Pragmalinguistic Aspects Research Articles

Organizational structure of British parliamentary discourse: pragmalinguistic aspect

The article investigates the peculiarities of utterance construction in British Parliamentary Discourse from the positions of pragmalinguistics. For the basis of the research, the authors take the classification of speech acts by J. Austin and J. Searle combined with the model for spoken discourse analysis by J. Sinclair and M. Coulthard and apply it for the description of the constituent components of speech moves (Pre-Head, Head, and Post-Head) in speech activity of the main participants of British Parliamentary Debates. The authors define pragmatic intentions of the speakers and describe the models of Speech Moves progressions in terms of Pre-Head, Head, and Post-Head ties, which provides the insight into the way the speakers build the utterances in order to realize their speech intentions. Article received 31.08.2018

International communication of the Ancient Russian state (pragmalinguistic aspect)

The article deals with studying business communication between the City of Novgorod and the Hanseatic League. The “Methods and study” section provides a detailed theoretical description of the linguistic personality of a diplomat of the 13-15th centuries. The main methods and directions of study and reconstruction of the personality under study are substantiated. The “Results and Discussion” section describes an experiment conducted on the basis of pragmatic linguistics and its results. Using some documents of the 13-15th centuries as the background, we have reconstructed the speech image of a medieval diplomat, the author of international birchbarks. The reconstruction was made as per the methods of pragmatic linguistics. The method is based on comparing some specific syntactic unities and uses of grammar forms throughout the entire body of the analyzed documents. The description of the reconstructed image of the diplomat has enabled to draw a conclusion on the preservation of linguistic traditions throughout the entire period of the existence of autonomous city-states and their relationships with the Hanseatic League.

Функціювання складнопідрядних речень у тексті дипломатичної промови: прагмалінгвістичний аспект

Функціювання складнопідрядних речень у тексті дипломатичної промови: прагмалінгвістичний аспект

Прагмалингвистический потенциал инструктивного текста

An instruction is considered as a form of discursive values fixation in the pragmalinguistic aspect, which allows one to analyze the specifics of text formation. The results of a discursive analysis of instructions for cosmetic products, medical preparations, and household appliances are presented. Particular attention is paid to the description of the pragmalinguistic potential of instructive texts, represented by intentional plans of informativeness, prescriptiveness, beneficence. The distinctions of the representation of the indicated values are revealed using grammatical means expressing contextually determined shades of meanings. There is a review of the works in which the discussion of the type of speech influence in the instructions is raised. The novelty of the study consists in the consideration of the instructive text as a result of the discourse deployment, based on the factors of the addressee, addressant, subject area, time and place of resolution of the communicative situation, thereby revealing the specificity of the speech impact. The relevance of the study is due to the authors' appeal to the pragmalinguistic description of the text, which correlates with the anthropocentric approach in modern studies. The authors analyze in details the ways to implement direct and indirect motivation with the help of appropriate verbal forms, the features of the distribution of verbal forms containing important information about the way actions are performed and some syntactic constructions.

Presidential political discourse as a means of manipulation: a pragmalinguistic aspect

Presidential political discourse as a means of manipulation: a pragmalinguistic aspect

Речевое поведение авторов исходного и переводного текстов: прагмалингвистический аспект

Речевое поведение авторов исходного и переводного текстов: прагмалингвистический аспект

A Study of Angry Expressions in Response to the Shooting of Michael Brown

2014년 8월 미국 퍼거슨시에 일어난 마이클 브라운 피격 사건은 그 사건을 보는 관점에 따라 다양한 분노 반응을 유발했다. 같은 사건에 대해서도 서로 다른 관점에서 첨예하게 대립하는 상반된 해석이 가능하다는 것은 여러 인종이 모여 사는 미국 사회의 다양성을 반영하는 것이기도 하지만 다른 한편으로는 인종 문제가 미국 사회의 근간을 흔들고 통합을 저해할 수 있는 아킬레스의 건임을 보여준다. 따라서 공권 력의 정당한 사용과 인종차별적 법집행 여부를 둘러싼 여러 관점과 이런 상이한 관점 에서 비롯된 분노 발화의 특성을 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 해묵은 인종 갈등을 재점화한 계기가 된 백인 경찰 대런 윌슨에 의한 흑인 청년 마이클 브라운의 피격 사건 보도를 둘러싼 네티즌들의 분노 반응 발화를 조사하고, 백인 경찰 옹호 관점과 흑인 청년 옹호 관점 및 중립적 관점이라는 세 가지 서로 다른 관점에서 표현된 발화의 분노 충동성과 집중성 및 명시성을 분석한다. 특히 이런 분노 발화의 질적 특성을 객관적으로 계량화할 수 있는 방법을 제시하고 그런 계량적 분석 결과에 대한 함의를 살펴본다.This paper explores pragma-linguistic aspects of angry responses to the shooting of Michael Brown, an unarmed black teenager, by Darren Wilson, a white police officer, in Ferguson, a suburb of St. Louis, Missouri, on August 9, 2014. The incident immediately prompted a storm of heated debates on the Internet and a number of angry threads were posted. This study identifies three different perspectives from which those threads were written, viz. the perspective that advocated Darren Wilson’s shooting (Perspective A), the perspective that advocated Michael Brown’s behavior on the day (Perspective B), and the perspective that is neutral between the white police officer and the black teenager (Perspective C). A total of 647 tokens of angry expressions are analyzed in terms of their anger realization strategies and the three key traits of anger expressions — compulsivity, convergence, and explicitness. A set of evaluation formula to measure the three traits are proposed and the findings are discussed.

Pragmalinguistic aspect of the political discourse as means of formation values of the nation

Pragmalinguistic aspect of the political discourse as means of formation values of the nation

Manipulative and Pragmalinguistic Aspects of Political Discourse

The article considers some peculiarities of manipulation and pragmalinguistic aspects of political discourse. The purpose of the article is to study and make clear the role of use of manipulative and pragmalinguistic elements in political discourse. First of all, there is given comprehensive definitions of discourse, then author gradually moves to political discourse. He dwells on what kind of factors dramatically influence on manipulation in political discourse and gives exact definitions of them. Moreover author touches pragmalinguistic factors that play the main role in manipulation processes, in particular main units of pragmalinguistics such as informema and pragmema. There is given analysis of an election which was held in Kazakhstan this year and candidates’ political discourse. What kind of pragmalinguistic elements do they prefer to use in their political discourses. By the end of the article, author shows the importance of political discourse in society, how it makes remarkable contribution to the society and even it creates the managing system of the country. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s2p254

On Differences in the Use of Hedging in English and Armenian Academic Discourse

The aim of the present paper is to show differences in the ways scientific discourse is presented in English and Armenian. The first part of the paper examines hedging as one of the features that distinguish English scientific discourse from that of many languages. It focuses on the use of hedges in the English and Armenian academic writing, revealing considerable differences between them – English characterized by an abundant use of hedges, in contrast to Armenian least characterized by this feature. It also considers the difference in the character of hedges used in the related languages: English manifests diverse forms of hedging - modal words (verbs, nouns, adjectives, and adverbs), approximators, impersonal and passive constructions, if-clauses, etc., while Armenian uses predominately modal words. The second part of the paper considers the pragmalinguistic aspect of hedging, emphasizing the fact that the lack of hedges may have a negative perlocutionary effect and that the strategies employed in the unhedged discourse could be considered as face-threatening acts, functioning as a means of imposition on the reader or listener. The final part presents various types of assignments for Armenian students to achieve competence in the appropriate use of hedges. These include rewriting, inserting, translation with variation and other exercises, which would help students present their critical views on various issues in a more acceptable communicative fashion.

LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF UNDERSTATEMENT IN MODERN ENGLISH

The article focuses on the concept of Understatement as a lingua-cultural category and analyses the main linguistic means of realization of this phenomenon. Besides, some stylistic and pragmalinguistic aspects of Understatement are analyzed from the perspective of a distancing strategy. The researcher is primarily interested in Understatement as a lingua-cultural category relying on historically stipulated cultural traditions of Anglo-Saxon society which gave rise to the forming of the British national character, and which reflect age, gender and social differences of the English. The author does not use the Russian variants of the translation of Understatement in the article, as they do not fully convey all the aspects of denotative and connotative meaning of this concept. Further on it is emphasized that the structure of Understatement is complex, diverse and can be expressed by a variety of lexical as well as grammatical means, among which double negation, modal verbs, the adverbs of degree and particles can often be encountered which are in most cases dependent on the context. From the pragmatic angle Understatement can be used to conceal embarrassment, anxiety or offence. Moreover, Understatement is used while singling out the positive aspects of the communicative situation. The understatement of the positive characteristics of the speaker is reflected in the so called «effect of modesty », which finally boils down to such a strategy as «fishing for compliments», that is an intentional understatement of one’s positive qualities in order to «fish for compliments». Understatement used to and continues to play a special role in the English speech behavior. Its aim is to minimize the impact of the negative factors on the message addressee, to lower the categoricity of the utterance and to take the interlocutor’s interests into account.

‘How was your weekend?’: developing the interactional competence in managing routine inquiries

Given the cross-cultural differences underlying interactional routines such as ‘How are you?’ or ‘How was your weekend?’, managing such routine inquiries can be problematic for second language learners. Based on data from an adult ESL (English as a second language) class, this conversation analytic study shows how learners develop their competence in mastering the sociopragmatic and pragmalinguistic aspects of certain interactional routines in English over the span of nine weeks. Through detailed analyses of teacher–learner interactions, I show what is being ‘taught’, how it is done, and what evidence of development may be garnered. Findings of this study contribute to the growing interest in the development of interactional competence and, in particular, the application of conversation analysis (CA) to the study of such development.

Nesporazumi v komunikaciji

The article discusses the pragmalinguistic aspect of misunderstandings in communication. In the first part, the author establishes a theoretical framework based on the theory of the speech acts with the aim to define various types of meaning. What follows is the central problem of the present research: to clarify the concept of understanding in language use, and to define misunderstanding and different types of misunderstanding. In the final part of the article, some examples of analyses are provided to illustrate some conclusions concerning the reasons for misunderstanding.