Crowd-streaming by poverty-stricken entrepreneurs: Can poverty-as-comparison enhance poverty alleviation efforts?

Total economic value and poverty alleviation contribution of mangrove ecosystem services in a West African Ramsar site: A hybrid valuation approach

Configuring psychological and infrastructural resources for poverty reduction: A hybrid PLS-SEM/fsQCA analysis of women's digital entrepreneurship.

Decoupling energy poverty alleviation from carbon emissions in China: Urban–rural differences and driving mechanisms

Uncovering the climate vulnerability of China’s poverty alleviation frontiers

This study aims to analyze the integration of the Family Hope Program (Program Keluarga Harapan/PKH) into regional development planning and its influence on the effectiveness of poverty alleviation in Tangerang City. Urban poverty is characterized by complex and dynamic challenges, requiring integrated, adaptive, and sustainable policy interventions. This research employs a qualitative approach using a descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, and were systematically analyzed to examine the implementation of PKH within the regional development planning framework. The findings indicate that PKH has become an important instrument in the local poverty reduction strategy; however, its integration into regional development planning documents remains suboptimal. Coordination among government agencies through the Regional Poverty Alleviation Coordination Team (TKPK) has been implemented, although challenges persist in data synchronization, beneficiary data validity, and program implementation. The program has contributed to improving beneficiaries’ access to education and healthcare services. Therefore, strengthening policy integration, improving data management systems, and promoting innovation in regional development planning are essential to enhance the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of poverty alleviation efforts.

Limited utilization of healthcare services remains a persistent challenge for poor populations in many countries. This study examines the impact of China's Poverty Alleviation Relocation Program (PARP) on healthcare utilization, utilizing panel data from rural households in 16 counties across eight provinces. Employing a difference-in-differences (DID) framework, we find that relocation leads to a 24.6% increase in clinic visits and a 36.9% increase in hospital visits per household, helping prevent minor illnesses from escalating. Despite higher utilization, relocation does not significantly raise total medical expenditure, out-of-pocket medical costs, or reimbursement levels, due to reduced per-visit costs. Mechanism analysis suggests that relocation improves access to healthcare facilities and boosts household income. Our findings highlight the critical role of combining housing mobility with healthcare system improvements to promote healthcare equity, offering important insights for the design of poverty alleviation strategies in other developing country contexts where access to healthcare remains a critical constraint.

The aim of this research is to analyze the determinants of social capital of the Lease Islands Group community as an effort to alleviate poverty in Maluku Province. The problem is focused on the number of poor people in Maluku Province as of September 2021 reached 16.3%. This makes Maluku slump as the 4th poorest province in Indonesia. This problem can hinder the achievement of the objectives of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2009 concerning Social Welfare. In order to approach this problem, a theoretical reference is used. This research uses qualitative descriptive methods, data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the research show that there are 2 (two) determinants of social capital in the Lease Islands Group community. Firstly, the Tuahaha bond, namely the bond of cooperation and solidarity based on common origins. Second, kinship networks are referred to as "eyes of the house", so that current poverty alleviation efforts are formulated by utilizing the availability of social capital that exists in community groups as energy or capacity to increase networks.

The United Nations(UN) has always been a core force in promoting global sustainable development, drawing research interest from scholars in various academic fields. The UN General Debate Corpus (UNGDC) is widely adopted in research on diplomatic affairs and economic topics, but few studies have used it to track how sustainability-related topics have changed over time. This research addresses this research gap by using keyword analysis and word collocation network methods to explore how sustainable development has been discussed in UNGDC speeches across fifty years (1972–2024). The research results show obvious thematic changes divided into four clear stages: the early stage (1972–1992) focusing on peace maintenance and institutional fairness; the post-Cold War stage (1992–2000) aiming to build global governance rules, resolve international conflicts and incorporate basic environmental concerns into global issues; the Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) period (2000–2015) focusing on measurable goals for poverty elimination, public health improvement and climate protection; and the latest stage (2015–2024) featuring an integrated development model that combines climate action, public health safety and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). One major research result is that global sustainability research and practice have formed a systematic thinking mode, in which discussions on climate action, SDGs and health security are closely connected with each other. This discovery of thematic integration provides a clear reference for policy makers to formulate unified policies to deal with complicated and interrelated global problems.

ABSTRACT Fish farming is a part of the agricultural sector that provides economic, social, and ecosystem functions that are important for reducing food and nutrition insecurity for the poorest and most marginalized groups around the world and particularly crucial for poverty reduction in African countries. While many studies are preoccupied with developed countries, there is less research focusing on Sub‐Saharan Africa. In Ethiopia, research on the governance of fishing management is relatively scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the implications of environmental governance for fishing management. Purposive and convenience sampling were used to select respondents. Survey data were collected from 180 fishers, with three key informants. Principal component analysis (PCA) and factor analysis (FA) were used to analyze the quantitative data. The results show a low level of environmental governance practices in the two study areas, a lack of attention to the fishing sector, political instability being the major challenge in one of the study areas, top‐down governance approach, and fishing as a characteristic of poverty. We argue that strong political drive, capacity, and stability are crucial for effective environmental and governance. Interactive governance of natural resource systems, adaptive and collaborative environmental governance are needed to promote sustainable fishery management across Africa. Insights from this study can contribute to the implementation of a new framework for future sustainable fishing management. The proposed framework critically engages with the challenges and interventions that are needed to positively influence fishing management and can fill current geographical and topical research gaps.

Background: malnutrition in throughout early childhood remains the important health problem in Iraq and it’s a disorder which arises when a child consumes insufficient or excessive amount of one or more of the nutrients, significantly leading to health problems. Aim :To estimate the prevalence of malnutrition and its contributed socio-demographic, economic, and health-related factors among children under six years attending a major hospital outpatient department in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in hospital setting between March 2025 to July 2025. A systematic random sample of 420 child-caregiver pairs was selected. Information were collected using structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. The nutritional status was categorised based on WHO Growth Standards. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses was carried out to estimate factors associated with malnutrition . Results: Any malnutrition (stunting, wasting, or underweight) was 30.7%. Stunting was most commonly observed (14.8%), then underweight (11.7%) and wasting (7.9%). On bivariate analysis, low family income (p=0.024) was significantly associated with malnutrition (χ²=9.48). Multivariate analysis confirmed low income as the strongest predictor. Children from families earning <300,000 IQD/month (aOR=2.22, 95% CI: 1.05–4.73) and 500,000–800,000 IQD/month (aOR=2.46, 95% CI: 1.15–5.28) had significantly higher odds of malnutrition versus the highest income group.Health and dietary factors were not significant independent predictors. Conclusion: Malnutrition is a potential public health problem in this population, with stunting being the primary concern. Socioeconomic status, not health or dietary practices, is the fundamental determinant. Effective interventions must therefore extend beyond nutritional education to include robust economic support and poverty alleviation programs to address the root causes.

Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) serve as a strategic institutional instrument for accelerating rural economic development and poverty alleviation in developing nations like Indonesia. This study aims to investigate the empirical impact of the BUMDes program's contribution on local community welfare, focusing on a rural setting in North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Employing a quantitative approach with a descriptive survey design, data were collected proportionally from 39 rural households. The empirical analysis was conducted using simple linear regression to examine the relationship between BUMDes program contributions and community welfare. The findings reveal that the BUMDes program's contribution is perceived to be highly effective (average score 3.65), aligning with a high level of community welfare (average score 3.58). Statistical analysis confirms a positive and significant impact, evidenced by a regression coefficient of 0.484 (t-value = 4.184 > t-table = 1.687) and a coefficient of determination (R-squared) of 32.1%. These results imply that BUMDes significantly stimulates income generation, job creation, and the expansion of local business services. The study concludes that optimizing the governance and institutional capacity of BUMDes is imperative for achieving sustainable rural welfare and empowering local economic resilience.

ABSTRACT Digital finance has the potential to accelerate progress toward SDG 1, which seeks to end poverty in all its forms and dimensions by 2030. Previous studies have delved into the effects of digital finance on poverty, however, there is a dearth of empirical studies that have specifically explored both the direct effects and the mechanism through which digital finance impacts poverty. This study, therefore, aimed to analyze how digital finance affects poverty and the underlying transmission mechanism by using panel data spanning from 2004 to 2019, covering 41 African countries. By employing the system-generalized method of moments technique to address endogeneity concerns, the study provides compelling evidence that digital finance significantly contributes to poverty reduction, regardless of gender and age cohorts. The empirical results also suggest that access to credit and its use in entrepreneurial activities are prerequisites for digital finance to reduce poverty.

This study estimates the impact of social entrepreneurship on poverty in Indonesia and its regional variation. Using Susenas and Sakernas 2014 and 2017, Social Entrepreneurship Index (SEI) is constructed at the provincial level aggregating social, economic and environmental dimensions. Key findings show the social dimension is declining while economic and environmental dimensions rise; SEI slightly declines with Java–Bali–Kalimantan leading while Eastern Indonesia lags; urban–rural SEI disparities persist; and higher SEI reduces poverty rates. The study recommends prioritizing investment in Eastern Indonesia, strengthening the social dimension, and adopting differentiated urban–rural strategies for environmental and economic improvements.

<sc></sc> This study examines the long-term evolution of multidimensional child poverty in China between 2010 and 2022 and evaluates the impact of the Targeted Poverty Alleviation (TPA) program implemented from 2014 to 2020. Using longitudinal China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data and the Alkire–Foster method, we construct a multidimensional child poverty framework covering six dimensions and fifteen indicators. We document both temporal trends in overall deprivation and shifts in its dimensional composition. To identify causal effects, we exploit poverty-line adjustments and implement a fuzzy regression-discontinuity (RD) design to estimate the local impact of TPA eligibility. The results reveal a substantial decline in the multidimensional poverty headcount over time, mainly driven by improvements in household living conditions, educational outcomes, and parent–child engagement. However, deprivation intensity among the remaining poor remains persistently high, with nutritional deprivation and digital exclusion accounting for an increasing share of multidimensional poverty. The RD estimates suggest that TPA significantly reduced vulnerable multidimensional poverty near the eligibility threshold in later years, primarily through improved living conditions. These findings underscore the need for more targeted and adaptive policy responses as the structure of child deprivation continues to evolve.

The Scottish Child Payment (SCP) is a recurring cash transfer introduced in 2021 for low-income families, unique within the United Kingdom and forming a core part of the Scottish Government's statutory child poverty reduction strategy. As a long-term, population-level intervention, the SCP presents an important opportunity to generate evidence on the impact of cash transfers. However, multiple policy changes have made evaluation design challenging. We conducted an evaluability assessment (EA) to identify feasible, policy-relevant evaluation options. Our five-stage EA approach included: (1) EA inception, (2) developing a theory of change, (3) prioritizing outcomes and identifying available data, (4) developing evaluation designs and (5) appraisal and reporting. Two stakeholder workshops, informed by evidence reviews, were held. The first refined the Scottish Government's theory of change. The second focussed on identifying priority outcomes, available data sources and suitable evaluation designs. Stakeholders reviewed a final report summarizing these options. Given extensive existing and planned qualitative research, stakeholders agreed that a quantitative evaluation should be given precedence. They agreed that child development and child and maternal health and wellbeing outcomes should be prioritized and measured using administrative data. Due to data access constraints, SCP exposure would be estimated using eligibility indicators rather than direct receipt. Evaluating effects on health inequalities for Scottish Government-identified priority family groups compared with the rest of the population was considered important, though linkage of household-level benefits data remains limited. We identified four feasible natural experimental designs: before-and-after analysis, interrupted time series (ITS), controlled ITS and regression discontinuity design (RDD). Each design may be suited to different questions, populations and outcome types, with multiple designs likely to be helpful. This EA demonstrates that a robust quantitative evaluation of the SCP is both valuable and feasible, but must be tailored to specific outcomes, implementation phases and evolving policy contexts. Linked administrative data offer strong potential, though advocating for more precise measures of SCP receipt and household socioeconomic context to explore inequalities should continue. Estimating the SCP's effect on child and maternal health should be a priority to inform the design of future poverty reduction policies.

Cash to carrots: Testing food environment mediation of cash transfer effects on children's diet in the Baby's First Years Study.

This paper investigated how entrepreneurial activity within Nigeria’s micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) sector contributes to job creation, income growth and structural poverty reduction over the period 2014–2024. Drawing on national datasets from the National Bureau of Statistics and SMEDAN, programme evaluations (YouWiN, N-Power and GEEP) and relevant empirical studies, the analysis is grounded in Schumpeterian innovation theory, the Resource-Based View and Institutional Theory to explain how firm capabilities and the enabling environment shape inclusive development outcomes. The evidence indicates that MSMEs account for 46.3% of GDP and 87.9% of formal employment in Nigeria, and that entrepreneurial engagement is positively associated with poverty reduction (r = 0.62, p &lt; 0.01). Notwithstanding these contributions, the sector is constrained by a structural financing gap estimated at US$32.2 billion, with only 4% of firms accessing formal bank credit. Although initiatives such as GEEP and the Development Bank of Nigeria have improved liquidity, persistent institutional fragmentation, limited regulatory coherence and weak monitoring and evaluation systems continue to impede scale and the durability of poverty-reduction gains. While digital and AI-enabled tools are strengthening enterprise capabilities, uneven infrastructure and access risks reproducing existing inequalities. The paper concludes that short-term grants like TraderMoni, farmermoni, conditional cash transfers and other governmental interventions, though important for relief, are insufficient for structural transformation; sustained poverty reduction requires ecosystem-oriented policy that integrates blended finance and fintech partnerships, targeted gender and youth inclusion, and regulatory simplification and evidence-based monitoring and feedback systems.

Youth entrepreneurship is widely recognized as a key driver of employment creation, poverty reduction, and sustainable economic growth. However, young people in developing countries, including Ethiopia, continue to face substantial barriers to establishing and sustaining business ventures. This study assesses the major challenges and opportunities of youth entrepreneurship in Kellem Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, with particular emphasis on institutional, economic, social, and technological factors. A mixed-methods research approach with an explanatory sequential design was employed. Quantitative data were collected from 399 youth respondents using structured questionnaires, while qualitative data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse quantitative data, and thematic analysis was applied to qualitative responses. The findings reveal that lack of access to finance, poor infrastructure, limited social support, and inadequate entrepreneurial opportunities exert significant negative effects on youth entrepreneurship. Conversely, motivation, access to business assistance services, and technology adoption show positive and statistically significant influences on youth entrepreneurial engagement. The regression model explains 45.8% of the variation in youth entrepreneurship, indicating that both challenges and opportunities jointly play an important role in shaping entrepreneurial outcomes. Although government support, training, and policy frameworks exist, their effects were found to be statistically insignificant, suggesting weaknesses in implementation and coordination. The study concludes that strengthening youth entrepreneurship in Kellem Wollega Zone requires an integrated policy approach that expands access to affordable finance, improves infrastructure, enhances business development services, promotes technology utilization, and fosters supportive social and institutional environments. These findings provide valuable evidence for policymakers, development partners, and educational institutions seeking to design targeted interventions that promote youth-led enterprise development and inclusive economic growth in Ethiopia.

ABSTRACT While poverty alleviation through relocation has been accomplished, the goal of ‘stable and rich’ remains unmet, threatening the consolidation of poverty alleviation. Enhancing follow-up support policies is therefore critical to ensure stable income growth for relocated households. This study, drawing on relocated household survey data, analyzes the impact of follow-up support policies on incomes across different relocation types and income levels. Results indicate that production assistance and skills training increased the income of rural resettled farmers by raising operating income by 2,115.79 and 1,994.14 yuan, respectively. For urban resettled farmers, skills training and community activities enhanced income primarily through wage increases of 1,736.65 and 1,957.54 yuan, respectively. Additionally, production assistance and skills training significantly benefited middle- and low-income rural relocated households, but not high-income farmers. Conversely, for urban relocated households, skills training and community activities improved income for middle- and high-income farmers, with no significant impact on low-income ones. Therefore, for rural resettlement, the government should develop local agricultural industries and provide relevant skills training to enhance productivity. For urban resettlement, it is necessary to provide skills training aligned with local enterprise demands and create public welfare positions for low-income resettled households.