Platform Equipment Research Articles

Research on periodic intelligent inspection and maintenance of offshore platform equipment

Research on periodic intelligent inspection and maintenance of offshore platform equipment

Numerical Simulation of Interaction between Kulluk Platform and Laminar Ice

Over the years, the development of the Arctic region has been increasingly emphasized, and the research and development of offshore platforms has become a research hotspot for many countries. Among them, all kinds of platform equipment used in the polar region must consider the special conditions when operating in extreme environments. For the floating ice-resistant marine platforms, the calculation of ice load is of considerable importance and value for the applicability and reliability design. In this article, the Kulluk platform has been chosen for the study. The interactions between the structure and the sea ice, such as collision and extrusion, are numerically simulated through the finite element method. In this paper we will explain how to calculate the ice loads acting on the floating platform and the specific loads. By setting the real scale in the program, the maximum correspondence with the real situation can be achieved. Subsequently, the numerical simulation values were analyzed and compared with the actual situation and empirical formulas to verify the reliability of the numerical simulation. The applicability of the Kulluk platform model to the problem of interaction with the leveling ice has been validated.

Risk identification and assessment methods of offshore platform equipment and operations

Risk management is crucial for the safety of offshore platforms. With advancements in safety management, much data on hidden dangers has been generated. The data contains a wealth of risk information, which realistically reflects the current state of safety on offshore platforms. However, this data is unstructured natural language, which cannot be analyzed statistically or queried with structured fields. Moreover, the manual identification of risk factors from hidden danger data is time-consuming and subject to subjective biases. A method for risk identification and assessment for offshore platform equipment and operations based on text mining of hidden danger data is proposed. From a big data perspective, a framework for expressing risk factors is established, which completes the transition from an unstructured text about the hidden danger to a structured expression of risk information. An automated method for risk identification is developed that combines machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing techniques. The identified risk factors are used to build the Bayesian network model for data-driven risk assessment. Data from China’s Bohai oil field is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method. The result shows that it improves the identification of risk factors and the automation of the assessment.

Experimental Study on Microbial Attachment Degree of New Polymer Nanomaterials on the Surface of Oil Field Development Platform Equipment

Nanomaterials have surface effects and quantum size effects, which can affect the structure and function of some biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acid molecules. Nanomaterials were introduced into the development of Marine antifouling paint to solve the attachment problem of Marine fouling organisms. In this paper, the method of gene cloning was used to identify the early microbial species of oil field development platform equipment fouling. Finally, the antifouling effect of 13 kinds of nanomaterials and their combinations was tested by conventional PCR and real-time quantitative PCR. The experimental simulation shows that titanium nano polymer alloy coatings have obvious technical advantages in adhesion, impact resistance, coating hardness, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and chemical corrosion resistance.

A high-performance framework for personal protective equipment detection on the offshore drilling platform

In order for the offshore drilling platform to operate properly, workers need to perform regular maintenance on the platform equipment, but the complex working environment exposes workers to hazards. During inspection and maintenance, the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as helmets and workwear can effectively reduce the probability of worker injuries. Existing PPE detection methods are mostly for construction sites and only detect whether helmets are worn or not. This paper proposes a high-precision and high-speed PPE detection method for the offshore drilling platform based on object detection and classification. As a first step, we develop a modified YOLOv4 (named RFA-YOLO)-based object detection model for improving localization and recognition for people, helmets, and workwear. On the basis of the class and coordinates of the object detection output, this paper proposes a method for constructing position features based on the object bounding box to obtain feature vectors characterizing the relative offsets between objects. Then, the classifier is obtained by training a dataset consisting of position features through a random forest algorithm, with parameter optimization. As a final step, the PPE detection is achieved by analyzing the information output from the classifier through an inference mechanism. To evaluate the proposed method, we construct the offshore drilling platform dataset (ODPD) and conduct comparative experiments with other methods. The experimental results show that the method in this paper achieves 13 FPS as well as 93.1% accuracy. Compared to other state-of-the-art models, the proposed PPE detection method performs better on ODPD. The method in this paper can rapidly and accurately identify workers who are not wearing helmets or workwear on the offshore drilling platform, and an intelligent video surveillance system based on this model has been implemented.

Влияние изменения состава флюида морского многофазного трубопровода на показатели режима эксплуатации при различных диаметрах

The paper investigates the effect of changes in the composition of a multiphase fluid over the time of operation of the field at different diameters of the offshore pipeline on such basic operational parameters as temperature, pressure, and the size of the slugcatcher in front of the platform equipment. The conditions of the pipeline routeare close to the conditions of the Sakhalin shelf. The composition and properties of the extracted fluid were chosen approximately based on the oil fields of the North-East Sakhalin oil and gas region. Modeling of the operating modeof pipelines of various diameters was carried out using the PIPESIM software package and the built-in multiphase flow correlation method «OLGAS 3-Phase HD». The obtained results of the study revealed certain dependencesof the change in the diameter of the pipeline on the parameters of its operation along the profile of pipeline. Based on the results of the study, recommendations for modeling multiphase pipelines for offshore fields were formed.

A noninterference trusted dual system security guarantee method based on secure memory

SummaryWith the continuous maturity and development of single hardware security mechanism, it has been widely used in the field of information technology, but the single hardware mechanism has insufficient security guarantee in its own supporting drivers and other key programs. In response to this problem, this article proposes a trusted isolation model based on the noninterference theory and gives a formal proof. The realization is based on the trusted platform control module (TPCM) hardware mechanism by introducing a secure memory bar to provide a way to achieve a trusted dual‐system isolation guarantee. The hardware interface of secure memory module is consistent with that of ordinary memory module, which is widely used. It can improve the security guarantee ability of trusted computing platform, and has a good reference value for the design and application of trusted computing platform equipment.

Risk identification and quantitative assessment method of offshore platform equipment

Equipment failure risk identification and risk assessment are essential part of offshore platform equipment integrity management. Realizing the risk identification and quantitative assessment of offshore platform equipment and failure modes will help to formulate more reasonable risk management measures. However, the previous methods are not enough to support precise risk assessment of offshore platform equipment. Therefore, this paper proposes a new quantitative risk assessment method based on fuzzy set theory, gray correlation analysis and fuzzy Borda method. This paper creatively proposed the approach, which integrates the solid expressive ability of the fuzzy set theory to vagueness and uncertainty information, the strong point of GRA method in studying the dependence of failure modes, and the advantage of FBM for aggregating experts’ diversity evaluations. Based on the above integrated approach, the proposed risk assessment model can favorably capture and aggregate diversity evaluations of FMECA team members. In addition, the effectiveness of this method is verified by the risk assessment of offshore platform equipment. The new method solves the problem existing in the quantitative risk assessment of multiple risks and multiple FMECA reports. This comprehensive quantitative risk assessment method can screen out high-risk failure modes and essential components in a system, and provide a reference for maintenance decision-making of complex industrial systems. This paper is conducive to promote the application of PHM, RCM and AIM in high-risk industries such as oil and gas production.

Definition of a Basic Design for Conversion of an Offshore Fixed Platform on a Depleted Reservoir Into a Sustainable Plant

Abstract In the framework of energy transition, a focus is given to the study of the conversion of offshore Oil&Gas (O&G) platforms at the end of their life due to the depletion of the reservoirs on which they operate. Their modular and versatile structure allows the implementation of new processes and innovative sustainable technologies for reducing the environmental impact of a complete decommissioning, especially on the subsea ecosystem that has grown around the jacket, and for guaranteeing cost-saving solutions. Among different conversion options, this paper focuses on the installation on the platform of a system for the production of photovoltaic (PV) energy to be used for seawater desalination and its delivery to other platforms operating in the same area. The project focuses on the definition of technical characteristics of the basic design, on the investigation of the technical feasibility of the conversion process, and on qualitative safety and environmental impact studies. Moreover, the old platform equipment to be decommissioned (i.e., the equipment necessary for hydrocarbons treatment) are identified, and the installation of new equipment is optimized, e.g., the number of PV panels and, therefore, the installed power are maximized. At the same time, decommissioning costs and impacts can be minimized. The basic design is completed with a preliminary structural verification to guarantee that critical situations do not rise, with an indication on the main maintenance activities for the preservation of plant good efficiency and with safety and environmental preliminary analyses for the identification of potential criticalities to be managed at different design levels.

Improving the Quality of Manufacturing of Locomotive Body Frames

The paper describes the process of manufacturing the frame of locomotive bodies, which is a complex step-by-step process of assembling (welding) elements. It has been established that internal stresses cause welding deformations, while the deviation from the straightness of the sidewalls of the electric locomotives body frames of 2ES6, 2ES10, 2ES7 series (manufactured by Ural Locomotives LLC) can reach up to 25 mm with a tolerance of 5 mm. The results of internal stress analysis for linear displacements of 25 mm sidewalls showed that the maximum stress values can reach up to 45 MPa. To improve the accuracy of parameters, the operation of straightening by local heating is introduced into the body frame manufacturing technology. The paper describes the main characteristics of the existing straightening technology in production, shows the main disadvantages. Studies of technical solutions for straightening methods have been carried out. The results show that there are ample opportunities to replace thermal straightening with mechanized vibrational processing, which reduces residual stresses in the product material. The efficiency of vibration treatment largely depends on the selected mode parameters: frequency, amplitude, duration of vibration exposure, as well as the optimal frame vibration treatment scheme. The paper proposes an original scheme for straightening the body frame of electric locomotives in production environment. It is indicated that in order to minimize the forces of static bending, it is necessary to suspend the frame under constraints and move the vibrator(-s) along the length of the frame, dividing it into approximately 3 equal parts. To work out the straightening technology, it is proposed to use PXI Platform equipment with the LabVIEW application. The cost of the straightening operation can be reduced by at least 20%, which will affect the cost of the electric locomotive as a whole.

Experimental study of the shock response of a medium floating shock platform subject to an underwater explosion

<p indent="0mm">A medium floating shock platform was selected as an object, and the shock response affected by underwater explosions was investigated using theoretical and experimental methods. First, the shock response of the platform was tested using experimental methods, such as underwater explosive load, platform shock environment, and structure damage stress. Experimental results were obtained using experimental methods. Second, based on the test results, the platform characteristics were analyzed using theoretical methods, such as the damage status of the platform structure, the environmental acceleration distribution, and the vibration reduction effect of the cushion system. Signification phenomena were obtained by analyzing experimental data and comparing it with the theoretical results. The damage level of the platform belongs to the gradation of light. The maximum shock wave, acceleration, and structural stress to the front-explosion surface are more prominent than those to the back-explosion surface. The maximum structural stress is at the bottom center of the platform. Platform equipment has perfect cushioning effects. Damping efficiency is more than 95%. The results show that the standard strength of the floating shock platform is sufficient, and the mitigation effects of the cushioning system are very effective. The theoretical analysis results are based on simulation calculations in determining the damage level of the platform.

Stand for Remote Development of a Display Visualization System for Civil Aircraft Cockpit

The paper presents the original development of the stand for remote creation and debugging of the visualization system for the display of a civil aircraft cockpit. Any visualization system implies the presence of a person for whom it is ultimately intended. Naturally, such presence is necessary for the process of creating and testing the system. However, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, access to the premises of scientific institutions is limited. The situation is further complicated by the fact that the development of on-board software must take into account the specifics and be carried out on the target on-board equipment. Therefore, we designed and built a stand which provides remote secure access to the target platform, its remote control and makes possible to see the results of its work. We managed to avoid costly solutions and use a regular desktop PC as an auxiliary control computer. As a result the process of developing a visualization system for the cockpit display is not interrupted even when access to the target platform equipment is restricted. © 2021 National Research Nuclear University. All rights reserved.

Dynamic Behavior Analysis of the Auto-leveling System for Large Scale Transporter Type Platform Equipment on the Ground Slope

Dynamic Behavior Analysis of the Auto-leveling System for Large Scale Transporter Type Platform Equipment on the Ground Slope

Research on key technologies of multi-task-oriented live maintenance robots for Ultra High Voltage multi-split transmission lines

Purpose The purpose of this study is to solve the key technical problems of the practical application of electric robots. The UHV multi-split transmission line power cable operation robot is an important equipment to ensure the reliable operation of high voltage lines and is a useful exploration to realize high-quality power transmission. As the robot system platform equipment mature and operation environment gradually become more complex, the double arm coordination motion control in extreme environment becomes one of the main bottleneck for its practical in power system. Design/methodology/approach This paper summarizes the key technologies related to power cable robots, and aims at key technical indicators such as operation reliability, operation efficiency and operation quality in the robot’s practical process. The dynamic evolution mechanism of the robot’s mechanical configuration, the multi-physics information fusion algorithm in extreme environments, the robot’s autonomous positioning and its error compensation control, the robot’s robust motion control in extreme environments and the dual-arm force-position hybrid coordination control and the dynamic distribution and elimination mechanism of internal forces in the closed chain between robots and operating objects, all the research methods and solutions of the key technologies are proposed, respectively. Findings Finally, a new control architecture for power cable robots in the background of the Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things is proposed so as to manage the operation and maintenance of electric power systems. The above key technologies are a new exploration of the operation and maintenance management of EHV (Extra High Voltage) multi-split transmission lines which have laid a solid theoretical foundation for the power cable robot. Originality/value High voltage transmission line is the main channel of power transmission. It is an important means to improve the integration of operation and maintenance management of power system to use robot instead of manual inspection and maintenance of power line, in the promotion and application of electric robot. The authors pay attention to the practicability, and the breakthrough of key technologies of robot is the premise of the practicability of robot. In this paper, the robot operation and control in multi-task and complex scenes are studied. The research and implementation of the main key technologies, such as the dynamic evolution mechanism of robot configuration, the coupling and fusion law of multi physical fields in the extreme electric power environment, the autonomous positioning control of manipulator, the robust control of robot in the super electromagnetic field environment and the cooperative operation control of multi manipulator, are discussed.

Fracture failure analysis of pressure gauge bolt on fuel gas system of offshore platform

Gas turbine generator unit is the most important equipment on the offshore platform, the reliability of pressure gauge on its fuel gas system affects the operation of the entire platform equipment. In this paper, an abnormal fracture failure of pressure gauge bolt on fuel gas system of offshore platform was investigated. Series experiments of visual examination, chemical analysis, fractography analysis, metallographic analysis, and hardness analysis were conducted on the pressure gauge bolts. Thereafter, the failure mechanism of the pressure gauge bolt was discussed based on the experimental results and bolt service environment. It was concluded that the bolt was fractured due to the stress corrosion cracking, and the poor corrosion resistance of bolt materials is the main cause. Finally, countermeasures were proposed to address similar problems.

The future of Internet of Things in agriculture: Plant high-throughput phenotypic platform

With continuous collaborative research in sensor technology, communication technology, plant science, computer science and engineering science, Internet of Things (IoT) in agriculture has made a qualitative leap through environmental sensor networks, non-destructive imaging, spectral analysis, robotics, machine vision and laser radar technology. Physical and chemical analysis can continuously obtain environmental data, experimental metadata (including text, image and spectral, 3D point cloud and real-time growth data) through integrated automation platform equipment and technical means. Based on data on multi-scale, multi-environmental and multi-mode plant traits that constitute big data on plant phenotypes, genotype–phenotype–envirotype relationship in the omics system can be explored deeply. Detailed information on the formation mechanism of specific biological traits can promote the process of functional genomics, plant molecular breeding and efficient cultivation. This study summarises the development background, research process and characteristics of high-throughput plant phenotypes. A systematic review of the research progress of IoT in agriculture and plant high-throughput phenotypes is conducted, including the acquisition and analysis of plant phenotype big data, phenotypic trait prediction and multi-recombination analysis based on plant phenomics. This study proposes key techniques for current plant phenotypes, and looks forward to the research on plant phenotype detection technology in the field environment, fusion and data mining of plant phenotype multivariate data, simultaneous observation of multi-scale phenotype platform and promotion of a comprehensive high-throughput phenotype technology.

OBLIQUE IMAGES AND DIRECT PHOTOGRAMMETRY WITH A FIXED WING PLATFORM: FIRST TEST AND RESULTS IN HIERAPOLIS OF PHRYGIA (TK)

Abstract. The complex archaeological site documentation benefits for a long time now from the aerial point of view and remote sensing methods. Moreover, the recent research on UAV photogrammetry platform equipment and flight planning actively contribute in this sense for a scaling improvement and cost-benefits balance. Frequently, the experiences on articulated topographic profiles in archaeological excavations require not only a multi-sensor approach but also and above all a multiscale one. According to this line, in a general time-cost ration framework, the geometric content of the generated DSMs should be complete of nadir and oblique point of view for the accurate 3D reconstruction of both upstanding buildings and excavations. In the same way, also the radiometric content closely depends on sensor payload quality and is strictly affected by excavation site condition, related to the site material and light. In this research, carried out in the impressive archaeological site of the ancient city of Hierapolis in Phrygia (Turkey) in the autumn 2019 campaign, the main goal was to evaluate and validate the overall performance of a novel UAV fix-wing ultralight platform with onboard GNSS receiver for RTK/PPK processing of cameras positioning and with the possibility of oblique images capturing. The expected contribute in terms of the acquisition, processing time, radiometric enhancement and geometry 3D reconstruction will be explored with preliminary test and outcomes, and with the results of the high-scale DSM and orthoimage generation of the complete Hierapolis site.

Structural Safety Assessment of Connection between Sloshing Tank and 6-DOF Platform Using Co-Simulation of Fluid and Multi-Flexible-Body Dynamics

Prediction of sloshing loads, which is one of the most important issues in the design of LNG carriers, has usually been carried out by experiments. When designing a 6-DOF platform equipment used for sloshing experiments, it should target a system containing a fluid, not a solid, thereby making it difficult to predict precisely the dynamic load due to the changes of a center of mass according to the tank’s movement. In the present study, two-way co-simulation technology between DualSPHysics and RecurDyn has been developed to analyze the mechanical behavior in multi-body system coupled with fluid motion; in which DualSPHysics is an open-source code based on particle method for fluid analysis and RecurDyn a commercial software for multi-flexible-body dynamics (MFBD). The developed technology was applied to the sloshing problem inside a tank connected to an upper plate on a 6-DOF platform. The simulation results were verified through comparison with the experiments conducted for this study independently, such as snapshots of flow motion, pressure on the cargo hold, and force applied to the tank-platform connection. Finally, to investigate the effects of fluid dynamic load on structural safety assessment, a two-way co-simulation between fluid-MFBD analysis was performed for two cases filling partially with fluid and solid. As a result, it was concluded that the sloshing experiment system used in this study was quite safe, and the feasibility of using the present co-simulation technology for structural safety assessment was confirmed.

Image Motion Compensation Control Technology of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Airborne Photoelectric Reconnaissance Platform

Airborne photoelectric platform has a wide application prospect in the field of imaging, especially in the field of UAV reconnaissance. However, in the process of image acquisition, the photoelectric platform equipment will produce obvious image shift because of its own attitude change or speed instability, so it is necessary to compensate the collected image. In this study, when the image motion compensation is carried out, the internal and external parameters of the camera are adjusted, and the geometric model of the image is established. The Camera Calibration Toolbox provided by MatLab is used to calibrate the internal parameters of camera. At the same time, when obtaining the camera's internal parameters, the corresponding flight attitude angle is obtained with the aid of the inertial navigation system. At the same time of acquiring the attitude of the aircraft by hardware, it is necessary to obtain the image shift coefficient by using the function. The coordinate system needs to be transformed into a coordinate system suitable for the inertial navigation system, so as to facilitate the calculation of external parameters of the camera. The transformation matrix from image moving image to normal image can be established by obtaining the parameters inside and outside the camera. Through bilinear interpolation, the matrix is derived in MatLab environment. In the experiment, 16 black-and-white grid images are selected to obtain the attitude angle, so as to complete the calculation process of the conversion matrix. Then, the images with image shift are screened out from the images taken in aerial state. The method proposed in this study is used for image compensation. According to the root mean square error analysis, the image compensation scheme proposed in this study is helpful to the imaging application of UAV airborne platform.

Design and Research of Intelligent Operation and Maintenance System for Wisdom Verification Detection Pipeline

Since the pipeline inspection platform equipment bears the main work of the full performance test of the energy meter and the collection terminal, the quality requirements for the metering automation verification pipeline equipment are getting higher and higher, and the reliability also puts forward higher requirements. Design and develop a power meter and acquisition terminal fully compatible with the smart verification detection pipeline system, through the wireless data transmission and computer network technology to automatically detect the temperature rise in the automated pipeline equipment. The intelligent operation and maintenance system uses computer network technology and modern management ideas to combine organic sensors, technology, wireless data transmission technology, data processing technology, and monitoring of abnormal operation of automated pipeline equipment.