Practice In Nigeria Research Articles

Barriers and incentives influencing the use of partograph in Nigeria: A comprehensive review.

This comprehensive review examines the barriers and incentives influencing the use of partographs in maternal healthcare within Nigeria. Maternal mortality remains a critical concern in the country, making it imperative to evaluate the factors that shape the adoption of essential tools like the partograph. The literature review underscores the global significance of partograph utilization, emphasizing its role in improving maternal outcomes. A particular focus is placed on existing studies and findings relevant to Nigeria, providing a nuanced understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by healthcare providers. The article delves into the barriers hindering the widespread adoption of partographs in Nigeria, including issues related to training, resource availability, and cultural considerations. Additionally, it explores the incentives that can positively influence healthcare practitioners and facilities to integrate partographs into their maternal care protocols. Government policies and initiatives in Nigeria related to maternal healthcare and partograph use are also analyzed, shedding light on the broader contextual factors impacting implementation. Through examining case studies, the review presents real-world examples that illustrate successful and challenging instances of partograph implementation. The article concludes with actionable recommendations to overcome identified barriers and enhance incentives for effectively integrating partographs into maternal healthcare practices in Nigeria. This study contributes valuable insights to the ongoing discourse on improving maternal healthcare, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies in the Nigerian context.

Sustainable HR management: A conceptual analysis of practices in Nigeria and the USA

Sustainable HR management: A conceptual analysis of practices in Nigeria and the USA

Radioactive Waste Management Challenges: Nigerian Case Study

Preceding the publication of the Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Act 19 of 1995 (Act) by the Justice Ministry in 1995 (Justice, 1995) and the establishment of the Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) in 2001, radioactive sources had for decades been used for various practices in Nigeria (Ogharandukun, 2017). These early activities involving radioactive sources gave rise to some legacy radioactive waste. NNRA undertook some early actions soon after its inception to ensure the safe management of this legacy radioactive waste. These actions, amongst other outcomes, highlighted the inadequacies of the Nigerian radioactive waste management system. The approval of radiation safety and radioactive waste management regulations enabled the NNRA to enter into national and international cooperative efforts to search for, secure, and create a proper inventory of the radioactive waste in Nigeria and effectively handle and manage it. Implementing the waste management system further highlighted the need for the approval of a national policy on radioactive waste management and the management of disused radioactive sources.

Knowledge and attitude of public primary school teachers towards child abuse reporting practices in Nigeria

Knowledge and attitude of public primary school teachers towards child abuse reporting practices in Nigeria

A Smart Irrigation Water Application System Based on Arduino Platform

Water wastage, erosion, and crop water oversaturation has always been a problem associated with irrigation practice in Nigeria. A smart irrigation system based on Arduino platform was developed in this research to address this problem. The objective of the system is to automate water application to crops and at the same time optimize the use of water resources. The system consists of an Arduino module, data logger, LCD display, water pumps, water storage, moisture sensor, USB connector, and battery. A C++ program was written for the Arduino board so sense the moisture content of the soil, deter mine the wetness status and power the pumps for water application. The results of testing the system shows that the optimal use of irrigation water by the smart irrigation system was 97% more efficient than the traditional system and it can conveniently do irrigation at the rate of 0.063m3/ha. The system is recommended for large scale use especially for dry season farming.

Integrating Indigenous and Western Health Practices as Synergy for African Development in the Globalization Era: The Nigerian Example

The health policy of colonial rule precipitated structural and institutional changes in the healthcare system of the colonized Africans, as Western medicine was imposed across Africa as a better system of health management. This development fundamentally altered the professional and practical acceptability of indigenous medicine even beyond the colonial era. The much-acclaimed theoretical incompatibility of western and indigenous medical systems is one of the major causes of the strain in the levels of acceptance between indigenous medicine and western medicine in post-colonial Africa. In the case of Nigeria, a majority of the populace, especially in the rural areas, still consult the indigenous medical care providers. This consultation is arguably as a result of some factors, including the people’s thin financial resources,the mythical belief in the therapeutic efficacy of indigenous medicine, and closeness of the indigenous healthcare centres to the patients, among others. Given this, it becomes imperative to explore the historical development and value of Adepoju Adewale Toyin and Onagun Rasheed: Integrating Indigenous and… 415 indigenous healthcare practices in Nigeria and determine the possibility of its integration with western medicine. Towards accomplishing this, we explore historical-analytic method, using primary and secondary sources to examine the current state of indigenous traditional health practice in Nigeria, identify the factors that drive (mis)communication between patient and practitioner, and suggest solutions that can be implemented to address existing challenges. In addition, with illustrations drawn from successful examples of integration of indigenous and modern health practices in developing countries, the paper argues in the context of globalization that an advantageous synergy between indigenous and western health practices is feasible as a development strategy for Africa.

Perceived Staff Motivation on the Adoption of Total Quality Management Practices in Nigeria

This study explores the relationship between employee motivation and the effective adoption of Total Quality Management (TQM) within modern organizational contexts in Nigeria. TQM, renowned for its all-encompassing strategy for continual enhancement, is widely recognized for its positive impact on product and service quality, employee involvement, and overall organizational effectiveness. Despite these well-documented benefits, the pivotal role of motivation in cultivating a TQM culture represents a critical yet insufficiently examined dimension. This study adopts a quantitative method using a closed-ended self-administered questionnaire to investigate the connections between motivation and TQM. The research focuses on assessing the levels of employee motivation within organizations practising TQM principles. It examines the resulting impact on various TQM dimensions, such as employee involvement and service quality. The findings revealed that staff motivation through intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation significantly affects the involvement of employees and the service quality of the selected deposit money banks in the Ilorin metropolis. The findings of this research highlight the importance of motivation in influencing TQM practices. Organizations should be mindful of the balance between intrinsic and extrinsic motivators to foster a work environment that promotes long-term commitment and performance. Practically, the results can guide organizations in developing and implementing strategies to motivate staff in a way that supports the successful implementation of TQM practices. The findings contributed significantly to the existing body of knowledge by elucidating the critical role motivation plays in shaping TQM practices.

Challenges and Prospects of Contemporary Nigerian Textile Design

Nigerian textile in all its ramifications is one of the oldest art practices in Nigeria. While it is worthwhile to note that textile design repertoire has been a major part of the nation’s identity, textile designers who form a considerable part of the workforce are confronted with challenges. On one hand, the current trend in globalisation has exposed textile designers to new materials and techniques as well as the potential influences of other world cultures. This paper contends that in the quest to become globalised, the traditional African cultural heritage is being sacrificed on the altar of modernization. On the other hand, the introduction of new materials and techniques counts among the instruments or tools for positive impact. It is on this premise that one can say that contemporary Nigerian textile designers alongside their designs are reminiscent or reflect a society in the cusps of change in terms of challenges and prospects. Hence, this article offers some useful knowledge on this development as it establishes the extent to which Nigerian textile designers had suffered from several inadequacies that posed as challenges. It also highlights some reasonable prospects for growth or advancement in the industry in Nigeria.

Potential and Legal Challenges of the Metaverse for Environmental Awareness and Sustainability in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis with Singapore

The Metaverse offered a novel and immersive platform where Nigerian users engaged with virtual environments that mirrored the physical world or even transcended its confines, similar to Singapore's adoption in its economy. This digital realm provided a unique opportunity for individuals and organizations to simulate and visualize the environmental consequences of human activities, thereby deepening awareness of ecological issues. Virtual reality simulations and immersive educational experiences empowered users to witness the ramifications of environmental degradation, motivating them to adopt eco-friendly practices in their daily lives. However, the realization of the Metaverse's potential for promoting environmental awareness and sustainable practices faced various legal challenges. This research employed a hybrid research approach, combining both doctrinal and non-doctrinal methods, to assess the prospects and legal issues surrounding the use of the Metaverse as a catalyst for environmental awareness and sustainability. A total of 304 questionnaires were distributed to Nigerian respondents, and data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods. The findings revealed that the burgeoning Metaverse had the potential to play a pivotal role in advancing environmental awareness and sustainable practices, contributing to the mitigation of climate change. Nonetheless, several challenges, such as data privacy, security issues, regulatory concerns related to the Metaverse, digital illiteracy, and insufficient funding for incorporating Metaverse technology, might hinder its effective utilization for promoting environmental awareness and sustainability. It was concluded that the Metaverse possessed transformative power to enhance environmental awareness and sustainable practices in Nigeria. Furthermore, drawing insights from Singapore's experiences in the Metaverse highlighted potential lessons and inspiration for Nigeria as it embarked on this journey of environmental awareness and sustainability through immersive digital experiences.

EFFECT OF WASTE ENGINE OIL ON PROXIMATE, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND ANTIBACTERIAL CONSTITUENTS OF Teffairia Occidentalis (PUMPKIN LEAF)

The improper disposal of waste engine oil effluent onto gutters, open lands, and cultivated farm lands is a common practice in Nigeria, especially among mechanics. These effluents contain substances derived from hydrocarbons that can diminish soil fertility and also influence the properties of plants. This study was consequently undertaken to examine the effects of waste engine oil on the nutritional, phytochemical, and antibacterial constituents of Telfairia occidentalis (Pumpkin leaf). Various levels (0ml, 100ml, 200ml, 300ml, and 400ml) of diesel oil contamination were mixed with 2 kilograms (kg) of soil, with each treatment replicated three times. Plants were watered daily for four months, and after 16 weeks, leaf samples were collected for laboratory analysis. The nutritional composition, phytochemical properties, and antibacterial components of the leaves were examined. The results indicated a significant reduction (P<0.05) in protein (12±0.02), fats (7±0.02), ash (15±0.25), fiber (10±0.03), and carbohydrate (10±0.25) content in the 400ml waste oil treatment compared to the control (0ml) values (protein: 38±0.01, crude fat: 25±0.13, total ash: 45±0.07, crude fiber: 36±0.15, carbohydrate: 42±0.04). Phytochemical analysis demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols as waste oil levels increased in the soil, compared to the control (0ml). The antibacterial activity screening revealed that among the various concentrations (80mg/ml, and 20mg/100 ml) of extracts studied, 80g/ 100 ml showed the highest degree of inhibition on all the test organisms. However, there was a notable reduction in inhibition as the level of waste oil pollution increased in the soil, compared to the control...

Labouring and Smiling: Re-Imagining Digital Colonialism in Africa, Silicon Valley Big Techs, and the Politics of Prosumer Capitalism in Nigeria

Does Africa suffer from the paucity of epistemic inquiry on digital capitalism, mostly, spearheaded by social media platforms within the confines of the global digital economy? The growing corpus of literature points to digital colonialism and prosumer capitalism as critical components in understanding the global digital economy. Yet, postcolonial Africa lags in the negotiation of power within the political economy dynamics of digital capitalism. Thus, in an age of big data, platformisation and extraction of human life, is there a reincarnation and excavation of colonialism of old in the form of digital prosumer capitalism in the continent? Using Nigeria as a geo-economic prism, the paper reimagines digital colonialism from a critical perspective. It seeks to discharge the underlying appropriation of economic power through digital colonialism; and show how prosumer capitalism grounds its practices in Nigeria, thereby, recentring the debate on digital economic inequalities given the global digital capitalism paradigm.

Water Resources, Pollution, Integrated Management and Practices in Nigeria – An Overview

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of Nigeria’s water landscape, focusing on its abundant surface and underground water sources and the agencies responsible for water resources development and management. Findings reveals that the country boasts vast freshwater reserves, encompassing surface and groundwater, intricate river drainage systems, numerous dams, and managed aquifer formations, primarily overseen by River Basin Development Authorities. Despite these resources, Nigeria faces severe pollution challenges, especially in the Niger Delta, resulting from oil-related activities and causing environmental degradation, health crises, and enduring ecosystem consequences. Approximately 13 million barrels of oil spills have adversely impacted coastal wetlands, mangroves, and agricultural lands. Elevated levels of heavy metal pollution, exceeding recommended guidelines, pose significant threats to public health, emphasizing the lasting impact of persistent oil spillage on fishery production and aquatic organisms. River Basin Development Authorities have made substantial contributions, challenges persist in catchment management and the indiscriminate disposal of hazardous substances. The absence of effective environmental policies necessitates urgent, coordinated action from federal and state governments. Nigeria must prioritize integrated water management practices to strike a delicate balance between resource utilization and preservation for the benefit of current and future generations. This manuscript relies on secondary sources, utilizing key search terms such as “water resources in Nigeria,” “water pollution in Nigeria,” “water supply and demand in Nigeria,” “water management in Nigeria,” and “integrated water practices in Nigeria.” Data were sourced from reputable institutions, including the Federal Ministry of Water Resources, The World Bank, United Nations Environmental Protection (UNEP), USAID’s Sustainable Water Partnership, and various scientific publications, ensuring the reliability of the presented data.

Adopting Sustainable Practice: the Benefits to the Nigerian Construction Industry

The negative impacts of construction activities on the environment have become a global concern, which has caught the attention of researchers worldwide. One medium to encourage the adoption of sustainable construction practices and curb this global menace is the identification of their benefits. Thus, this research seeks to explore the benefits of adopting sustainable practices in the Nigerian construction industry. A total of (26) benefits were extracted from an extensive review of relevant literature which was then used to formulate a well-structured questionnaire distributed to construction professionals in Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of 216 responses were received and found usable for analysis. The responses were analyzed using mean scores, factor analysis, and reliability tests. The findings showed that the major benefits of adopting sustainable construction practices in Nigeria are improved environment, clients and user satisfaction, enhanced quality of life, improved productivity, and reduced cost. The study concluded that, when the project lifecycle is taken into account, sustainable construction tends to save 18% of the total project cost, making it less expensive than conventional construction. Therefore, it is proposed that governments and construction stakeholders educate clients about the benefits of sustainable practices during building operations, as highlighted in this study, in order for them to be implemented effectively.

Does ‘Perceived’ Socio-Economic Benefits of Bribery

The main purpose of this study was to examine whether people’s perceptions of socio-economic benefits they attached to bribery practices persist the practices in Abuja, Nigeria. The focus of prior studies has been on negative perception of bribery practices in the world. This study relies on the economic process theory as a theoretical framework. A multi-stage sampling method was used to identify the respondents in the study area. The study employed survey questionnaire to collect the data. A total of 1000 questionnaire were distributed, out of which 836 valid responses were collected. The valid responses were analyzed using multiple regression method. The findings of the study indicated that people’s perceptions on socio-economic benefits of bribery practices significantly persist the practices in Nigeria. The study recommends that an intensive campaign should be carried out by the government and the civil society organizations to change people’s perception of bribery practices in Nigeria.

Gendered livelihoods and the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices in Nigeria

Feminist research maintains that livelihood activities are socially differentiated. While gendered unevenness in livelihood opportunities may condition the agricultural adaptive capacities of male-headed households (MHHs) and female-headed households (FHHs) to climate change, the gendered dimensions of livelihood activities have not been addressed in much of the climate-smart agriculture practices (CSAPs) adoption literature. This paper expands feminist livelihood research by analysing gendered dimensions of livelihood activities and their relation to the adoption and intensity of the use of CSAPs. The analysis draws on a nationally representative Living Standards Measurement Survey - Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) panel dataset from Nigeria. The research findings show that a significantly higher percentage of FHHs (51%) are involved in on-farm activities compared to their MHHs (38%) counterparts (p < 0.01). The results further show that gendered household headship (HH) is significantly associated with the adoption of CSAPs. Moreover, based on a feminist approach to livelihoods, we find that livelihood diversification moderates the relationship between gendered HH and CSAP adoption intensity. This suggests that FHHs with more livelihood opportunities have a greater probability of adopting a greater number of CSAPs than MHHs. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for the promotion of CSAPs and sheds light on how the Nigerian government can formulate gender-sensitive policies to promote the adoption of CSAPs.

Management of primary childhood glaucoma: Evaluation of practice, practice gaps, and needs in a low-resource country

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the current practice, equipment availability, and training needs for managing childhood glaucoma in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire (Google Forms) was distributed through E-mails and social media platforms of pediatric ophthalmologists and glaucoma specialists who practice in Nigeria and manage glaucoma in children aged 0–16 years. Information concerning sociodemographic characteristics, type of practice, location of practice, years of practice, status, and preferred practices in the management of childhood glaucoma cataracts were obtained and analyzed with SPSS. Results: Thirty (23.3%) out of 129 eligible participants indicated they perform glaucoma surgeries in children. The majority (66.6%) had practiced as specialists for 10 years or less, and 70% were pediatric ophthalmologists. A third of the respondents practiced in the country’s southwest region, with none in the Northeast region. The most common surgery performed for primary congenital glaucoma was combined trabeculotomy trabeculectomy, while trabeculectomy was the most common surgery performed for juvenile open-angle glaucoma. Two respondents reported performing glaucoma drainage device surgery and seven reported possessions of skills for goniotomy. All centers had trabeculectomy instrument sets, while three centers had facilities for endolaser cyclophotocoagulation, and only two centers had knives for goniotomy. Antimetabolites were routinely used for childhood glaucoma surgeries by 26 (86.7%) respondents, and the most common antimetabolite used was mitomycin (21; 80.8%). Conclusion: There is a need for the development of in-country training programs and the exchange of skills through collaboration among those providing glaucoma services within Nigeria to improve the care of children with glaucoma.

A Critical Review of Collective Bargaining Indices of Industrial Relations in Nigeria

Collective Bargaining is a process in labour relations whereby negotiation between employers and employees center on terms and conditions of service in an employment. This paper employs the use of an hybrid method of study to examines how Collective Bargaining has helped in no small measures in absence of industrial democracy structure being the only form and indices which exist in our labour law structure. Further examine the concept of collective bargaining, it practice in Nigeria, its benefits and how it has created an indices for democratic governance in our labour relation as in most legal research, the paper adopted both doctrinal and non-doctrinal (203 questionnaire were distributed) method of legal research, it was contended that the paper concluded that collective bargaining should be an indices of industrial democracy in Nigeria labour relations, the paper concludes that the practice of industrial democracy will strengthened in the work place and its recommended that a separate legal frame work should be put in place amongst other things to ensure the practice of industrial democracy in Nigeria. Keywords: Collective Bargaining, Industrial Relations, Indices of Industrial Relations, Industrial Democracy, Labour Relations

Sacrifice in Judaism and its Challenges to Christian Religious Worship in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis

This comparative analysis explores the concept of sacrifice in Judaism and its challenges to Christian religious worship in Nigeria. Sacrifice holds significance in both faith traditions, influencing worship practices in diverse ways. The study focuses on theological implications, historical contexts, and contemporary relevance of sacrificial practices in Judaism and Christianity. In Judaism, sacrifice historically played a central role in religious worship, with rituals of animal offerings serving as means of atonement, thanksgiving, and communion with God. The Hebrew Bible outlines detailed instructions for sacrificial practices, emphasizing purity, obedience, and spiritual intent. However, with the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, the practice of animal sacrifice ceased, leading to new interpretations of sacrifice within Jewish theology. In Nigeria, Christianity has become dominant, coexisting with traditional religious practices involving sacrificial offerings to deities and spirits. The introduction of Christianity in Nigeria has presented challenges to traditional sacrificial practices, resulting in theological debates, cultural conflicts, and shifts in religious identity among Nigerian Christians. The tension between traditional sacrificial rituals and Christian teachings on sacrifice has influenced religious worship practices in Nigeria, showcasing the complexities of religious syncretism and cultural adaptation. This analysis examines the challenges that the concept of sacrifice poses to Christian religious worship in Nigeria, exploring how the legacy of sacrificial practices in Judaism influences Christian perspectives on sacrifice, redemption, and divine worship. By comparing sacrificial traditions in Judaism and Christianity, this study aims to deepen understanding of how religious beliefs, cultural traditions, and theological perspectives interact and evolve in diverse religious contexts. Keywords: Sacrifice, Judaism, Christianity, Religious Worship, Nigeria, Comparative Analysis, Theology, Rituals, Syncretism, Cultural Adaptation

Challenges and Impact of Male Midwives in the Improvement of Midwifery Practice in Nigeria

This study explores the Challenges and Impact of Male Midwives in the Improvement of Midwifery Practice in Nigeria. Midwifery practice in Nigeria has been a cornerstone of maternal and newborn healthcare for decades, primarily carried out by female midwives. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), midwives in Nigeria provide essential services such as antenatal care, skilled birth attendance, and postnatal care, contributing significantly to improving maternal and infant health outcomes. Materials and Methods: Literature search was conducted from empirical studies utilising 4 database: PubMed, Goggle scholar, Semantics scholar, Research gate using the keywords, male midwives, maternal and child health, male involvement, male midwifery education, gender issues in midwifery. The study analyzed the importance of males in midwifery practice, challenges faced by male midwives and male willingness to involve in midwifery practice. These challenges faced by male midwives in Nigeria may include, overcoming societal norms, navigating gender biases, and addressing workplace dynamics. While specific studies on this topic in Nigeria is limited, broadening the scope of research may help shed light on potential challenges. Conclusion: In conclusion, implementing these strategies in a coordinated manner will enable policymakers, healthcare leaders, and advocacy groups work together to promote gender equality in midwifery practice and create a more inclusive and supportive healthcare environment for all.

Facing the challenges of gynaecological endoscopic surgical practice in Nigeria: A review

Background: The scope of gynaecological endoscopy in Nigeria is expanding as more experience is gained with training and collaborations. However, this advancement is limited by multi-faceted challenges, especially in our sub region. Objectives: To evaluate the experiences and challenges of gynaecologic endoscopic surgical practice in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: An electronic literature search of all articles published on gynaecologic endoscopic surgery in Nigeria between 1984 and 2023 was conducted using High wire, Google, Google scholar, PubMed, Hinari, Web of Science and Springer Link. All relevant peer-reviewed articles and publications were identified, retrieved, and reviewed. Telephone and face-to-face interviews with Endoscopic surgeons from public and private institutions across the country were conducted as it related to challenges and experiences of practice. Data was collated in a pre-structured spreadsheet and analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. Results are presented as frequency tables and percentages. Results: The study identified lack of public awareness, socio-cultural, economic, low budgetary allocation to healthcare, decline in national infrastructure, conflict, and insecurity as non-institutional challenges. The institutional challenges reported were limited number of public institutions offering gynaecological endoscopic services, with practice more in private hospitals. Conclusion: Gynaecological endoscopic practice is largely suboptimal due to limited facilities and personnel, as well as a lack of political will. Efforts should be made to address these challenges and to proffer potential solutions that will improve healthcare delivery to women.