Leukocyte-rich versus leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma for Osteoarthritis: A systematic review.

P0128 Cord blood platelet-rich plasma (CB-PRP) plus penile traction therapy versus penile traction alone in patients with Peyronie's disease: A randomized clinical trial (CBPRP-TRAC1)

P0508 Effect of diabetes on quality-of-life improvement after platelet-rich plasma therapy for women with stress urinary incontinence

A0021 Efficacy of periurethral Platelet-Rich plasma therapy in women with stress urinary Incontinence: A prospective evaluation using VAS, Stamey Scale, and King's Health questionnaire

Plasma-activated medium (PAM), which generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), has emerged as a promising anti-cancer approach. However, although PAM effectively eliminates bulk tumor cells, surviving populations often acquire enhanced stem cell-like properties, suggesting selective resistance in cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying CSC resistance to PAM-induced oxidative stress in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CD133+ and CD133- subpopulations were isolated from A549 lung cancer cells to evaluate their sensitivity to PAM-induced cytotoxicity. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, apoptosis, and antioxidant defense mechanisms were assessed in vitro, while therapeutic efficacy was examined using xenograft mouse models. CD133+ A549 cells exhibited marked resistance to PAM-induced apoptosis compared with CD133- cells, accompanied by significantly reduced intracellular ROS accumulation. Peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5) was identified as a key antioxidant enzyme that was highly up-regulated in CD133+ cells and essential for maintaining redox homeostasis. Genetic silencing of PRDX5 in CD133+ cells significantly enhanced PAM-mediated cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, restoring sensitivity to oxidative damage. Furthermore, combining PRDX5 knockdown with PAM treatment or co-administering PAM with paclitaxel substantially suppresses tumor growth in xenograft models, reducing tumor burden and inflammatory responses. These findings reveal PRDX5 as a key survival factor enabling CSCs to evade plasma therapy and suggest that targeting PRDX5 alongside PAM or conventional chemotherapy could improve treatment outcomes in NSCLC. PRDX5 plays a central role in mediating oxidative stress resistance in CD133+ lung cancer stem-like cells, enabling their survival following PAM treatment. Targeting PRDX5, either alone or in combination with PAM or conventional chemotherapy, represents a promising strategy to overcome cancer stem cell-mediated resistance and improve therapeutic outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer.

Experimental models such as heterochronic parabiosis and heterochronic plasma transfer have profoundly advanced our understandingof systemic aging, demonstrating that circulating factors can influence brain, vascular, and immune aging through cell nonautonomousmechanisms. These preclinical models have revealed that both pro-geronic and anti-geronic signals in blood canmodulate neuroinflammation, neurovascular health, and cognitive resilience. However, despite their experimental promise, the clinicaltranslation of these findings, particularly through plasma-based interventions in humans, remains fraught with uncertainty. This reviewcritically examines the strengths and limitations of parabiosis-based paradigms as platforms for discovery, contrasts them with earlyhuman plasma infusion studies, and evaluates the current biological, medical, and ethical challenges associated with young plasmatherapies. Therapeutic plasma exchange has also emerged as a potential rejuvenation strategy, but its mechanisms, efficacy, and longtermsafety remain incompletely understood. We argue that future progress in systemic rejuvenation will depend on precise,mechanistically informed interventions-rather than broad, premature applications of plasma therapies, which require furthervalidation through rigorous scientific investigation.

Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare but life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) caused by severe deficiency of the von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease ADAMTS13. Pregnancy is a recognized trigger for both immune-mediated and congenital TTP and is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity. Clinical overlap with other pregnancy-associated TMAs, including preeclampsia and Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count (HELLP) syndrome, often delays diagnosis. This review synthesizes current evidence on pathophysiology, diagnostic uncertainty, and gestation-specific management of pregnancy-associated TTP, highlighting differences between immune-mediated and congenital disease. Methods: This is a narrative review. We performed a targeted literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE (from inception to December 2025) to identify English-language publications. The study types included were case reports/series, observational studies, large database studies, randomized trials, reviews, and relevant guidelines addressing TMA in pregnancy, with emphasis on immune-mediated and congenital TTP. Search terms included "pregnancy", "thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura", "hereditary TTP", "acquired TTP", "ADAMTS13," "thrombotic microangiopathy," "HELLP," "postpartum", and "complement-mediated TMA" alone or in combination. The search was supplemented by manual screening of reference lists and key guidelines. Articles were selected based on relevance to diagnosis and management of pregnancy-associated TTP. Conference abstracts and non-peer-reviewed sources were not routinely included and were considered only when peer-reviewed evidence was limited. Results: Pregnancy-associated TTP remains a major diagnostic challenge due to overlapping clinical and laboratory features with other obstetric thrombotic microangiopathies. Distinguishing immune-mediated from congenital TTP is essential, as management and prognosis differ substantially. Prompt recognition and early initiation of therapeutic plasma exchange, immunosuppression, or prophylactic plasma therapy markedly improve maternal outcomes. Rapid ADAMTS13 testing, structured risk stratification, and multidisciplinary care are central to optimal management. Fetal outcomes are closely linked to gestational age at onset and timeliness of therapy. Conclusions: Early differentiation of TTP from other pregnancy-associated TMAs is critical for maternal and fetal survival. Advances in rapid ADAMTS13 diagnostics and emerging targeted therapies, including caplacizumab and recombinant ADAMTS13, offer opportunities to improve precision management and outcomes in future pregnancies.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of biologic therapies, which include platelet-rich plasma and cell-based therapies (e.g., adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells), on pain, physical function, and disease progression in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA), focusing on studies with a follow-up of at least 12 months. We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) posted at some stage in January 2000-May 2025. Eligible research protected the ones in adults with Kellgren-Lawrence grades I-III OA who underwent at least 12 months of follow-up. The bias risk was assessed, and the evidence certainty was evaluated. Random-effects models were used for pooled analyses. Fourteen RCTs were included. Compared with control treatments, biologic therapies significantly reduced pain and improved physical function. Potential structural benefits, including cartilage thickness preservation and favourable biochemical changes, were noted. However, substantial heterogeneity in study design and intervention protocols, along with potential publication bias, reduced the certainty of evidence to a very low level. Biologic therapies may be associated with improvements in pain and physical function at ≥12 months of follow-up, with preliminary indications of structural benefit. Nevertheless, high-quality multicenter RCTs with extended follow-up are warranted.

Skin involvement in haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) raises suspicion for atypical HUS; here, we report a child with gangrene and confirmed STEC-HUS. A 3-year-old boy with aggressive HUS presented with leukocytes 33,100/mm3, haemoglobin 7.8g/dL, platelets 93,000/mm3, LDH 6020IU/L, creatinine 2.4mg/dL, sodium 124mEq/L, albumin 1.9g/dL, C-reactive protein 94mg/L. He required peritoneal dialysis, mechanical ventilation for seizures, and milrinone for cardiac dysfunction. On day seven, ischemic lesions on two fingertips developed, prompting plasma infusions. Skin biopsy confirmed thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Further investigations confirmed STEC infection (anti-LPS IgM positive) and excluded aHUS and other TMA causes, allowing plasma therapy discontinuation and avoidance of eculizumab. After 21days of dialysis and 13 days of mechanical ventilation, the patient was discharged. Two months later, fingertip auto-amputation occurred. This case highlights the importance of differentiating STEC-HUS from aHUS when skin involvement is present, given the major therapeutic and prognostic implications.

The relevance of this review is due to the necessity of analyzing the current state of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy in various areas of medicine and the possibilities of using this method of therapy. Objective: to make the literature review that covers the problem of PRP therapy application in medical practice. PRP has been used in medicine for more than 50 years. Recently, the interest in PRP drugs application has increased worldwide. This is due to the high efficiency, safety for the patient and the low cost of the method. Currently, PRP therapy is used in dermatology and cosmetology, traumatology and orthopedics, dentistry, surgical practice (cardiac surgery, maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, purulent surgery, and others), obstetrics and gynecology. The sphere of platelet-rich plasma application is constantly expanding, and the list of diseases for which PRP drugs are prescribed is constantly being updated. Despite the widespread use of PRP therapy in medical practice, the potential of this treatment method has not yet been fully explored and further study of the possibilities of application in various fields of medicine is required.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has emerged as a promising anticancer approach because of its ability to selectively eliminate malignant cells. Among the proposed mechanisms of this selectivity, the Bauer theory emphasizes the synergistic action of plasma-derived hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitrite (NO2-), leading to the transient generation of primary singlet oxygen (1O2). This early event inactivates membrane-bound catalase, allowing tumor cell-derived H2O2 and peroxynitrite to initiate a self-amplifying cycle that produces secondary 1O2, as a hallmark of CAP selectivity. To test this hypothesis, in this work, we monitored extracellular dissolved oxygen (DO) dynamics in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells treated with an argon plasma jet using time-resolved phosphorescence lifetime spectroscopy. Temporal variations in DO likely reflect the cumulative effect of rapid 1O2 production and its reactions with cells. A delayed surge in extracellular 1O2 was observed specifically in dying cancer cells within the 10-20 min window predicted by the model. Intracellular ROS imaging confirmed a strong correlation between intracellular ROS, extracellular 1O2 dynamics, and viability loss. Together, these results provide mechanistic validation of Bauer's redox model and suggest that early oxygen dynamics after CAP exposure can serve as predictive markers for treatment efficacy in plasma or photodynamic therapies.

Relevance. Peri-implant soft tissue management remains a frequent clinical challenge in dental practice. Adequate thickness and width of keratinized peri-implant mucosa are essential for the long-term stability and functional performance of implant-supported prosthetic restorations. At present, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to conventional soft tissue grafting. The preparation of viable platelets with active growth factors requires the use of specialized collection tubes and a swing-bucket centrifuge. Objective: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of PRP therapy for peri-implant soft tissue remodeling. Materials and methods. During the study period, 72 dental implants were placed in 56 patients, who were divided into two study groups. In Group 1, peri-implant soft tissue grafting was performed simultaneously with implant placement and healing abutment connection. In Group 2, platelet-rich plasma was administered via four intramucosal injections at peri-implant sites with soft tissue deficiency at weekly intervals. Intergroup comparisons of keratinized mucosa thickness and width were performed using the independent Student’s t-test. Changes in mucosal width were additionally analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), with group, measurement direction, and time as factors. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (M ± SD). Results. Three months after implant placement, the thickness of keratinized peri-implant mucosa increased by 1.4 mm in Group 1 and by 1.1 mm in Group 2. The intergroup difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). In the vestibular direction, changes in keratinized mucosa width did not differ significantly between groups (p > 0.05). In contrast, statistically significant differences were observed in the oral direction (p < 0.05). Although Group 1 demonstrated a greater increase in mucosal width, predominantly on the oral aspect, clinical examination revealed that peri-implant soft tissues in Group 2 appeared denser and more homogeneous. Conclusion. PRP therapy represents an effective and minimally invasive alternative to surgical soft tissue augmentation, providing measurable increases in both the thickness and width of keratinized peri-implant mucosa. The observed improvement in soft tissue firmness suggests enhanced peri-implant mucosal integration; however, long-term clinical outcomes require further investigation. Despite a smaller increase in oral mucosal width compared with surgical grafting procedures, PRP therapy appears to promote the formation of a denser and potentially more stable peri-implant transmucosal seal.

Canine pyoderma is a common dermatological condition that is still frequently treated with systemic antibiotics in small animal practice. In light of increasing antibiotic resistance, particularly due to methicillin-resistant staphylococci, topical therapy is gaining importance. Numerous studies have now demonstrated the efficacy of topical treatments, especially for superficial pyodermas. Chlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite, benzoyl peroxide, and ethyl lactate are among the most commonly used agents, with chlorhexidine showing the strongest antibacterial effect. In addition to its antimicrobial action, topical therapy can also strengthen the epidermal barrier and improve the animal's well-being, especially in allergic dogs. However, further clinical studies are required to validate the efficacy of newer agents, such as olanexidine and plant extracts. Physical therapies such as cold plasma, fluorescence biomodulation, and low-level laser therapy have shown promising results as adjunctive options for topical therapie and wound healing promotion. Comprehensive diagnostics to identify the underlying primary disease and regular follow-up are essential to prevent relapses.

Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP) is a rare pigmentary disorder primarily affecting patients with skin of color. Currently, comprehensive evaluations for procedural interventions for LPP are limited in the literature. In this review, we assess current procedural options for LPP treatment, focusing on their efficacy, safety, and practical considerations. A comprehensive literature search using PubMed and Embase identified English studies published through December 2024 that examined cosmetic procedures for the treatment of LPP. Keywords included “lichen planus pigmentosus,” “laser,” “chemical peel,” “glycolic acid,” “salicylic acid,” “TCA,” “jessner,” “VI,” “cosmetic procedure,” “procedure”, and related terms. Articles without original data, sufficient results, or human participants were excluded. Data on study design, participant characteristics, procedural details, and clinical outcomes were extracted and reported in this descriptive review. A total of 16 studies were reviewed, which highlighted procedural approaches to managing LPP, including chemical peels (eg, phenol and glycolic acid), laser therapy (eg, Q-switched Nd:YAG, CO2 fractional, Picosecond Nd:YAG, erbium-doped fiber), and platelet-rich plasma therapy. Evidence was limited by small sample sizes, lack of randomized controlled trials, and reliance on case reports and series. Most studies included fewer than 20 participants, limiting the generalizability of findings. In conclusion, procedural interventions can serve as an alternative treatment option for LPP, especially for those unresponsive to standard treatments. Further research with larger cohorts and comparative trials are needed to further elucidate current findings. J Drugs Dermatol. 2026;25(2): doi:10.36849/JDD.9209.

Diabetic wound healing remains significant clinical challenge due to impaired cellular responses, chronic inflammation and delayed tissue regeneration. The review explores the differences in normal and diabetic wound based on duration of wound and causative of injury, whereas in diabetic wound, healing has a complex pathology due to persistent hyperglycaemia this can lead to poor wound closure which exhibits the deregulation of inflammatory phase, reduced skin cell function and neuropathy. The investigation found that dis-regulation in autologous keratinocytes or autologous fibroblasts, growth factor expression, cytokines and stem cells, as well as aberrant cellular expression of all participating cells, are the causes of delayed wound healing in diabetics. The topical applications of growth factor such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) have shown to accelerate wound healing activity. The key approaches in treatment of diabetic wound healing include: Tissue(T), Infection(I), Moisture(M) and Epithelial(E). TIME describes the fundamental cause of chronic wound activity. The novel treatment such as nano-therapy, gene-therapy, stem-cell based therapy, stimuli responsive wound dressings and bio-engineered human skin substituents can replicate the natural skin structure. In addition to advanced technologies such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, 3D bioprinting field and extra cellular matrix based approaches have made personalized tailored treatments. The emerging role of micro-RNA (miR) based therapy is discussed highlighting their ability to regulate multiple gene involved in wound healing. Despite progress, further exploration is required to translate these advancements into effective clinical solutions for managing chronic diabetic wounds.

Background/Objectives: Recurrent oral ulcers (ROUs) are a common condition that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. This pilot study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary results of using non-thermal plasma (NTP) compared to low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and placebo to treat these ulcers. Methods: A prospective, controlled, randomised, parallel-group pilot study was conducted using a convenience sample of 50 patients with ROUs. Patients were randomly assigned (2:2:1) to one of three groups: NTP (n = 20), LLLT (n = 20), and placebo (n = 10). Feasibility and preliminary data acquisition were the primary goals. Exploratory outcomes included ulcer size reduction and safety profile. This was a single-blinded trial, where participants and outcome assessors were masked to group assignment. Ulcer size, pain perception, and time to complete healing were measured. For statistical analysis, ANOVA was used, with a p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The groups were comparable at baseline. Exploratory results suggest that NTP demonstrated a promising trend in accelerating healing, with a mean healing time difference of 5.5 days compared to LLLT (2.5 ± 1.9 days vs. 8.0 ± 4.3 days) and 7.1 days compared to placebo (2.5 ± 1.9 days vs. 9.6 ± 5.3 days) (p < 0.001). Regarding pain, NTP provided significant and sustained relief. Patients in the NTP group were asymptomatic on day 2, unlike the LLLT and placebo groups, where pain persisted significantly (NTP VAS score at 1 h: 1.1 ± 2.1 vs. LLLT/Placebo VAS score at 1 h: 3.4 ± 2.4 and 7.3 ± 1.9, respectively) (p < 0.001). NTP was well tolerated, and no adverse events were reported. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that NTP is a potentially safe and effective therapy for recurrent oral ulcers. Preliminary results indicate that it may accelerate healing and offer superior pain relief, warranting a large-scale clinical trial to confirm these findings.

Congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (cTTP) is a rare autosomal recessive condition that causes deficiency of the von Willebrand factor (vWF)-cleaving metalloprotease, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13). Traditionally, cTTP has been managed with plasma infusions, whether in the acute or prophylactic settings; however, there are various limitations and risks associated with this treatment modality. Recombinant ADAMTS13 (rADAMTS13) is the first FDA-approved product for management of cTTP. A phase III study compared rADAMTS13 to standard of care in which patients initially received prophylactic rADAMTS13 or plasma therapy, then crossed over to the alternative therapy. Patients receiving prophylactic rADAMTS13 had no acute cTTP events and lower rates of cTTP manifestations compared to standard of care. This article reviews the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, dosing, administration, and implications for advanced practitioners of rADAMTS13 for the management of cTTP.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common condition characterized by progressive hair loss, closely associated with androgen hormone activity and genetic predisposition. Although platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has gained attention for its regenerative potential and ability to stimulate follicular activity, the synergistic effect of combining PRP with mesotherapy remains unexplored. This case report presents a successful protocol involving a male patient with advanced AGA whose condition was further aggravated by chemical damage from a bleaching procedure. The therapeutic protocol included intradermal injections of PRP in combination with customized blends of active ingredients by mesotherapy, administered in multiple sessions. Quantitative photographic analysis revealed a visual increase in hair density, along with notable improvements in hair thickness and scalp health. The patient expressed great satisfaction with both the aesthetic results and scalp comfort. These results demonstrate the potential of an integrative PRP-mesotherapy approach as safe and effective treatment for patients with complex androgenetic alopecia.

A bioorthogonal click reaction-based platelet-rich plasma delivery system for accelerating wound healing.

The Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) is the primary stabilizer of the elbow against valgus stress during overhead throwing motions. Injury rates among young athletes especially have risen sharply in recent years, with male athletes aged 15-19 representing 54% of all UCL injuries, sparking a growing interest in reconstruction and the biology behind it. Although advances in surgical techniques and new biological therapies have become more popular, there are still gaps in our understanding of the optimal treatment for each case. Long term outcomes of new techniques, sex-based differences, and differences in injury patterns all influence the choice of treatment. This review evaluates current evidence on UCL injury management in order to help identify the optimal treatment selection criteria and highlight areas in need of more research. Male athletes are more likely to sustain acute distal tears whereas females are more likely to sustain chronic midsubstance injuries. Surgically, the docking technique remains the gold standard due to high return-to-play rates and fewer complications. However, there are new methods arising such as the interference screw and internal bracing that are showing promise in younger athletes and revision cases. Non-surgical treatments including platelet rich plasma or PRP therapy, physical therapy rehabilitation, and bracing have shown variable outcomes but have been seen to be a viable alternative for partial tears. Future research needs to focus on long-term outcomes of newer surgical techniques, optimization of biological therapies, and clarification of sex-based differences in UCL injury and treatment.