PMBLDC Motor Research Articles

The suitability of 72V PMBLDC Motor for Light Motor Electric Vehicles Instead of 48V Motor

The suitability of 72V PMBLDC Motor for Light Motor Electric Vehicles Instead of 48V Motor

An optimized design modelling of PV integrated SEPIC-based four-switch inverter for sensorless PMBLDC motor control

The design of PV-based high gain SEPIC converter integrated with four-switch strategy, which has been used to achieve sensorless speed control of Permanent magnet Brushless DC motor (PMBLDC) is analysed in this work. Hence SEPIC converter coupled with Fuzzy Logic, MPPT Algorithm is employed to retain voltage. SEPIC converter is chosen as it has a continuous current operation with high gain; Fuzzy MPPT algorithm is used as it provides accurate results faster while the classical MPPT techniques provide the results with fluctuations in attaining the maximum power. Regarding the sensorless control of PMBLDC motor, the conventional six-switch strategy is replaced by four-switch strategy and the sensors are replaced by back EMF method. Four-switch strategy has the capability of reducing the losses, size, cost and complexity of control. For achieving the nominal speed, a closed-loop control is implemented with PI controller, which is tuned by GWO technique. The proposed methodology is more efficient as the motor speed remains unchanged even under the full load condition. The end result of traditional PI algorithm and PI algorithm, which have been tuned by GWO algorithm, is compared and simulated through MATLAB. This is also implemented and validated in hardware by FPGA Spartan 6E controller.

Application in Virtual System Modelling (VSM) of Sensored Pm BLDC Motor Drive Using Two Technologies of Processors PIC16F877Aand Arduino Uno R3

This paper presents the simulation of a 3-phase Permanent Magnet Brushless DC (PM BLDC) motor drive. For the studied drive system in this paper, pulse width modulation (PWM) control has been implemented for a 60-degree six-step trapezoidal PM BLDC motor drive. The used processor is Arduino and PIC16F877A, which is a common, flash-able, and low-cost microcontroller unit (MCU) with functions to perform commutation sequence, rotating direction control, speed control and reading Hall sensor signals, and calculating RPM and duty cycle of the PWM outputs signals depending on variable speed. The controlling technique uses sensored type in order to make this design suitable for low-speed and high-speed applications plus control simplicity. In this paper, The application of Proteus Virtual System Modelling (VSM) software as a real-time simulation tool is introduced to model the performance of a 3-phase Permanent Magnet Brushless DC motor drive before hardware implementation. Expected results can be monitored and analyzed throughout the virtual simulation of all components. The usage of Proteus VSM enables shorter product development time, thus reducing development costs for industrial applications.

Analysis of Electromagnetic and Vibration Characteristics of a Spoke Type PMBLDC Motor

Analysis of Electromagnetic and Vibration Characteristics of a Spoke Type PMBLDC Motor

Simulation of the effect of segmented axial direction magnets on the efficiency of in-wheel permanent magnet brushless DC motors used in light electric vehicles based on finite element method

Energy efficiency is primary target for electric motor designers. The Eddy current losses can cause deterioration of permanent magnet machines magnetic properties and increase rotor temperature. Therefore the rotor eddy current loses can decrease efficiency of permanent magnet brushless DC (PM BLDC) motors. Permanent magnets when designed with axial segmentation help reduce the eddy current losses. This paper presents an investigative study on calculating eddy current losses of in-wheel permanent magnet brushless direct current motors and the effect of segmented axial direction magnets on the efficiency of these motors used in light electric vehicle. In this study in-wheel PM BLDC motor has been designed and analyzed on with slot/pole combinations 24/20, 36/30, and 42/36, that the motor is rated power of 4 kW at rated speed of 1500 rpm. Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to carry out numerical analysis for an accurate result. The magnet losses and efficiency are calculated for segmented magnets with different quantity of magnets in the axial direction. Changing the number of axial magnet segment from 1 to 20 causes approximately 1% increase in the efficiency. Following the change in number of axial magnet segment, the shaft power values increment is about 40 W, while shaft torque is between 0.25 and 0.30%.

Position Control of PMBLDC Motor Using SVR- and ANFIS-Based Controllers

Position Control of PMBLDC Motor Using SVR- and ANFIS-Based Controllers

PV & Zeta Converter based Irrigation pumping system using PMBLDC Motor

This paper proposes an idea of designing & implementing a simple ,affordable, productive & pollution free water pumping system using the advantageous features of a zeta converter and PMBLDC motor for the irrigation which will help the farmers in minimizing their farming hurdles which in turn will improve the productivity as well as quality of life. It presents an outstanding system consisting of PMBLDC motor which is fed from a renewable source i.e, from PV array & to obtain the maximum power output from PV array via MPPT ,a Zeta converter is used .This system eliminates the phase current sensors and acquires fundamental frequency switching of VSI ,which contributes in avoiding the power loss due to high frequency switching. No circuitry is required to control the PMBLDC motor. It is controlled via variable DC link voltage of VSI. It also presents a new idea to completely remove the dc link capacitor which is bulky and also increase the cost of motor. But this elimination results in torque ripple to arise at the output of motor. A ceramic capacitor and switch are used in place of dc link capacitor to miminimise the torque ripple. Simulation is performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software and the results are presented.

Fuzzy Controlled THD Reduction and Performance Improvement of a PMBLDC Motor Using MMLI

Fuzzy Controlled THD Reduction and Performance Improvement of a PMBLDC Motor Using MMLI

Comparison Analysis of Torque Ripple and Demagnetization by FC in PM BLDC Motor

Comparison Analysis of Torque Ripple and Demagnetization by FC in PM BLDC Motor

Iron-Loss Modeling With Sensorless Predictive Control of PMBLDC Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle Application

Permanent-magnet brushless dc motor (PMBLDCM) is more suitable for electric vehicle (EV) with higher torque and driving performance. A suitable loss modeling of PMBLDCM with proper analysis can improve the control stability at different road surface conditions. However, the iron loss is not minimal enough to be ignored during high-speed operation of PMBLDCM drives. This article proposes a disturbance observer-based sensorless drive control for accurate estimation of the rotor position. This is achieved by taking the iron loss into consideration in order to further reduce the rotor position estimation error. A modified model predictive control is also proposed to deal with the novel modeling to provide torque ripple-free operation at reduced losses. The EV performances are compared for lossless and loss model of PMBLDCM through both simulation and experimental validation.

Novel Efficacious Utilization of Fuzzy-Logic Controller-Based Two-Quadrant Operation of PMBLDC Motor Drive Systems for Multipass Hot-Steel Rolling Processes

This study investigates the rough steel-rolling process, which requires repeated and rapid bidirectional hot-rolling operations and proposes a fuzzy-logic-controller-based brushless electric DC (BLDC) motor drive system for the same. We present a modeling of the hot-steel rough-rolling process using a set of metallurgical parameters and mechanical equations based on their operating conditions, specific features and characteristics, all obtained from actual data. The above equations and related parameters were modeled in MATLAB/Simulink schematic under variations in temperature and slab thickness corresponding using three different hot-rolled (HR) steel specimens. This led to the creation of a pair of speed and torque- profiles with alternate polarities for successive passes covering the entire rolling process for each steel specimen. A fuzzy logic controller utilized the above profiles on the motor shaft by incorporating speed and current feedback loops to attain reference speed and calculation of instantaneous stator currents of the BLDC motor with respective phase sequences, so as to satisfy the torque-profile. Simulation results showing the detailed performance of the drive system are presented. Further, experimental work on a BLD-motor-drive system is presented, along with loading arrangements and an arm controller embedded with control algorithm for the multi-loop feedback system used for the closed loop speed control. The efficacy of the new applications proposed in this study for the first time can be seen from the validation of the results from the BLDC motor with its fuzzy-based controller in terms of simulation and hardware, thereby serving to be an attractive alternative to conventional induction motor drive systems for steel rolling.

Evaluation of Predictive Current Control Techniques for PM BLDC Motor in Stationary Plane

In general, PM BLDC motors are injected with square wave phase currents through PI-PWM control in a-b-c reference plane to ensure maximum torque-per-ampere. The operation of PM BLDC motor in a stationary plane has shown considerable simplification in design, and analysis in the control techniques. The present paper considers the injection of square wave phase current through predictive current control strategies in the stationary plane. For the evaluation of performance, cases of deadbeat predictive control, hysteresis based predictive control, and finite control-set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) methods are considered. Control schemes have been designed for 48V, 660W PM BLDC motor. Comparative evaluation is carried out in terms of the harmonic components available in the current and torque, tracking of the current trajectory in the stationary plane in the low and high-speed region, and execution time of all the control methods. Considered predictive methods are tested on an experimental prototype, and control is implemented through digital Signal Processor (DSP) TMS320F28335. Evaluation leads to the conclusion that predictive control performs better than PI-PWM for reducing commutation torque ripple, keeping current harmonics under control. It is observed that predictive control strategies in the stationary plane, improve the torque-speed characteristic to the wider utilization of constant torque zone of operation as compared to conventional strategies.

Implementation of Controller for PMBLDC Motor Drive based Electric Vehicle

The entire research community working on automobiles have turned their focus on electric vehicle. PMBLDC motor is very popular in industrial and household applications due to its high efficiency, high power density and low maintenance cost. The rapid advancement in power electronics devices and controllers aids the use of PMBLDC motor in electrical drives system instead of conventional DC motor and AC motor. In this paper we have discussed a Simulink model of Bi-directional speed control for high torque to volume ratio PMBLDC motor to control the speed of PMBLDC motor in electric vehicle application. In this scheme the direction of motor is changed only with change in switching pattern. So this method is a cost effective method. The same strategy has been implemented using DSPIC4011, 16 bit microcontroller. The Raspberry Pi acts as a gateway to configure the unique ID for the application and connect it with the web server. The device is capable of sending the sensor value to the database and the user can able to monitor the value in the web page.

Improving Performance Parameters of PMBLDC Motor Using Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller

This paper proposes an intelligent speed control system for PMBLDC motor drive applications. A fuzzy sliding mode controller is designed for the high speed control of BLDC motors, Efficacy of the system can be improved by FSM controller. Due to the non- linear characteristics of BLDC motors PID controllers are not relevant to it. Noise disturbances, harmonics, and antecedent or consequent uncertainties are difficult to handle by Interval Type2 fuzzy PID controller. Whereas Sliding Mode Controller is most attractive control technique for all type of uncertainties, and improves the performance of the system. An effective Mat-lab / Simulation result presents the attractive performance of proposed system.

Comparative evaluation of a-b-c and stationary frame of reference for permanentmagnet brushless DC motor drive applied for generation of switching pattern

This paper focuses on the evaluation of the operation of permanent magnet brushless DC (PM BLDC) motor through the control implemented in the natural reference frame (a-b-c frame) and the stationary reference frame ($\alpha-\beta$ frame). To a large extent, ripple-free torque and attainment of higher torque-speed characteristic depend on the gating pulses/switching patterns of the inverter employed. PM BLDC motor requires injection of the square wave current for the maximum torque per ampere, so the reference is required to be generated and tracked accordingly. The effectiveness of the strategies of pulse-width-modulation-based current control in the a-b-c plane and, the case of single-voltage-vector model predictive control and proposed two-voltage-vector model predictive control in the stationary plane have been evaluated. The parameter for comparison is based on improved tracking performance of the reference, ease in analysis of the control technique and less complexity in implementation of the control. The analysis has been verified through experimentation, with the control implemented through C2000 TMS320F28335 microcontroller commenting on the advantages of the stationary-plane-based approach.

DSP based Controller with Switching Loss Reduction Technique for Brushless DC Motor Drive System

PMBLDC motor finds its application in various fields which includes hybrid electric vehicles, robotic applications with high precision control, fans and industries. This paper presents DSP based control with switching loss reduction technique for Permanent Magnet Brushless DC motor. Firing pulses for power switches are generated using DSP TMS320C2407 based on hall sensor feed-back. The algorithm is written in C using code composer studio to generate single mode PWM pulses and multiple PWM pulses. To reduce the switching losses three switches are turn on and turn off with single pulse and the remaining three switches are with multiple PWM pulses. The hardware is implemented and the trapezoidal stator voltage and corresponding gating signals are measured for various speed. The experimental results validate the performance of proposed system.

Design and Implementation of Cuk Converter for Power Factor Correction of PMBLDC Motor Drive

The present project relates to designing of a cuk converter for improving power factor at AC main supply for the PMBLDC motor. In the work an electronic communication technique is used as the motor requires a distortion less controlled DC voltage served to Voltage Source Inverter. The main reason to implement the project is to achieve betterment in the performance of the motor. The work overcomes the problems associated with less power factor of AC main supply. The project helps in eliminating current harmonics generally appears at source input supply by employing a closed loop procedure. A converter called cuk converter and DBR are used for DC to DC and for AC to DC conversion respectively. The analysis of power quality is observed by using a software MATLAB/Simulink and implementation on hardware is also done to verify the analysis

Modeling and Simulation of Indirect Back EMF Detection Based Sensor Less Operation of PMBLDC Motor Drive

This paper represents advance techniques of speed control by using MATLAB simulation and FPGA controller to controlled speed of PMBLDC motor require rotor position sensing. To achieve sensor-less speed control of this motor use zero crossing detection method and FPGA controller with hardware set-up is adopted by replacing hall effect sensor which is used to sense the position of rotor. For back EMF detection zero crossing detection method is used. Hence, It is most preferable technique because sensor is not used then cost is effective and it is efficient for size reduction and maintenance.

Variable Switch Regenerative Braking Technique for PM BLDC Motor Driven Electric Two-wheeler

In this paper PM BLDC motor driven electric two-wheeler is proposed. The operation of PMBLDC motor in all four quadrants along with various regenerative braking control strategies are simulated MATLAB/ SIMULINK. Three braking methods are proposed for electric vehicle application. Factors like recovered energy, braking time, maximum braking current are compared. Depending on the simulation results switching between different braking methods is proposed for efficient and reliable braking operation. Moreover, by using variable switch braking technique one can extract more braking energy.

Analysis and Design of PMBLDC Motor for Three Wheeler Electric Vehicle Application

This paper deals with analysis and design of permanent magnet brushless dc machine (PMBLDCM), primarily aimed for three wheeler applications. The motor sizing accounts for the forces acting on the motor and the design variables such as number of stator and rotor slots, stator and rotor dimensioning, air-gap approximation, slot sizing, flux per pole and permanent magnet sizing has been explained using simplified equations. The designed motor rated at 1.5 kW, 3000 rpm, 120 V radial flux surface mounted permanent magnet rotor, is then assessed using analytical tools for design such as ANSYS’s RMXprt to verify the analytically obtained results. These results are then verified using the computer aided analysis tool, finite element analysis, using ANSYS Maxwell, to obtain the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor for further modification of design.