Presence Of Ib Research Articles

The effects of biofilms on tumor progression in a 3D cancer-biofilm microfluidic model

Components within the tumor microenvironment, such as intratumoral bacteria (IB; within tumors), affect tumor progression. However, current experimental models have not explored the effects of extratumoral bacteria (EB; outside tumors) on cancer progression. Here, we developed a microfluidic platform to analyze the influence of bacterial distribution on bladder cancer progression under defined conditions, using uropathogenic Escherichia coli. This was achieved by establishing coating (CT) and colonizing (CL) models to simulate the different invasion and colonization modes of IB and EB in tumor tissues. We demonstrated that both EB and IB induced closer cell-cell contacts within the tumor cluster, but cancer cell viability was reduced only in the presence of IB. Interestingly, cancer stem cell counts increased significantly in the presence of EB. These outcomes were due to the formation of extracellular DNA-based biofilms by EB. Triple therapy of DNase (anti-biofilm agent), ciprofloxacin (antibiotic), and doxorubicin (anti-cancer drug) could effectively eradicate biofilms and tumors simultaneously. Our preclinical proof-of-concept provides insights on how bacteria can influence tumor progression and facilitate future research on anti-biofilm cancer management therapies.

Skin and Gut: Psoriasis and irritable bowel syndrome. Is there an association?

Aim: The frequent occurrence of psoriasis with gastrointestinal system diseases indicates that psoriasis may also be associated with IBS. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of irritable bowel syndrome in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Material and Methods: Study included 111 patients with psoriasis, and 214 healthy volunteers. The presence of IBS in the psoriasis and control groups was evaluated according to the Rome III diagnostic criteria (Recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort at least 3 days/month in the last 3 months associated with two or more of the following: Improvement with defecation, onset associated with a change in frequency of stool, onset associated with a change in form (appearance) of stool). The participants were also asked about the presence of findings supporting the diagnosis of IBS. The participants were asked about the frequency of defecation, and the stool type was evaluated according to the Bristol stool form scale Results: 41 (36.9%) patients in the psoriasis group and 27 (12,6%) controls were detected to have IBS( p< 0.001). Passage of mucus, abdominal distension, and straining were found more frequently in the psoriasis group than in the control group (p = 0.023, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). The mean defecation frequency per week was significantly higher in the psoriasis group than in the control group (p = 0.000). The mean value for the Bristol stool scale was 4.12 ± 1.13 for the psoriasis group and 3.72 ± 1.16 for the control group (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The increased frequency of IBS and the findings supporting the diagnosis of IBS in these patients suggest that they have a tendency to develop IBS. The indication of a higher frequency of IBS in patients with psoriatic arthritis is another important outcome of the present study.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is associated with irritable bowel syndrome and is independent of proton pump inhibitor usage.

BackgroundCurrent knowledge suggests that small intestinal overgrowth participates in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome. It is questionable if this association is modulated by intake of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).MethodsIn a prospective study, quantitative cultures of duodenal aspirates were performed for aerobic species in 897 consecutive patients undergoing upper GI tract endoscopy. SIBO was defined as equal to or more than 103 cfu/ml. The effect of PPI intake on the relationship between SIBO and IBS was the primary endpoint.ResultsAnalysis among patients without any history of PPI intake (n = 713) showed that odds ratio (OR) for IBS in the event of SIBO was 5.63 (3.73–8.51, p < 0.0001); this was 4.16 (1.91–9.06) when analysis was done among patients with history of PPI intake (n = 184, p: 0.498 between patients without and with PPI intake). Multiple logistic regression analysis found that factors independently associated with SIBO were age above or equal to 60 years (OR: 2.36), body mass index more than or equal to 22 kg/m2 (OR: 0.60), presence of IBS (OR: 6.29), type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.59) and gastritis (OR: 0.47).ConclusionsThe association between IBS and SIBO was completely independent from PPI intake. Although gastritis was protective against SIBO, results show that PPI intake cannot prime SIBO.

M1203 Concordance of Parent Versus Child Responses to a Questionnaire Assessing the Presence of IBS Related Pain-Stooling Relationships in Young Children

M1203 Concordance of Parent Versus Child Responses to a Questionnaire Assessing the Presence of IBS Related Pain-Stooling Relationships in Young Children

Grain-Growth Phenomena in ZnO-Based Ceramics

Grain growth in ZnO ceramics doped with 0.01 and 0.02 mol.% Bi2O3 and Sb2O3 in amounts appropriate for Sb2O3/Bi2O3 ratios of 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2, sintered at 1200oC for 2 and 10 hours, was investigated. Grain growth is promoted by a sufficient amount of the Bi2O3 liquid phase at the grain boundaries and also by the presence of IBs in the ZnO grains. While the doping of ZnO with such small amounts of Bi2O3 caused the exaggerated growth of some grains, the addition of Sb2O3 resulted, via the IBs-induced grain-growth mechanism, in uniform grain growth and the presence of IBs in most of the ZnO grains. The formation of the pyrochlore phase bounds the Bi2O3 and Sb2O3, which affects, depending on the Sb2O3/Bi2O3 ratio, the occurrence of the Bi2O3 liquid phase and also the amount of available Sb2O3 for the nucleation of IBs in the ZnO grains during the early stages of sintering. As a result, it influences the grain growth.

Binding and internalization of Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin in lipid rafts.

Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin is a binary toxin composed of an enzymatic component (Ia) and a binding component (Ib). The oligomer of Ib formed in membranes induces endocytosis. We examined the binding and internalization of Ib by using Cy3-labeled Ib. Labeled Ib was retained at the membranes of MDCK cells for 60 min of incubation at 37 degrees C, and later it was detected in cytoplasmic vesicles. To determine whether Ib associates with lipid rafts, we incubated MDCK cells with Ib at 4 or 37 degrees C and fractionated the Triton-insoluble membranes. An Ib complex of 500 kDa was localized at 37 degrees C to the insoluble fractions that fulfilled the criteria of lipid rafts, but it did not form at 4 degrees C. The amount of complex in the raft fraction reached a maximum after 60 min of incubation at 37 degrees C. When the cells that were preincubated with Ib at 4 degrees C were incubated at 37 degrees C, the complex was detected in the raft fraction. The treatment of MDCK cells with methyl-beta-cyclodextrin reduced the localization of the Ib complex to the rafts and the rounding of the cells induced by Ia plus Ib. When 125I-labeled Ia was incubated with the cells in the presence of Ib at 37 degrees C, it was localized in the raft fraction. Surface plasmon resonance analysis revealed that Ia binds to the oligomer of Ib. We conclude that Ib binds to a receptor in membranes and then moves to rafts and that Ia bound to the oligomer of Ib formed in the rafts is internalized.

Síndrome de intestino irritable en pacientes con síndrome dispéptico menores de 55 años

The presence of IBS was studied in 289 patients under 55 years of age with dyspeptic syndrome. The subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 (240 patients with DS) and group II (49 patients with DS and IBS). The mean duration of follow-up was 10.8 years (130 months). IBS was diagnosed in 49 patients (17%). Females accounted for 64% and 77% of groups I and II, respectively (p<0.05). There were no differences in mean age or the type ofFDS. The patients in group II consulted more often and earlier (92% returned for consultation, and took 27 months in doing so) than those in group 1(52% and 40 months)(p<0.05). The number of diagnostic tests requested was greater in group II. Psychiatric pathology was in turn more common in group II than in group 1(20% versus 7%)(p<0.05).

605 FETO-MATERNAL ABO INCOMPATIBILITY. A DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS TO PREDICT SERUM BILIRUBIN LEVELS IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD

Two series of newborn infants (432 white (W) and 99 Negro (N)) , collected at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1968 to 1971, were studied. Each series, which included only infants ABO incompatible-Rh compatible, was subdivided into 2 groups according to the maximum serum bilirubin level (SBL<10 mg/dl or > 10 mg/dl)recorded during the neonatal period. A discriminant analysis was performed in males (m) and females (f) separately on the following 8 variables: gestational age, birth weight, birth order, ABO maternal phenotype, type of feto-maternal ABO incompatibility, Coombs test, presence of IB (ABO) and Plfl (placental alkaline phosphatase) factors, dose of pli-plrare factors. The percent of correct classifications was 83% in Wf, 73% in Wm, 77% in Nf and 75% in Nm. By the present method of discrimination an early discharge of more than 50% of ABO incompatible infants with a very low risk of hyperbilirubinemia might be allowed. The analysis showed a remarkable influence of sex and race on the pattern of relationships between the SBL and the set of variables examined.(Supported by NATO Grant 554).