Coil Plate Research Articles

Pendekatan Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) untuk Analisis Kerusakan Slitting Coil Machine (Studi Kasus)

As the industry grows, there is a greater demand for efficient production. This is especially true for producing steel pipes in high order. Producing steel pipes involves multiple components, including the coil stand, slitting coil machine, pinch roll and leveler, strip accumulator, edge milling, forming, high-frequency resistance welding (HFRW), and rotary cut-off. All of these components need to work correctly for optimal production. Maintenance is also essential to prevent problems and damage during production. One common problem is damage to the slitting coil machine, which cuts the coil or steel plate in the production process. This can cause delays and disruptions to production. The Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) value is calculated and analyzed to evaluate the machine's performance. The slitting coil machine has an average OEE value of 62.3%, with an availability ratio of 94.6%, a performance ratio of 69.17%, and a quality ratio of 93.46%.

Development of apparatus for frying semi-finished meat cut

A model of the apparatus for frying chopped semi-finished meat products has been designed, which is distinguished by the technique of heat supply by replacing metal-intensive and inertial heaters with inertia-free ones with a uniform distribution of the temperature field by a film resistive electric heater of radiative type. For condensing juice-containing vapors in functionally closed media, plate coil liquid coolers with Peltier elements are used. At the temperature of the heating surfaces of 180 °C, the cold side of the Peltier element provides a coolant temperature of up to 10 °C. The proposed solution could improve the competitiveness of the device, which is explained by the established technical and operational indicators. The improved device over 300 s provides a temperature in the center of a product of 90 °C, and on surface layers ‒ 130 °C, which characterizes the culinary readiness of meat products. When making samples conventionally, the surface layer warms up to 120 °C, and the central layer – to 72 °C, at the temperature of the contact surface of 160 °C over 180 s with crust formation. In addition, the difference between the opposite layers of the control sample is 85 °C, which confirms the uneven heating during frying in the conventional way, which is explained by the need to use auxiliary operations for turning the product. The heating time to operating temperature was reduced by 88.6 %, specific heat consumption was decreased by 43.0, and productivity by 14.8 %, with full culinary readiness of products, compared with the conventional device. The increase in the resource efficiency of the apparatus for frying meat products was confirmed, which is achieved by the implementation of the proposed design and hardware solutions to ensure the competitiveness of the apparatus that will make it possible to prepare original meat products

Numerical analysis of delamination degradation of epoxy-impregnated superconducting coils wound with REBCO tapes caused by thermal stress

REBa2CuOy (REBCO) superconducting wires are expected to be used in coil applications owing to their excellent magnetic field properties. However, their weak delamination strength may deteriorate the superconducting characteristics of an epoxy-impregnated REBCO coil during cooling. In general, degradation is unlikely to occur if the outer-to-inner diameter ratio is less than 1.4; however, degradation has been reported in single pancake coils with an inner diameter of 560 mm and an outer diameter of 670 mm. A thermal stress analysis study is conducted to investigate the cause of this problem. Considering the non-uniformity of the epoxy resin thickness at the top and bottom of the coil, coil warping during cooling is simulated. When an FRP reinforcement plate is attached to the coil to suppress warpage, a high radial stress generated in the coil owing to the thermal contraction difference between the coil and FRP plate. The maximum local radial stress exerting in the delamination direction is 30 MPa, which is believed to degrade the superconducting characteristics of the REBCO single pancake coils.

Development of a high precision small aperture quadrupole magnet with copper plate coils

Using the conventional coil manufacturing method, the iron core of a small aperture quadrupole magnet needs to be divided into four or more segments to install the excitation coils, which brings assembly errors and generates high-order magnetic field harmonics. In this paper, the development of a high-precision small-aperture quadrupole magnet named HQ22 using copper plate coils is described. The magnet has a bore aperture of 22 mm, a gradient of 90 T/m, and an effective length of 0.36 m. Its coil is mainly composed of a number of U-shaped copper plates, electrical connection sheets, and insulating sheets, which are directly assembled and connected on the pole. Outside the coil, water box with cooling water channel inside is installed to provide indirect cooling to the coil. Using copper plate coil, one-piece or two-piece structure can be adopted for the iron core, so the assembly error is reduced and magnetic field quality can be improved. The research provides an attractive technical scheme for small aperture quadrupole magnets in future light sources. The detailed magnet design, magnetic field calculation and measurement results of HQ22 are presented, and the application prospect of copper plate coil is discussed.

Calculation of 3D transient Eddy current by the face‐smoothed finite element–boundary element coupling method

To calculate the distribution of the magnetic field and eddy current density on the surface of an aluminium plate, a method that couples the face-smoothed finite element method (FS-FEM) to the boundary element method (BEM) is proposed in this study. This method combines the advantages of the FS-FEM and BEM, which can rapidly and accurately calculate the distributions of vertical magnetic field and eddy current field on the surface of an aluminium plate. The structural parameters and material properties of the coil and aluminium plate are considered. An accurate three-dimensional calculation model is established. Then, the vertical magnetic field and eddy current field distributions are calculated in this study. In the case of the same grid density, compared with the finite element–boundary element coupling algorithm, the simulation results show that the FS-FEM and the boundary element coupling method have obvious advantage in improving the calculation accuracy. The maximum relative error between the calculated results and measured results is only 4%. The proposed method in this study is available for reference to the transient open-domain eddy current field analysis.

Prediction and Control of the Mechanical Properties of Rolled Products Via Probabilistic Modeling Methods

Considering the mechanical properties of steel, this work deals with an automated calculation algorithm of the temperature regime of steel hot rolling on broadband mills. The algorithm is based on probabilistic Bayes networks that are designed for the compact expression of the joint distribution density of the rolling parameters, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of rolled steel. In automated mill control systems, such an algorithm can correct setups for the finishing rolling temperature and the coiling temperature for melting specific orders. Depending of the conditions, these parameters can be adjusted up to 200°C, thus providing ample opportunity for tuning the mechanical properties of the metal. Modern control systems for second level broadband mills provide individual setup temperature parameters for the rolling of each coil (plate). The use of this characteristic in an automated mode reduces the intragrade dispersion of the mechanical properties of rolled products and increases yield stability.

Hankel Transform Application for Calculation of Ring Coils Inductance. Part 2

Changes in the geometric parameters of ring coils, which are an essential element of transducer design used for non-destructive testing of ferromagnetic metals, entail a change in the self-induction coefficient (inductance) of alternating magnetic field source. In the article, on the basis of proposed approach [1], the equations for determining the ring coils inductance are obtained, allowing to take into account real dimensions of inductors. They are equally suitable for situations where coil is located in an empty space, as well as near a conductive ferromagnetic or non-ferromagnetic metal. Calculating the inductance of ring coil located near magnetized, conductive ferromagnetic plate, we found that circuit inductance is the frequency-dependent complex-valued function vs distance between plate and ring coil. The measurements of the inductance of a coil located above a conductive ferromagnetic plate with a change in the non-contact value were carried out. The obtained results testify to physical meaningfulness and reliability of theoretical statements and calculations. These qualitative and quantitative results correspond to generally accepted energy definition of self-induction coefficient.

Modeling and Analysis of Thermal Characteristics of Magnetic Coupler for Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging System

The operating temperature of the magnetic coupler in wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for electric vehicles (EVs) determines the system reliability and service life. This paper studies the modeling and analysis of temperature characteristics of a general magnetic coupler. Firstly, a thermal circuit model is established to show the heat transfer of the magnetic coupler in the air. Secondly, the heating mechanism of the coil, core and aluminum (Al) shield plate is studied. The thermal power of each component is calculated, and the temperature distribution is qualitatively given based on the proposed thermal circuit model. Then, the temperature distribution of each component is simulated, and the results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. Finally, a 6.6 kW WPT prototype is set up, and the temperature of each component is measured after 30 minutes of operation. The temperature of the coil, 34.6 °C, is the highest among that of the coil, core, Al plate and coil base. The agreement between experimental results and the theoretical simulation results shows that the thermal field simulation can accurately predict the temperature of the magnetic coupler by reasonably setting the thermal power addition method.

Characteristics of Eddy Current Attenuation and Thickness Measurement of Metallic Plate

In eddy current testing, the law of attenuation of eddy current (EC) is of great concern. In conductive half space under the excitation of uniform magnetic field, the EC density decreases exponentially in the depth direction. However, in conductor with finite thickness tested by coil, the distribution of EC in the depth direction is more complicated. This paper studies the characteristics of EC attenuation in metallic plate of finite thickness. Simulation results show that there is an EC reflection at the bottom of plate, which changes the law of EC attenuation. A new concept, namely the equivalent attenuation coefficient, is proposed to quantify the speed of EC attenuation. The characteristics of EC attenuation are utilized to explain the nonmonotonic relation between coil voltage and plate thickness. Procedure of selecting frequency is discussed. Thereafter, measurement of plate thickness is carried out and accurate result is obtained.

Numerical and Experimental Study on a High-Power Cold Achieving Process of a Coil-Plate Ice-Storage System

Heat dissipation of high-power lasers needs a cold storage and supply system to provide sufficient cooling power. A compact coil-plate heat exchange device has been proposed and applied in the phase-change cold storage system with ice as the cold-storage medium and glycol aqueous solution as the coolant. The heat exchanger consists of several stacked coil-plate units and each unit is constructed with a flat plate and serpentine coils welded on the plate. A simulation model on the cold achieving process of a coil-plate unit was built and verified by the corresponding experiment. The influences of the structural parameters (tube diameter, tube pitch, and plate spacing) of the unit and the inlet temperature and volume flow rate of the coolant on the heat exchange power density were analyzed to obtain the maximal cooling effect in a limited time period. It was found that the heat exchange power density is limited when the tube pitch and plate spacing are large, otherwise, the effective cooling time period is limited. A small plate spacing can make the power density decrease rapidly in the later stage. The inlet coolant temperature can significantly affect the heat exchange power density while the coolant volume flow rate in tube has a small effect on the power density when the coolant is in turbulent state. In a time period of 900 s, for a coil-plate heat exchanger with a plate size of 940 mm ×770 mm and a tube pitch of 78 mm, when the plate spacing is 20 mm, the average heat exchange power density is 5.1 kW/m2 when the inlet temperature and volume flow rate of the coolant are 20 °C and 0.5 m3/h, respectively. The total cooling power of several stacked coil-plate units in the limited time period can match the high requirement of laser heat dissipation.

SIMULATION SYSTEM OPTIMIZE THE TIME OF PROCESS

<em>PT. LTX is a company engaged in manufacturing that produce tin plate coil form. Coil packaging process needs to be done before it is sent to the customer. In the process of packaging the coil is found on the machine appender bottleneck causing measurement stations of diameter and wrapping coil to be delayed which makes the time coil packaging is not optimal. This study aims to determine the simulation model of the existing coil packaging process, determining the proposed improvements to optimize the timing of coil packaging process, as well as find out the time optimal coil packaging process. This study uses a software simulation with ProModel 7.5. ProModel simulation results showed that the average time coil packaging process for 657.81 hours per month, so that made three design alternatives and the best improvement is the third alternative with the addition of resources such as forklifts and additional mounting stations crown that yield an average of 315.296 hours per month.</em>

Non-Resonant Electromagnetic Broad-Band Vibration-Energy Harvester Based on Self-Assembled Ferrofluid Liquid Bearing

This paper reports a non-resonant, broadband electromagnetic vibration-energy harvester based on self-assembled ferrofluid liquid bearing. Magnet array is suspended by the liquid bearing over a microfabricated multi-layer coil plate such that the energy harvester does not rely on any mechanical resonance, and can harvest vibration energy over a broad frequency range. An analytical model of the non-resonant energy harvester with liquid bearing is developed to predict the frequency responses under various external accelerations. Experimental results show that the electromagnetic energy harvester occupying 1.1 cm3 and weighing 2.5 gram generates an induced electromotive force of $\text{V}_{\mathrm {rms}} =61$ to 93.7 mV (delivering 11.6– $27.5~\mu \text{W}$ power into 80- $\Omega $ load) from 2-g acceleration at 2–4 Hz. When the energy harvester is placed on the back of a human walking at various speeds, the power output is increased as the walking speed is increased from 0.44 m/s (walking) to 3.56 m/s (running), and reaches $18.1~\mu \text{W}$ at 3.56 m/s. [2016-0167]

The Characteristics of Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer of Coils Used in Solar Collectors

Helically coiled tubes have good performance in heat transfer exchangers, and have been paid more attention to in several fields of new energy and sustainable energy. With the application in solar energy collections, the characteristics of pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient need to be studied clearly. For this, experiments and simulations of coils for flow and heat transfer in solar collector have been conducted in this paper. The effect of regularity of coils parameters of tube diameter, coil radius and coil pitches etc. on pressure losses and heat transfer coefficients were observed and discussed, respectively. It was found that under the experimental conditions of lower mass flow rate, the flow resistance pressure drop of coiled tube is larger than those of the other pipes, especially when the Re number is more than 15000 under the high mass flow rate. And the flow resistance pressure drop of bigger plate coils is smaller, and the larger the mass flow rate is, the greater the difference will be. For heat transfer characteristics, the heat transfer coefficient of coiled tubes showed a trend of increase with increasing the curvature of the spiral, and the length to diameter ratio on heat transfer coefficient of the influence for plane spiral tube. At the same time, experimental and simulation results found that length to diameter ratio of coiled tube has little effect under the experimental conditions and the effect of helical pitch on heat transfer coefficient is the least among the above factors.

Теплоотдача и падение давления при кипении хладагентов в змеевиках

Теплоотдача и падение давления при кипении хладагентов в змеевиках

세척이 가능한 원통 코일형 열교환기의 파울링 특성에 관한 연구

In this work, we studied the shell and helically coiled tube heat exchangers. Shell and coil heat exchangers with different rate of water flow and plate heat exchanger with same capacity were tested for condensing conditions. We proposed design guide using modified Wilson plot method. We compared fouling characteristics between shell and coil heat exchanger and plate heat exchanger, when they were washed and were not washed. The shell and coil heat exchanger showed 120% of higher saturated fouling resistance value and 4% of better heat transfer ratio than the plate heat exchanger.

等差数列的N项和及其应用

本文通过计算实例，介绍了等差数列N项和的计算方法。双心螺线概念在本文重新提出，用以確定螺旋板换热器和其它板卷的长度与直径。四心螺线作图法及其计算与本課题相关，在此一并作了介绍。 This paper introduces the methodology for calculating the sum of N terms of an arithmetic series with practical examples. The concept of the double-center spiral is introduced again to determine the length and diameter of a spiral heat exchanger and other plate coils as well. A related topic, the drawing and its calculation of a four-center spiral, is also presented.

Magnetic Circuit Analyses and Turning Chatter Suppression Based on a Squeeze-Mode Magnetorheological Damping Turning Tool

As a smart material, magnetorheological fluid (MRF) has been utilized in fields including civil engineering and automotive engineering, and so on. In this study, the MR damping turning tool based on the squeeze-mode was developed to improve the vibration resistance of the tool system on the lathe. The 3D magnetic circuit simulations of the damper were performed. The influences of damper structural parameters, such as coil positions, plate thicknesses, and others, on the magnetic induction strength were investigated. Orthogonal experiments were carried out and the optimal combination of damper parameters was determined. The chatter suppressive experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of the MR damping turning tool.

Design and Fabrication of a Hybrid HTS Magnet for 150 kJ SMES

This paper describes design and fabrication of a hybrid high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet for a 150 kJ superconducting magnetic energy system. The hybrid HTS magnet, which employs both BSCCO taps and YBCO taps, is composed of 18 double pancake coils (DPC). Six DPC made of BSCCO are respectively installed on the top and bottom with an inner diameter of 240 mm, an outer diameter of 396 mm, and height of 11.5 mm. Six YBCO coils are mounted in the middle of the magnet with the inner and outer diameters of 264, 396 mm and height of 12.1 mm. Copper plates with thickness of 1 mm are arranged between DPC for the cooling of the heat, and epoxy resin plates with thickness of 0.2 mm are arranged between coil and copper plate for the insulation. The inductance of the magnet is about 11.06 H and the resistance is 169.5 Ω at the room temperature. In order to evaluation the performance of the hybrid magnet, each solidified DPC and the assembled magnet were tested in a bath of liquid nitrogen at 77 K. The resistances of 17 joints were also measured and evaluated by the standard four-probe method.

Experimental and Simulation Study on the Effects of Twisted Coil Plates on the Performance of Fire Tube Boiler

Influences of twisted coil plate insert on the performance of fire tube boiler using were experimentally investigated. In this study, the twisted coil plate was placed inside the tube to illustrate boiler performance. The performances of boiler were studied in terms of operating time taken, exhaust flue gas temperature, steam temperature and boiler efficiency. The boiler was operated with 50%, 100% and without tube coil plate inserts at low and high fire burner setting. Based on the results obtained, effect of twisted plate insert and without insert were observed. There is an enhancement in boiler performance in terms of boiler efficiency. The ANSYS Fluent simulation showed the effect of width ratio and twist ratio. Therefore, the experimental results indicate that using twisted coil plate in the boiler is one of the best ways to improve boiler performance.

多数枚のアルミニウム薄板の電磁圧接と衝突時間測定

A lithium ion battery bank used for electric vehicles is composed of many cells and current-collector tubs, and a large current passes through the tubs from the bank and flow to a motor. Moreover, a joining method for multi-stacked aluminum sheets is required. In this paper, we present a magnetic pulse welding method for five aluminum sheets with four gaps and a measurement method for four collision time signals. The four signals are simultaneously measured with two oscilloscopes. The five sheets used are of same thickness. An experiment is performed on 0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0mm thickness respectively. The first sheet on a plate coil experiences only an electromagnetic force, but the second sheet on the coil experiences both an electromagnetic force and an impact force by collision with the first sheet. Therefore, the time it takes for the second sheet to collide with the next sheet is always shorter than that for the first sheet. The five aluminum sheets were seam-welded along narrow middle of the coil. In a shearing tension test, five seam-welded sheets of 0.5mm thickness obtained at 3.5 kJ did not come off on four joined interfaces corresponding to the four gaps, but fractured in the five sheets. When all collisions generated in the four gaps are finished within a first wave of electromagnetic force, the five sheets may be strongly joined.