Polyp-like Mass Research Articles

A Scarce Case of Sarcomatoid Bladder Carcinoma and Bladder Stone in a 58-Year-Old Man: A Case Report

BACKGROUND: Sarcomatoid bladder carcinoma is scarcely found, with most cases of bladder carcinoma due to bladder stone as a risk factor consisting of squamous cell carcinoma. Only 221 cases were reported between 1973 and 2004 of sarcomatoid bladder cancer. Therefore, this case report brings out sarcomatoid bladder carcinoma and its clinical relevance. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 58 years old Indonesian man experienced gross hematuria for 3 months, and thus finally brought to the Emergency Room (ER) where he was initiated urinary catheter and given intravenous (IV) fluid along with analgesic parenterally. Emergency abdominal radiograph assessment and blood test were made. Abdominal radiograph assessment suggests a 6 x 6 cm opacity in the bladder and several urolithiasis in the pelvic cavity. Ureum and creatinine increased in the blood test procedure. Based on the characteristic appearance and radiological findings, a diagnosis of vesicolithiasis was made. Following the diagnosis, the patient was urgently operated on (Open vesicolithotomy), and during the stone removal, there was a tangled polyp-like mass found buried underneath the stone. Histological findings of mass and surrounding lymph nodes were made and histopathologically stated the mass was sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder and it had metastated to lymph node and pelvic region. CONCLUSION: Considering hematuria in urolithiasis is frequent, the clinician should be aware of any tumor findings especially when the hematuria is massive thus emergency urolithotomy should be considered immediately.

Advances in the Study of Pathological Histology and Pathogenesis of Endometrial Polyps

Endometrial polyps (EPs) are common gynecological diseases among women of childbearing age. They are formed by the proliferation of blood vessels and connective tissue in a portion of the endometrium, resulting in the formation of a polyp-like mass that protrudes into the uterine cavity and varies in size and number. Typically, the body of the uterus is the site of implantation of these polyp-like growths, which are attached to the medial wall of the uterine cavity by a long, thin tip. Irregular vaginal bleeding is the first clinical manifestation of endometrial polyps, and it can often lead to infertility. Studies have shown that the prevalence of endometrial polyps in the female population is approximately 25.0%. With the widespread use of hysteroscopic techniques in clinical practice, knowledge and diagnosis of endometrial polyps have significantly improved. However, pathological examination remains the “gold standard” for final diagnosis in clinical practice. This article aims to review the epidemiology, pathological histology, and pathogenesis of endometrial polyps to reveal their mechanisms and characteristics more accurately and guide further clinical research and treatment. The relevant progress in recent years in this field, both domestically and internationally, is reviewed below.

Angiolipofibroma: Case report and literature re-review

Angiolipofibroma is an extremely rare triphasic mesenchymal lesion. It consists of mature adipose tissue, fibrous tissue, and vessels. Very few cases reported in the current literature. This report presents a case of a polyp-like mass in detected in routine colonoscopy screening. We also present comprehensive data of previously reported cases found throughout the world.

A Case Report of Rare Vocal Cord Hemangioendothelioma in a Paediatric Larynx.

Hemangioendothelioma (HEM) is a vascular tumour which is locally aggressive with a low-grade malignant potential. We present a rare case of HEM arising from the vocal cord of a 10-year-old female child. Video laryngoscopy clearly showed a large vocal cord polyp-like mass attached to middle one-third of left cord. Histopathological examination showed fragments of tissue with a neoplasm composed of spindle cells arranged diffusely admixed with numerous small vascular channels. These specific cells were positive for CD31, CD34, vimentin and ERG. Flexiblescopy and narrow band imaging were performed 3weeks after surgery which showed no residual mass. Treatment of HEM is hampered by lack of proper guidelines and protocol. In this case of localized vocal cord lesion, a wide excision with regular follow up is considered ideal.

A Rare Case of Large Cervical Polyp in Pregnancy Removed through a Minimally Invasive Polypectomy Procedure

A 28-year-old gravida 1, para 0 woman at 13 weeks of gestation presented to the emergency room complaining of irregular vaginal bleeding lasting over 10 days. The patient did not undergo any examination before the pregnancy, and the existence of the cervical polyps was unclear. Examination revealed no uterine contraction, and vital signs were normal. There was a large polyp-like mass in the vagina, approximately 10 cm in diameter (Fig. 1). Continuous vaginal bleeding was observed. Vaginal examination revealed that the mass protrudes from the posterior wall of the cervical canal, although the internal cervical canal was closed.

A Rare Case of Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma in the Nasal Cavity

Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS) is an extremely rare neoplasm that mainly arises from the lymphoid tissues of the immune system. Although this neoplasm typically occurs anywhere along the lymph nodes, it can also be found at extranodal sites, especially in the head and neck. We experienced a rare case of extranodal IDCS in the nasal cavity, a location that has not been previously reported. A 73-year-old woman presented with a polyp-like mass in the nasal cavity and underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. A histologic study confirmed the mass as IDCS by immunohistochemistry with S-100 antibody, and postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy was administered. Although the incidence is extremely rare, this case suggests that extranodal IDCS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nasal cavity masses.

Isolated Inverting Papilloma of the Sphenoid Sinus

Isolated inverting papilloma (IP) of the sphenoid sinus is rare, with about 50 patients reported in the English-language literature. With its rarity, scientists have paid less attention to the clinical and radiographic characteristics of isolated IPs arising from the sphenoid sinus. We describe the clinical presentation, imaging manifestations, and surgical methods of isolated IPs from the sphenoid sinus in 3 patients and review the English-language literature from 1970 to 2011. In total, 59 cases of isolated sphenoid sinus IPs (including our cases) have been reported, 40 patients with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging details. The most common presentation is headache. Lesions were found in the sphenoethmoidal recess in 26 cases. In 8 patients who underwent enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, the tumor was obviously intensified. We found 26 patients with bony destruction, and 8 lesions revealed the correct tumor origin. A polyp-like mass in the sphenoethmoidal recess strongly implied the diagnosis of an IP in the sphenoid sinus. Bony destruction on computed tomography is a common characteristic of this disease and had a close relationship with the original tumor site in our study. Malignant transformation of IPs in the sphenoid sinus is much scarcer.

Intranasal Glomus Tumor- A Case Report

A thirty five years old man, reported at ENT Department SZMC, Bogra, and sent to private laboratory in Rajshahi July 2009 with 6 month history of left sided nasal obstruction, pain and intermittent epistaxis. Physical examination revealed a large polyp-like mass protruding from left nose. Histopathology revealed the picture of glomus tumor.TAJ 2009; 22(1): 255-256

Two cases of successful treatment of early stage la endometrial carcinoma diagnosed by hysteroscopic polypectomy

Introduction: Endometrial polyps are a common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding. In some cases, premalignant or malignant lesions are identified within polyps in a biopsy or polypectomy specimen. Hysteroscopic polypectomy, a minimal invasive surgical procedure, has the added benefit of accurate pathologic diagnosis based on complete removal of the lesion. Herein we report two cases of successful treatment of stage Ia endometrial carcinoma pathologically-diagnosed by hysteroscopic polypectomy.Case: Case 1: A 49-year-old patient was referred to our hospital for a cervical polypoid lesion protruding from the external cervical os with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Ultrasound and MRI revealed a pedunculated endometrial polyp-like mass in the uterine cavity occupying the cervical canal. The histologic diagnosis after hysteroscopic resection showed an endometrial carcinoma (G2) confined to a small portion of the base of the polypoid lesion, with the prominent portion being a benign polyp. She underwent a semi-radical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy. Case 2: A 37-year-old patient with a history of secondary infertility was referred to our hospital for selective chromotubation by hysterofiberscopy, in order to clarify the hysterosonographically-diagnosed left tubal obstruction. Hysterofiberscopic examination revealed a tiny polyp without abnormal vessels in the uterine cavity, which showed well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma (G1) by hysteroscopic surgery. The patient was started on continuous oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (600 mg day for 6 months), and subsequently underwent laparoscopically-assisted myomectomy, followed by ovarian stimulation with clomiphene citrate. She gave delivered a male infant by cesarean section at 37 weeks gestation, weighing 2.3 kg.

A Case of a Natal Tooth Showing a Pediculated Polyp-like Appearance

Here, we report a rare case of a natal tooth of the lower primary incisor region associated with a pediculated polyp-like mass lesion. The lesion occurred in a 27-day-old newborn boy. Macroscopically, the natal tooth was not of uniform color and the contour of the cervix was ill-defined. Soft X-ray imaging clarified the shape but there was no root visible. Histopathologically, the natal tooth was immature and incompletely formed.

A Case of Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Nasal Septum Treated by Endoscopic Nasal Surgery

Pleomorphic adenomas usually occur in the major salivary glands, and rarely in the nasal septum.We describe here a rare case of a Pleomorphic adenoma originating from the nasal septum treated by endoscopic nasal surgery. A 77-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of epistaxis. The rhinoscopic examination showed a vascularized nasal polyp-like mass located in the nasal septum. It was elastic in consistency. Endoscopic examination revealed a smooth-surface mass measuring 2 x 2 cm in diameter. Nasal axial contrast-enhanced CT scan demonstrated a well circumscribed solid mass with a slightly enhanced rim in the right nasal cavity with no evidence of bone destruction. The patient underwent adequate surgical excision using nasal endoscopy. On histologic examination, the specimen was found to be a pleomorphic adenoma. Thereafter, the patients showed no evidence of recurrence at more than one year later. It is concluded that endoscopic nasal surgery is a useful option for a pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal cavity.

Paraganglioma in the nasal cavity

Paragangliomas, uncommon tumors in the head and neck region, are especially rare in the nasal cavity. The authors have experienced a case of nonchromaffin paraganglioma in the nasal cavity. To our knowledge, this case report is the 3rd in Japan and there have been seventeen reported cases in the literature. The patient, a 16-year-old man, had complained of left recurrent epistaxis since December 1994 and was referred to our hospital in May 1995. On physical examination, a polyp-like mass was noted on the anterior surface of the left middle turbinate.The mass had a rich capillary network and tended to bleed easily. Paranasal sinuses x-rays were normal, except a tumor-like shadow found in the left nasal cavity. Computed tomography demonstrated a small mass in the left nasal cavity and marked contrast enhancement. After external carotid angiography and embolization, a surgical operation was done. Histopathological diagnosis of paraganglioma was made because of the typical finding of “Zellballen” pattern.Paraganglioma is a benign tumor but has the potential of local recurrence, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis, so it requires a long-term follow-up.

鼻腔内に突出した前頭蓋底髄膜脳りゅう例

A polyp-like mass was found in the left nasal cavity of a 5-year-old girl with acute otitis media. She had had tetanic seizures several months earlier. Coronal CT scan showed a bony defect in the left cribriform plate and a soft tissue mass in the left nasal cavity. MRI revealed brain tissue protruding into the ethmoid sinus and nasal cavity and inflammatory changes in the left maxillary and ethmoid sinuses.An operation was performed via the anterior cranial fossa after conservative therapy for sinusitis. The protruding brain tissue and surrounding dura were transected at the base. Since this lesion seemed to be related to her previous seizures, a small part of the brain substance around the base of the protrusion was removed until abnormal spikes in electroencephalogram disappeared. Then an endonasal ethmoidectomy was done under endoscopic control. The bony defect of the skull base was closed successfully with a fascia lata and galeo-pericranial flap. The postoperative course was uneventful.We emphasize that meningoencephalocele must be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis when a polyp-like mass is seen in the nasal cavity of an infant. To prevent postoperative rhinogenic intracranial infection, treatment for accompanying sinusitis such as endoscopic sinus surgery is necessary.