PVA-assisted construction of cathode-electrolyte interface pre-desolvation strategy realizes high-performance flexible aqueous zinc ion batteries.

Enhancing sulfate-rich wastewater treatment through polyvinyl alcohol -immobilized sulfidogenic granules: Optimization of reactor configuration and bioaugmentation strategies

Synergistic in-situ structural modification and interfacial engineering of lignin toward multifunctional biodegradable films.

Oral environment targeting sutures for refractory oral wound.

Ternary network derived from polyphenol-inspired sticky nanoparticle: nanofiltration separation efficiency and end-of-life membrane regeneration potential.

High-performance epoxy composites enabled by co-modification of carbon fibers with polyvinyl alcohol, sodium lignosulfonate, and graphene oxide

Pickering emulsion of ginger essential oil stabilized by zein-tannic acid-gum Arabic ternary nanoparticles: Application in the development of active films based on xylan/sodium alginate/ polyvinyl alcohol.

An injectable ROS-responsive hydrogel comprising chondroitin sulfate@resveratrol liposome package for osteoarthritis alleviation.

pH-responsive printable conductive hydrogels loaded with ApoVs promote diabetic wound repair through oxidative stress scavenging and macrophage reprogramming.

Solvothermal one-pot synthesis of carboxylated poly (vinyl alcohol)-coated magnetite nanoparticles for high-efficiency nucleic acid extraction

Light-driven switchable polyacrylamide/chitosan-based hydrogel dressings for outdoor wound temperature regulation and enhanced skin regeneration.

A PEDOT:PSS-based hydrogel and cotton fabric-integrated solar-driven water evaporation system for sustainable freshwater-hydrovoltaic electricity cogeneration.

Development and comprehensive evaluation of Centella asiatica loaded polyvinyl alcohol films for enhanced wound healing applications

Composite cellulose-PEDOT:PSS conducting hydrogels destroy bacterial Cell wall structure for prevention of wound infection.

Tailoring multifunctional quaternized polyvinyl alcohol coatings for reverse osmosis membranes with enhanced permeability, fouling resistance and stability

Hydrogels represent an ideal for articular cartilage replacement, with hydrogel-polymer brush layered composites emerging as a promising strategy to simultaneously achieve ultra-low friction and high load-bearing capacity. However, current approaches for grafting polymer brushes from hydrogels usually require oxygen-free conditions, large volumes of polymerization solutions, and excessive monomer consumption. Herein, we developed a facile, oxygen-tolerant subsurface-initiated polymer brush grafting strategy to fabricate cartilage-mimicking layered hydrogel-polymer brush materials, using only microliter volume of monomer solution. To validate this, a mechanically robust, physically cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol)-based hydrogel with subsurface-initiated polymerization activity was designed by incorporating a tannic acid-derived cross-linkable atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator, which serves as a robust load-bearing substrate. Subsequently, polymer brushes were grafted from the subsurface of this robust hydrogel matrix with microliter solutions, yielding cartilage-mimicking layered structure with an interpenetrated polymer brush-hydrogel composite lubricating phase. Notably, the resulting materials exhibited synergistic superior lubrication, high load-bearing capacity, and excellent wear resistance, achieving a stable and ultra-low friction coefficient (COF∼0.017) over 80,000 cycles under 10 N load. This strategy greatly lowers technical barriers to the fabrication of hydrogel-polymer brush materials and further advances their practical applications in the field of articular cartilage repair and artificial joint replacement.

The current work establishes a breakthrough for the electrical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) device, utilizing biodegradable polymer and non-toxic salt. In this project, polymer electrolytes (PEs) comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN), glycerol (Gly), and various amounts of TiO2 nanofillers were prepared by solution casting. The electrolyte inserted with 3 wt% TiO2 showed the maximum DC conductivity, reaching 1.86 × 10-3 S/cm. Dielectric analysis revealed a high dielectric constant (8.5 × 106), indicating efficient charge storage. The AC conductivity pattern demonstrated a low-frequency spike and a flat region, emphasizing the direct current (DC) component. Additional tests on the highset conducting electrolyte verified that ion transport was the primary mechanism (tion = 0.976) and that the electrolyte maintained good electrochemical stability around 2.5V. This electrolyte was subsequently employed in the construction of an EDLC device. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) results revealed a non-Faradaic charge storage process characterized by an almost leaf-like profile. Galvanostatic charge-discharge curves close enough to the ideal shape with minimal voltage drop, reinforcing the device's excellent performance. The constructed EDLC exhibited strong performance, delivering 138 F/g in capacitance, with an output power of 4000 W/kg and an energy storage capacity of 17.3 Wh/kg. The Ragone plot showed high power and energy densities comparable to lead-acid and Ni-Cd batteries, highlighting its potential for rapid charge-discharge performance. Finally, the limitations of EDLC devices have been discussed.

Paper-based cultural heritage is highly sensitive to cleaning processes, requiring materials that are mechanically safe, precisely applicable, and capable of preserving fiber and surface integrity. Conventional poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels often exhibit poor dimensional stability, leading to spreading outside the targeted treatment area, and high tackiness, which can damage paper surfaces. This study presents an optimized PVA-based hydrogel incorporating cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and tartaric acid (TA), with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a plasticizer and borax as a crosslinker. The effects of different compositions and gelation methods on viscoelasticity, swelling, and water release were investigated. The abundant hydroxyl groups of CNF enhanced solvent absorption, increased swelling capacity, reduced tackiness, and improved the storage modulus of the hydrogel, while TA improved dimensional stability and PEG balanced stiffness with controlled water release. The formulation containing 4 wt% PVA, 0.3% CNF, 25% TA, 10% borax, and 1% PEG exhibited superior performance, with a storage modulus within the suitable range for cleaning (1,000–20,000 Pa), moderate swelling, low tackiness, and no residue on paper. These results highlight the contribution of nanoscale technology to hydrogel design and demonstrate the potential of the developed material as a safe and effective cleaning system for paper conservation.

Real-time and on-site monitoring of pesticide residues remains challenging due to the lack of plant-interfaced, actively enriching, and nondestructive analytical devices. Herein, we present an intelligent, plant-conformal cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-reinforced hydrogel sensor with dual-emission fluorescence for in situ quantification of the fungicide Pyrimethanil (PMT). Unlike passive substrates, the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/CNF hybrid matrix serves as a mechanically robust, active enrichment scaffold. It exhibits a highly interconnected porous architecture and excellent flexibility (fracture strain >370%), enabling stable, conformal adhesion to complex leaf surfaces. Crucially, the CNF network acts as an active enrichment scaffold, preconcentrating PMT via specific intermolecular interactions to enhance signal intensity and response kinetics. For signal transduction, in situ synthesized Eu-MOF and coordinated carbon dots (CDs) provide a stable dual-color emission, enabling a self-referencing ratiometric mechanism intrinsically resistant to light scattering and instrumental drift. Furthermore, to achieve high-fidelity quantification, a back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) is integrated and trained on multichannel optical (RGB) and compositional data sets. This AI-driven quantification accurately maps RGB features to PMT concentrations, reducing operator bias and mitigating illumination-related interference. The resulting hydrogel patches tightly conform to diverse plant surfaces, exhibit excellent mechanical robustness, and demonstrate a low detection limit of 33.46 μg·kg-1 and satisfactory recovery rates ranging from 94.0% to 104.7% in real agricultural samples. Overall, this synergistic integration of CNF-assisted chemical enrichment, dual-emission ratiometric response, and data-driven analytics establishes a robust, field-deployable platform for real-time, high-fidelity monitoring of pesticide residues, offering a promising paradigm for sustainable and intelligent agricultural diagnostics.

Mouth-Dissolving Films (MDFs) have revolutionized drug delivery systems due to a non-invasive route of administration and improved patient adherence. This article reviews the integration of novel drug delivery technologies, inventive polymers, and modern manufacturing processes into MDFs. Industrial revolution technologies such as 3D printing, electrospinning, and hot melt extrusion, enable precision, customization, and scalability for efficient production, overcoming the other conventional methods' precision limitations. Moreover, the incorporation of novel natural, synthetic, and biodegradable polymers increases the stability, mechanical properties, and environmental impact of MDFs. On the other hand, synthetic polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol, provide uniformity and control, while pullulan and xanthan gum are much more affordable natural polymers. Even though polylactic acid and polycaprolactone are more expensive biodegradable polymers, they are more environmentally beneficial. MDFs enable the integration of novel drug-delivery methods, such as hydrogels, liposomes, microspheres, and even nanoparticles, to enhance therapeutic effectiveness through improved bioavailability, enhanced absorption, and controlled release. Most importantly, the use of 3D printing technology improves all aspects of MDF production, providing us with the possibility of personalization for medicine with complicated shapes where disintegration and dose delivery are needed. This review presents an insightful perspective on the forthcoming advancements and initiatives to be upgraded in MDFs and how innovations can mitigate existing challenges in the manufacturing and delivery of MDFs. In this regard, the continuous improvement of these domains will contribute significantly towards the production of effective and convenient means of drug delivery.