional Quotient of HuangHuai University Students

Background and Aim： In recent years, China has actively promoted the development of sports tourism through several policies. Due to their high acceptance of new things, pursuit of personalization, and good economic conditions, university students have become important participants in sports tourism. In the face of intensified social competition, modern high-quality talents need to combine professional knowledge and skills with a high emotional quotient. As a key factor, emotional quotient is crucial to the future success of university students. Therefore, participating in activities such as sports tourism not only satisfies the pursuit of a healthy and fashionable life of university students but also is an effective way to improve emotional quotient and enhance social competitiveness. This study aims: 1) to study the current status of sports tourism aimed at improving university students' emotional quotient. 2) To develop a sports tourism model for university students to enhance their emotional quotient.3) To evaluate the feasibility sports tourism model for university students and further improve the model. Methodology: This study utilized Research and development (R&amp;D) research methodology with a combination of quantitative and qualitative research, 400 student questionnaires and 290 teacher questionnaires were distributed to collect data for the quantitative study, and in the qualitative study, data were collected from previous studies, academic articles, including the purposive sampling method was used, and 8 students and leaders were selected to be interviewed as well as 8 teachers to be in a focus group discussion. Results: Through the questionnaire survey of students and teachers of HuangHuai University, interviews with students and leaders, and the focus group discussion of teachers on the current situation of sports tourism aspects to improve the emotional quotient of the study, to extract the common influencing factors, including 1. Motivation 2. Preference 3. Decision-Making Behavior 4. Consumption Behavior 5. Travel mode 6. Temporal and Spatial Choice 7. Influence Factors. These factors affect the development of the emotional quotient of university students, and good emotional management can enable them to better enjoy the travel experience while improving their overall level of physical and mental health. Conclusion: This study reveals the situation of sports tourism to improve the emotional quotient of students at HuangHuai University to improve emotional quotient in terms of emotional perception, self-emotional management, others' emotional management, and emotional use. An attempt was made to improve these competencies by proposing a model of sports tourism to ensure that university students are prepared for their future jobs.

Policy Guidelines for Improving Sports Tourism Resources in Zhumadian

Background and Aim：The global sports tourism market is experiencing rapid growth, with various regions implementing strategies to enhance the integration and promotion of sports tourism resources, attract more tourists, and stimulate local economies. Considering this market trend, Zhumadian City needs to formulate appropriate strategies and measures to ensure its competitiveness in this field. The purpose of this study is to develop policy guidelines for improving sports tourism resources in Zhumadian. The research objectives include 1) To study the current situation of sports tourism resources in Zhumadian;2) To develop the policy guidelines that can promote the development of sports tourism resources in Zhumadian ;3) To evaluate the feasibility and adaptability of the policy guidelines for improving sports tourism resources in Zhumadian. Methodology: This study adopts a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, utilizing descriptive statistical analysis, including 1) questionnaire survey method, a stratified sampling method was applied, surveys were conducted with 101 employees from tourist attractions, 217 residents near tourist sites, and 381 tourists; 2) Interview method, 10 sports tourism research experts and 10 tourism bureau staff conducted interviews to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the current status of sports tourism resources in Zhumadian city. Results: 24 specific policy guidelines for improving sports tourism resources were determined. These policy guidelines are adaptable, feasible, and necessary for improving sports tourism resources in Zhumadian. Conclusion: This study is of practical significance for promoting the development of sports tourism in Zhumadian, and it is hoped that it can provide theoretical support for the rapid development of sports tourism in Zhumadian, and at the same time provide valuable reference for the development of sports tourism in Henan Province and even the whole country.

Effects of Applying Multimedia into Learning Plan to Improve Table Tennis Serving and Receiving Skills of University Students

Background and Aim: As is known, table tennis is a popular sport that not only enhances physical fitness but also exercises one's cognitive reaction and other aspects. Moreover, table tennis has been a fundamental course in many universities nowadays in China and other countries. However, there is still a lack of systematic and comprehensive learning plans or teaching plans, especially for university students in the Chinese context. That will lead to a negative effect on students’ performance in table tennis skills. This study attained the objective of analyzing the magnitude of multimedia's influence on the learning effect of receiving and serving skills in table tennis among college students by establishing the hypothesis of profitability, which was analyzed and achieved by comparing the performance of 60 university students in the experimental group and the control group in an 8-week pre-test and post-test. Materials and Methods: Before the experiment, the researcher interviewed several experts to obtain the current status of table tennis teaching and learning, and refined the new learning program incorporating multimedia instruction based on the experts' recommendations. This study was Quasi-experimental research. The population was 240 students who had no training in base table tennis from the sports student club of Shenzhen University of Technology in the academic year 2023. Then, 60 college students were selected accidentally and divided into two groups by the matching method: control and experimental groups. Then, an 8-week experiment was conducted to compare the differences and effects of multimedia teaching with traditional teaching methods. The results were analyzed by an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA to figure out the effect of the application of multimedia in learning, serving, and receiving capabilities of table tennis via the values of t-test statistics. Results: There is a significant difference in the outcomes between the pre-test and post-test (t=0.159and-10.740, p&lt;.001*) concerning the serving and receiving abilities of table tennis, which demonstrated that the multimedia learning plan has a great effect on students’ performance in serving and receiving skills. Conclusion: The result of the experiment is that the hypothesis is valid, and the learning program using multimedia (post-test) has a greater positive impact on students' learning outcomes than the traditional learning program. Research outcomes will be capable to applied in other contexts with multimedia learning plans and promote the development of the physical education field.

Industry-Education Integration Policies in China's Vocational Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of Current Status and Development Trends

Background and Aim: Since the introduction of the industry-education integration concept in China’s vocational education policies in 2013, numerous policies have been issued to enhance collaboration between educational institutions and industries. This study aims to fill gaps in understanding how these policies are implemented by analyzing the tools used and the roles of various entities in shaping policy implementation. Materials and Methods: A total of 56 policy documents from the Beida Fabao database, issued since 2013, were analyzed using NVivo software for text coding. Policy instruments were categorized into authority-based, incentive-based, capacity-building, and others. The frequency and distribution of these tools were quantitatively assessed, along with the roles of different entities. Results: The analysis shows a steady increase in policy documents, primarily from educational and industrial departments. Capacity-building and incentive-based tools were most frequently used, while authority-based tools appeared in pivotal policies. These differences reflect diverse strategies employed by the entities involved. Conclusion: While significant progress has been made in policy formulation, challenges remain, such as coordination issues and unequal resource allocation. The study recommends more integrated strategies to enhance the alignment of education and industry, ensuring that the intended policy objectives are fully realized in practice.