Understanding Of Politics Research Articles

Multi-Dimension Framework for Global Education System

In today’s growing interconnected and rapidly evolving world, where all aspects of human life are interdependent, a broader understanding of cultures, economies, politics, and social issues is required. Considering the importance of education role in this issue, diverse traditional education systems around the world have resulted in fragmented approaches that fall short in preparing individuals for the complexities of an interlinked global society. To this end, it is necessary to provide a new innovative education model that adapts to and integrates evolving socio-economic and technological dimensions. This paper presents a great vision of a comprehensive framework for a dynamic global education system leveraging cutting-edge digital technologies such as artificial intelligence to interconnect economic, social, cultural, technological, and well-being dimensions aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), thereby facilitates equitable access to quality education and aspires to transcend conventional boundaries leading to foster holistic development and global collaboration.

Excommunication in Postrevolutionary England, 1689–1714

AbstractThis article asks why many divines pushed for reform of the Church of England's use of excommunication after the Glorious Revolution of 1688. In response, it argues that, worried by what they perceived as widespread moral decline and the threat posed by the floodgates of Protestant dissent opened up by the Toleration Act of 1689, clergy became concerned that sentences such as excommunication were ineffective and the church would soon cease to be the chief arbiter of certain offenses. In contrast to existing historiography, this article suggests that the urge for reform was not confined to any particular section of the church. Instead, the reform of excommunication was a shared cause, although there was sharp disagreement about how to pursue it. However, despite enthusiasm for change, efforts for reform floundered because of partisan conflict and the legacy of the Tudor Reformation that continued to shape religious life in England well into the later Stuart period. Examining the debate about excommunication allows us to revise of our understandings of religion and politics in the last decades of the Stuart dynasty and further develop important concepts such as the long Reformation.

An Urban Political from the "End of the World": Dock Nine and its Technical Epistles

ABSTRACT: This essay explores some resonances between the measures taken by the intensely subjugated residents of an urban district in Jayapura, West Papua (Indonesia) and notions of the "technical" examined by multiple strands in philosophies of media/computation, as well as Black thought. It explores some of the collective orientations and practices deployed to address a context of intensive subjugation, emphasizing these practices as modes of technicity applied to sustaining ways of acting in concert in a situation that continually undermines social coherence and intimacy. This exploration aims to further an understanding of a Black urban politics; to encompass the orientations and practices of "resistance" as technical operations to mitigate the experiences of capture and foster a sense of indeterminacy in the dispositions of ongoing colonial rule.

Teaching Palestine

Abstract This article explores theories and methodologies for an activist teaching and reading of Palestinian literature, including Susan Abulhawa's novel Mornings in Jenin and Remi Kanazi's poetry. Based on student responses — empathy with individual Palestinian characters but not resistance to Israeli settler colonialism — the author suggests that empathetic identification, often perceived as a means of comprehending the other, instead blocks political and historical understandings. Building on Saidiya Hartman's and Lorenzo Veracini's arguments, the author posits the need for seeing the other through a Levinasian radical alterity (which he denied Palestinians), not through similarity. Moments when texts disturbed readerly identification were moments of activist potential.

Discipline vs Vulnerability: A Biopolitical Look at COVID-19 Crisis Response

Biopolitics has been widely used during the COVID-19 pandemic, to call attention to the discipline and control imposed to safeguard public health and the resultant normalization of states of exception. This limited reading of biopolitics, however, stands on a narrow understanding of politics and results in what Rancière (2004) has called disagreement (mésentente), a failure to hear or to understand. This essay explores the possibilities of reconfiguring the political and biopolitical, embracing affirmative potentials inherent in the work of Foucault (1978, 2003) and Butler (2022). It will, above all, touch on notions of vulnerability, interdependency, and care, as developed by feminist thinkers. The potential of vulnerability to reconfigure the political is also subjected to a critical lens, as it has also been successfully exploited by conservative movements (e.g., in the contexts of masculinity, marriage equality, immigration and race) to cement the power of dominant groups (Oliviero, 2018). Yet, despite this potential for cooptation, critical awareness of the recognition of the shared vulnerability as a source of agentive capacity has the potential to overcome the political impasses revealed by the COVID-19 policy response.

Ambient vulnerability

In this paper we introduce the concept of ambient vulnerability. Ambience concerns the overlapping and shifting material forms that constitute a person’s surroundings – including (but not limited to) air quality, flow, temperature, humidity, noise and light – that contribute to their health, wellbeing and (dis)comfort. Building on a growing movement across a range of disciplines towards the study of socialmaterial relations, we suggest that ambience is an important approach for critically understanding the complex interconnections among nature, society, and technology in the production of lived ecologies. The vulnerability framing locates our expressly political understanding of ambience, reflecting and reinforcing social inequalities. Moreover, different types of vulnerability across the dimensions of the ambient environment are interdependent and accumulate, often intensifying one another. We delineate some of the key features of ambient vulnerability, specifically: cumulative impacts; permeability; unevenness; phenomenological differentiation; and multiple temporalities. The paper shows how ambient environments are shifting and complex, a turbulent milieu of contextual factors, but they are essential to our understanding of social and ecological vulnerability in the 21st century.

A Survey Study of the Pakistan Study Centers of Chinese Universities under the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative

This paper explores the development of Pakistan Study Centers (PSCs) within Chinese universities and their crucial role in strengthening the academic, cultural, and policy ties between China and Pakistan. These PSCs have emerged as essential platforms for fostering a deeper understanding of Pakistan's history, culture, society, politics, and economy. This study comprehensively examines the historical context, geographical distribution, development stages, research areas, achievements, and challenges faced by these centers. It answers key questions about their establishment and significance, providing an overview of the 21 PSCs located across China, offering expertise on diverse aspects of China-Pakistan relations. This research highlights the strategic significance of Pakistan to China, emphasizing the importance of academic and cultural exchanges in promoting bilateral relations. The study reveals a growing commitment to academic and research collaboration, with each PSC focusing on specialized areas, including security, economics, culture, politics, and more. These centers also act as think tanks, policy advisors, and talent incubators, contributing to the sustainable development of Pakistan studies in China. However, challenges such as limited funding, language barriers, talent development, research depth, and the absence of unified information sharing mechanisms pose hurdles to the PSCs. To address these issues, recommendations are presented, emphasizing the allocation of financial resources, the importance of language proficiency, the nurturing of a talent pipeline, the facilitation of fieldwork opportunities, the establishment of collaboration mechanisms, and the development of a global perspective. Furthermore, fostering academic collaboration with Pakistani counterparts is proposed, strengthening international cooperation and extending the long-term vision of the PSCs.

THE FORM AND CHARACTER OF CIRCULATING GOVERNING ELITE IN NIGERIA: PAST AND PRESENT

This paper is basically an application of the famous elite perspective to the Nigerian government and politics to test whether it is a theory that can be confirmed or infirmed. The observable phenomenon which is similar to virtually all regions and climes of the world is the emergence of very few people circulating in the political space over time. From pre-colonial, to colonial and post-colonial Nigerian state, a number of elites from diverse sectors of the society – the military, politicians, civil society, business tycoons, religious leaders and traditional elites kept circulating in the political firmament of Nigeria. The paper is a confirmation of the elite theory paradigm or construct to the understanding of Nigerian government and politics. The paper however noted that if nothing changes the required leap from a developing status of Nigeria as a country to developed one may take time after all more so that the country needs new thinking and perspectives to be able to adapt to modern technological era. The paper infers that there is an imperatival need to opening up of the political space to accommodate vibrant youths and new set of elites that can drive the polity to a greater height with new innovative thinking.

Pendidikan Politik Santri Dipondok Pesantren Jabal Rahmah Anau Kadok Talang

This research is motivated by the importance of political education among students (santri) of the Jabal Rahmah Anau Kadok Talang Islamic Boarding School. The aim of political education at this boarding school is to shape the character of the students, enabling them to become citizens with ethical and polite political behavior, as well as a deep understanding of political issues. Although there is no specific curriculum for teaching political education, it is integrated through subjects such as Civic Education (PPKN), the activities of the Student Executive Board (BES), discussions, democratic culture practices, and the study of the Prophet's biography (Siroh Nabawiyah). This research employs a qualitative approach, collecting data through in-depth interviews. The objective is to analyze how political education at the Jabal Rahmah Islamic Boarding School shapes the political perspectives and thought patterns of the students, as well as the role of the school leaders in forming the students' political understanding. The research findings indicate that political education at this boarding school focuses on knowledge transfer, consciousness-raising, political identity, and organizational skills development. Through democratic spaces within the Student Council (OSIS) and lectures, the students acquire an understanding of positive political values. The students are also engaged in organizational activities that allow them to develop leadership skills. The political education at this boarding school successfully shapes good behavior, teaches ethical and wise political conduct, and equips the students to respond to political issues. The conclusion drawn from this research is that political education at the Jabal Rahmah Islamic Boarding School effectively molds the character and political understanding of the students. By employing an approach that involves various aspects of knowledge, orientation, behavior, and political action, the political education at this boarding school is capable of producing students who are aware of their rights and responsibilities as citizens, possess political ethics, and can approach political issues wisely. This research provides fresh insights into how political education can shape the character and political perspectives of students, and have an impact on their involvement in political and social life in Indonesia..

Hermeneutika Politik Dalam Literasi Pendidikan Demokrasi Pancasila (Studi Deskriptif Tahun Pemilu dan Pilkada 2024 di Indonesia)

Our knowledge and understanding of political diction still needs further attention. This is in line with efforts to provide good education to society. Looking ahead to the political year 2024, Indonesian people are still trapped by limitations and inadequate understanding of the meaning of politics. The impacts felt are also varied, starting from acts of discrimination, intolerance and attitudes of exclusivism towards groups and groups within themselves. Political hermeneutics tries to look again at the understanding and definition of politics openly and comprehensively, meaning that in the context of hermeneutic studies, diction regarding politics is brought back to a different understanding and is able to look at a comprehensive context. So, in this new understanding, the Indonesian people can prepare themselves and be fully aware to be actively involved, and able to play an open role in assisting and assisting our neighbors as a nation that prioritizes the values of Pancasila to become a good and advanced Indonesian nation. Our nation is heading towards a Golden Indonesia 2045.

Mengusung Politik Damai Abdurrahman Wahid dalam Mengatasi Eskalasi Konflik Kelompok Kriminal Bersenjata dengan Tentara Nasional Indonesia di Papua

This paper intends to reflect philosophically as well as to promote the need for a peaceful politics in resolving the conflict of the Armed Criminal Group (KKB) in Papua. This elaboration is reviewed based on Wahid's words and political legacy. The methodology used is the analysis of the text through critical reading that listens to the understanding and concept of peaceful politics according to the spark of Wahid's thought. The author assumes that the prolonged conflict that occurs in Papua, namely the conflict stirred up by the KKB, is one of the biggest threats to the integrity of the Republic of Indonesia. The Indonesian government's decision to upgrade the KKB's status as a terrorist group presupposes the deployment of security forces to hunt down KKB members. However, this has not been the right solution, because in fact the conflict continues to this day. Therefore, the government needs to promote appropriate and relevant solutions so that the disintegration of the nation does not occur. The author finds that humanism and Wahid's ideas about the politics of peace that adhere to the principles of equality and liberation can stem various social and political problems, especially the escalation of conflict in Papua.

Understanding the Electoral Preferences of Beginner Voters in the 2020 Bulukumba Local Elections

Law no. 10 of 2008 concerning general elections states that first-time voters are those who are voting for the first time and are 17 years old or more or are/have been married and have the right to vote in general elections (and the Regional Head Election). New voters who have just entered voting age also do not have a broad political reach to determine where they should vote. So, sometimes what they choose is not what they expected. The aim of the research is to find out the preferences of novice voters in the 2020 Bulukumba regional elections. The type of research used is qualitative with a case study approach. The informants in this research were six (6) people consisting of the Bulukumba KPUD, political parties and first-time voters. The results of the research regarding the Political Preferences of Beginner Voters in the 2020 Pilkada in Bulukumba Regency are: first, sociological, the condition of beginner voters who are still unstable and have minimal understanding of politics tends to make their political attitudes and direction of support follow the family and community in the voter's environment. Second, psychologically, the emotional closeness and image of the candidate to first-time voters makes new voters participate as volunteers in supporting the candidate through campaign activities using a social media approach and competition activities. Third, Rational, the level of education of novice voters is a determining factor in voters' attitudes in determining political attitudes, where only a few novice voters make their choices through program analysis and candidate profiles obtained from various information.

Globalni kapitalizam – država u doba globalizma i desupstancijalizacija politike / Global Capitalism – the State in the Age of Globalism and Desupstantialisation of Politics

In this paper I will analyze geopolitical factors and systemic contradictions that contribute to the creation of imperialist practices. I will explain the concept of imperialism and the interweaving, as noted by David Harvey, of territorial logics and the molecular processes of capital, which points to the continued key role of the nation- state in the reproduction of the capitalist system. I will explain the multiple importance of imperialism, which is simultaneously a means of profitable realization, subjugation, systemic reparation, etc. Such a position requires re-examination of the role of the national state, its transformation and power relations within it, which opposes the views of its insignificance in the age of globalism. I will point out two conditions that generate the impotence of autonomous politics and its de-substantialization: the sub-political power of global capital, which is transformed into political influence through various mechanisms; the limitation and transcen-dence of the understanding of politics within the “methodological nationalism” that exists with the insistence on globalization. Finally, the paper touches on the responsibility and limitations of left-wing policies and their capitulation to the forces of capital.

Tropological Animal

Biopolitics and necropolitics have used animals as a concept to illustrate a particular human biopolitical situation, much in the “tradition” of Aristotle’s provisional biopolitics. In the Western context, not only our understanding of politics but also tropology and the conceptual apparatus itself are haunted by this ancient legacy, which underlies a vertical ontology tied to processes of spatialization and containment, a vertical ontology that enables an intelligibility of figurative translation. The article considers tropological systems as systems embedded in particular forms of governmentality, forms of the violent administration of life and death. To show how certain bodies are marked as animal or animal-like and used in the (metaphorical) processes of exclusion/inclusion, it focuses on Giorgio Agamben’s thoughts on Carolus Linnaeus and Zakiyyah Iman Jackson’s analysis of metaphorics in the most recent (r)evolutionary theory, symbiogenesis, developed by Lynn Margulis. Moreover, to radically disturb the graduated ontological premises of traditional stylistics and tropology, we move beyond existing conceptualizations of the body and the sovereign, all of which are based on de-borderization, intersections, movements, and transfigurations.

Curriculum Decolonization and Internationalization

This conceptual paper presents a decolonial critique of Eurocentric epistemic hegemony in South Africa and its impact on the curriculum. We argue that the propagation of knowledge from the Global North as ‘universal’ through conceptually vague framings of curriculum internationalization is contributing to the maintenance of Eurocentric hegemony. We explore how to think otherwise about the world, knowledge and curriculum, framing this around a critical understanding of historical and contemporary politics, geopolitics and coloniality of knowledge. This includes an interrogation of historical workings of power and domination, hegemonic and ideological assumptions, and how all this continues to shape knowledge and curriculum. We offer a set of critical questions that can assist academics and curriculum developers in assessing what is amplified and what is silenced in the curriculum.

Anonymity, Peace and Speculative Presence in Isabelle Stengers’ Cosmopolitical Thinking

How does speculative pragmatism induce new ways to think, feel, imagine and act? Take Isabelle Stengers’ cosmopolitical proposal. It involves two different concepts of peace: first, the “diplomats’ peace”, which is the always precarious, creative and technical result of contingent negotiations — a compositionist approach that relates to the political realm of representation proper. Second, the “speculative possibility of peace”, which constitutes an indispensable requisite for the cosmopolitical proposal, and which stands beyond its limits, at speculative and erotic distance, as pure process attractor. In the passage from politics to cosmopolitics, what is at stake is the very possibility of a peaceful coexistence between heterogeneous worlds, a peace whose mode of existence is nothing but propositional or virtual, a pure possibility that could as such effectively make a difference. But how can the most abstract, imperceptible and tenuous mode of existence possibly induce transformations of a political kind? How can it arouse our faculty of imagination and operate as a ‘lure for feeling’? How can it get a hold over (faire prise) and actually “infect” somebody else’s dreams? Here lies perhaps the paradox of the fundamentally anonymous experience of thought and lived abstraction that Stengers calls speculative presence, and which expresses a soulful and pragmatist understanding of (cosmo)politics.

Mobile treatment for opioid use disorder: Implementation of community-based, same-day medication access interventions

BackgroundMedications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) are lifesaving, but <20 % of individuals in the US who could benefit receive them. As part of the NIH-supported HEALing Communities Study (HCS), coalitions in several communities in Massachusetts and Ohio implemented mobile MOUD programs to overcome barriers to MOUD receipt. We defined mobile MOUD programs as units that provide same-day access to MOUD at remote sites. We aimed to (1) document the design and organizational structure of mobile programs providing same-day or next-day MOUD, and (2) explore the barriers and facilitators to implementation as well as the successes and challenges of ongoing operation. MethodsProgram staff from five programs in two states (n = 11) participated in semi-structured interviews. Two authors conducted thematic analysis of the transcripts based on the domains of the social-ecological model and the semi-structured interview guide. ResultsMobile MOUD units sought to improve immediate access to MOUD (“Our answer is pretty much always, ‘Yes, we'll get you started right here, right now,’”), advance equity (“making sure that we have staff who speak other languages, who are on the unit and have some resources that are in different languages,”), and decrease opioid overdose deaths.Salient program characteristics included diverse staff, including staff with lived experience of substance use (“She just had that personal knowledge of where we should be going”). Mobile units offered harm reduction services, broad medical services (in particular, wound care), and connection to transportation programs and incorporated consistency in service provision and telemedicine access.Implementation facilitators included trusting relationships with partner organizations (particularly pharmacies and correctional facilities), nuanced understanding of local politics, advertising, protocol flexibility, and on-unit prescriber hours.Barriers included unclear licensing requirements, staffing shortages and competing priorities for staff, funding challenges due to inconsistency in grant funding and low reimbursement (“It's not really possible that billing in and of itself is going to be able to sustain it”), and community stigma toward addiction services generally. ConclusionsDespite organizational, community, and policy barriers, participants described mobile MOUD units as an innovative way to expand access to life-saving medications, promote equity in MOUD treatment, and overcome stigma.

Feminist counter-authoritarian political agency: Muslim girls re-generating politics in India

Drawing on ‘voices’ of Muslim girls reported in a purposive sample of media, this research presents Muslim girls' responses to the impossible choice between right to education and vs. religion, following the hijab ban in the colleges in Karnataka, India. Their narratives do not fit conventional understandings of ‘being’ political or ‘doing’ politics. Instead, they are situated in a continuum of new-forms of political protest and agency emerging among young Muslim women in India following nation-wide Muslim women-led protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act (2020). Muslim girls' voices in this research suggest their attempts to regenerate democracy by offering an alternative political vision of India to the authoritarian vision currently in power. This paper suggests that to understand Muslim girls' political agency in authoritarian and Hindu majoritarian India there is a need to recalibrate our understanding of politics and political agency.

Sufism in the Modern and Contemporary Iranian Politics

"The objective of this article is to explore how political Sufism, in conjunction with political Shī’ism, influences contemporary Iranian internal and external affairs, the decision-making process, and the future political ideology. While religion has consistently been an integral part of Iranian state and culture, the primary faith has not always played a definitive role in political decisions throughout history, particularly in recent decades. To gain a deeper understanding of Iranian politics and its future trajectory, it is essential to comprehend the role of Sufi elements within it. This work elucidates the core political Sufi ideas and their persistence and development within Persian borders up to the present day, despite facing substantial opposition from the ulama. Furthermore, in order to identify these Sufi elements within the current Iranian political landscape, the article analyzes all presidential administrations since the Revolution and highlights how political Sufism has become ingrained in both the decision-making process and political propaganda. Key-words: Sufism, Iran, politics, Shī’ism, propaganda, eschatology"

Consolidation nations: Public attitudes, electoral institutions, and fiscal rules in the European Union

We know relatively little about democratic responsiveness on fiscal policy, an area in which both bond markets and European Union (EU) rules constrain European governments' freedom of action. Has their adoption of fiscal responsibility laws (FRLs)—a politically appealing mechanism to restrain deficit spending—in recent decades been the result of their heeding public opinion or ignoring it? Our analysis finds a mixed picture: the strengthening of FRLs generally occurred in the presence of public support for debt reduction, but this public opinion effect is stronger in countries with more majoritarian electoral systems than those with more proportional systems. And although elections induce attentiveness to public attitudes, election proximity did not have a meaningful effect on governments' responsiveness to the public's fiscal preferences. Our explanation for this finding emphasizes the durability of support for debt reduction and political parties' greater sensitivity to median voter positions in more majoritarian electoral systems. These findings deepen our understanding of both austerity politics and democratic performance in Europe, affirming a degree of responsiveness that would be tested in the event of a future debt crisis.