Group Investigation (GI) is an organizational approach that allows a class to work actively and collaboratively in small groups and enables students to take an active role in determining their own learning goals and processes. This study is aimed at investigating the implementation of GI to enhance the students’ writing ability. This study was conducted by using classroom action research that has two cycles within. The subject of the research was first grade students of English Department UNP Kediri. The instruments of collecting data were quantitative (writing test) and qualitative data (observation sheet, and field notes). Based on the writing test scores, the students’ score kept improving in every test. In the pre-liminary study, there were only 43% of the students who passed the minimum standard score. After giving treatment to the students using GI, 91% of the students passed the test in cycle 1 and 100% of the students passed the test in cycle 2. The students can be more active in group work, and they can follow the process of writing well-ordered by implementing the steps of GI. The result of the research showed that GI method could enhance students’ achievement in writing instruction text.

. The effective operation of the coagulation process in the water treatment plant (WTP) is essential in determining the overall performance of the subsequent process. The coagulant dose is critical in affecting coagulation performance. Due to the fluctuations in raw water quality and the infrequent use of jar tests, Teluk Buyung WTP improperly implemented the coagulant dose, which prompted this investigation. This study aimed to identify the optimum coagulant type and develop an optimization model based on the selected coagulant. The optimum coagulant type was determined in the pre-liminary study, with Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) selected as the coagulant that achieved turbidity removal up to 99.81% at a dose of 40 mg/L and a cost-effective production cost of 4.6 x 10-5 USD/liter. The optimization process was conducted by developing a coagulation process model using PAC as the selected coagulant, with critical factors affecting the process including pH, turbidity concentration, and coagulant dose. The coagulation process optimization was performed by using response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimal conditions of PAC in the desirability test resulted in turbidity removal of 99.94% with a PAC dose of 150 mg/L, pH of 7.14, and a residual of 0.04%. The optimization of the coagulation process yielded a quadratic model with R2 of 0.996, an R2 prediction of 0.983, and a significant lack of fit test (p = 0.28). The findings of this study can be further implemented to improve turbidity removal in the coagulation process at the Teluk Buyung WTP.

Background: Prescription errors (PE) in psychiatric hospitals can compromise treatment and patient safety. While well studied in general healthcare, evidence from psychiatric settings, particularly in Germany, remains scarce. Aim: This pre-liminary study investigates the prevalence, types, and severity of PE in a German psychiatric hospital over 12 months. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted at St. Josef AMEOS Psychiatric Hospital, Oberhausen, Germany (2023–2024). All 6,020 paper-based therapeutic plans were screened. From these, 150 cases of PE were identified for interim analysis. Errors were categorized using adapted EQUIP methodology and classified by severity (minor, major, serious, potentially fatal) and by drug group according to the British National Formulary (BNF). Results: Of the 150 cases, 93.3% were minor, 5.0% were major, and 1.7% were serious; no potentially fatal errors were observed. Writing errors were most common (38%). Errors most frequently involved musculoskeletal medications (BNF 10; 36.7%), followed by gastrointestinal (BNF 1; 18.7%) and CNS/psychotropics (BNF 4; 14.7%). Most errors occurred in inpatient settings and were primarily attributed to residents and consultants. Significant asso¬ciations were found between error type and drug class, and between error type and severity (p<0.05). Conclusion: These interim results suggest that PE in psychiatric hospitals are mostly minor, with somatic medications more often affected than psychotropics. Given the small interim sample (150 of 6,020 plans), findings should be interpreted cau¬tiously and considered hypothesis-generating. Larger, multi-center studies and evaluation of electronic prescribing systems are needed to confirm these patterns and guide interventions.

This preliminary study investigates the performance and cognitive loading of the two commercial wheelchair-mounted assistive robotic manipulators (ARMs) with their original user interfaces (UIs). This study of 20 able-bodied individuals evaluated the performance of two user interfaces, keypad and joystick, using six tasks on an activities of daily living (ADL) task board with environment-independent measures, self-reported cognitive loading and questionnaires. Participants performed tasks with two commercial arms with their original UIs in a randomized order of arm and the six tasks on the adl task board. Performance was evaluated using completion time, throughput, and trajectory parameters. Self-reported measures of workload and questionnaires were also administered. Statistical performance differences were found in the translational tasks (p

Writing is considered by students as a difficult skill to study. They do not realize that communication can be transferred through writing. Consequently, they write without purpose and in disorder way. They only write what is inside their head down in the paper and ignore what their purpose is, its grammatical and vocabulary use. Group Investigation (GI) is an organizational approach that allows a class to work actively and collaboratively in small groups and enables students to take an active role in determining their own learning goals and processes. GI is interesting so that the students will feel the new atmosphere in classroom and they are interested in learning writing. This study aims to investigate the implementation of GI to enhance the students’ writing ability. This study was conducted by using classroom action research that has two cycles within. The subject of the research was the students of eleventh year SMKN 2 Kediri which consisted of 35 students. The instruments of collecting data were quantitative (writing test) and qualitative data (observation sheet, and field notes). Questionnaire and interview being used by the researcher to know deeply the problem faced by the students then she analyzed them to find the appropriate method. They could follow the writing process from (1) topic selection, (2) cooperative planning, (3) implementation, (4) analysis and synthesis, (5) presentation of final project, and (6) evaluation. Based on the writing test scores, the students’ score kept improving in every test. In the pre-liminary study, there were only 43% of the students who passed the minimum standard score. After giving treatment to the students using GI, there was an enhancement towards the students writing. 91% of the students passed the test in cycle 1 and 100% of the students passed the test in cycle 2. Based on the observation sheet and field notes, it was found that the learning process of writing ran well. The students can be more active in group work, and they can follow the process of writing well-ordered by implementing the steps of GI. The result of the research showed that GI method could enhance students’ achievement in writing instruction text. It was suggested to modify and make the GI method to be more interesting and suitable towards the skill and topic of the study.

Wild gazelles are scattered in most of the arid and semi-arid areas of the Sultanate of Oman particularly in valleys, mountains and sandy zones of Rub' al Khali desert. Recently, gazelles’ populations have been facing reduction in the numbers. Consequently, gradual loss of genetic diversity is inevitable. This loss is considered one of the main threats that attribute to a loss of habitat and may lead to gazelle extinction. Till now, little is known about the status of the genetic diversity of the wild Dhofari gazelle. This project aimed to determine the extent of inbreeding, population structure and genetic diversity in the Dhofari gazelles’ populations. DNA was extracted from gazelles’ fecal samples using the human stool DNA extraction protocol. Following extraction, four microsatellite nuclear markers were used to calculate the level of inbreeding, population differentiation and genetic diversity. PCR inhibitors were significantly removed by the addition of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The mean inbreeding for the population was 0.228 for all loci with a standard error of 0.09. It is therefore postulated that Dhofari gazelles are generally undergoing gradual inbreeding which could lead to lack of fitness in future generations. The genetic differentiation (Fst) ranged between 0.071 (between Gara and Stom) and 0.231 (between Gara and Ayon). On the other hand, the Fst estimate between Solot (most distant) versus other Dhofari gazelles populations (pooled together) was 3.7%. Principle Components Analysis clustered Ayon and Gara populations apart from one another and closer to Stom while placing Solot further than all other populations which is in agreement with the Fst results and the geographical distribution. In conclusion, the results of this preliminary study will provide insight towards the conservation of wild gazelles in Dhofar. This is the first study to report the genetic diversity and status of wild Gazelles and provides a reference point for future studies assessing their genetic diversity and variability.

Shear wave elastosonography applied to synovitis: A preliminary study

This study is aimed at implementing PBL to improve the students’ writing ability. It was conducted by using classroom action research which has two cycles. Each cycle has 4 steps including planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The instrument used in this research was qualitative and quantitative instrument. Qualitative instruments that she used is observation check list and field notes. The quantitative data was gotten from the students’ score of posttests from cycle 1 and cycle 2. The questionnaire was used in this research as a preliminary study. The subject of the research was the students of tenth grade SMA Wahidiyah Kediri which consist of 29 students. Based on writing test scores, in the pre-liminary study, there were only 4 % of the students who passed the minimum standard score. After that, the score of the students who passed the test in cycle 1 was 13% and 78% of the students passed the test in cycle 2. Based on the observation sheet and field notes, it was found that the learning process of writing runs well. The students could follow the step of PBL orderly begin from (1) clarifying and agreeing on terms and concepts that are unclear¸ (2) formulating the problem, (3) analyzing the problem, (4) formulating hypothesis, (5) collecting data, (6) evaluating the hypothesis, (7) formulating the recommendation of problem solving. The result of the research shows that PBL method can improve the students writing ability and it is supported by using pictures and outline.

According to our experience in Ciptomangunkusumo hospital, most cleft palate patients has wide gap. It makes the epithelialization of the lateral defect takes longer time ( 3- 4 weeks). In this study, the authors propose a modified technique to the two-flap palatoplasty by not elevating the lateral part of the periosteum with the flap, and then apply honey packs to cover the lateral defects. The technique modification and additional honey-soaked dressing are expected to hasten the epithelialization rate. Twelve consecutive patients with non-syndromic cleft palate (with or without cleft lip) are included in the study. They undergo the modified two-flap palatoplasty with the lateral periosteum left behind, covering the palatal bone and the utilization of Honey pack. The rate of epithelialization is then observed every 2 days after operation until full healing is achieved. Complete epithelialization was attained within 5 days in one patient ( 2,8 mm/day), within 7 days in 8 patients (2-2,5mm/day), and within 9 days in 3 patients (2,2-2,7mm/day). There were no surgical complications, such as hemorrhage or wound infection. The fistula of the palate was not found until the defect closed. Our technique hasten the rate of epithelialization. It may prevent the maxillary growth disturbances in the future because faster healing reduces scar formation and wound contraction.

In complementary and alternative medicinal systems, the Arsenicum album in ultra-high dilution was used in various therapeutic conditions, considering its effects on the body's immune system, including the COVID-19 pandemic. However, scientific evidence regarding its immunomodulatory effects is insufficient. The current study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Arsenicum album in an experimental mouse model. Immunomodulatory activity of potentized dilutions of Arsenicum album i.e., 6C, 30C, 200C in BALB/c mice was evaluated by humoral antibody titer and delayedtype hypersensitivity assays wherein a fixed concentration (0.5 ml of 1× 109 cells/ml) of freshly prepared sheep RBC was administered as a foreign antigen to generate primary and secondary antibodies. Arsenicum album showed significant immunomodulatory activity by increasing primary antibody titer evaluated on day 21 of the treatment in all the dilutions as compared to SRBC and vehicle control group in humoral immune response assay without showing any effect on delayed-type hypersensitivity. The results of this preliminary study indicate that oral administration of Arsenicum album has the potential to augment primary humoral response at all dilutions. Hence, the possibility of using the Arsenicum album could be explored to treat immunological conditions, infections, etc., as an alternative therapy alongwith modern medicines.

Debugging and repairing Web Ontology Language (OWL) ontologies has been a key field of research since OWL became a W3C recommendation. One way to understand errors and fix them is through explanations. These explanations are usually extracted from the reasoner and displayed to the ontology authors as is. In the meantime, there has been a recent call in the eXplainable AI (XAI) field to use expert knowledge in the form of knowledge graphs and ontologies. In this paper, a parallel between explanations for machine learning and for ontologies is drawn. This link enables the adaptation of XAI methods to explain ontologies and their entailments. Counterfactual explanations have been identified as a good candidate to solve the explainability problem in machine learning. The CEO (Counterfactual Explanations for Ontologies) method is thus proposed to explain inconsistent ontologies using counterfactual explanations. A preliminary user study is conducted to ensure that using XAI methods for ontologies is relevant and worth pursuing.

The aim of the study was the histological and morphometrical evaluation of the urethral wall at three time points after bioresorbable stent implantation in male New Zealand White Rabbits. The research was performed on 26 male New Zealand White rabbits aged 3-4 months and weighing 2.1-3.0 kg. Two models of bioresorbable sodium alginate-based stents were developed and implanted into the urethral lumen for one (T1), three (T3), and six weeks (T6). Sections of 5 µm thickness were cut from the urethra at intervals of 2 mm. The sliced sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Van Gieson's (VG), Von Kossa, and Movat-Russell modified pentachrome (MOVAT) staining methods. The study provided valuable information for future models of urethral stents. The first model of the stent failed to fit the requirements due to inadequate mechanical properties. It curled up on itself losing the ability to adhere to the animals' urethra and was bioresorbed three weeks after implantation. The more rigid no. 2 stent was effective in widening the urethral lumen but did not biodegrade during the experiment. A comprehensive assessment of the second model's properties of biosorption and biointegration requires an extended observation of at least 12 months for an in depth morphological analysis. Stent migration is not likely to be caused solely by the mechanical properties of the urethra or urinary flow but mainly by muscle contraction of the organ wall.

The family-centered care framework of Early Intervention (EI) has shifted the focus toward caregiver engagement, but the underlying processes that build this are unknown. The aims of this study were 1) to describe the process of caregiver engagement in therapy and (2) to identify factors perceived to influence caregiver buy-in, confidence, and engagement in EI. This preliminary descriptive study utilized quantitative questionnaires and qualitative semi-structured interviews of EI participants (23 caregivers and four physical therapists). Interviews were transcribed and theme coded until saturation was achieved and a concept map was developed. All caregivers believed that their children benefited from EI, that they were empowered and confident in caring for their children, and their quality of life improved based on the quantitative data. The qualitative data revealed that building a rapport and therapeutic relationship is the foundation to developing buy-in. Reciprocal communication is critical to the relationship and the buy-in. Caregiver knowledge and awareness of progress foster caregiver buy-in and confidence once the relationship is established. Improved understanding of the factors influencing the development of buy-in will provide a framework for the clinician to enhance caregiver buy-in. Enhanced buy-in may promote parental engagement and improved outcomes for the child and family.

Cigarette smoking puts individuals with or at risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in jeopardy of experiencing a major cardiovascular event. Contingency management (CM) for smoking cessation is an intervention wherein financial incentives are provided contingent on biochemically verified smoking abstinence. Conventional CM programs typically require frequent clinic visits for abstinence monitoring, a potential obstacle for patients with medical comorbidities who may face barriers to access. This preliminary study examined the feasibility and comparative efficacy of (a) usual care (UC; advice to quit smoking, self-help materials, quitline referral) versus (b) UC plus home-based CM for smoking cessation (UC + HBCM). HBCM entailed earning monetary-based vouchers contingent on self-reported 24-hr smoking abstinence biochemically verified by a breath carbon monoxide (CO) sample ≤ 6 ppm. Participants were 20 outpatients with a CVD diagnosis or qualifying CVD risk factor randomly assigned 1:1 to the two conditions. Intervention participants received 14 in-home abstinence visits over 6 weeks. Voucher monetary value started at $10 and escalated by $2.50 for each subsequent negative sample (maximum earnings: $367.50). Positive samples earned no vouchers and reset voucher value to $10, but two negative samples following a positive allowed participants to continue earning vouchers at the prereset value. Primary outcome was point-prevalence smoking abstinence at Week 6 assessment. More participants assigned to UC + HBCM than UC were smoking abstinent at that Week 6 assessment (90% vs. 30%), χ²(1, N = 20) = 7.5, p < .01. These results provide initial evidence that HBCM can effectively promote smoking abstinence in CVD outpatients. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been extensively studied in the aquatic environment, although the mechanism of action and biological effects of this xenobiotic in several species, including sponges, are not yet well known. In this context, the aims of the present study were to apply the sponge Hymeniacidon heliophila as a biomonitor for PAH contamination, and to determine PAH depuration and chrysene accumulation patterns through bioassays, evaluating biomarkers in order to verify sublethal responses to exposure. The monitoring of two Southeastern Brazilian areas, Quadrado da Urca and Itaipu beach, indicated bioconcentration of PAHs in sponges. A predominantly petrogenic character was observed in the evaluated areas. Uptake of chrysene and elimination of PAHs were evaluated in H. heliophila, through the biomarkers neutral red and reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as histological evaluations. In the depuration assay, sponges from Quadrado da Urca, a contaminated site, were transferred to aquaria and collected at 24, 48, 72, 96, 168, 240 and 336 h. No significant depuration occurred during the first 96 h, and no changes were verified in the evaluated biomarkers. However, the sponges were able to depurate PAHs from 96 h to 336 h, indicating that this species may reach a healthy status if the environment is uncontaminated. An accumulation bioassay was carried up to 96 h, with sponges from Itaipu beach, in order to evaluate their ability to accumulate chrysene and show immediate effects. Accumulation was intense during 72 h, followed by a decline at 96 h. Neutral red retention time declined with chrysene accumulation, and the decrease of accumulation at 96 h seems related to GSH production. Histological structures were proven to be useful biomarkers of sponge health for experimental conditions. Thus, H. heliophila is confirmed to be an adequate bioindicator PAHs exposure.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of surgery within 8 hours on perioperative complications and neurological prognosis in older patients with cervical spinal cord injury by using a propensity score-matched analysis. The authors included 87 consecutive patients older than 70 years who had cervical spinal cord injury and who had undergone posterior decompression and fusion surgery within 24 hours of injury. The patients were divided into two groups based on the time from injury to surgery: surgery within 8 hours (group 8 hours) and between 8 and 24 hours (group 8-24 hours). Following the preliminary study, the authors established a 1:1 matched model using propensity scores to adjust for baseline characteristics and neurological status on admission. Perioperative complication rates and neurological outcomes at discharge were compared between the two groups. Preliminary analysis of 87 prematched patients (39 in group 8 hours and 48 in group 8-24 hours) revealed that the motor index score (MIS) on admission was lower for lower extremities (12.3 ± 15.5 vs 20.0 ± 18.6, respectively; p = 0.048), and total extremities (26.7 ± 27.1 vs 40.2 ± 30.6, respectively; p = 0.035) in group 8 hours. In terms of perioperative complications, group 8 hours had significantly higher rates of cardiopulmonary dysfunction (46.2% vs 25.0%, respectively; p = 0.039). MIS improvement (the difference in scores between admission and discharge) was greater in group 8 hours for lower extremities (15.8 ± 12.6 vs 9.0 ± 10.5, respectively; p = 0.009) and total extremities (29.4 ± 21.7 vs 18.7 ± 17.7, respectively; p = 0.016). Using a 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis, 29 patient pairs from group 8 hours and group 8-24 hours were selected. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics, neurological status on admission, and perioperative complications between the two groups, including cardiopulmonary dysfunction. Even after matching, MIS improvement was significantly greater in group 8 hours for upper extremities (13.0 ± 10.9 vs 7.8 ± 8.3, respectively; p = 0.045), lower extremities (14.8 ± 12.7 vs 8.3 ± 11.0, respectively; p = 0.044) and total extremities (27.8 ± 21.0 vs 16.0 ± 17.5, respectively; p = 0.026). Results of the comparison after matching demonstrated that urgent surgery within 8 hours did not increase the perioperative complication rate and significantly improved the MIS, suggesting that surgery within 8 hours may be efficient, even in older patients.

To evaluate the prevalence of oral bacteria in the conjunctiva of brachycephalic and nonbrachycephalic dogs. 12 brachycephalic (9.58 ± 3.55 years) and 12 nonbrachycephalic (8.33 ± 4.92 years) dogs without systemic disease, regardless of breed and sex, were included in the study, and half of the dogs in each group had periodontitis. This prospective study investigated clinical data including craniofacial ratio, ophthalmic examination results, and periodontal status of the included dogs. Bacterial samples were collected by swabbing the oral mucosa and conjunctival surfaces. The presence and quantity of bacteria were analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis, and the 10-fold dilution method. Statistical analyses were performed to assess correlations and factors influencing the presence of oral bacteria in the conjunctiva. The most common bacteria in the conjunctival flora in both groups were Micrococcus luteus, Corynebacterium spp, and Staphylococcus spp. The prevalence of oral bacteria on the conjunctival surface was 33%, with a significantly higher incidence in brachycephalic dogs (P = .027). Oral bacteria detected in the conjunctiva were predominantly Frederiksenia canicola, Neisseria spp, and Moraxella spp. Multiple regression analysis identified age, craniofacial ratio, and gingival index as factors influencing the presence of oral bacteria in the conjunctival flora. Oral resident bacteria have often been isolated from severe infectious corneal ulcers. This study provided evidence that brachycephalic dogs may require dental prophylaxis to reduce their oral bacterial load and that the association of oral bacteria in ocular diseases should be considered.

This is a preliminary study of research development for creating a dictionary of high-frequency words (HFW). Thus, this study tries to analyze the need of the ILF learners as the users of a dictionary of HFW for their ILF learning. A list of high-frequency words should be used in ILF learning so that the learning objectives can be achieved effectively. Unfortunately, the word list is not yet available. The ILF learners, especially those at the beginner level, still have difficulty using the Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language (KBBI). They prefer using translation apps to obtain the meaning of a word, even though these apps do not always help. Employing a descriptive survey, this study involved a total of 183 ILF teachers and learners. The data were gathered through Google-form questionnaires. In addition, interviews were administered with selected ILF teachers who had a teaching experience of more than 15 years. The findings revealed that the teachers and learners had different beliefs on the vocabulary forms needed for making a dictionary of HFW. The learners still did not understand the concepts of high-frequency words. According to the teachers, HFW was more needed for ILF learning. Meanwhile, for the learners, general words were more needed. Besides, digital dictionaries were more in demand than printed dictionaries. Bilingual dictionaries were more needed than monolingual dictionaries. Both the teachers and learners believed that the dictionary of HFW should comprise sentence examples. They both agreed that the dictionary of HFW should provide information about the use of words in sentence examples, affixes, synonymous phrases, antonyms, word classes, and phonetics. Therefore, the results of this research analysis can be used as a basis for developing a dictionary that fits the needs of ILF-1 learners.

Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluğun gelişimi ve sürdürülmesinde etkin faktörlerin doğru ve gerçek zamanlı olarak değerlendirilmesi, tedavisi ve önlenmesi bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluğun Bilişsel-Davranışçı Modeline ilişkin bileşenlerin ekolojik anlık değerlendirme yöntemi ile incelenmesi amacıyla Deneyim Örnekleme Formu geliştirilmiş ve modele ait bileşenlerin birbirleriyle ilişkili olup olmadığı anlık ve geriye dönük ölçümler ile karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmaya, uygun örnekleme yöntemi ile 55 yetişkin birey katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, ilk olarak Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu ve Obsesif İstem Dışı Düşünceler Envanterini doldurmuştur. Ardından katılımcıların, akıllı telefonlarına yüklenen bir cep telefonu uygulamasıyla bir gün boyunca belirli zaman aralıklarındaki seçkisiz zamanlarda 8 telefon bildirimi almaları sağlanmış ve her bildirimde telefon ekranında beliren Deneyim Örnekleme Formunu doldurmaları beklenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları öncelikle anlık olarak değerlendirilen olumlu ve olumsuz duygulanım, istem dışı düşünce yoğunluğu, bu düşüncelere yönelik duygusal tepkiler, kontrol zorluğu, kontrol stratejileri ve kompulsiyon değişkenlerinin birbirleriyle ve geriye dönük ölçüm alınan Obsesif İstem Dışı Düşünceler Envanterinin ilgili faktörleri ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, Obsesif İstem Dışı Düşünceler Envanteri alt faktörlerinden oluşturulan uç gruplar, anlık ölçümlenen değişkenler açısından karşılaştırılmış ve gruplar arası anlamlı farklar elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, deneyim örnekleme yönteminin güncel model doğrultusunda Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluğu başlatan ve sürdüren bilişsel faktörleri sorgulama ve etkili değişkenleri daha gerçekçi ve anlık değerlendirme amacıyla kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Ekolojik geçerliği yüksek olan bu yöntemin, Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluğun değerlendirilmesi ve tedavisine önemli katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Temon Sub Districts is an administrative area of Kulon Progo Regency, which borders the South Sea (Indian Ocean). The Temon Sub District is directly adjacent to the waters, so it potentially experiences intrusion like other coastal areas in Indonesia. Therefore, groundwater conditions related to the phenomenon of water intrusion need to be identified. The purpose of this study was to estimate seawater intrusion using a geographic information system (GIS) and water quality variables in the Temon Subs Districts. In this study, we used data on electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and groundwater salinity. The sampling was carried out using a systematic random sampling method. Meanwhile, the data analysis was carried out in a qualitative descriptive manner using the spatial interpolation feature in the Arc GIS 10.8 software. Based on the research results, it is suspected that seawater intrusion has occurred in several locations in Temon Sub Districts. The highest suspected seawater intrusion was found in the vicinity of Jangkaran Village, Kalidengen Village, and Plumbon Village. The EC, TDS, and salinity values suggested that around 26% or 9.68 km2 of the area has intruded. This research is expected to enrich references regarding the mapping of seawater intrusion in coastal areas.