Garden Plants Research Articles

Evidence of efficient in vitro micropropagation from bulb scales of starch grape hyacinth (Muscari neglectum Guss. Ex. Ten.)

Muscari neglectum is a widespread plant species that grows in various areas of the Mediterranean region in the wild. The species has a high potential for use as cut flowers, outdoor or indoor ornamental or garden plants. It is also used as a food, and forage plant on limited scales in rural areas. There is a lack of commercial production protocols for M. neglectum. The development of a fast and efficient protocol for commercial production, may contribute to the economy of T?rkiye and improve local people?s quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to develop safe in vitro vegetative propagation techniques using 2, 3, 4, and 5 bulb scale explants on MS medium using 1 mg BAP L-1 + 0.00, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, 1.00,1.20 mg NAA L-1. Any number of bulb scale explants obtained from freshly harvested bulbs were not suitable for micropropagation and developed necrosis. However, any number of bulb scales obtained from 6 weeks of waiting for bulbs did not show the problem. A regeneration percentage of 13.33 to 100% was noted on 2-scale explants. Additionally, 100% callus formation was observed on these scales using MS medium containing 1 mg BAP L-1 + 0.8, 1.0, and 1.20 mg NAA L-1 (3 combinations). In addition, 1.93 bulblets with a diameter of 0.97 cm (the largest) were observed on MS medium containing 1 mg BAP L-1 + 0.4 mg NAA L-1. Although, 3, 4, and 5 bulb scale explants induced bulblets in variable numbers, the rate of bulblet induction was not at par with bulblet induction on 2 scale explants. The largest bulblets developed on 2-scale explants were rooted on ? ? MS medium containing 0.5 mg NAA L-1. The results obtained for micropropagation of M. neglectum species are of great importance for the commercial production of the species.

Comparison of the Spreading History of Two Introduced Cepaea Species (Gastropoda, Helicidae) in Ukraine with Remarks on Their Phenotypic Variability

Trends of the current dispersal of Cepaea nemoralis and C. hortensis in Ukraine are analysed, which are closely related to the activities of several garden centres, which export a part of the sold seedlings of ornamental and garden plants from other European countries. Using Lviv and its environs as an example, we compared the qualitative and quantitative phenotypic composition of C. nemoralis at sites where both Cepaea species or only C. nemoralis were recently introduced. On average, the former were characterised by a greater phenotypic diversity of C. nemoralis, which may be due to a greater number of founding individuals of such colonies. At the sites of the second group, hereditary traits (brown ground colour, shell with three lower bands) or phenotypes (yellow unbanded), which are less common in the study area, were more often absent. Also, a clearly pronounced predominance of any one variant of the shell colouration was more often noted there, most often pink unbanded or yellow mid-banded.

Study of ornamental plants in parks and gardens of Absheron and Türkiye

Study of ornamental plants in parks and gardens of Absheron and Türkiye

Analysis of erosion hazard level and land rehabilitation pattern with the RUSLE method based on GIS at Wai Tala Watershed in West Seram Regency Maluku Province

This study used the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geographical Information System (GIS) to estimate the annual rate of soil loss, map erosion factors, and recommend a suitable pattern of land rehabilitation in Wai Tala watershed, Regency of Western Seram. The research material used in this study were rainfall data for 38 years, Digital Elevation Model Nasional (DEMNAS) Image Map, Rupa Bumi Indonesia (RBI), geology, soil, land use, and watershed boundaries of Maluku Province. Field research was conducted on 187 land units, and each land unit contained RUSLE erosion factors: topography, soil type, and land use. The spatial distribution of erosion factors was processed using the Arc.GIS10.8, and the soil erosion rates were estimated using the RUSLE method, then corrected using the land degradation model developed in small islands in Maluku. The results showed that the level of erosion hazard in the Wai Tala watershed was none to slight (mean = 3.54 t/ha/yr), moderate erosion (21.52 t/ha/yr), high erosion (110.01 t/ha/yr), and very high erosion (252.84 t/ha/yr). The recommended land rehabilitation patterns that can reduce annual soil loss lower than the tolerable limit are maintaining the none to slight erosion areas with the present land uses in particular primary and secondary forests, and with reforestation or agroforestry patterns combined with low to high-density garden plants or with low to high densities cover crop at the moderate to very high erosion areas.

Garden Plant Landscape Design Under the Background of Low-carbon Environmental Protection

Garden Plant Landscape Design Under the Background of Low-carbon Environmental Protection

Research on Practical Teaching of the Landscape Design Course for Garden Plants

Research on Practical Teaching of the Landscape Design Course for Garden Plants

Morpho-anatomical characterization and DNA barcoding of Artemesia vulgaris L.

Artemisia vulgaris L. belongs to Asteraceae, is a herbal plant that has various benefits in the medical field, so that its use in the medical field can be explored optimally, the plant must be thoroughly identified. This study aims to identify A. vulgaris both in terms of descriptive morpho-anatomy and DNA barcoding using BLAST and phylogenetic tree reconstruction. The morpho-anatomical character was observed on root, stem, and leaf. DNA barcoding analysis was carried out through amplification and alignment of the rbcL and matK genes. All studies were conducted on three samples from Taman Husada (Medicinal Plant Garden) Graha Famili Surabaya, Indonesia. The anatomical slide was prepared by the paraffin method. Morphological studies revealed that the leaves of A. vulgaris both on the lower-middle part and on the upper part of the stem have differences, especially in the character of the stipules, petioles, and incisions they have. Meanwhile, from the study of anatomy, A. vulgaris has an anomocytic type of stomata and its distribution is mostly on the ventral part of the leaves. Through the BLAST process and phylogenetic tree reconstruction, the plant sequences being studied are closely related to several species of the genus Artemisia as indicated by a percentage identity above 98% and branch proximity between taxa in the reconstructed phylogenetic tree.

Study on plant diversity investigation and conservation plan-ning in Yiyang City

<p>Taking the urban plants of Yiyang as the research object, the field investigation of Yiyang plants was carried out by using the method of combining route investigation and quadrat investigation, the current situation of plant diversity level in Yiyang City was analyzed, and the planning content and construction strategy of plant diversity protection in Yiyang City were studied, in order to provide reference for the effective protection of plant diversity in Yiyang City. The results showed that there were 145 families, 481 genera and 955 species of vascular plants in Yiyang urban planning area; there are 232 species of garden plant resources in the central urban area, belonging to 62 families. 105 genera; the overall level of plant diversity in Yiyang City is general. Urban landscaping relies too much on exotic species, and the utilization rate of native plants in urban gardens is low.</p>

Aleurocanthus camelliae Kanmiya & Kasai, 2011 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), a newly intercepted whitefly species in Croatia

The Camellia spiny whitefly Aleurocanthus camelliae Kanmiya & Kasai, 2011 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was intercepted for the first time during 2022 in consignments with ornamental Camellia spp. seedlings originating from Italy, in seven plant nurseries and garden centres in Croatia. This Eastern Palearctic whitefly species is an important pest, especially in tea cultivation of East Asia. However, in Croatia the species has been detected at very low population densities without any significant damage to the infested ornamental plants of the genus Camellia L. From the infested leaves collected on each location, whitefly puparia and pupal cases were slide-mounted and morphologically identified in laboratory as the species A. camelliae. It is assumed that in the case of spreading and domestication in Croatia, A. camelliae could potentially present a phytosanitary risk for the camellias planted in gardens and parks in the Kvarner area.

Increasing Green Open Space in Sumber Tani Village by Creating a Family Medicinal Plant Garden or TOGA

TOGA is a home-cultivated plant that is efficacious as a medicine to meet the family's need for medicines. This community service is carried out through the Extended Thematic Field Work Program or KKNTD (Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik Diperpanjang), sponsored by Universitas Sumatera Utara. The decision to make the TOGA is following the KKNTD theme in which Sumber Tani Village, Batubara Regency is included in the Green Village Theme. The purpose of this activity is to improve and preserve the Green Open Space in Sumber Tani Village. In this activity, there are two activities namely repairing TOGA in each hamlet and planting medicinal plants. The result of this activity is the formation of TOGA starting from hamlets 1 to 8. Some repairs and replanting have been carried out on TOGA which has been damaged or is no longer growing. This program is expected to help the community's economy by reducing the cost of buying medicine and of course improving people's health as well.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair Dan Kompos Berbahan Dasar Sampah Organik Pasar Pada Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga Di Desa Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya Kalimantan Barat

Activities carried out by housewives in Sungai Kakap village include cultivating their yards by planting horticultural plants (vegetables and fruit). The obstacle in increasing the yield of garden plants is the high cost of non-organic fertilizers. However, until now the people in the village do not know the source of organic waste that can be used as fertilizer, namely plant-based organic waste that comes from the market. This training aims to provide knowledge and skills to housewives regarding organic fertilizer and increase the knowledge and skills of housewives in making organic fertilizer from plant-based market waste. The service program is carried out by conveying the theory of organic fertilizer and the practice of making compost and liquid organic fertilizer (POC) from market organic waste made from fruit and vegetables. Evaluation of community service activities is carried out using a questionnaire method given at the beginning and end of the activity. The results of the questionnaire showed an increase in the knowledge of housewives in Sungai Kakap Village about organic fertilizer (100%), an increase in interest in applying organic fertilizer (97%), and an increase in interest in making their own organic fertilizer (80%).

Clerodendrum bungei: Türkiye’de park ve bahçeler dışında çok sayıda yeni kaydı tespit edilen bir süs bitkisi

Clerodendrum bungei Steud. (Lamiaceae) is a deciduous shrub occurs both within its native Asian range and beyond to temperate and tropical regions around the world as a result of both unintentional and intentional introductions for ornamental uses. Although it was listed as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens of Türkiye, this paper presents a list of 52 record including 46 new records of C. bungei outside parks and gardens of Türkiye. The new list includes 11 records from Artvin, 10 records from Rize, 8 records from Trabzon, 14 records from Giresun, 3 records from Ordu and 1 record from Samsun. The rapid increase in the number of new localities outside gardens and parks of Türkiye in the last 10 years shows that the species has been an invasive alien species in this region in the near future. So, it will outcompete native plant species and impact habitat values, thus it is important to closely monitor the populations outside parks and garden in this region and should take the necessary precautions by local farmers and administrations.

Plant diversity and ethnobotanical importance of home gardens in Ghana’s middle belt: a cross-sectional survey of the Sunyani municipality

BackgroundHome gardens are a species-rich socioecological system with a diverse range of cultivated and naturally occurring plants with the potential to make contributions to address sustainable food, biodiversity and climate crisis. However, there is a dearth of information on the socio-demographic profile of home gardeners and the importance of home gardens to ethnobotany, food security and biodiversity. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the socio-demographic profile of home gardeners in the Sunyani municipality as a case in point for the middle belt of Ghana and to evaluate the diversity of plants in home gardens and their ethnobotanical importance.MethodsA total of 12 suburbs were selected from three subzones in the Sunyani municipality. In each suburb, 25% of households were randomly selected and if they had a home garden, one adult in the house was interviewed. A list of all plants in the home garden and their uses was obtained from respondents. A Chi-square test was used to assess the distribution of home gardeners among various socio-demographic categories, and binomial logistic regression was employed to determine links between socio-demography and home garden attributes. The ethnobotany R package was used to evaluate the ethnobotanical importance of plants in home gardens.ResultsA total of 186 respondents were recruited for this study, 79 being females and 107 males. A total of 79 plant species were also identified belonging to 70 genera and 40 families. Trees were the most common plant life form in home gardens, followed by shrubs, herbs, vines, grasses and lianas. Ethnobotanical indices revealed the most important plants in home gardens to be staples, food supplements and medicinal plants. These were Musa paradisiaca, Caripa pabaya, Xanthosoma sagittifolium, Manihot utilisima and Mangifera indica, Moringa oleifera, Citrus sinensis, Capsicum frutescens, Taraxacum officinale, Solanum aethiopicum, Cocos nucifera, Solanum torvum, Persea americana, Dioscorea alata and Elaeis guineensis.ConclusionPlants used as staples, food supplements and medicinal purposes emerged as the most culturally relevant scoring high on all ethnobotanical indices. Home gardens present an opportunity to address food security and nutrition needs of households and communities.

Study on Calculating Appropriate Impact Assessment for LID Facility Using A-I-R Curve

Low impact development (LID) facilities are designed to maintain water circulation functions on the surface and subsurface. LID facilities can be applied to various areas and are expected to have both short-term and long-term effects, making them widely installed in urban areas. In this study, our objective is to calculate the A-I-R (Area ratio-rainfall Intensity-Runoff reduction rate) curve by applying design standards to tree filter boxes, garden plant pots, infiltration ditches, and rain barrels among various LID facilities. The analysis was conducted by constructing a SWMM-LID model and analyzing 209 items, considering the area ratio (A) and rainfall intensity (I) of the LID facilities. The runoff reduction rate (R) varies by LID facility according to the A-I-R curve. It reaches up to 100.0% for rain barrels, up to 30.0% for infiltration ditches, up to 20.0% for garden plant pot, and up to 12.0% for tree filter boxes. If the A-I-R curve of the LID facility is applied to the design standards, it is expected to facilitate the design of the facility’s size and inlet according to the target reduction rate.

Antibacterial Activity of Metanol Extract and n-Butanol Fraction of Euphorbia milii Leaves Against Staphylococcus aureus

Euphorbia milii is a common garden plant and its leaves have antibacterial activity, due to the presence of saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. As there is an increasing antibiotic resistance to Staphylococcus aureus, there is potential for E. milii as a new antibacterial candidate. The purpose of this study was to determine secondary metabolites of saponins, flavonoids, tannins and to determine the antibacterial activity of E. milii leaves in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (in vitro). Simplisia was extracted by sonication method, then fractionated with a separatory funnel. Extracts and fractions were analyzed qualitatively by tube test and thin layer chromatograpy (TLC). The antibacterial activity of methanol extract (320; 160; and 80 mg/ml) and n-butanol fraction (32; 16; and 8 mg/ml) was tested by disc diffusion method. The results of qualitative test showed that the extracts and fractions were positive for saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. In antibacterial test, extract at a concentration of 320 mg/ml was able to inhibit bacterial growth with moderate activity category (6.5 mm). Extracts at 160 mg/ml and 80 mg/ml, as well as n-butanol fractions at all concentration showed weak antibacterial activity (<5 mm). Theseresult suggest that the extracts and fractions positively contain metabolites of saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. The extracts and fractions were able to inhibit the growth of staphylococcus aureus, but the activity was not greater than the positive control.

Land Snails at the Zoo: A Biodiverse Community with Conservation and Educational Potential

The combination of animals and plants in zoological gardens provides the opportunity for conservation within the grounds. An example is pollination gardens that support free-moving butterflies and bees. Pollination gardens and other areas with plants also support a wide range of other non-captive animals, including soil-associated invertebrates. This study targeted land snails, a species-rich group that links the brown decomposition food web and the plant-based web that is preyed upon by fireflies and birds, among others. A survey of 24 sites within the Oklahoma City Zoo and Botanical Garden revealed a diverse snail fauna of 23 species. The majority were native species but included 10 non-native species that are common regional urban species, likely introduced through the plant trade. No distributional pattern of snails was evident, probably because of the similar management scheme throughout the zoo. Snails and other observed soil-associated invertebrates (e.g., isopods, millipedes, and earthworms) support non-captive birds and other animals. Lightly managed areas with leaf litter and downed wood are especially conducive to snails and other soil-associated invertebrates and are nesting sites for bees. These communities can form conservation demonstration areas that can be the basis of educational programs, including outreach programs.

On the Origin of Cultivated Roses: DNA Authentication of the Bourbon Rose Founding Pedigree

Rose flowers have been cultivated for their fragrance and their garden value since ancient times. Very ancient cultivars became famous locally for their specific use, and competitive horticultural activities progressively established, leading, with time, to landraces with limited polymorphism. The most famous examples are the oil-bearing Damask roses from Iran and the Yueyue Fen garden strain from China. In 1817, a new rose, allegedly a hybrid from the two previous lineages, was discovered at Reunion. From this plant, as early as the 1820s, a new founder group, the Bourbon roses, was developed in France, which immediately stirred up deep passions among botanists and skilled enthusiasts. Today, more than 30,000 named cultivars have been raised either as garden and landscape plants for the cut rose market or as indoor pot plants. The market handles billions of euros a year, making the rose the most economically important crop worldwide. Following the inheritance of SSR DNA markers, we here propose a reconstitution of the very early lineage of Bourbon roses, clarifying one of the major steps, if not the major one, that links these very ancient heritage roses to modern roses.

Plant Configuration and Landscape Construction in Blind Gardens

In daily life, landscape design often takes able-bodied people as considerations, while ignoring the blind people who lack vision. According to the blind people's psychological needs and the need for space and landscape, based on taking into account the safety of the blind people and the integrity of the landscape structure, The blind garden plant configuration and landscape construction are carried out based on the principles of sex and accessibility. The content of landscape design includes the design of olfactory landscape, tactile landscape, visual landscape, and auditory landscape; barrier-free design mainly relies on barrier-free design of terrain, road design and public facilities; In order to arouse society's attention to the blind and improve urban gardens. The design theory enables the blind to have a space suitable for their own leisure and entertainment activities, enriching their daily lives, and discusses the design principles and plant configurations of the blind garden construction, hoping to provide some reference for the construction of blind landscapes.

Edukasi pengetahuan masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan daun insulin di Desa Jambi Kecil Kabupaten Muaro Jambi

The insulin plant (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray) is a flowering plant with orange-colored flowers that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It can be cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens or green spaces and used in traditional medicine. The benefits and potential of this plant are numerous, including its use as green manure, pest, and disease control, fodder for livestock, soil and water conservation, and its potential in traditional treatments for urinary tract infections, digestive issues, and diabetes management. This community service aims to enhance public knowledge regarding using insulin plant leaves as crude drugs for diabetes treatment. The method employed involves conducting informational sessions through lectures followed by a question-and-answer session. The results show the community learned about using insulin plants as a diabetes remedy. The community's knowledge about using insulin plants as a traditional remedy as a decoction for diabetes treatment increased to 100%.

CSR strategy composition and leaf traits for herbaceous plants in garden design

Low community stability and sustainability, accompanied by high maintenance cost was an important ecological problem in planted herbaceous communities in many cities. Investigation showed that the overwhelmingly majority of garden designers ignored the subtle interactions between plants and plants in community itself, as well as the fitness of plants to certain environment. Fortunately, CSR strategy methodology based on leaf traits could be a useful tool for reflecting plant functional groups, thus we can have a deeper understanding of the characteristics of various herbaceous plants. In this study, we used 318 common herbaceous plants in Shaanxi as experimental material to investigate leaf area (LA), leaf fresh weight (LFW) and leaf dry weight (LFW) of them. Their CSR strategies were determined using the 'StrateFy' analysis tool and were presented in a triangular distribution. The results showed that S-selection was responsible for the vast majority of herbaceous plants in garden design, C- selection took second place, and R- selection was the least. Sub-strategy (CS, S/CS, CR, CS/CSR, S/CSR and so on) also played a vital role in garden plants, which together accounted for 90.88% from all plant strategies. In terms of the representative families, the strategies of Labiatae and Asteraceae distributed widely, and the trade-off appeared in C-S axes of Gramineae and Liliaceae. Among three leaf traits, LA was of great importance to C- strategy, LDMC to S- strategy, and SLA was important to R-strategy. CSR strategy composition indicates the power of artificial selection, and reasonable collocationof different CSR strategies can create a better community. Thus, we propose that future investigations on CSR strategies in different regions all over the world should provide a reliable database for garden herbaceous species selection.