Power Support Research Articles

On the Question of the Polish-Japanese Military Alliance against the USSR in 1922-1939

The article is devoted to the problem of the existence of a secret Polish-Japanese military agreement, which was allegedly concluded in 1931 and directed against the Soviet Union, which has long been debated in Russian historical science. The first message that Warsaw and Tokyo had concluded a secret military alliance was received by the Soviet military-political leadership through the foreign intelligence of state security agencies, citing a reliable source in March 1932. Information about this was received in Moscow for several more years, so the probability of a simultaneous attack against our country by Japan and Poland was laid by the Soviet General Staff in the plans for the strategic deployment of the Armed Forces up to 1939. However, an analysis of the surviving documents of the Polish and Japanese military authorities indicates that there were no agreements between Warsaw and Tokyo on conducting joint military operations against the Soviet Union. Poland, in the event of a conflict, hoped to rely on military assistance from France and Romania on the basis of interstate agreements of 1921. Japan in 1922-1939 had no allies in Europe, so its operational planning did not provide for the support of a third power, but was based on the principle of elastic defense in the north and west of Manchuria with simultaneous counterattack on the Soviet grouping of troops in the Ussuri Region. Nevertheless, in 1922-1939, the military departments of Warsaw and Tokyo carried out close cooperation in the field of intelligence and counterintelligence, thanks to which a powerful decryption service was created in Japan. In addition, Japanese officers were trained in the Polish army.

Борьба сербов в Австрии против унии в XVIII веке

The author examines the position of the Serbian people and the Orthodox Church under Austrian rule since the end of the Holy League war with Turkey from the end of the 17th century to the era of Josephism. After having settled in Austria, the Serbs were exposed to the assimilation policy of the authorities, the main instrument of which was the union with the Roman Catholic Church imposed on the Serbs. The sources for the study were normative and administrative acts of authorities at various levels, decisions of the Serbian people's church councils, official and private correspondence, as well as previously unpublished diplomatic documents from the fund of the Russian embassy in Vienna. The article identifies the main directions of the state policy and the Roman Catholic Church towards the Serbs and analyzes Serbian response. It is concluded that the inhabitants of the cities greatly resisted the union while, while the Orthodox bishops showed a tendency to compromise with the authorities. In the struggle against the union, the Serbs tried to apply for the support of the largest Orthodox power. Russia, for its part, provided assistance to the Serbs, and its volume was largely determined by the position and personal views on the "Serbian issue" of the Russian am­bas­sadors in Vienna. In conclusion, it is emphasized that thanks to the active position of the Ser­bian urban class and patronage from Russia, the Austrian Serbs managed to maintain their adherence to the faith of their ancestors and the independence of their church throughout the 18th century. This became the key to preserving their national and cultural identity in an alien, foreign environment.

Promena značaja vojne moći - primer Hladnog rata

During the Cold War, the state and defense against military challenges, risks and threats were at the center of the concept of security. Increasing military capabilities was an imperative to step up security. There was a constant drive to strengthen military capabilities, which turned into an arms race. During the Cold War it became apparent that military power would not be enough to win that conflict. The armed component of the war was absent, while other, non-military aspects of the war dominated. Economic and military power had a significant impact on the final outcome of the war. Culture, political values and foreign policy credibility became the main contents of power and influence. For the first time in history, a major war ended without a shot being fired and the victory was not the result of the use of military power. The high military costs of the USSR in the Cold War, especially the high cost of the arms race, produced economic stagnation and reduced the technological level of the general development of society, as the basis on which the country's foreign policy success is achieved. A country's economic growth must be balanced against its goals in military engagements, including those in which major powers have expansionist goals beyond their borders. When great powers tend to expand too much, their internal strength weakens. The excessive expansion and excessive goals of the USSR led to the allocation of over 25% of the national product for the needs of military expenses, which slowed down and eventually stopped economic growth. The allocation of a large part of the national income for military purposes produced great consequences to the development of other forms of power necessary for commercial purposes. Military power lost its importance during the Cold War. With the development of capitalism, states developed other types of power with which they could relativize the importance and diminish the role of military power in relation to their opponent. Strong and powerful states primarily have such opportunities due to their high capacities of total power that they can convert and use adequately at a given moment. Military power has by no means been overcome, but it has proven to be effective and usable in interaction with other forms of power, as a suitable support for smart power, when it has the ability to lead to the desired outcome.

Аналіз даних із використанням генеративного штучного інтелекту: можливості та виклики

The article examines topical issues of using generative artificial intelligence, in particular large language models ChatGPT and Claude, for data analysis. The essence of the term «artificial intelligence» changes over time. And if earlier, when using this term, was talked about expert systems, machine learning, etc., now this term means primarily large language models, among which the most famous are ChatGPT, Claude, Bing, Bard. These models allow you to generate texts, images, audio, and video based on user requests. The purpose of the article is to explore the opportunities and challenges of using ChatGPT and Claude in data analysis based on existing publications and our own experience. After all, the ability of large language models to communicate in natural language makes them a powerful analytics tool. The paper considers aspects of the main stages of data analysis in the context of the use of large language models: obtaining, collecting and loading input data, their pre-processing, application of mathematical models, visualization and interpretation of results. Practical recommendations for formulating requests to ChatGPT and Claude at each stage of data analysis are provided. It is noted that ChatGPT, thanks to the built-in Advanced Data Analysis service, allows an effectively analysis of data, powered by Python language. This provides higher accuracy of results compared to other large language models. Using a conditional example, a comparison of the capabilities of ChatGPT and Claude in data analysis is carried out. It is shown that ChatGPT allows you to build dependency models, generate graphs and give meaningful explanations of the results obtained. At the same time, Claude’s capabilities in data analysis are quite limited. It is concluded that ChatGPT has significantly greater potential for data analysis compared to Claude and other chatbots. However, so far, large language models cannot completely replace data analysts and powerful decision support systems. In further research, it is proposed to focus on the study of the practical application of the capabilities of ChatGPT and, in particular, its Advanced Data Analysis service to solve various data analysis problems.

ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ И УГРОЗЫ РАСШИРЕНИЯ BRICS В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО КРИЗИСА

One of the debatable issues and the purpose of this article is the theoretical justification of the opportunities and threats of the expansion of the BRICS group. In this study, realism is considered an adequate model for studying the multidimensionality of social problems. He assumes that the world exists independently of human knowledge about it, and social facts and structures are determined by social forces caused by directed synthesis, which is a way of creative reconstruction of existing reality. The importance of BRICS is justified in the face of arguments that these countries are becoming the world's largest economies, the largest producers, the largest consumer market, the largest reservoir of labor, etc., and, consequently, one of the largest economic players determining the shape and rules of the world economy. The article describes the reasons that influenced the desire of more than 40 countries to become members of the BRICS, which indicates the political, economic and social attractiveness of the group. The expansion of the group into six states will strengthen political influence, economic power, and mutual support, as BRICS tries to become a counterweight to the West, and expansion against the background of tensions between China and the United States and the consequences of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine can give the bloc more weight and accelerate global reforms. At the same time, there are threats to such expansion, primarily internal contradictions, heterogeneity of levels of socio-economic development and strategic goals. It is shown that in order to realize the potential of the BRICS and its expansion, to reduce possible risks, it is necessary to form a solid institutional framework for the interaction of heterogeneous members of the group.

Improving SVM performance for type II diabetes prediction with an improved non-linear kernel: Insights from the PIMA dataset

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affects a significant portion of the worldwide people. Prediction of this disease using different machine learning (ML) based algorithms has gained substantial attention due to its potential for early detection and effective intervention. One of the most powerful ML algorithm support vector machines (SVM) has proven to be effective in a variety of classification tasks, including diabetes prediction. However, the kernel function chosen has a substantial effect on the performance of SVM classifiers. This paper proposes an improved non-linear kernel for the SVM model to enhance Type 2 diabetes classification. The new kernel uses radial basis function (RBF) and RBF city block kernels that enable SVM to learn complex decision boundaries and adapt to the intricacies of the PIMA dataset. The PIMA dataset contains various clinical and demographic features of individuals. To address missing values and outliers, we impute them using the median, ensuring the integrity of the dataset. We tackle the class imbalance issue by leveraging a robust synthetic-based over-sampling approach.A comparative analysis is performed against several existing kernel functions to show that the proposed approach is superior in terms of various prediction evaluation matrices. Our recommended integrated kernel model also showed improved performance (ACC = 85.5, Recall = 87.0, Precision = 83.4, F1 score = 85.2, and AUC = 85.5) when compared to other approaches in the literature. The results of this study indicate that the proposed non-linear kernel in SVM outperforms existing kernel functions for predicting Type 2 diabetes using the PIMA dataset. Furthermore, a simulation study is carried out to robustify the proposed kernel in SVM and perform well. The improved accuracy and robustness of the model suggest its potential utility in clinical settings, aiding in the early identification and management of individuals at risk for developing diabetes.

54-Pulse VSC Based High-Power Grid Interfaced Solar PV Plant With DC-Coupled Battery Energy Storage and Distributed MPPT

This article presents a solar photovoltaic plant with dc-coupled battery energy storage (BES) system configured with a high-power 54-pulse voltage source converter (VSC) and distributed maximum power point tracking boost dc–dc converters. Dc-coupled BES allows storing excess solar energy and dispatching the same during nonsolar hours, thus improving VSC utilization and reducing the payback period. The 54-pulse VSC is configured with three sets of identical 18-pulse VSCs, which are developed with two-level converters and a medium voltage (MV) transformer. The MV transformer is configured with series-connected different phase-shifted zigzag and star primary windings and delta secondary windings. The VSC configuration has lower voltage and current harmonics, and reduces switching losses. The 54-pulse VSC is operated with 90–110% of voltage variation to provide 0–100% of nominal reactive power (capacitive and reactive) support to the grid. The solar PV-BES plant is simulated in MATLAB-Simulink and then real-time implementation is done in OPAL-RT to evaluate its steady state, harmonics, and dynamic responses.

Features of innovative activities in Ukraine in the conditions of war

This article reflects the peculiarities of the innovative activities’ implementation in Ukraine in the conditions of war. The main content of innovative activity in the country during the war is described in such tasks as: 1) research of normative and legal provisions of innovative activity implementation in Ukraine during the war; 2) mark the main state strategic spheres and branches, where innovative types of activities are primarily used; 3) presentation of the general strategy and main directions of the plan regarding the innovative activities implementation in Ukraine during the war; 4) the dynamics analysis of the results activity indicators results in Ukraine during peacetime and wartime periods; 5) the formulation of the key provisions on the main priorities of «innovative production» in Ukraine in wartime. Next research methods have been used in this article: the method of researching the regulatory and legal framework regarding the innovative activities implementation in Ukraine; statistical method of evaluating the results of innovative activity indicators of Ukraine; analysis method and fusion regarding changes in the innovative activity state in Ukraine; a comparing method the state of innovative activity in the country in peacetime vs wartime periods, etc. The author of this study defined the following basic provisions: 1) innovative activity is an important factor in ensuring the development of the country and its business environment in modern conditions; 2) innovative activity is a significant condition for maintaining one’s own business positions in modern competition; 3) innovative activity is a way of maintaining one’s own financial stability and forming an internal financial and business balance for the country. It is noted that for a country that is in a state of full-scale war, the main areas of innovative activity are concentrated in such strategic areas as: 1) the field of energy; 2) strategic industries; 3) agro-industrial complex; 4) medicine; 5) environmental protection; 6) development of modern information and communication technologies; 7) robotics, etc. These industries are decisive for supporting the «life» of the country: ensuring support for the development of the economy, preserving the financial and economic potential, promoting the formation of a sufficient level of financial and economic security, etc. It was found that the state of innovative activity in Ukraine is quite active and occupies a significant share. Factors such as a pandemic and a full-scale war had a significant impact on this situation. After all, these crisis phenomena required the country’s government to provide quick and effective measures to eliminate their consequences. This should also include powerful international support of the state: provision of tranches, provision of defense aid, provision of social and financial support, etc. Consequently, the sphere of innovative activity in Ukraine is gaining significant momentum in its new stage of transformation.

Affinely Adjustable Robust Volt/VAr Control Without Centralized Computations

This paper proposes a completely non-centralized Volt/VAr control (VVC) algorithm for active distribution networks which are faced with voltage magnitude violations due to the high penetration of solar photovoltaics (PVs). The proposed VVC algorithm employs a two-stage architecture where the settings of the classical voltage control devices (VCDs) are decided in the first stage through a distributed optimization engine powered by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). In contrast, the PV smart inverters are instructed in the second stage through linear Q(P) decision rules - which are computed in a decentralized manner by leveraging robust optimization theory. The key to this non-centralized VVC routine is a proposed network partition methodology (NPM) which uses an electrical distance metric based on node <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$Q-|V|^{2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> sensitivities for computing an intermediate reduced graph of the network, which is subsequently divided into the final partitions using the spectral clustering technique. As a result, the final network partitions are connected, stable, close in cardinality, contain at least one PV inverter for zonal reactive power support, and are sufficiently decoupled from each other. Numerical results on the UKGDS-95 and IEEE-123 bus systems show that the non-centralized solutions match closely with the centralized robust VVC schemes, thereby significantly reducing the voltage violations compared to the traditional deterministic VVC routines.

A Five-Level Switched-Capacitor Based Transformerless Inverter With Boosting Capability for Grid-Tied PV Applications

Transformerless grid-connected inverters have attained a lot of research interest in renewable energy interface applications, due to certain promising properties like greater efficiency, light weight, affordable price, and tolerable power density. Among various types of transformerless grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) inverters, multilevel inverters (MLIs) are mostly popular due to their ability to transmit reactive power, small filter size for reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) and their common-ground (CG) configuration to mitigate the detrimental leakage current due to the parasitic capacitances of the PV array. Again, among different types of MLIs for PV systems, switched-capacitor (SC) based multilevel inverter topologies are the burning topic in current decades due to their single source requirements for producing multilevel output voltage. However, for mostly used single-phase five-level inverters, most of the existing SC based topology requires at least two SCs for power conversion. In this paper, a five-level transformerless inverter based on a single SC is proposed, requiring only seven switches, no diode, a single capacitor, and one dc voltage source. The proposed transformerless MLI also has auto-boosting capability. Notably, the number of power switches operating at high frequency is limited to three, which lowers down the switching losses of the inverter. Rather than a new single SC based five-level transformerless inverter topology, a control scheme is also presented to inject a precisely regulated current into the grid that can govern both the active and reactive power support modes. In-depth comparisons between the proposed and cutting-edge MLIs are also provided. All these claims are validated through MATLAB/Simulink and PLECS computer simulation environments. A laboratory-scaled prototype is also built and tested to support the simulated claims further and validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed five-level transformerless inverter topology.

The Role of EV Parking Lots for Supporting the Distribution System Operation Considering EV Uncertainties

Due to the dramatic increase in the penetration of the Electric Vehicle Parking Lots (EVPLs) in future, there will be a crucial challenge in the operation of the distribution systems. In this regard, the potential of the EVPLs for acting as a flexible load can be employed besides their capability to support the system with positive or negative reactive power if they are equipped with the required power electronic facilities. Our results show that EVPLs can modify their charging schedule to provide positive or negative reactive power support to improve the system condition in terms of congestion and voltage to let for deploy the cheaper generation sources that result in a decrease in total system cost. In this regard, EVPLs’ location has a very important impact on the optimal operation of the system and the amount of benefit from their active and reactive power support.

РОСІЙСЬКА АГРЕСІЯ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ ВІД 2014 РОКУ ДОНИНІ: ПОЗИЦІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДИПЛОМАТІЇ

This article is devoted to the modern Russian-Ukrainian war, which began in February 2014 and is still ongoing. In this context, attention is drawn to the informational and explanatory efforts of Ukrainian diplomacy, primarily the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. The official foreign policy position of the state of Ukraine regarding the prerequisites, causes, course and consequences of Russian aggression is investigated. Mainly, the substantive activity of Ukrainian diplomacy is highlighted – the provisions, arguments, and evidence that formed the basis of the powerful support of Ukraine (as a victim of Russian aggression) by leading states and intergovernmental organizations. In order to achieve this main goal of his research, the author carefully analyzed the official portal of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. The specified ministry objectively classified Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine as a pre-planned military operation that began on February 20, 2014, with the seizure of the Crimean peninsula. Ukrainian diplomats are rightly convinced that Russia’s modern war against Ukraine is a civilizational conflict – a struggle against Russian neo-colonialism. The most important current goals of Ukraine include the liberation of the occupied territories, restoration of its territorial integrity, including the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. In addition, Russia must pay compensation for the destruction caused to Ukraine, and Russian war criminals must be properly punished. At the same time, Ukraine deserves effective international legal guarantees of its security and full membership in the European and Euro-Atlantic unions. In general, informational and educational efforts remain a priority area of activity of Ukrainian diplomacy in the conditions of Russian aggression against Ukraine.

Research on a New Rehabilitation Robot for Balance Disorders.

The treatment of patients with balance disorders is an urgent problem to be solved by the medical community. The causes of balance disorders are diverse. An aging population, traffic accidents, stroke, genetic diseases and so on are all possible factors. It has brought great pain and inconvenience to patients and their families. At present, there are two main types of assisted rehabilitation training robots for patients with balance disorders: exoskeleton robots and end robots. The exoskeleton robot is generally installed on the outside of the patient's body to follow their movement, which can support the weight of the body and provide power support to help the patient train and recover lower limb ability. The use of end robots is usually to secure the patient's foot to the motion platform and control the pedal to drive the lower limbs to conduct gait training. Such passive training is more suitable for patients with severe disorders. The patient has low awareness of active participation. This paper focuses on research on end rehabilitation training robots for balance disorders. In this paper, a robotic system for rehabilitation training of patients with balance disorders is invented. The robot body is a 9 degree of freedom (DOF) redundant series-parallel hybrid motion platform. Two sets of motion platforms with symmetrical mirror images are used together to simulate different motion modes of the human body and drive the human body to move. Each set of motion platforms is composed of a 6-DOF vestibular parallel device and a 3-DOF proprioception parallel device. It has the advantages of DOF decoupling and fast response, proposing a new structural form for the design of proprioceptive and vestibular simulation platforms. The robot's functional level can be divided into a vestibular sense module and a proprioception module according to the structure. The two modules can work independently to achieve different functions or work together to achieve complex motion and multisensory fusion. This robot is a redundant mechanism device with 9 DOFs. Through a reasonable distribution of DOF and motion, the robot's working space can be increased, and the robot's flexibility and motion performance can be improved. In this paper, a trajectory tracking control algorithm for vestibular and proprioceptive simulation is proposed, which can provide unlimited body sense training for patients within the robot's limited motion range.

Coordinated Rotor-Side Control Strategy for Doubly-Fed Wind Turbine under Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Grid Faults

In order to solve the problems of rotor overvoltage, overcurrent and DC side voltage rise caused by grid voltage drops, a coordinated control strategy based on symmetrical and asymmetrical low voltage ride through of rotor side converter of the doubly-fed generator is proposed. When the power grid voltage drops symmetrically, the generator approximate equation under steady-state conditions is no longer applicable. Considering the dynamic process of stator current excitation, according to the change of stator flux and the depth of voltage drop, the system can dynamically provide reactive power support for parallel nodes and suppress the rise of DC side voltage and rotor over-current. When the grid voltage drops asymmetrically, the positive and negative sequence components are separated in the rotating coordinate system. The doubly fed generator model is established to suppress the rotor positive sequence current and negative sequence current respectively. At the same time, the output voltage limit of the converter is discussed, and the reference value is adjusted within the allowable output voltage range. In order to adapt to the occurrence of different types of power grid faults and complex operating conditions, a fast switching module of fault type detection and rotor control mode is designed to detect the type of power grid faults and voltage drop depth in real time and switch the rotor side control mode dynamically. Finally, the simulation model of the doubly fed wind turbine is constructed in Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results verify that the proposed control strategy can improve the low-voltage ride through performance of the system when dealing with the symmetrical and asymmetric voltage drop of the power grid and identify the power grid fault type and provide the correct control strategy.

A methodology for introducing the impact of risk analysis in local railways improvements decisions

Maintaining a high-quality service at acceptable safety level is very demanding on resources for railway sector. This is even more true for local railways, where economical and organizational resources incur various limitations if compared to the case of the national network. Furthermore, due to the significant differences not only in management but also in infrastructural characteristics, the application of criteria and standards born and commonly used in the environment of national railways to local ones leads to a non-optimal use of resources and an overall reduction in the quality of service. Another limit that local railways have to face in order to standardize safety efficiency to the national network is linked to accident and Hazardous Events data occurring in the system, that could be not sufficient to define reliable forecasting models. In order to cope with all of those constraint and to optimize management strategies for local railways, this work provides a framework of a quantitative risk management methodology able support the Infrastructure Manager in decision-making process for asset development. The proposed methodology allows to quantitatively estimate the impact on risk of changes to the system and management choices, prioritizing and optimizing the intervention strategies on the system. To overcome the problems related to the lack of accidental data, the methodology allows to broad the accidental database to networks similar to the one analysed, calibrating the information according to the differences in terms of safety equipment between the systems. Moreover, through the analysis of all factors influencing the frequency and consequences of accidents and their interrelationships, the methodology provides a complete view on the level of risk associated with all parts of the system, providing powerful support for development choices and management optimization even to heterogeneous systems such as local railways.

Administrative and legal characteristics of digitization in the field of customs affairs

Customs procedures for the crossing of goods and vehicles across the border play an important role in the system of customs policy instruments. Ukraine’s international trade is developing at a rapid pace, in particular, there is an increase in the volume of imports of goods into Ukraine, in view of this, international organizations are increasing the requirements for the unhindered entry of foreign goods into the domestic market of Ukraine, therefore there is a need for constant improvement of customs control procedures in Ukraine in the field of digitalization of the customs space state&#x0D; Thus, the World Customs Organization defined approaches to speeding up and simplifying customs procedures in its program documents – the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures, Framework Standards for Security and Facilitation of World Trade. Since Ukraine aspires to full membership in the EU, the course of its customs policy should be aimed at improving the digitalization system atcustoms.&#x0D; It is quite obvious that speeding up and simplifying customs procedures is not possible with the use of old technologies based on paper documents. Here, information customs technologies come to the fore, the basis of which is electronic document flow. The introduction of electronic document circulation makes it possible to significantly reduce the time for receipt, processing and decision-making regarding the movement of goods across the customs border of Ukraine, the release of goods into free circulation, reduce the risks associated with customs offenses and smuggling, which in turn will ensure the growth of goods turnover, and therefore, an increase in revenues to the state budget.&#x0D; Therefore, today there is an urgent need to speed up the process of digitalization of customs policy in order to improve the effectiveness of customs procedures in Ukraine, review approaches to ensure their effectiveness and form an effective customs risk management system. The customs structure of the state must have powerful information support in the form of a qualitatively built system of information and analytical support. This can be achieved by creating a system of information modules. That is why the new stage of development of the customs system of Ukraine is impossible without the development of network information support. Information digitization of customs procedures should correspond to electronic business, trade and electronic foreign economic documents.

PLL-Less Active/Reactive Power Control of Photovoltaic Energy Source with Applying pq-Theory in Single-Phase Grid System

Converter systems are applied to manage active/reactive power control of photovoltaic (PV) source during integration with the electric grid system. The control algorithm of the conventional converter system consists of a reference generation unit, a dc-link voltage control loop, two power control loops and a phase lock loop (PLL) system. PLL unit is used to lock in phase angle of the electric grid, and to perform the coordinate transformation for calculations of the active/reactive powers. However, the control algorithm has a slow dynamic response because of utilisation of a PLL structure. In addition, additional complex mathematical computations are required with the use of a PLL algorithm. Furthermore, the interaction of the PLL and the power control loops may lead power oscillation problems under weak grid, and also result in instability of the PV system. In this study, to avoid the aforementioned issues and to enhance the power flow capability of the grid-connected PV panels, a PLL-less control algorithm in pq-theory is studied for the active/reactive power management and the grid synchronization. In addition, the mathematical formulations of the current control algorithm are presented in detail. To show the effectiveness of the PLL-less controller, a PV system model with using real PV panel groups is designed and constructed in a simulation environment. The proposed control method is tested under various operation cases such as dynamic environmental conditions, reactive power support and voltage variations. The proposed method shows efficient performance under applications of the different operation situations.

Content of the Tasks of the All-Russian School Olympiad in English: Moral Aspect

School subject Olympiads in Russia are among the most important projects in the field of education that receive powerful state support. During the preparation for the Olympiads, participants thoroughly study the curriculum. Meanwhile, successful students often go far beyond the minimum level of knowledge in their subject studies, thus preparing for research activities in higher education. However, the program documents of the Olympiads poorly regulate the instructional framework of the educational and methodological sets created. The purpose of this study is to identify the moral impact of the tasks of the Olympiad in English on schoolchildren, as well as to establish the moral potential of the content of the Olympiad. The author has studied numerous scientific materials of modern Russian researchers reflecting on the prospects of the moral aspects of education, taking into account the specifics of the English language subject. The author concludes that mastering sociocultural competence at the level declared in the Olympiad can impact the ethical education of a person, besides, excessive immersion in the values of English-speaking countries can lead to defying more traditional values. As part of the research, the materials of the Olympiad were studied and the focus was put on sociocultural phenomena that are required to be learned for successful participation in the Olympiad. The article speaks of the need to rethink approaches to the creation of the Olympiad competition materials, including the systematization of topics as part of the study of the socio-cultural characteristics of English-speaking countries.

Wind Energy Conversion System Based PMSG for Maximum Power Tracking and Grid Synchronization Using Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Control

This paper proposes an adaptive fuzzy logic based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based variable speed Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). The control algorithm, online updates the scaling factors of the Fuzzy Logic Controllers (FLCs) at a high convergence speed. The adaptive FLC is in cooperated along with field-oriented control of PMSG to track the maximum power. The WECS is connected to the grid through a back-to-back converter. The grid side inverter is controlled by voltage-oriented control along with FLC, so that power quality standards of the grid are maintained. The performance of the system is verified using MATLAB Simulink and it is validated that power coefficient of WECS abide at its optimum value with dynamic conditions in wind speed. The WECS provides full reactive power support for the system with a unity power factor operation at the grid. The active power sharing of WECS to the grid/load changes with the availability of wind power.

Comparison of the Causes of Erosion-Deposition between Yellow River, Yangtze River and Mekong River Subaqueous Deltas II: Comparative Analysis

The estuary delta is an area where human economic activities are active and natural ecological environment is fragile. With global change and the intensification of human activities, coastal and seabed erosion around the world is becoming more and more serious. In this paper, we used the Delft 3D numerical simulation to compare the hydrodynamic effects of sediment transport paths in the Yellow River delta (river-controlled type), Yangtze River delta (tidal type) and Mekong River delta (tidal wave type) in the East Asian monsoon area, and analyzed the causes of accumulation erosion landform distribution in three different types of subaqueous deltas. This study finds the Yellow River Delta has experienced varying degrees of erosion at the estuary, but its subaqueous delta is still dominated by deposition; the Yangtze River Delta has ensured the stability of its shoreline under the influence of artificial shoreline reinforcement, but the subaqueous delta (water depth: 0–15 m) is in a state of erosion all year round; and in the Mekong River Delta the erosion occurs in both its shoreline and subaqueous delta. Additionally, only by analyzing the erosion and deposition within the transport range of resuspended sediment, the changes in the properties of the entire subaqueous delta could be recognized. The research results can not only be helpful to analyze whether the change of river sediment will lead to the change of delta type under human influence, but also provide more powerful scientific support for the protection of delta ecological environment, geological environment safety and geological disaster prevention.