Presence Of Beans Research Articles

Experimental study on the combined influence of particle shape, density, and size on segregation behavior in binary and ternary granular mixtures

Segregation of granular materials is a common experience; however, a few studies consider the segregation of granular mixtures characterized by variations in particle shape. Additionally, many particle systems in industry and geophysics consist of nonspherical particles. In the present study, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate the influence of particle shape, density, and size on the dynamic characteristics and segregation behavior in binary and ternary granular mixtures. Our experimental findings demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between the final steady-state segregation intensity and the proportion of non-spherical beans and cube-shaped particles in a ternary granular mixture. Specifically, the presence of beans, which are larger than the other particles, in a binary and ternary granular mixture increased the size-induced segregation phenomenon. Conversely, the steady-state segregation intensity decreased as the proportion of cube particles, which were less dense but of the same volume as the other materials, increased in a ternary granular mixture, indicating a mitigation of density-induced segregation. The study also discusses the relationship among the dynamic angle of repose, dynamic properties, and segregation behavior arising from the effects of shape, size, and density in binary and ternary granular mixtures.

Mixed cropping system of maize and bean as a local source of N-substances for the nutrition of farm animals

In this study, we investigated the quality of mixed cropping system (MCS) composed of maize and bean in comparison with maize grown as monoculture. Experimental stands were established using the precision vacuum seeding machine during a single crossing of the plot. Inter-row distance was 0.375 m, and regularly alternating experimental crops were maize (Zea mays L.) and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Experimental variants included maize alone (M) in an amount of 80,000 seeds per hectare and maize (M-MCS) with bean (B-MCS) in a 1:1 ratio (80,000: 80,000 individuals) in MCS. Average yield of N-substances (t/ha) in the biomass obtained from individual variants was 2.36 t/ha in the pure maize culture and 3.09 t/ha in the mixed culture (by 30.9% more). The difference was statistically significant. On the other hand, differences in the content of N-substances (protein) were not found. Results of the experiment for the whole period from 2020–2022 also indicated that the presence of bean in the mixed crop statistically significantly increased contents of acid detergent fibre and crude fibre. On the other hand, compared with the biomass of maize monoculture, bean reduced contents of starch and lipids in the maize biomass. The measured results indicate that biomass from mixed cropping systems has a higher potential to fix more N than biomass from the maize monoculture which is important for digestibility of fodder in livestock production.

Impact of Bean Consumption on Nutritional Outcomes amongst Adolescents.

Brazilian adolescents have undergone a noteworthy nutritional epidemiological transition. There is an increase in the prevalence of overweight and high consumption of ultra-processed foods in parallel with patterns of traditional meals that include beans. This study analyzed associations between bean consumption in the diet of adolescents and nutrition outcomes. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant reduction in body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (%BF) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) values among those with bean consumption equal to or greater than five times a week. Adolescents who had lunch outside the home and those who did not have the habit of having lunch showed a significantly higher BMI. There was an increase in the %BF among married adolescents and those who did not have lunch. There was a reduction of LDL-c among those with intermediate per capita income and those who consumed processed juice less than 5 times a week, and an increase among those who did not have breakfast. There were significant interactions between sexual maturation, energy consumption, physical activity and energy consumption. Thus, in the context of this study, the presence of beans in the diet, at frequencies equal to or greater than five times a week, can be considered a proxy for healthy eating.

Serological and molecular detection of Bean leaf roll and Chickpea chlorotic stunt luteoviruses in chickpea from Iran

AbstractChickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) is an important legume crop and widely cultivated in northwestern provinces of Iran. During a survey in the 2015 growing season a total of 170 selected chickpea plants with general yellowing symptoms including stunting and leaf bronzing were collected. Serological Elisa and tissue blot immunoassay (TIBA) tests revealed the presence ofBean leaf roll virus(BLRV) andChickpea chlorotic stunt virus(CpCSV) as the predominant viruses in the region. Some serologically positive samples of BLRV and CpCSV were selected and rechecked by RT-PCR. The results of amplified PCR products using a specific pair of primers towards theCpgene region of the viruses were approximately 413 bp for CpCSV and 391 bp for BLRV. Results obtained from sequence comparison of BLRV (IR-F-Lor-5) isolate form two subgroups with eight other BLRV isolates from GeneBank indicating a high homology of 96% with isolates from Argentina, Germany, Tunisia, USA, Spain, and Colombia. An isolate from Norabad (Iran) (IR-Nor) had 98% homology with HQ840727 Libyan isolate. CpCSV sequence comparison with six other GeneBank isolates indicated 98% homology with isolates from Tunisia and Azerbaijan. The overall results of this research revealed the CpCSV and BLRV (luteoviruses) associated with the yellowing disease syndrome of chickpea crops in the surveyed region.

Effect of fertiactyl on the bean: Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna sp.

Mineral elements in general and particularly the nitrogenous nutrition are the factors that have an concrete influence on the vegetable production, the quality and the output. A test has been achieved on the culture of the Bean Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna sp. This test was conducted to show the influence that a symbiotic nitrogenous nutrition can have on bean evolution and development in a controlled environment (under greenhouse). In this case the apparition of nodosities on the roots of the plants reveals the presence of bean’s specific rhyzobium in soil. During this survey, we used a liquid fertilizer: Fertiactyl (5ml / l 2 times / week). This fertilizer acts like an anti-stress. The aim of this work is to make clear the effect of the fertiactyl on: -Growth and development of bean plants, Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna sp, -Apparition and the evolution of the nodulation. The experimental results, obtained in a controlled environment, shows that the fertiactyl presents a positive effect on nodulation and growth of the plants. The plants treated with fertiactyl present a better protein accumulation and the total contents of sugar. The results also show that the total nitrogen quantities are rather considerable.

EFFECT OF FERTIACTYL ON THE BEAN: PHASEOLUS VULGARIS AND VIGNA SP

Mineral elements in general and particularly the nitrogenous nutrition are the factors that have an concrete influence on the vegetable production, the quality and the output. A test has been achieved on the culture of the Bean Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna sp. This test was conducted to show the influence that a symbiotic nitrogenous nutrition can have on bean evolution and development in a controlled environment (under greenhouse). In this case the apparition of nodosities on the roots of the plants reveals the presence of bean’s specific rhyzobium in soil. During this survey, we used a liquid fertilizer: Fertiactyl (5ml / l 2 times / week). This fertilizer acts like an anti-stress. The aim of this work is to make clear the effect of the fertiactyl on: -Growth and development of bean plants, Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna sp, -Apparition and the evolution of the nodulation. The experimental results, obtained in a controlled environment, shows that the fertiactyl presents a positive effect on nodulation and growth of the plants. The plants treated with fertiactyl present a better protein accumulation and the total contents of sugar. The results also show that the total nitrogen quantities are rather considerable.

Multistrata Agroforestry with Beans, Bananas and Grevillea robusta in the Highlands of Burundi

Some agronomic, economic and ecological aspects of an agroforestry system combining Grevillea robusta trees, bananas (Musa spp.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were studied in the subhumid highlands of Burundi. Three densities of G. robusta, 208, 313 and 625 trees ha−1 were interplanted in plots of bananas, beans and a banana–bean mixture. When G. robusta was interplanted with bananas, the tree had a positive effect on banana yield with maximum yield occurring at 300 trees ha−1. In the presence of beans, banana yield was not influenced by the densities of the tree. Under low fertility regimes, the yields of beans interplanted with G. robusta were equal to or greater than those of the no-tree plots. Maximum bean yields were observed at between 283 and 295 trees ha−1, representing a 25–135% yield increase above the no-tree control. When soil fertility was raised by the application of fertilizers, bean yields declined with an increasing density of G. robusta. Three years after planting, the growth of G. robusta was not affected by tree density. Mean height and mean basal diameter were 7.1 m and 13.2 cm respectively. Below ground competition between beans on the one hand, and bananas or bananas and G. robusta on the other, was more important than competition for light. Compared with the crops alone treatments, cumulative net present values of tree plots improved from being negative in the first year to being positive in the third year. Net present value was highest in two of three instances when the density of G. robusta was 625 trees ha−1. A multistrata arrangement of bananas and beans with G. robusta is viable for the low input agriculture system of the highlands of Burundi.

THE EFFECTS OF INTERCROPPING KALE WITH BEANS ON YIELD AND SUPPRESSION OF REDROOT PIGWEED UNDER HIGH ALTITUDE CONDITIONS IN KENYA

Two studies were conducted in Kenya during 1993 and 1994 to determine the yield responses of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala D.C.) intercropped with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under different redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) densities. Redroot pigweed significantly reduced both kale and bean yields, the reduction being greater in 1993 than in 1994, and being greater for beans than for kale. Redroot pigweed growth was suppressed more by beans than by kale. Food output per unit area, measured by Land Equivalent Ratios, was increased by 22–115% by intercropping kale with beans and the increase was greater under weedy conditions (38–115%) than under weed-free conditions (22–74%). The presence of beans did not affect the leaf yield of kale. The presence of kale did not affect the seed yield of beans in 1994, but consistently reduced it by about 50% in 1993, though the difference was not significant.

The inactivation and regeneration of peroxidase in relation to the high temperature–short time processing of vegetables

SummaryAs a result of the high thermal stability of peroxidase and its association with quality deterioration in high temperature–short time processed foods it was decided to investigate some aspects of the kinetics of inactivation of two purified grades of horseradish peroxidase.The following main conclusions were drawn:(a) It was shown that regeneration of peroxidase activity took place after partial inactivation at either 70, 90 or 110°C and that the first order plots of regenerated activity were biphasic in each case. Both fast and slow rates of regeneration increased on increasing the holding temperature from 30 to 40°C but no regeneration at all was observed at a temperature of 50°C. It was found that holding for 24 hr at 50°C almost completely prevented regeneration of peroxidase activity on further cooling. The extent of regeneration was found to be governed by the length of time at the inactivation temperature and a maximum was found which coincided with the high rate period of inactivation.(b) The first order plots of peroxidase inactivation were biphasic. Although the different purities of peroxidase did not give significantly different D121.1°C and z values for the low rate of inactivation over the temperature range 70–160°C, the presence of either pea or green bean purée significantly reduced the D121.1°C and, in the case of pea purée, increased the z value. It was also shown that the proportion of relatively stable enzyme was much lower in the presence of bean purée than in the presence of pea purée at each temperature.