Preliminary Outcomes Research Articles

Investigating the tolerance of different strawberry cultivars to Botrytis cinerea infection and its relation with fruit quality

BACKGROUND: Strawberries are a delicate, high nutritional value fruit with an extremely short shelf life and high susceptibility to tissue infection, mainly by Botrytis cinerea. Control of the disease requires an extensive amount of fungicide that is applied in varying complexes because the pathogen easily develops resistance against the active compounds. Planting tolerant cultivars seems to be a promising alternative for fruit growers, but there are currently no cultivars available combining tolerance to B. cinerea with attractive horticultural traits. OBJECTIVE: In this study, four well-defined strawberry cultivars (‘Romina’, ‘Cristina’, ‘Silvia’, and ‘Sibilla’) were selected and tested under treatment with Botrytis cinerea to determine the tolerance of each cultivar and its association with fruit quality. METHODS: Fruits were harvested and then stored for four days after inoculation (treatment) or not (control) with spores of B. cinerea; then, every day the level of decay was detected, and fruits were frozen for successive evaluation of fruit quality. RESULTS: The ‘Silvia’ cultivar is the one that demonstrated a higher level of tolerance to Botrytis infection during the treatment, and the ‘Romina’ cultivar was the cultivar most susceptible to the treatment. The results of the study also highlighted qualitative changes in all strawberry cultivars infected with Botrytis cinerea, by a decrease in the soluble solids content and an increase of acids. Generally, in all cultivars, phenolic acids, and vitamin C decreased in both control and infected but there was a strong decrease in infected fruit compared to control. Anthocyanin content increased in control fruits but strongly decreased in infected. CONCLUSION: As a preliminary outcome, a positive correlation was obtained between fruit nutritional quality and tolerance to decay, as a high amount of nutritional compound content provides lower susceptibility of fruits to Botrytis cinerea. To confirm this result more studies need to be done.

A novel modified penile disassembly procedure for isolated male epispadias repair: preliminary outcomes.

This study aimed to evaluate the preliminary outcome of a novel modification of a penile disassembly procedure. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 15 patients with isolated male epispadias (IME) who underwent a modified penile disassembly procedure. This modification involved leaving the glans connected while dissecting the urethral plate from the corpus cavernosum. This approach reserves the bundles of the anastomosis at the glans, which can prevent ischemic changes. One of the first two patients experienced glans ischemic changes on the first day after the operation, which ultimately resulted in the loss of half of the hemiglans. Urethral plate shortening was observed in two patients and was addressed with a transverse preputial island flap. Two patients developed a penopubic urethral fistula, which was repaired 6 months postoperatively. Of the 15 patients, 10 (66%) were continent or social continent, while 4 were incontinent and needed bladder neck reconstruction. One patient had not yet reached the age for continence evaluation. Additionally, Two patients had a residual dorsal curvature of approximately 10-15° and were advised to undergo continuous follow-up. The modified penile disassembly procedure is a simple, effective, and safe method for IME repair with an acceptable penile appearance and complication rate.

Модернизация китайского типа: эволюция концепции

The concept of “Chinese-style modernization” formulated in the end of the 1970s has been at the center of attention of the Chinese leadership and researchers since the beginning of this decade. The notion of primacy of national characteristics was transformed from a former reference to China’s weakness and backwardness to current focus on development success. Explanations of plans for China’s “basic socialist modernization” by 2035 formed the channel of influence of official policy on the academic discussions. The article analyzes contemporary Chinese comparisons of Chinese and Western paths of modernization along with theoretical reflections on the patterns of “Chinese-style modernization”. The determination to make China’s experience a reference point for policy decisions in developing countries is connected with studies in modernization theory. The question of the correlation between the general patterns of modernization and the specifics of the Chinese path of development has come to the fore. The emphasis on the differences between Chinese-style modernization and Western and Soviet models substantiates the theoretical possibility of a new development perspective for other countries, and encourages them to develop independent modernization strategies based on their own national specifics. Chinese researchers consider attempts by backward countries to copy the advanced institutions of developed nations as useless and even dangerous. China’s modernization is not complete, in the field of economic development there are mounting difficulties related to lagging behind in science and technology, deteriorating external environment, slowing growth, ageing population. While examining Chinese studies of Chinese-style modernization, it is appropriate to focus on the development of academic concepts, quantitative evaluation system and discursive system. Explorations in theory will be determined by practical achievements, first of all, by China’s ability to maintain sustainable balanced growth of the economy. The preliminary outcome can be assessed in the middle of the next decade, when China plans to build the foundations of modernization. The final judgement on the effectiveness of Chinese-style modernization will be made only after the results of China’s plans to become a world leader are known in the middle of this century.

Empowering Women: Pilates as a Holistic Approach to Alleviate Dysmenorrhea Symptoms: A Systemic Review

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea, characterised by painful menstrual cramps, is a prevalent condition affecting a significant portion of the female population worldwide. Despite its common occurrence, the management of dysmenorrhea often remains inadequate, with reliance on pharmacological interventions that may offer temporary relief but come with potential side effects and long-term consequences. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of pilates as a holistic approach to alleviate dysmenorrhea symptoms, with the goal of empowering women in managing their menstrual health more effectively. Materials and Methods: The study’s literature review spanned several databases—PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar—complemented by manual reference list searches. The search strategy incorporated keywords such as “Pilates,” “dysmenorrhea,” “menstrual pain management,” and “nonpharmacological interventions for dysmenorrhea.” This approach yielded 98 articles, from which six full-text available articles, published from 2014 to January 2024, were selected for their insights into the pilates-dysmenorrhea nexus. This research engaged women diagnosed with dysmenorrhea, with pre- and post-intervention assessments measuring pain levels and physical function using standardised tools. Results: Preliminary outcomes indicate a marked reduction in menstrual pain and an enhancement in physical function among participants undertaking pilates exercises, compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: Pilates exercises offer a holistic and comprehensive management strategy for dysmenorrhea, addressing both its physical and psychological dimensions. The study affirms pilates as an effective, non invasive way to ease dysmenorrhea symptoms.

Technique and Outcomes of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Repair With Augmentation.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries to the knee are uncommon, and ideal surgical management of these injuries is unclear. Current surgical techniques include PCL reconstruction with remnant debridement, remnant-preserving techniques, and primary PCL repair. Augmentation of PCL repairs and reconstructions has been proposed to protect repairs or grafts in the postoperative period. To describe PCL repair with the hamstring autograft augmentation technique and examine our preliminary midterm outcomes from a sequential cohort of patients. Case series; Level of evidence, 4. The authors identified patients at their institution who underwent remnant-preserving primary PCL repair with hamstring autograft augmentation for both isolated tears and tears associated with multiligament knee injury (MLKI). Patient-reported outcomes were evaluated at a minimum 2-year follow-up using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee form, the 12-item Short Form Survey, and a custom return-to-play questionnaire. Patient-reported outcomes data were summarized, and the predictors of outcomes from the descriptive data and clinical measures were further examined. A total of 23 patients with a mean follow-up of 5.3 years met the inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 87% were associated with MLKI. The mean IKDC score was 87.7. Approximately 83% of patients were able to successfully return to their sport or occupation. Among 19 athletes, only 2 reported being unable to return to their preinjury level of sport because of limitations from their PCL surgery. Patient-reported outcome scores and return to sport or occupation did not have a statistically significant association with age, sex, body mass index, time from injury to surgery, or follow-up time. Outcomes of our cohort with remnant-preserving primary PCL repairs with hamstring autograft augmentation demonstrated comparable clinical outcomes to previously published PCL data. The advantages of remnant preservation, primary repair, and augmentation with an independent hamstring autograft reconstruction are combined within this technique.

Rapid brain MRI for image-guided ventricular catheter placement in pediatric patients: protocol and preliminary clinical outcomes.

Neuronavigation is a useful adjunct for catheter placement during neurosurgical procedures for hydrocephalus or ventricular access. MRI protocols for navigation are lengthy and require sedation for young children. CT involves ionizing radiation. In this study, the authors introduce the clinical application of a 1-minute rapid MRI sequence that does not require sedation in young children and report their preliminary clinical experience using this technique in their pediatric population. All patients who underwent ventricular catheter placement at a children's hospital using a rapid noncontrast MRI protocol, standard MRI, or head CT from July 2021 to August 2023 were included. Type of procedure, etiology of hydrocephalus, ventricle configuration and size, morphology of ventricles, need for adjunctive intraoperative ultrasound, duration of procedure, accuracy of catheter placement, and need for proximal revision within 90 days were retrospectively recorded and compared across imaging modalities. Sixty-eight patients underwent 83 procedures: 21 underwent CT navigation, 29 standard MRI, and 33 rapid MRI. Patients who received standard MRI more often had tumor etiology, while those who underwent CT and rapid MRI had posthemorrhagic etiology (χ2 = 13.04, p = 0.042). Intraoperative ultrasound was required for 1 patient in the standard MRI group and 1 patient in the CT group. There was no difference in procedure time across groups (p = 0.831). On multivariable analysis, procedure time differed by procedure type, where external ventricular drain placement and proximal revision were faster (p < 0.001 and p < 0.028, respectively). Proximal revision due to obstruction within 90 days occurred in 3 cases (in the same patient with complex loculated hydrocephalus) in the rapid MRI group and 2 cases in the CT group. Although this study was not powered for statistical inference, the authors report on the clinical use of a 1-minute rapid MRI sequence for neuronavigation in hydrocephalus or ventricular access surgery. There were no instances in which intraoperative ultrasound was required as an adjunct for procedures navigated with rapid MRI, and intraoperative time did not differ from that of standard navigation protocols.

Feasibility and acceptability of a dengue self-monitoring system to reduce treatment delay in Malaysia: A single-centre pilot randomised controlled trial.

Most dengue cases are managed in an outpatient setting, where patients are advised to return to the clinic daily for monitoring. Some patients can develop severe dengue at home and fail to recognise the deterioration. An application called DengueAid was designed as a self-monitoring tool for patients to reduce delay in seeking timely treatment. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial to determine the effectiveness of the DengueAid application. Dengue patients were recruited from a public health clinic in Malaysia and randomised to either use the DengueAid application plus standard care for dengue or receive only the standard care. The outcomes evaluated were the (1) feasibility of recruitment, data collection and follow-up procedures; (2) preliminary clinical outcome measures; and (3) acceptability of DengueAid. Qualitative interviews were conducted for participants in the intervention arm to assess the acceptability of DengueAid. Thirty-seven patients were recruited with 97% (n = 36) retention rates. The recruitment rate was low (63% refusal rate, n = 62/99) with difficulty in data collection and follow-up due to the variable interval of care for dengue in an outpatient setting. DengueAid application was acceptable to the participants, but preliminary clinical outcomes and qualitative data suggested limited utility of the application. Unwell conditions of patients and limited access to healthcare are important factors impacting the application's utility. The feasibility trial uncovered issues with recruitment, data collection and follow-up processes. Further research and modification to the application are needed to improve its utility and usability.

Evaluating the Feasibility of the Education, Movement, and Understanding (EMU) Program: A Primary School-Based Physical Education Program Integrating Indigenous Games Alongside Numeracy and Literacy Skills

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a 16-lesson integrated physical education program focusing on Indigenous games: Education, Movement, and Understanding (EMU). Method: The study aligned with current physical education, English, and mathematics syllabi and involved 105 children (9–12 years) from two primary schools (Awabakal Country, Australia; 2020). Children participated in sixteen 45–60 min EMU lessons over 8 weeks, with feasibility and preliminary efficacy outcomes assessed via mixed methods. Results: EMU was delivered successfully by the research team, with excellent student and teacher evaluations (M = 4.36–5.0 across 20 items). Improvements resulted for children’s cardiorespiratory fitness (d = 0.37, p = .001), enjoyment of sport (d = 0.27, p = .024), physical self-perceptions (d = 0.27, p = .043), and academic achievement (spelling d = 0.91, addition d = 0.40, subtraction d = 0.53, and division d = 0.68). No significant changes in well-being or multiplication scores resulted. Conclusion: Our results provide support for the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of EMU as a beneficial and enjoyable integrated primary school physical education program.

Real-World Outcomes of Faricimab Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema.

The purpose of this study was to assess preliminary real-world outcomes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with intravitreal faricimab. This was a retrospective, observational consecutive-case real-world study of patients with nAMD or DME initiated on intravitreal faricimab between November 2022 and April 2023. Treatment-naïve patients and patients previously treated with alternate anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents were initiated on an intended treatment plan of four monthly faricimab injections as a loading regime. Efficacy was assessed across four treatment groups. Primary outcomes assessed for both cohorts were changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CST) on optical coherence tomography (OCT). Secondary outcomes were alterations in OCT-defined structural features. From 127 patients, 146 eyes received at least one dose of faricimab. Mean BCVA, measured in Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters, from baseline to fifth visit increased from: 59.0±12.8 to 62.2±14.3 in treatment-naïve nAMD; 61.1±17.6 to 63.5±14.8 in previously-treated nAMD; 61.1±13.0 to 72.8±11.5 in treatment-naïve DME; and 60.8±14.6 to 63.3±15.6 in previously-treated DME. Mean CST reduced in all four treatment groups between initiation to final loading dose, from: 442.8±172.0µm to 305.2±117.0µm (p<0.0001) in treatment-naïve nAMD; 355.2±115.1µm to 297.9±92.54µm (p<0.0001) in previously-treated nAMD; 465.8±109.1µm to 343.1±100.3µm (p<0.0001) in treatment-naïve DME; and 492.5±133.1µm to 388.5±131.4µm (p<0.0001) in previously-treated DME. Real-world outcomes showed some improvement in BCVA and CST for nAMD and DME following faricimab administration, including in patients previously treated with other anti-VEGF agents. Further work involving larger cohorts over longer periods is required to determine whether improvement is maintained, and if intervals can be extended to match those observed in clinical trials.

Anorectal malformation: Audit of management in a major tertiary institution in Ghana

BackgroundAnorectal malformation (ARM) remains a significant challenge to the child and paediatric surgeons. Its rarity is relative in Sub-Saharan Africa, where there are few specialized centres for management. This study aimed to describe the presentations, management, and preliminary outcomes of ARM in a major specialized centre. MethodsA prospective observational study, with a two-year follow-up was conducted for children (up to 15 years) who presented with ARM at the Paediatric Surgery Unit between November 2020 and July 2021. ResultsSixty-one (61) patients (M: F = 1:0.96) were studied. 28.27 % of the ARM's were detected on day one of birth. More than two thirds of the cohort (70.5 %) was first detected by mothers. The remainder (29.5 %) were detected by health professionals. Majority, 88.2 %, presented late (>24hours). 34(55.4 %) presented in a stable state, 20(32.79 %) with acute intestinal obstruction and 4(6.56 %) with sepsis. Associated congenital anomalies were observed in 7(11.48 %) of patients. All the children had a staged procedure (colostomy, PSARP and closure of colostomy). The mean duration between colostomy creation and PSARP was 7.02 +/- 2.05 months, while the mean duration between PSARP and colostomy reversal was eight months. The complication and mortality rates after all the staged procedures were 39.3 % and 2.2 %, respectively. 5.2 % had persistent faecal soiling while 3.5 % had persistent constipation at 2 years. There were no anal strictures or rectal prolapse. ConclusionSurgical outcomes of children with ARM are generally good, although there were late and unstable presentations to the hospital. Late identification of ARM by health professionals lead to late presentation.

Growth Performance, Immune Characteristics, and Health and Welfare of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Fed a Tailor‐Made Environmentally Sustainable Diet Formulated Using Novel Ingredients

The use of fish meal/oil in carnivorous fish feeds remains a concern for the environmental sustainability of aquaculture. In this study, we investigated the impact of an innovative diet designed to be cost‐effective and environmentally sustainable (i.e., 60% replacement of fish meal by a blend of plant, yeast [Saccharomyces cerevisiae], and krill meal feed ingredients) on the growth, health, and welfare of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Over a 135‐day experiment, fish were fed either the innovative or a commercial diet (control), and various parameters were evaluated, namely growth performance, levels of physiological blood parameters related to stress, immunity, health, and welfare, as well as swimming activity, serving as a proxy for energy expenditure. Results revealed that the innovative diet enhanced growth compared to fish fed the control diet. Hematological and biochemical indicators did not highlight any impaired welfare condition in fish fed innovative diet while higher levels of Immunoglobulin M were measured in plasma of fish fed innovative diet, potentially suggesting enhancement of humoral immunity. However, accelerometer tags data revealed that fish fed the innovative diet exhibited higher overall swimming activity, suggesting higher energy expenditure, which was consistent with greater prealbumin levels measured in the plasma. In conclusion, the higher energy metabolism in fish fed the innovative diet might be compensated by the diet’s content, which may boost humoral immunity and hence help the fish develop a better adaptation to rearing environment, including its viral and bacterial load, ensuring overall better growth. Longer term investigations, including measurements of additional parameters, are required to validate these promising preliminary outcomes.

COMPLETE REMISSION OF VARICOSE VEINS THROUGH INTEGRATED THERAPY W.S.R. TO JALAUKA AVACHARANA: A UNIQUE CASE REPORT

Background This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes and safety profile of leech therapy as a potential alternative or adjunctive treatment for varicose veins. Specifically, it examines the efficacy of leech therapy in managing varicose vein symptoms. Methodology A prospective case study was conducted with a single patient receiving treatment at the Ayurvedic Panchakarma department. The effects of leech therapy were assessed based on the patient's self-reported evaluation of varicose vein treatment over a 5-week period, during this, six sessions of Jalauka avacharana (Medicinal leech therapy) were administered to the patient. Results Following the six sessions of leech therapy, the patient experienced gradual alleviation of symptoms, including reduced pain and burning sensations. Moreover, significant improvements were noted in reducing swelling, lumping, skin discoloration, tortuosity, and itching associated with varicose veins. These findings suggest the potential effectiveness of leech therapy in managing varicose vein symptoms. Conclusions Leech therapy shows promise as a viable option for managing varicose veins, offering noticeable improvements in symptom relief and overall vascular health. Integrated therapy incorporating Ayurveda Panchakarma, naturopathy, and yogasanas may provide comprehensive support for individuals with varicose veins. Larger-scale studies are warranted to validate these preliminary outcomes and explore the long-term efficacy of integrated therapeutic approaches in varicose vein management.

The pedicled Antero lateral thigh flap for gender affirming surgery: what is different? First case series outcomes of a single center from Turkey.

The aim of this study is to share our preliminary outcomes of the pedicled Antero Lateral Thigh flap (ALTf) phalloplasty technique, which we presume to be the first reported case series of a single center from Turkey. A cross-sectional study, comprising all cases who underwent pedicled ALTf phalloplasty in our clinic, between January 2015 and December 2019, was designed. Demographic data, case characteristics and surgical details including complications were recorded. The mean age of our 26 cases was 30 (28-34) years. The mean penile length and diameter were 15.07 ± 0.98 cm and 3.9 ± 0.34 cm, respectively. Tactile sensation was evaluated by touching the radix, corpus and tip of the neo-phallus showing response in 17 (65.4%), 7 (26.9%) and 2 (7.7%) of the cases, respectively. In 14 (53.8%) of all our cases no complication was reported at all. However, in 12 (46.1%) cases, although no intraoperative complication occurred; postoperative complications were observed as Clavien-2 (3.8%), Clavien-3a (3.8%) and Clavien-3b (71%). Postoperative satisfaction rates were found 77.14% (38-94). Although relevant studies are limited, in addition to low complication rates and high satisfactory outcomes, by leading to a concealable donor site, the pedicled ALTf can be used as a preferred phalloplasty technique, especially in transmen with religious or cultural sensibility.

Soczewka wewnątrzgałkowa LuxSmart™ – soczewka EDOF na miarę potrzeb współczesnego pacjenta

Enhanced depth of focus intraocular lenses had been successfully introduced few years ago. This heterogenous class of intraocular lenses aims to correct presbyopia and provide a spectacle independence for daily activities over a wider range than classic monofocal intraocular lenses. LuxSmart (Bausch &amp; Lomb) is a high-quality enhanced depth of focus intraocular lens. This single piece, acrylic hydrophobic and aspheric intraocular has a small central zone which combines 4&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; orders of spherical aberration of opposite signs to increase the subjective depth of focus and further improve intermediate vision while maintaining good performance at distance. This article presents preliminary clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction of LuxSmart™ intraocular lens.

A rigorous, stepwise procedure for multi-stakeholder design of implementation actions

Implementation of evidence-based practice necessitates identification of barriers and facilitators as well as using effective implementation strategies tailored to these barriers and facilitators. Collaboration with stakeholders is an essential aspect of implementation, but there is limited guidance on how to combine input from stakeholders with other sources of information when designing implementation actions. In this study, we adapt and evaluate a novel stepwise procedure (based on Knapp et al, 2022) to combine multi-stakeholder input with best available evidence on matching barriers to implementation strategies.&#x0D; In the context of an implementation project for physiotherapist led Cognitive Behavior therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) in patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (OA), stakeholders (physiotherapists (PTs), patients with OA and comorbid insomnia, general practitioners (GPs), orthopedic surgeons (OS), rheumatologists, and psychologists with expertise in CBT-I) participate in a rigorous, iterative process of identifying and prioritizing barriers, followed by a selection of implementation strategies to address identified barriers. In this process, stakeholder discussion or survey input is alternated with feedback from the research team, who are providing a summary of stakeholder perspectives and provide input based on findings from the implementation science literature. The process integrates aspects of user-centered design (Dopp et al., 2018; Dopp et al., 2020), a modified version of Delphi approach (Hasson et al., 2000), a participatory approach (Jagosh et al., 2012), and the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) protocol (Powell et al., 2015; Waltz et al., 2015).&#x0D; Compared to Knapp et al. (2022) we have streamlined the development process into a six-step alternating procedure. Furthermore, we have broadened the categories of stakeholders participating in the stakeholder discussions, including patients and health care providers of different disciplines. In order to facilitate representation of patients and different disciplines of health care providers, we are conducting the first step stakeholder discussions in two parallel teams: (1) a team focusing on the determinants related to patient-PT interactions, the process of implementation, and the intervention itself; and (2) a team focusing on the determinants related to interactions between different health care providers, the referral patterns, and the structural aspects of healthcare. The first team consists of patients, psychologists, and physiotherapists. The second team involves various healthcare providers involved in the treatment of osteoarthritis, both first and second line. That is physiotherapists, GPs, orthopedic surgeons, and rheumatologists.&#x0D; The study is currently ongoing, and we will be discussing preliminary outcomes related to the methodology and design process, including evaluations at each stage of the project. The project can serve as a template for structured, multidisciplinary stakeholder engagement in the design of implementation actions. This work is integrated into a clinical trial that was funded by the Applied Biomedical Research Program, Research Foundation Flanders (Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Vlaanderen), Belgium (FWO-TBM project no. TBM2021 - T000521N - 54252, “Towards PREcision MEdicine for Osteoarthritis: Added value of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (the PREMEO trial).

Conversation coaching in dementia: a feasibility study.

Conversation abilities of people with dementia are impacted by cognitive-communication deficits. Communication interventions can improve quality of life by increasing positive interactions and well-being. This study evaluates the feasibility of a conversation coaching intervention for people with dementia and their communication partners. A mixed-method design was used. Thirty-four people were recruited over 12months; 17 people with dementia and 17 communication partners. Participants with dementia were aged between 62 and 79years (8 females, 9 males) and the communication partners were aged 33-77years (5 males, 12 females). This conversation coaching intervention involved two assessment sessions (pre and post intervention) and 6 weekly sessions, alternating between individual and group-based sessions. These were facilitated by two experienced speech and language therapists with a three-month follow-up period. Participants were assessed initially and three months following intervention using Profiling Communication Ability in Dementia (P-CAD), Goal Attainment Scaling, and Capability Index for Older people (ICECAP-O). Twenty-eight participants completed the conversation coaching intervention. P-CAD scores for people with dementia were maintained at three months for 71% (n = 10) showing no decline in function and 29% (n = 4) showed improvement. Using the Goal Attainment Scaling, all people with dementia and their communication partners reported that this conversation coaching intervention helped them achieve their individual communication goals. Ten (71%) people with dementia rated their well-being as higher on the ICE-CAP-O following intervention with 29% (n = 4) rating no change in well-being from initial assessment. Over three-quarters of communication partners, (79%: n = 11), reported an increased sense of well-being following intervention and 21% (n = 3) had no change in well-being. Preliminary outcomes including participant feedback indicate that this conversation coaching intervention is feasible for people with dementia. The communication function and well-being of people with dementia were either maintained or improved. Conversation coaching intervention is collaborative and enhances the retained communication abilities of people living with dementia.

Patients Characteristics and Preliminary Outcomes of Heart Failure Registry in A Middle-Income Country: Persian Registry of Cardiovascular Disease/Heart Failure (PROVE/HF)

Background: The Persian Registry of Cardiovascular disease/Heart Failure (PROVE/HF) aimed to studied the demographic, clinical, and diagnostic characteristics and treatment of patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) and to follow them for short- and long-term outcomes. Its pilot phase started in 2015 in Isfahan aiming to evaluate its feasibility to be scaled up at the national level in later stages. This article describes the method and preliminary results of the first year registry. Materials and Methods: Information of hospitalized patients with preserved and low ejection fraction, were gathered. Patients were followed for 1, 6, and 12 months. During follow-up, information of the patients’ current status, medications used during hospitalization, and in case of death, the cause and place were assessed. Result: PROVE/HF enrolled 787 patients in the first year. The mean age of patients was 70.74 ±12.01 years, and 60.7% of them were men. The most frequent risk factors for the development of HF in the recruited patients was ischemic heart disease (77.9%), and hypertension (63.7%), respectively. The re-admission rate for patients with HF was at least once in 16% and continued until the fifth to ninth re-admission over a one-year period. Among 787 registered patients, 30.9% died in the first year of follow-up, and the in-hospital mortality was 6.2%. The mean hospitalization period was 4.88 days, and 64.2% were hospitalized for &gt;3 days. Conclusion: The annual rate of re-admission and mortality was high, and the use of medication was less than the recommended one inaccordance with the guidelines for the treatment of heart failure.  [GMJ.2018;7:e1026]Â

Deciphering ethynyl single crystal for NLO applications: Synergistic studies on the structural, Hirshfeld surface, photophysical and DFT assessment

In this contribution, we have integrated multiple approaches in investigating the profiles and behaviour of simple ethynyl derivative, 1-[4-(4-(dimethylaminophenyl)ethynyl)phenyl]ethanone (4DME) tolane which is known to be integrated widely in molecular electronics as conjugated building block in functional molecules. Prepared via simplified aerobic Sonogashira cross-couping reaction, symmetrical chromophore of 4DME crystallizes in monoclinic with complex framework containing the space group of P21/n and includes four molecules within a unit cell. The fingerprint plots and Hirshfeld surface analyses demonstrate the presence of synergism between molecules supporting nonlinear optical response of the compound. It was shown that C⋯H contact (44.5 %) is the major contribution of intermolecular interaction executed by Hirshfeld surface area. The investigation on their spectroscopic, thermal analysis and density functional theory (DFT) analysis operating under B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) were conducted to determine the energies of the LUMO and HOMO level, NLO behaviour, intermolecular charge transport facilitated by global chemical reactivity descriptors, molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) and hyperpolarizability analyses. From the simulated DFT calculation, it shows that 4DME has good polarizability properties with HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 3.89 eV. Calculated total first hyperpolarizability βtot of 4DME were 1261.40 × 10−30 esu which can be potentially applied as good nonlinear optical materials. The preliminary outcomes prove that this simple ethynyl derivative is capable of being used in optoelectronic industry as NLO-based products. A CW diode laser operating at 532 nm wavelength was used to perform the Z-scan measurements and 4DME showed an effective value of χ(3) in order of 10−6, indicating good nonlinear properties.

Influence of Battery Electrode Manufacturing Process on Electrode Characteristics and Electrochemical Performance

The numerous battery gigafactory projects show that the Li-ion battery sector is booming. Although groundbreaking technologies such as all-solid-state batteries mobilize a lot of research effort, current Li-ion liquid technology still needs to be updated. Only a few publications are related to electrode manufacturing. However, increasing the active material content, the areal capacity, or the solid slurry content is key to improve the energy density but also the manufacturing costs.The objectives of this thesis work are to understand and improve the preparation of the slurry and the manufacturing process as a whole in order to obtain the best possible performances depending on the material used. Initially, the study is carried out in an aqueous formulation for negative graphite electrodes. Still, it will be extended after that to the positive electrode in an organic formulation. The negative electrode is very interesting from a fundamental study point of view because of its specificities that limit the fast charge operation of the cells with a risk of metallic lithium deposit. This electrode's basic composition, in weight, is 96.5% graphite (90/10 mixture of natural and artificial graphite), 1.3% Na-CMC, 1.7% latex, and 0.5% electronic conductor.Eleven significant parameters were selected thanks to preliminary results and literature outcomes. Their impact is determined by crossing experiences and varying them thanks to a rational approach based on the design of experiments (DOE) methodology. A DOE is carried out to be able to study this large number of parameters with a limited number of trials. Apart from the active material and the mixer used, the parameters are grouped into three categories:- The CMC (CarboxyMethylCellulose) polymer, with the molar mass, the substitution degree, and its content.- The electronic conductors, the content as well as the nature (nanotube, nano-sphere, and platelet)- Electrode properties such as coating speed, porosity, or loading.To determine their influences, characterizations are carried out throughout the electrode coating. The slurries are analyzed by rheology and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adhesion of the electrodes and their structuring are measured, with particular attention on the electronic resistivity and tortuosity. Finally, the electrodes obtained are tested by electrochemical cycling at various charging rates.Tortuosity is a particularly sensitive factor in relation to the issue of rapid charge/discharge [1]. The tortuosity is measured by electrochemical impedance in the blocking and symmetric electrode configuration and corresponds to the measurement of the distance traveled by the ions in order to cross an electrode (Figure 1). [2]The results of this wide study will be presented with parameter sensitivity on capacity retention, high charging rate capabilities, or electrode mechanical properties. Interrelations between the parameters will be pointed out. Optimal electrode formulations and designs will be presented to validate the approach.[1] D. Grießl, A. Adam, K. Huber, and A. Kwade, "Effect of the Slurry Mixing Process on the Structural Properties of the Anode and the Resulting Fast-Charging Performance of the Lithium-Ion Battery Cell," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 169, no. 2, p. 020531, 2022, doi: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac4cdb.[2] J. Landesfeind, J. Hattendorff, A. Ehrl, W. A. Wall, and H. A. Gasteiger, "Tortuosity Determination of Battery Electrodes and Separators by Impedance Spectroscopy," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 163, no. 7, pp. A1373–A1387, 2016, doi: 10.1149/2.1141607jes Figure 1

FEASIBILITY OF HIGH-INTENSITY FUNCTIONAL STRENGTH TRAINING AT HOME FOR POSTINJURY OLDER ADULTS

Abstract Older adults who experience a slip, trip, or fall may experience preclinical mobility limitation (PCML), where individuals report modifications but not difficulty in mobility tasks and are at increased risk for future functional decline. Functional decline may be prevented with exercise. The purpose of this pilot trial was to determine the feasibility (adherence, recruitment, retention, safety) and preliminary outcomes (physical functioning, cognitive functioning, enjoyment) of home-based 12-week high-intensity functional strength training (HIFST) for community-dwelling older adults (≥ 55 years) with PCML who have had an injury from a slip, trip, or fall in the previous year. The trial is currently underway (target completion spring 2023). Participants are stratified by sex and randomized (1:1) to HIFST or a stretching program, both delivered by a physiotherapist via videoconferencing. Feasibility will be assessed based on predetermined criteria and reported using descriptive statistics. Preliminary effects will be reported as between group differences. To date, 20 participants (11 HIFST, 9 stretch) have enrolled (target n=24). Six participants have completed the HIFST intervention, and 2 have withdrawn before completion (reasons: mental health crisis and acute knee pain episode) with a total adherence rate of 85.8% of sessions completed (97.7% for the 6 participants who did not withdraw) which exceeds our threshold for feasibility (≥ 70%). No serious intervention-related adverse events have been reported. The results of this pilot will provide essential information for future research regarding the process, resources, and potential effects of home-based HIFST in a PCML post-injury older adult population.