Point Off Research Articles

Modeling how different user groups perceive webpage aesthetics

Aesthetics is a central consideration in user interface design. It is known to affect end-user behavior and perception, in particular the first impression of graphical user interfaces. However, what users perceive as pleasant or good design is highly subjective. We contribute a computational model that estimates the visual appeal of a given webpage for several common cohorts, or user groups, including gender, age, and education level. Our model, a convolutional neural network trained on 418 webpage screenshots having 771k aesthetic scores (in a 1–9 Likert scale) from 32k users, achieves high accuracy and is always less than 1 point off from ground-truth ratings. Designers can use our model to anticipate how people would rate their webpage, offer personalized designs according to the visual preferences of their users, and support rapid evaluations of webpage design prototypes for specific cohorts.

Study of mechanisms of crack formation on tungsten composites using the three-point method

The aim of this study was evaluated the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) and microstructure of miniaturized tungsten composites by three point bending method. Tungsten and tungsten composites are the best technical materials candidates for the manufacture of a diverter in the future fusion reactor ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor). Because tungsten has the highest melting point off all metals, it is candidate for plasma-facing materials. The ITER plasma temperatures to between 150 and 300 million °C, so it is important to study the effect of temperature on materials. The effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of tungsten composites was studied by performing a number of three point bending tests at different temperatures (100-600 С). Three different types of materials were assessed: first one – IGP commercial pure tungsten (W > 99,97%), grades produced according to International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor specifications in Europe and China and two laboratory types W - 0.5%ZnC, W - 2%Y2O3. The resulting DBTT ranges depending on the type of material, grain orientation affects and rolled. The IGP and W - 0.5%ZnC were rolled and tested in two different orientations of grains (L and T): WZC_L, WZC_T, IGP_L, IGP_T. It is shown that the temperature transition from brittle to plastic fracture occurs sharply for composites WZC_L (120-180 ° C) and IGP_L (160-180 ° C), slower for WZC_T (260-380 ° C) and (350-500 °C). The yield stress decrease linearly with temperature. The materials tested in the L- orientation of the grains have a higher elasticity and better strength characteristics. There are two types of fracture researched in work. After the crack has initiated in a metal it grows through the grains, which is called transgranular fracture (WZC_L, WZC_T, IGP_L, IGP_T), or along the grain boundaries, known as intergranular fracture (W-YO), or by a combination of transgranular and intergranular fracture (WZC_L, WZC_T, IGP_T).

What Does Oil in Triple Digits Mean for India?

The Russia-Ukraine conflict is expected to impact India’s economy through several channels but we posit first order impacts will emanate from higher crude prices. If crude prices were to average $100/barrel in 2022, they will constitute a discernible adverse terms of trade shock for India’s economy that could shave a percentage point off India’s growth, pressure inflation further and widen the current account deficit towards 3% of GDP. How should policy respond? A negative terms of trade shock would argue for a more depreciated equilibrium real effective exchange rate. Policymakers should let this adjustment gradually take place to enable the corresponding “expenditure switching” needed to bring external imbalances back to sustainable levels. A sustained supply shock will make the trade-off for monetary policy more acute, with downside risks to growth accompanied by upside risks to inflation expectations. While the 2022-23 Budget created buffers to protect against shocks, fiscal policy will face its own set of trade-offs in simultaneously attempting to accommodate the shock, support growth and preserve macroeconomic stability. Beyond the near term, policymakers must consider systematically hedging crude price imports in global markets to protect the economy from periods of outsized volatility, apart from the medium-term objective of reducing dependence on imported crude.

Calculating and Analyzing Angular Head Jerk in Augmented and Virtual Reality: Effect of AR Cue Design on Angular Jerk

In this work, we propose a convenient method for evaluating levels of angular jerk in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). Jerk is a rarely analyzed metric in usability studies, although it can be measured and calculated easily with most head-worn displays and can yield highly relevant information to designers. Here, we developed and implemented a system capable of calculating and analyzing jerk in real-time based on orientation data from an off-the-shelf head-worn display. An experiment was then carried out to determine whether the presence of AR user interface annotations results in changes to users’ angular head jerk when conducting a time-pressured visual search task. Analysis of the data indicates that a decrease in jerk is significantly associated with the use of AR augmentations. As noted in the limitations section, however, the conclusions drawn from this work should be limited, as this analysis method is novel in the VR/AR space and because of methodological limitations that limited the reliability of the jerk data. The work presented herein considerably facilitates the use of jerk as a quick component measure of usability and serves as an initial point off which future research involving jerk in VR and AR can be performed.

The ‘Cardinality of the Continuum’ Is False in Non-Euclidean Geometries

According Georg Cantor's Cardinality of the Continuum, as proved in Euclidean geometry, any segment (not inclusive of its two end points) has as many points as an entire line. This theorem is an underlying assumption of the Hypothesis, that conjectures that every infinite subset of the continuum of real numbers $\mathbb{R}$ is either equivalent to the set of natural numbers $\mathbb{N}$, or to $\mathbb{R}$ itself. However, the proof in Euclidean geometry uses parallel lines, and therefore assumes that Euclid's Parallel Postulate is true. But in Non-Euclidean geometries, Euclid's Parallel Postulate is false. In Hyperbolic geometry, at any point off of a given line, there are a plurality of lines parallel to the given line. In Elliptic geometry (which includes Spherical geometry), no lines are parallel, so two lines always intersect. Absolute geometry has neither Euclid's parallel postulate nor either of its alternatives. We provide examples in Spherical geometry and in Hyperbolic geometry where the Cardinality of the Continuum is false. Therefore it is also false in Absolute geometry. So it is a false proposition, as is the Hypothesis, that falsely assumes that the Cardinality of the Continuum is true. Concepts in theory, such as the number line of real numbers, cannot be limited to Euclidean geometry.

On Strong Coupled Coincidence Points ofg-Couplings and an Application

The purpose of this paper is to prove the existence and uniqueness of a strong coupled coincidence point ofF:X×X→Xandg:X→X, involving Banach and Chatterjea typeg-couplings. We also give some examples and an application in support of the given concepts and our main results.

A wall grid scale criterion for hypersonic aerodynamic heating calculation

The theory of molecular motion was used to study the wall cell Reynolds number method, and it found that the height of the first grid point off wall is related to the molecular mean free path near wall. A wall grid scale criterion based on the molecular mean free path at the stagnation point was proposed by considering both the flow parameters and the wall temperature boundaries. The criterion was verified through numerical calculations and comparative analyses of the wall heat flux in different hypersonic flow fields. Research results draw the following conclusions: The optimal height of the first grid point off wall is a molecular mean free path. The influence of height of the first grid point off wall on aerodynamic heat is much greater than that of aerodynamic force. The criterion is not only effective for the wall heat flux predictions in air conditions, but also useful to that of non air environments. With the weakening of aerodynamic heating along the flow direction, the effect of wall grid scale on the wall heat flux gradually decreases.

Variation and Structure of the Cold Water Around Ganjeol Point Off the Southeast Coast of Korea

Variation and Structure of the Cold Water Around Ganjeol Point Off the Southeast Coast of Korea

Finite affine planes in projective spaces

We classify all representations of an arbitrary affine plane A of order q in a projective space PG(d,q) such that lines of A correspond with affine lines and/or plane q-arcs and such that for each plane q-arc which corresponds to a line L of A the plane of PG(d,q) spanned by the q-arc does not contain the image of any point off L of A.

Formaldehyde Fluorescence as a Marker for Scalar Dissipation Through Local Extinction

A co-annular, counterflow diffusion burner was used to stabilize a local extinction point off centerline. Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) measurements of hydroxyl (OH) and formaldehyde (CH2O) were performed. The PLIF measurements were compared to results from a two-dimensional numerical simulation with a comprehensive chemical kinetics model, and good qualitative agreement is shown. Previous work has suggested that the formaldehyde fluorescence may be a useful marker for local scalar dissipation rate, which is difficult to measure directly. This relationship is further examined in this work for conditions including local extinction. Formaldehyde width is still a useful marker for local scalar dissipation within a vigorously burning flame. However, the formaldehyde fluorescence signal increases significantly following local extinction, so it cannot be used as a direct marker. A combination of formaldehyde fluorescence width and intensity can still help identify local extinction points and scalar dissipation rates just prior to extinction.

표지방류조사에 의한 참홍어 (Beringraja pulchra)의 이동 및 성장률

To obtain geographical range and growth-kinetics parameters of mottled sake (Beringraja pulchra) populations in the Yellow Sea, three mark-recapture experiments were carried out. Overall, 991 tagged individuals were released, and 4.1% of them were recaptured with the mean release period of 339 d (range, 8-1,420 d) and the mean growth rate of (female, ; male ). In the first experiment, 667 individuals were released at Heuksan Island from April to June, 2007-2009, and 30 individuals were recaptured mainly at the north and the north-east coasts of the island, indicating absence of migration to the south of the island. In the second experiment, 323 individuals were released at several fishing grounds scattered in the Yellow Sea in 2010-2013, and 11 individuals were recaptured at points deviated to all directions from the releasing points. As the last, one individual was released with pop-up satellite archival tag at a costal point (`N, `E) off Hong Island on May 21, 2010. The tagged individual migrated to a north-east location (`N, `E) of Eocheong Island by Aug. 25, 2010. The data archived for the three months in the tag indicated that the migration path had depths of 48-80 m and temperature of . The results indicated that mottled sake populations had a localized habitat ranges at the north of Heuksan Island and the west of Hong Island while growing at the rate of .

Strong Summability of Fourier Transforms at Lebesgue Points and Wiener Amalgam Spaces

We characterize the set of functions for which strong summability holds at each Lebesgue point. More exactly, iffis in the Wiener amalgam spaceW(L1,lq)(R)andfis almost everywhere locally bounded, orf∈W(Lp,lq)(R) (1<p<∞,1≤q<∞), then strongθ-summability holds at each Lebesgue point off. The analogous results are given for Fourier series, too.

Effects and Mechanism of Acupuncture Based on the Principle of Meridians

Effects and Mechanism of Acupuncture Based on the Principle of Meridians

Prolonged viral suppression without therapy in an HIV-1 seroconverter following early antiretroviral therapy and daily interleukin-2

Prolonged viral suppression without therapy in an HIV-1 seroconverter following early antiretroviral therapy and daily interleukin-2

Recreational SCUBA diver interactions with the critically endangered Grey Nurse Shark Carcharias taurus

Grey Nurse Sharks Carcharias taurus are listed as ?Critically Endangered? along the east coast of Australia. Magic Point (off Maroubra) in Sydney is favoured by recreational SCUBA divers wishing to observe these sharks. This study was conducted to answer the question: do current recreational SCUBA diving practices at Magic Point have a significant impact on the aggregation behaviour of C. taurus? The study found that diver activity does temporarily affect the behaviour of C. taurus at this site, with a significant difference in the number of sharks and their distribution within the preferred area of occupation inside the cave between diver and non-diver treatments. Small dive groups (= 4 divers) approached the cave closer than large groups, resulting in a greater impact on sharks than large groups positioned further back from the cave. Shark behaviour rapidly returned to pre-diver exposure levels once divers left the area. This study is the first to (a) monitor recreational SCUBA diver activities at a critical habitat site and (b) use a non-invasive behavioural technique to study the behavioural responses of C. taurus towards SCUBA divers in southern NSW. It contributes to improving C. taurus conservation measures along the east coast of Australia by highlighting current diver behaviour and its impact on Grey Nurse Sharks at this site. Results suggest that changes in the current code of practice regarding SCUBA diving at recognized and protected Grey Nurse Shark critical habitat sites should be considered by relevant management agencies.

SU-FF-T-254: Factors Study for MapCheck IMRT QA Evaluation

Purpose: To examine the factors that function in MapCheck IMRT QA result. Method and Materials:IMRT plan was calculated with Eclipse planning system and projected into a phantom at gantry angle zero position to create a verification plan. MapCheck QA result variation was evaluated with (1) a linac output fluctuation by calibrated MapCheck at previous 1.007 and current 0.995 linac outputs, (2) an effect of projected phantom slice interval at 0.5cm and 0.3cm, and (3) the number of point passing the criteria with MapCheck comparision models (AD/DTA, RD/DTA, AD/γ and RD/γ). A normalization point was selected as the value difference ⩽2% and fixed the point was used for all comparison models. All comparisons were done at 3% and 3mm criteria with a threshold 10. Results: MapCheck result varied with linac output showed an average improvement of 1.94% from 4 plans and 2.00% from 20 individual fields at CAX reading, and no signification improvement with the comparison models through MapCheck re‐calibration. Phantom slice interval difference related with a QA result showed no signification change in CAX reading, and the mean improvement from five field measurements was 0.76%, 1.30%, 5.80% and 4.10% in four comparison models from 0.5cm to 0.3cm interval. There was 100% point passing observed with a normalization point off 3.44%, and 91.8% point passing observed from same testing when the normalization point difference reduced to 0.32%. An average point passing the criteria from four comparison models was 91.81%, 95.71%, 85.77% and 95.30% from 50 fields, and 95.59%, 98.49%, 90.76% and 98.03% from 16 plans. Conclusions: A phantom slice interval 0.3cm is suggested for IMRT verification plan projection. MapCheck re‐calibration should be considered when a linac output changes. All comparison model results vary with normalization point selection. RD model is more sensitivity to the normalization point selection than AD model.

Hausdorff dimension of hairs and ends for entire maps of finite order

AbstractWe study transcendental entire mapsfof finite order, such that all the singularities off−1are contained in a compact subset of the immediate basinBof an attracting fixed point off. Then the Julia set offconsists of disjoint curves tending to infinity (hairs), attached to the unique point accessible fromB(endpoint of the hair). We prove that the Hausdorff dimension of the set of endpoints of the hairs is equal to 2, while the union of the hairs without endpoints has Hausdorff dimension 1, which generalizes the result for exponential maps. Moreover, we show that for every transcendental entire map of finite order from class(i.e. with bounded set of singularities) the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set is equal to 2.

On the order of magnitude of double fourier transforms. II

Denote by\(\hat f\) the (complex) Fourier transform of a functionf which belongs toL1(R2). We shall assume thatf is odd inx andy, orf is even inx and odd iny, orf is odd inx and even iny. Among others, we prove that iff ∈L1(R2) and (x, y)=(0,0) is a strong Lebesgue point off, then\(\left| t \right|\left| v \right|\hat f(t,v)\) tends to 0 as |t|, |v|→∞ in the sense (C;α,β) for allα,β>1.

Conditions of C0 flows on closed surfaces having the pseudo-orbit tracing property

Let M be a closed surface, orientable or non-orientable, and letf be a C° flow onM of which all singular points are isolated. Thenf has the pseudo-orbit tracing property if and only if (i) for anyx ∈ M, both the ωlimit set ω(x) and the α-limit set α(x) ofx contain only one orbit; (ii) for any regular pointx off, if ω(x) is not quasi-attracting, then α(x) is quasi-exclusive; (iii) every saddle point off is strict, and at most 4-forked.

A wall-distance-free low Re k — ϵ turbulence model

A low Reynolds number k — ϵ turbulence model is presented. The model is based on the following three attributes: (1) it involves neither explicit wall distance nor normal-to-wall directionality, except to the first grid point off walls; (2) it enforces time scale realisability; (3) it invokes a simple wall boundary condition for ϵ. Several computed results are shown, indicating the validity of the current approach.