Plantation Sector Research Articles

Implementing early childhood care and education policies for marginalized children: The challenge of conflicting interests among diverse governing bodies and local actors in Sri Lanka

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate how the presence of diverse governing bodies and local actors with conflicting interests hinders the implementation of early childhood care and education (ECCE) policies, resulting in the exclusion of children from ECCE programmes in the plantation sector, one of the most marginalized social sectors in Sri Lanka. The research employed a qualitative case study design, collecting data through in‐depth interviews (N = 29) and two focus‐group discussions. The thematic analysis revealed that child development outcomes in the estate/plantation sector are at risk primarily due to exclusion of children from ECCE programmes caused by conflicts between local governing bodies and local actors, which impede partnerships for policy implementation. The conflicting interests of diverse governing bodies and local actors at the community level act as a filter through which government‐proposed ECCE programmes are reinterpreted and ultimately rejected. The implications of the present study thus suggest that despite the restraining influence of local governing bodies and local actors, there is a potential for participatory governance that can foster collaboration between government institutions, local‐level governing bodies and local actors.

MODEL COMPARISON OF VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE RESHAPED AND SARIMA IN SEASONAL DATA (A CASE STUDY OF TEA PRODUCTION IN PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VIII INDONESIA)

PT Perkebunan Nusantara VIII (PTPN VIII) is a State-Owned Enterprise (BUMN). It operates in the plantation sector. The leading commodity is tea. The demand for tea produced by PTPN VIII is increasing. Thus, planning tea production is necessary. One of the production planning efforts is through forecasting based on previous data. Tea production data is time-series data. It contains seasonal elements and is dependent on other locations. We will analyze data with these criteria using space-time models, one of which is vector autoregressive (VAR). VAR models the relationship between observations on certain variables at one time. It also models the observation of the variable itself at previous times. Additionally, VAR models the relationship between observations and other variables at previous times. This paper explains how to forecast tea production. It uses the reconstituted VAR and Seasonal Autoregressive Moving Average (SARIMA) models. The results showed that the reconstituted VAR model was better than the SARIMA model in predicting tea production. The tea production prediction was at the Sedep and Santosa plantations in Bandung Regency.

POTENSI LAHAN SAWAH UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN TEMBAKAU DI KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO

The plantation sector, especially tobacco plants, is the biggest contributor to the country's foreign exchange value non-mining through tobacco excise and export. With the increasing number of active smokers in Indonesia, the need for tobacco continues to increase, emphasizing the role of this crop in the economy and providing large profits for farmers. However, along with the growing issue of land use change, recently many tobacco plants have been planted on unsuitable land. The research was conducted on all rice fields in Bondowoso Regency from October 2022 to March 2023. The land suitability evaluation method was used to assess land characteristics that affect tobacco plant growth. The parameters used were soil pH, soil texture, C-organic, electrical conductivity, cations bases (K, Ca, Na, Mg), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation, total N, available and exchangeable K, slope, temperature, and rainfall. Data analysis was carried out by matching techniques, namely matching land characteristics with the growing conditions of tobacco plants to get some suitable land suitability classes for tobacco plants. The results of the analysis showed that the area of ​​land currently planted with tobacco reaches about 12,155.06 hectares, with a suitable class (S2) reaching 897.82 hectares, marginal (S3) reaching 1,614.44 hectares, and not suitable (N) reaching 9,642.79 hectares. Land that has the potential to grow tobacco is S2 (quite suitable) and S3 (marginal).

Entrepreneurship-Based Model of Pesantren Economic Empowerment at Pesantren NW Al-Rahman, West Lombok

This research centers on the asset management model for developing superior commodities within the plantation sector, specifically implemented by Pesantren NW Al-Rahman. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach and a case study strategy to explore economic empowerment programs and activities at Pesantren NW Al-Rahman NW in West Lombok. Data collection methods include observation, interviews, and documentation. Subsequently, data analysis adheres to the Miles and Huberman model. The findings reveal that pesantren embrace entrepreneurship-based empowerment in the plantation sector by harnessing the potential of local commodities such as durian, palm sugar, kolang kaling, and oyster mushrooms. Pesantren NW Al-Rahman assumes three pivotal roles within this model: owner, distributor, and marketer. The implications extend beyond the school itself, impacting operational costs, enhancing soft skills for students, and increasing personal income for neighboring communities.

Enhancing Sustainability in the Plantation Sector: Identifying and Addressing Technological Gaps through Survey-Based Analysis

The sustainability of the plantation sector is a serious challenge, involving the identification and closure of technology gaps that prevent the adoption of sustainable methods. This research investigates these gaps and their implications, to improve sectoral sustainability. A survey of 16 respondents from plantation workers who have varied backgrounds, including varying levels of experience and employment titles, was used to obtain insights into the technology infrastructure that supports sustainable practices. The findings reveal diverse perceptions: 43.8% of respondents believe their access to modern technology is adequate, while 18.8% disagree. 50% expressed confidence in the current system's capability to support sustainable practices. About 37.5% believe their organizations invest appropriately in technology, but 50% see room for improvement. Training appears to be another issue where 37.5% agree that employees receive adequate training but 25% disagree. These responses highlight the necessity for comprehensive strategies to address these barriers. The study highlights the significance of ongoing research, development, and the incorporation of practical solutions into the plantation sector. Collaboration among stakeholders, is critical for developing supportive policies, investing in technology, and increasing capacity for sustainable practices.

Analisis Faktor Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Perkembangan Ekonomi Di Kabupaten Sarolangun

Sarolangun Regency, Jambi Province, Indonesia, has great economic potential, but its development still faces obstacles. This study explores the factors that influence economic growth in Sarolangun Regency with a focus on labor, foreign direct investment, government spending, local potential, policies, and infrastructure. This study uses a literature study research method with a secondary data approach. Data was obtained from official sources, including economic journals, articles, and BPS statistics. Data analysis was done descriptively to identify these factors. The results show that labor, foreign direct investment, and government expenditure have an important role in economic growth. Local potential, including the agriculture, plantation, and tourism sectors, also has a significant impact. Policies and regulations that support investment as well as cooperation between the government, private sector, and community are considered crucial. Infrastructure, especially transportation, was identified as an important pillar in supporting economic growth. Continued investment in infrastructure is considered vital to maintaining the competitiveness of Sarolangun District. By understanding and optimizing these factors, it is expected that Sarolangun District can achieve sustainable economic growth. This study provides a foundation for planning effective and sustainable economic development strategies for the region and serves as a reference for future research into the economic potential and challenges of Sarolangun District.

POTENSI KETERSEDIAAN LIMBAH TANAMAN PANGAN SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KABUPATEN MUNA BARAT

West Muna Regency in Southeast Sulawesi Province is a new autonomous region where the majority of the population is engaged in plantation, agriculture, livestock, and fisheries sectors. In the livestock sector, the population of beef cattle in this area reached 23,388 heads in 2023. However, cattle rearing still depends on natural forage whose production is limited due to seasonal changes and land conversion. This research aims to analyze the potential of food crop waste as a source of feed for beef cattle in West Muna Regency, using secondary data from BPS West Muna in 2023, with descriptive analysis methods. Data analysis is based on calculations of livestock units (ST), food crop waste dry matter (BK), waste carrying capacity and waste carrying capacity index (IDD). The analysis results show that the harvested area for food crops is 9,671 ha with the main commodities being corn (6,372.6 ha), peanuts (1,607.6 ha) and rice (1,048.9 ha). The potential of dry matter from food crop waste reaches 33,221.7 tons of DM/year, with the largest contribution from corn (28,676.7 tons of DM/year). West Muna Regency has an IDD for feed from food crop waste of 0.89, which shows that 89% of beef cattle feed needs can be met from food crop waste. Four sub-districts have an IDD of more than 1, namely Wadaga, Lawa, Barangka, and Sawerigadi, indicating the potential for dry mater from feed crop waste to exceed the needs of the beef cattle population in these sub-districts. The sub-districts with the lowest IDD are Napano Kusambi, Tiworo Tengah, Tiworo Pulau, and Tiworo Utara.

APLIKASI MODEL TREND UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI PRODUKSI KELAPA SAWIT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

The plantation sector has a large and extensive reach, one type of plantation crop that is widely cultivated in Indonesia is oil palm. Business in the oil palm plantation sector is also one of the leading potential areas in South Kalimantan Province. One of the provinces producing the most palm oil in Indonesia is South Kalimantan Province. This research is a literature study regarding predictions of palm oil production. The aim of this research is to determine the appropriate prediction model for data on the amount of palm oil (CPO) production in the South Kalimantan Province Region and to explain the results of palm oil predictions in the South Kalimantan Province Region using a trend model. The application of the trend model used in this research takes into account the error value obtained with the smallest MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error). The nature of the data regarding the amount of palm oil production in the South Kalimantan Province Region from 2001 to 2021 tends to continue to increase so that the data can be predicted using trend methods, namely linear, quadratic and exponential. For the prediction results of palm oil production using the best trend model with the smallest MAPE value, namely 16% with the linear trend model: ... The predicted amounts of palm oil production from 2022 to 2027 which tend to continue to increase are: 1.336.359, 1.397.196, 1.458.032, 1.518.869, 1.579.705 and 1.640.542 tons.

DETERMINATION OF COFFEE FRUIT MATURITY LEVEL USING IMAGE HISTOGRAM AND K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR

Coffee has a very important role in the Indonesian economy, as one of the country's foreign exchange contributors in the plantation sector. Therefore, coffee processing is very important in determining the quality of coffee. The procedure for choosing and evaluating the coffee fruit's physical quality is one of the most crucial steps. The step of determining the maturity level of coffee fruit is carried out using the image histogram and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method. This research uses the KNN algorithm with classification stages that will show the level of accuracy value according to the value of k = 5 used when processing the classification of coffee fruit image data. In order to complete this step, the features of the coffee fruit are identified using its color. The qualities of quality coffee fruit, which is flawlessly red in color. Twenty images total—ten of which are of ripe coffee fruit and ten of which are of raw coffee fruit—were used in this study. The test results were carried out using rapidminer tools using 40% training data and 60% testing data from the total data set. Based on the test results, it gives an accuracy value of 100%, meaning that the data set can be used in the next stage as valid data to be used.

PREDIKSI HARGA KELAPA SAWIT MENGGUNAKAN METODE REGRESI LINEAR BERGANDA Studi Kasus PT. Bakrie Sumatera Plantations, Tbk.

Indonesia's plantation sector, especially palm oil, has a high selling value and its attractiveness continues to increase. The price of palm oil is strongly influenced by external factors, especially the price of crude oil (CPO) and palm oil production globally. Unstable price fluctuations have become a challenge for companies such as PT Bakrie Sumatera Plantations, Tbk. in planning harvest time and optimizing profits. To overcome this uncertainty, this study proposes the use of the Multiple Linear Regression method to predict palm oil prices. Price and production data from 2021 to 2023 are the main basis for developing the prediction model. In this study, 4 independent variables were used, namely year, month, oil price and total production. The amount of data used in this study is 33 data. In testing the Multiple Linear Regression method has an RMSE value of 0.24 and the predicted value of palm oil prices from January to December 2024 is the price of palm oil with the highest value in January 2024 of Rp. 2,276.931 / kg and with the lowest value in December 2024 of Rp. 1,474.75 / kg.

A Study on the Impact of Covid 19 on Tea Plantation Sector in India

Abstract: COVID-19 has had a significant impact on tea farmers all around the world, owing to national lockdowns and social distancing measures. The tea market is experiencing uncertainty as a result of export and import limitations, and growers are adopting emergency steps to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in tea communities. In March and April, India, the world's secondlargest tea grower, imposed tight lockdown measures that halted all agricultural activity for several weeks. Tea gardens and small tea growers have just resumed tea production and export, however the lockout has had a substantial impact on tea producers and smallholder livelihoods. This paper tries to examine the impact of COVID 19 on tea plantation sector in India.

Policy governance in the plantation sector: Challenges and impacts of palm oil in Riau Province, Indonesia

This study aims to examine and challenge the impact of local government policy governance on the oil palm plantation sector in Riau Province, Indonesia. It was discovered that 1,628 million hectares of illegal oil palm plantations are located within forest areas. Plantation area and crop harvest areas are declining due to the increase in damaged old plants, low productivity of plantation crops, inadequate facilities and infrastructure conditions, low technology application, plantation business licensing, limited downstream plantation industry and marketing, assistance in changing the attitudes, behavior, and skills of farmers. The methodology used was exploratory qualitative to explore this topic, and the determination of research topics was conducted using Biblioshiny application analysis. Then, the data was analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The results of this study discovered that the policy governance of the oil palm plantation sector as a leading commodity in Riau Province, Indonesia, is influenced by three dimensions: firstly, the actor dimension; secondly, the structural dimension; and third, the empirical dimension of governance. This research contributes as a knowledge reference to oil palm plantations.

Development of Biogas Plant and Mushrooms Grumpy in a Biomass Waste Utilization Facility at Tadukan Raga Village, STM Hilir District, Deli Serdang Regency

Community service is a form of movement in making a real contribution to society which aims to provide solutions to real problems that occur in society. Most of the Indonesian population still relies on the agriculture, plantation and livestock sectors to drive the economy. By-products in the form of waste are generally used as fertilizer which can actually be used as an alternative energy source. Biogas is a renewable energy produced through the process of anaerobic digestion of organic materials which is currently widely used by the community as an alternative energy to replace LPG for cooking and generator fuel to produce electricity. One of the utilization of non-hazardous biomass waste into energy in the form of biogas has been implemented in Tadukan Raga village in Sinembah Tanjung Muda (STM) Hilir District, Deli Serdang Regency which has been operated since 2018 and is equipped with a barn for mushroom cultivation. However, problems arise where the facility is abandoned where there is a lack of maintenance of biogas generation facilities and mushroom barns, lack of human resources and low understanding of the community, especially BUMDes in the management, development and business maintenance of this facility. Therefore, it is necessary to provide counseling and training to the community in the operation of biogas facilities, revitalize mushroom barns in biomass non-b3 waste utilization facilities and modify LPG stoves into biogas stoves and install stoves in residents' homes around Tungkusan hamlet. Tadukan Raga Village itself is a fostered village that has been used as a place for counseling and service from the University of North Sumatra to the community because there are still several things that need to be improved, so counseling is again carried out in this village.

Redesain Bioreaktor Guna Mempercepat Proses Fermentasi Pembuatan Pupuk Organik di Desa Minggirsari Kecamatan Kanigoro Kabupaten Blitar

Alongside the increasing potential of the agriculture and plantation sectors in Minggirsari Village, Blitar Regency, there have been concerns among farmers regarding the decreasing supply of both subsidized and non-subsidized chemical fertilizers. However, these concerns were validated with the invention of an automatic anaerobic bioreactor by Nawang Sonia in 2023. The device is capable of reducing the fermentation process time from the initial 14-21 days to just 3-5 days. Although the designed device still had some functional limitations hindering its performance, a redesign was deemed necessary. The redesign was conducted using the Quality Function Deployment method through the distribution of questionnaires or Voice of Customer. Subsequently, a House of Quality was obtained, which served as the basic concept for the device's redesign. From this research, eight features were added to the device. The results showed that the device was more optimal, flexible, and effective than the previous anaerobic bioreactor design.

Effect of Profitability, Sales Growth, Liquidity, and Business Risk on Capital Structure with Company Size as a Moderating Variable in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange

The aim of this research is to analyze effect of profitability, sales growth, liquidity, and business risk on capital structure with company size as a moderating variable in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This research uses a casual comparative research design. This research uses a population of Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies category listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2022. The number of research samples is 12 companies with a total of 6 years of observations so that the total sample is 72 observation samples. The analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis and moderation test analysis. The research results show that profitability has no significant effect on capital structure in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Sales growth has a significant effect on capital structure in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Liquidity has a significant effect on capital structure in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Business risk has a significant effect on capital structure in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Company size moderates business risk on capital structure in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. However, company size cannot moderate profitability, sales growth, and liquidity on capital structure in Palm Oil Plantation Sector Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange.

The Effect of Using Fast Roast and Slow Roast Roasting Techniques on the Chemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Robusta Coffee Beans (Coffea robusta L.)

One of the commodities with the highest economic value in the plantation sector in Indonesia is coffee. In 2016 there was a significant difference between the area of robusta and arabica coffee, with the area of robusta coffee being superior. The wide difference between robusta and arabica coffee plantations is because robusta coffee is considered a potential opportunity in developing the community's economy compared to arabica coffee with a particular market. To improve the taste or quality of coffee production, one of the factors is the roasting process. Currently, the demand for coffee production is increasing with the need for maximum quality and taste of coffee beans, so the processing of coffee plants must be very concerned and improved. Therefore this study aims to determine the roasting technique with a roasting machine and its effect on improving the quality and taste of coffee beans that are popular with consumers. This study used a Split Plot Design (SPD) using the basic pattern of a completely Randomized Design consisting of 2 levels. The first factor is the roasting time as the main plot with four levels. Then the second factor is the roasting temperature with two levels. Each factor was repeated four times so there were 32 experimental units. The results of this study indicate that in the roasting process using slow roast and fast roast techniques, roasting time affects all observation parameters, namely moisture content, pH value, brix value, flavor, aroma, and caffeine. However, the roasting temperature only affects moisture content, brix value, and caffeine.

Traditional knowledge in land management and utilization of natural resources in Wonogiri District, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Afriawan MDAA, Al-Akromi MAI, Andira MHP, Sutrisno MT, Nurwulandari M, Sugiyarto, Nazar IA, Md. Naim D, Setyawan AD. 2024. Traditional knowledge in land management and utilization of natural resources in Wonogiri District, Central Java, Indonesia. Intl J Trop Drylands 8: 21-26. Traditional knowledge helps farmers cultivate land to be more effective and efficient. It also contributes to maintaining environmental sustainability and reducing the adverse impacts of land management activities due to hereditary teachings about protecting nature. Wonogiri District has great potential for further development, especially in the agricultural and plantation sectors. This potential provides opportunities for economic drivers and the development of a more holistic agricultural sector in the district. Therefore, this study aimed to look at how land management knowledge and the utilization of natural resources in Wonogiri District, Central Java, Indonesia. Moreover, 65 informants were selected to be interviewed to obtain information on land use and land management procedures. This research used descriptive analysis with socioeconomic percentage parameters. The results show that the people of Wonogiri benefit from natural resources in terms of socio-cultural, ecological, economic, medicinal, energy, and construction advantages. The community utilizes agricultural and plantation products to fulfill their daily lives, resulting in a complex relationship between humans and nature that creates a unique agricultural landscape. Agriculture and plantations have become part of the activities of the Wonogiri community. The application of local wisdom that the community has applied can support the management and utilization of natural resources in a sustainable manner.

Implementation of Musaqah Agreement in Improving the Welfare of Coconut Farmers in Korleko Village, Lombok Timur

This study aims to find out how the implementation and contribution of the musaqah contract to improve the welfare of coconut farmers in Korleko Village, Labuhan Haji District, East Lombok Regency. This research uses a qualitative approach and the data collection techniques used are in-depth interview techniques, documentation, and observation. Data collection and determination of research informants using purposive and snowball techniques. The research data source is using primary data. Data checking or validation uses triangulation techniques, namely source triangulation and method triangulation. The results showed that the implementation of the musaqah contract in cooperation in the coconut plantation sector has not fully fulfilled the conditions of the musaqah contract, which is the absence of a time limit for the cooperation agreement. This research also shows that cooperation in the field of coconut farming can make a positive contribution to the welfare of the community.

INCOME ANALYSIS OF MAIZE FARMERS ON RUBBER PLANTATION HIATEN LAND UTILIZATION SUNGEI PUTIH RESEARCH UNIT

Sungei Putih Research Unit is an area located in Galang District, Deliserdang Regency which has a rubber plantation sector. The vacant land found in rubber plantations in this area is used by the community, one of which is to grow corn. The purpose of this research is to increase the income of corn farmers through the use of land between rubber plantations in Sungei Putih Research Unit and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of corn farming by utilizing land using the R/C Ratio and ROI. This research was conducted at Sungei Putih Research Unit, Galang District, Deli Serdang Regency using the Saturated Sampling method to select 9 farmers who intercropped rubber with corn as research samples. To find out whether the business is profitable or not, production costs and income are calculated and then analyzed using the R/C Ratio and ROI, and the income contribution is calculated. The results showed that the R/C ratio was 2.36 > 1, which means that every production cost of Rp. 1,000 will generate income of Rp. 2,360 for farmers so that corn farming on rubber plantations between Sungei Putih Research Unit is profitable. The ROI value of 36.66% indicates that farming has a profitable profit rate, and a revenue contribution of 69.39% indicates that corn farming on rubber plantation land makes a good contribution to the total income of farmers. To increase the maximum income, it is recommended that farmers take good care of their corn plants so that they are free from pests and diseases.

PENGARUH CSR, PROFITABILITAS, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERKEBUNAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

PENGARUH CSR, PROFITABILITAS, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERKEBUNAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI