Plan Dimensions Research Articles

Modelo de gestión administrativa para mejorar el servicio de salud en hospitales

The objective of the study was to propose an Administrative Management model for the improvement of hospital services provided at the Guayaquil Police Hospital No. 02, Ecuador. The methodology was directed in a quantitative way and the type of design was descriptive-purposeful, there were 115 clients of the Hospital to whom two evaluation instruments were applied to gain knowledge of the current Administrative Management Model and the Care Service, these instruments had as creator to the author and it was four expert judges who validated and established their approval. The results obtained showed that the quality of care service provided is below the limits accepted by users, since most of them are not satisfied with the methods, personal skills, or find satisfaction in what the organization provides. . Likewise, the factors that influence the service are the theoretical association with the Administrative Management Model and its Planning, Execution and Evaluation dimensions. It should be noted that a project was carried out to optimize quality through various exclusive models of the administration and, finally, information was obtained on the positive effects that would be achieved thanks to its execution. It can be concluded that the research proposal will develop the health service of the Guayaquil National Police Hospital No. 02, Ecuador.

Combined Hub Location and Service Network Design Problem: A Case Study for an Intermodal Rail Operator and Structural Analysis

In intermodal transportation, hubs are facilities that perform switching, sorting, connecting, and consolidating functions between many origins and destinations. Hub location problems (HLP) accordingly involve the location of hubs but include abstract network design decisions as well. In the past, the strategic location decision and the more tactical network design decision, in the form of a service network design problem (SNDP), have been considered separately. However, the SNDP is based on an existing hub network and the HLP could benefit from a more detailed network design. For this reason, this paper presents the combined hub location and service network design problem (C-HL-SNDP), which considers the strategic and tactical planning dimensions in an integrated manner. In a case study of a German intermodal operator, the paper shows that integrated modeling can be used to produce very good and realistic solutions that generate added value. The combined model with a classical HLP approach is compared and a structural analysis of the solution properties is performed. With this, it can be shown that the different consideration of economies of scale and economies of density lead to fundamentally different solutions.

Reinterpreting Spatial Planning Cultures to Define Local Adaptation Cultures: A Methodology from the Central Veneto Region Case

This paper focuses on recognising the underlying component of climate risk adaptation and management that is present at the local planning level. Starting from a comparative analysis of four Italian cities in the Central Veneto Area, the aim is to understand how plans and regulations have already directed their efforts toward adaptation and climate risk reduction over the years, without explicitly labelling these measures as such. This process is carried out by co-ordinating the technicians of local administrations in the recognition and classification of already active measures that can be brought within the framework of combating the effects of climate change. The analysis of the identified measures shows that there is already considerable attention to flooding-related and heat-related issues in the local planning corpus. Understanding this dimension of local planning allows access to a set of adaptation intervention models that are already integrated into the planning system and support incorporating adaptation practices in a more co-ordinated way at various planning levels.

Large scale loss assessment using stick-it model: A comparison with actual cost data

The estimation of expected seismic losses at regional scale represents a critical issue for the assessment of the seismic risk and for the evaluation of the seismic resilience of large communities. In a performance-based approach, the assessment of economic losses requires the computation of the building performances in terms of engineering demand parameters such as interstory drift ratios and peak floor accelerations in order to assess the distribution and the extent of the damage experienced by various building components. The Stick-IT model (Stick for Infilled frames Typologies) was recently proposed to predict the response, in terms of engineering demand parameters, for infilled RC building typologies. The Stick-IT is a MDOF system consisting of a series of lumped masses connected by nonlinear shear link elements. The model parameters can be defined for building typologies starting from low-level information that can be easily retrieved at the large scale via image-based processing techniques integrated with information about typical construction features, such as in plan dimensions, the number of stories or the percentage of infills openings and considering the infills consistency.This paper adopts the Stick-IT model within a probabilistic framework to predict damage and expected losses for a set of residential buildings located in L'Aquila town that suffered damage during the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake. By comparing the predicted losses with the actual repair costs, the application shows the advantages and the potentiality of the proposed model when adopted for large scale loss assessments.

Investigation of cyclic behavior of full-scale tree-like hollow structural section columns with infilled concrete

The cyclic behavior of tree-like hollow structural section (HSS) columns with infilled concrete was experimentally and numerically investigated. A full-scale column, with the height of 3.7 m and the treetop plan dimension of 4 m × 3 m, was designed and manufactured according to a practical engineering prototype. The column was composed of a petal-shaped trunk using a concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) section, four primary branches using a circular CFST section, and twelve secondary branches using a circular HSS. The column with a capacity protected reinforced concrete foundation was tested under combined constant axial compression and cyclic lateral loading through a specifically designed setup. The cracking and spalling of the reinforced concrete foundation were observed initially, followed by yielding of the bottom end of the primary branches when the story drift ratio reached 1.00%. The specimen failed by fracture of the full penetration groove welded splices in the petal-shaped trunk embedded in the foundation when the story drift ratio reached 3.00%. A detailed finite element analysis model for the tree-like column was then established and verified. Parametric studies were conducted to investigate the influence of the axial load level (0.016–0.3), filling range of concrete (including no filling, partial filling, and overall filling), steel yield strength (235–460 MPa), and the height to width ratio of the petal-shaped trunk (0.75–3.14). The results showed that the higher the filling height of concrete was, the greater the lateral load-carrying capacity and stiffness of the specimen were, but the filling height after reaching the secondary branches hardly affected the mechanical properties of the specimen. With the increase of the axial load level, the load-carrying capacity and deformation capacity decreased. Both the filling range and the height to width ratio of the petal-shaped trunk could change the failure mode of the tree-like column. Finally, some design considerations were proposed.

Orientación a largo plazo: Un estudio comparativo entre estudiantes de turismo y de CTIM

Objective: To investigate the differences amongst the LTO (Long Term Orientation) profile of graduate students in two academic programs.
 Design/methodology/approach: A total of 66 students participated in the study. The items of each construct corresponded to the two dimensions established by the original LTO scale. The validity test for the measurement scale was based first on exploratory and then on confirmatory factor analysis. The internal reliability consistency of the multi-item scales was assessed with Cronbach’s α. Independent sample t-tests were applied to verify the hypothesis.
 Results: The eight-item LTO scale performed reasonably well, lending support for its internal validity for the sample. The engineering students had higher levels for the planning dimension, still there were no significant differences in the estimates (t=-.391, p=.697), and students of the tourism program rated higher for the tradition dimension compared to the engineering students (t=3.557, p=.001).
 Limitations/implications: The study focus only in one personality trait. Education providers can draw upon these findings a better understanding of their students, becoming relevant for the curriculum.
 Findings/Conclusions: Students of the tourism academic program score higher in the tradition dimension of the LTO profile. On the contrary, there was no difference regarding the planning factor of the LTO profile. Therefore, LTO scale might be useful for understanding students’ decisions and personal orientations, allowing for academic programs to better focus their curriculum.

Research of Mining Area Ecological Compensation From the Perspective of Knowledge Innovation

Ecological compensation has been the favorite subject of ecological depletion caused in mining areas with the aim of sustainable development. So, an analytical model is presented to assess the knowledge innovation of ecological compensation. Later, the methods of factor analysis, resistance diagnosis, and multiple regressions are integrated to evaluate its satisfaction in the Huainan mining area. The study found that (1) the influence of factors related to work mechanism is identical, while the influence of factors related to strategic planning and action skills is heterogenous; and (2) in terms of the relative importance of the three dimensions of work mechanism (0.479), strategic planning (0.467), and action skills (0.351), their influence decreases in order. The results can provide reference materials for the effective governance of ecological compensation and its scientific management of ecological safety in the mining area. So, the findings can help for better improvement of ecological compensation, and then the following strategies are proposed to improve its knowledge innovation: First, the harmonious development of individual behavior and overall interests needs to be realized; Second, the coordinated development of top-level design and adherence to faith needs to be optimized; Third, the interactive development guided by competence and mass entrepreneurship and innovation needs to be achieved.

Cultura organizacional para el desarrollo social sostenible en microempresas Diseño de un instrumento para su evaluación

Los instrumentos para evaluar la cultura organizacional están orientados para analizarla desde un enfoque económico y se hace énfasis en que, principalmente, están dirigidos hacia pequeñas y medianas empresas. Por lo anterior, en el presente se diseñó y validó un instrumento para valorar la cultura organizacional de las microempresas hacia el desarrollo social sostenible. El instrumento se diseñó como rúbrica analítica e integró las dimensiones de planeación, liderazgo y bienestar. Posterior a su diseño, se revisó por 3 expertos y se evaluó por otros 21. Finalmente, se realizó el pilotaje del instrumento con microempresarios. La revisión y evaluación del instrumento reveló la pertenencia de ítems a las dimensiones y validez de contenido de estos (V de Aiken > 0,75, VI > 0,65 e IVC > 0,80). El pilotaje reveló que el instrumento posee un buen grado de compresión para la población objetivo. Se concluye que el instrumento es pertinente y válido para el propósito que fue diseñado.

Ineffectual Transference of SDGs as Local Level Indicators: Tracing India’s Path to Agenda 2030

Since the conception of the Agenda 2030, indicator based systems formulated as sustainability assessment tools on different scopes and geographical scales of urban development strive for ubiquitous application of the 17 SDGs globally. The execution of these goals in India as well are focused through formal assessment tools with standardized indicators of sustainability at various levels. However, semantic literature perusal and analysis of these tools show us a substantial lag towards their enactment as subordinates to one another and in promoting the effective translation of SDG targets as local level indicators among the pillars of sustainability. The study thus intends to abate the gap in existing literature focusing on sustainability issues of India and direct a discussion towards sculpturing the SDG indicators as core dimensions of city development plans than just as performance assessors of the cities.

Анализ дефектов несущих конструкций производственного здания

All buildings with a significant service life must be regularly surveyed. This work analyzes the results of the inspection of the building of the compressor shop KC-1. Analysis of the design documentation and the results of measurement work showed that structurally the building has overall dimensions in plan along the outer axes of 21.0 × 72.0 meters. The height of the building is 17.0 meters. The conducted visual examination showed the presence of damages and defects of the third and fourth categories, which requires an instrumental examination. In particular, the need to determine the strength of brickwork and the strength of concrete in structures. The analysis of the results of the instrumental examination showed: the results of testing the wall masonry by the shock pulse method using the ONIKS 2.5 device showed that the compressive strength grade of the silicate brick of the compressor shop walls corresponds to M75 and M125, and ceramic M100. The grade of the masonry mortar for the walls of the compressor shop corresponds to M50 and M75; The results of concrete testing by the non-destructive method of strength control using the DigiShmidt2000 device showed that the compressive strength class of concrete in the reinforced concrete columns of the workshop corresponds to B20, in the girders B25, floor slabs and coating slabs B20. Verification numerical calculations on the computer of the bearing capacity of the building structures of the compressor shop building were performed taking into account the actual static diagrams, sections of elements, strength characteristics of materials established during the survey, and constant loads existing at the date of the survey. Based on the results of the verification calculation of the building structures of the transverse frame of the building, it was found that the bearing capacity of the upper chord of the truss was not provided. The bearing capacity of the building columns when calculating according to the first and second groups of limiting states is provided. In general, the analysis showed that the technical condition of the technical condition of the compressor shop KC-1 is unacceptable.

What Is a 2021 Reference Body?

The historical 1975 Reference Man is a ‘model’ that had been used as a basis for the calculation of radiation doses, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, sizes for organ transplantation and ergonomic optimizations in the industry, e.g., to plan dimensions of seats and other formats. The 1975 Reference Man was not an average individual of a population; it was based on the multiple characteristics of body compositions that at that time were available, i.e., mainly from autopsy data. Faced with recent technological advances, new mathematical models and socio-demographic changes within populations characterized by an increase in elderly and overweight subjects a timely ‘state-of-the-art’ 2021 Reference Body are needed. To perform this, in vivo human body composition data bases in Kiel, Baton Rouge, San Francisco and Honolulu were analyzed and detailed 2021 Reference Bodies, and they were built for both sexes and two age groups (≤40 yrs and >40 yrs) at BMIs of 20, 25, 30 and 40 kg/m2. We have taken an integrative approach to address ‘structure–structure’ and ‘structure–function’ relationships at the whole-body level using in depth body composition analyses as assessed by gold standard methods, i.e., whole body Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and the 4-compartment (4C-) model (based on deuterium dilution, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and body densitometry). In addition, data obtained by a three-dimensional optical scanner were used to assess body shape. The future applications of the 2021 Reference Body relate to mathematical modeling to address complex metabolic processes and pharmacokinetics using a multi-level/multi-scale approach defining health within the contexts of neurohumoral and metabolic control.

Evaluating the Views of Lecturers upon Virtual and Real Laboratory Implementations

The views of lecturers carrying out real laboratory (RL) and virtual laboratory (VL) implementations were analyzed in this study. The descriptive phenomenology design as one of the qualitative research designs was used in the study. The study group was determined using the criterion sampling method. The study was carried out with six lecturers who voluntarily participated into the laboratory and virtual laboratory implementations of a university in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Participating faculty members carried out YÖK Virtual Laboratory implementations besides physics or chemistry laboratory implementations. Semi-structured interview form was used as the data collection tool. During the planning of the study, preliminary interviews were held with the faculty members in order to collect preliminary information and have information about the feasibility of the study. After completing the ethics committee process, a new interview was held with the faculty members making appointments. The interview records were written down after listening to several times, and the information out of the scope of the research was excluded. The answers were grouped categorically, and sub-themes related to each category were determined. The views related to the planning dimension of instruction and preparation for learning were possible to be discussed in three different groups as the views stating that VL was more advantageous, the views stating that RL was more advantageous, and the views that VL and GL provided sufficient opportunities to the lecturer. All the other participants except from one emphasized that RL was more advantageous in terms of correcting incomplete and incorrect learning.

Accuracy Issues for Spatial Update of Digital Cadastral Maps

All geospatial data are updated periodically. Cadastral parcel mapping, however, has special update requirements that set it apart from other geospatial data. Mapped boundaries change continuously to fit with new survey plans. Additionally, new parcels have to be fitted and aligned with adjoining parcels to merge them into existing cadastral mapping. This is preferably performed by a spatial adjustment approach to systematically improve its accuracy over time. This paper adapts methods for analysis and adjustment of survey networks to improve the accuracy of cadastral mapping with better coordinate positioning and survey plan dimensions. Case studies for both hypothetical and real cadastral mapping are used to illustrate the issues and spatially resolve errors. Adjustment results achieve an accuracy consistent with other GIS layers and boundary features visible in high-resolution orthoimagery. Graphical charts based on stress–strain relationships provide a simplified means to interpret post-adjustment results to identify and fix potential errors.

Propuesta pedagógica “Comunidad Emergente” para desarrollar las competencias científico- tecnológicas de los estudiantes de educación primaria

The purpose of this research was to demonstrate that with the application of the “Emerging Community” pedagogical proposal, the scientific and technological competencies of primary-level students were significantly developed. The population consisted of 50 6th grade students from section “A” and “B”, selecting as a sample 25 students from group “A” because they were constituted groups. The applied design was preexperimental. Three dimensions were measured as components of the scientific-technological competences, which are: planning, execution and presentation, for which a questionnaire was constructed and validated, which was applied as a pre-test and post-test. Descriptive and inferential statistics techniques, such as Student's t-test, were used for data processing. The conclusions indicate that the proposal significantly developed scientific and technological competences, in the planning dimension the students were located at the expected level in 40% (10) and 60% (15) superior achievement, in the execution dimension the 72% (18) in the expected level and 28% (7) in superior achievement and in the dimension of exposure in the expected level 84% (21) and in superior achievement 16% (4).

In-plane-out-of-plane single and mutual interaction of masonry infills in the nonlinear seismic analysis of RC framed structures

In the aftermath of earthquakes poor seismic response was evidenced by non-structural elements such as enclosure masonry infills (MIs), characterized by a combination of in-plane (IP) and out-of-plane (OOP) damage mechanisms. The present work is aimed at identifying the effects of this mutual interaction on the nonlinear seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures. To this end, an extensive parametric study is carried out considering a spatial one-bay multi-storey shear-type model with MIs constituted of two leaves of clay hollow bricks, which is assumed as equivalent to infilled RC framed buildings. An extensive GIS aided structural mapping of the town of Rende (Italy) is adopted in order to obtain benchmark models as close to real structures as possible, focusing on total height, in plan dimensions and maximum and minimum bay lengths of the buildings. The dependence of the results on the variation of the following design parameters is considered for the i-th cluster of buildings characterized by the same number of storeys: i.e. fundamental vibration period; behaviour factor of the bare structure; aspect ratio of MIs, defined as the ratio between the panel length and height. A five-element macro-model comprising four (diagonal) nonlinear beams and one (horizontal) central nonlinear truss for the prediction of the OOP and IP behaviour of MIs, respectively, is first implemented in a homemade computer code. The proposed algorithm addresses the issue of the nonlinear mutual interaction of MIs by modifying stiffness and strength in the OOP direction on the basis of simultaneous or prior IP damage and vice-versa. A lumped plasticity model describes the inelastic behaviour of the RC frame members. Finally, a review of the current Italian, European and American seismic code provisions is performed by means of comparison with results of nonlinear dynamic analyses. To this end, bidirectional spectrum-compatible accelerograms are considered at ultimate limit states.

The existential threat of nuclear war: A psychoanalytic comment1

AbstractUtilizing primarily the information and data compiled by both the editorial board of The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists as well as that of former nuclear war planner, Daniel Ellsberg, this paper discusses a number of heretofore classified or little publicly known dimensions of the nuclear war planning of the United States and other nuclear armed nation states, including policies of first use and command and control, the occurrence of false alarms and accidents, and the dynamics of nuclear detonation that would result in nuclear winter and worldwide famine. As such, the focus on these topics is an attempt to ameliorate both our shared ignorance regarding the once again growing threat of nuclear war, and its consequence—nuclear winter, as well as, the tendency of large groups to engage in collective denial in relation to thinking about the unthinkable, utilizing a definition from psychoanalysis of the defense mechanism of denial.

The Effectiveness of the Principal's Working Group of Public Elementary Schools in Indonesia

This study is to determine the actions of the Principal Working Group of SD Negeri in Lumpatan Village, Musi Banyuasin Regency related to planning, organization, implementation, and supervision. The descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study. Techniques for gathering data include observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that on the planning dimension, the indicators that are less effective are human resources who do not yet have good managerial performance and competence in supporting the preparation of work plans, on the organizational dimension, the indicators for preparing the Principal Working Groups plan and education and training indicators are not running effectively, on the dimension of implementation, what is to be achieved is not running effectively.

Strategic Planning and its Role in Achieving the Entrepreneurial Performance of Small and Medium Organizations

The aim of the research is to shed light on the dimensions of strategic planning and their impact on achieving entrepreneurial performance, represented by the dimensions (pre-planning, innovation, renewal, and entrepreneurial culture) in the facility affiliated with the Salah al-Din Health Department. The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data and information from the 92 sample. Those who are in the position (Associate Director General, Section Head, First Division Undersecretary, Second Division Undersecretary, Division Officer, Associate Division Officer) The statistical program (SPSS) was used to calculate (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation, F-test, identification parameters R2, X2 test, T-test) and the research reached a number of conclusions, the most prominent of which were: 1. There is an impact of strategic planning in the dimensions of tax leadership performance. 2. There are significant differences in the sample response about the items of the questionnaire in the personal variables (occupational level, scientific.

Pandemic planning, sustainability practices, and organizational performance: An empirical investigation of global manufacturing firms

Disruption events like pandemic crises and natural disasters are unpredictable and therefore, most organizations are implementing an emergency plan to mitigate the unforeseen risks. This paper presents a research framework based on sustainability theory perspectives (i.e., crisis life cycle and management cycle). To test a research model that defines key variables, we assess and validate the hypothesized relationships using a large-scale survey. The respondents are from global food, pharmaceutical, and medical manufacturing companies (n = 301). We use a polynomial regression method coupled to response surface analysis. Results suggest that in the COVID-19 pandemic context, pandemic emergency planning dimensions are positively related to organizational performance metrics (e.g., sales, net profit, on-time orders, and quality) of the food, medical and pharmaceutical industries. The response surface analysis also shows that prudent firms implement triple sustainability practices--economic improvement practices, socially responsible practices, and environmental practices--to ensure their market competitiveness and corporate reputation during critical times. Theoretical and managerial implications are presented for future studies.

The collapse of Álvaro Obregón 286 building in Mexico City during the September 19, 2017 earthquake. A case study

During the September 19, 2017 Puebla-Morelos Earthquake in Mexico City, 46 buildings experienced global or partial collapses. However, perhaps the most emblematic collapsed building during this earthquake was Álvaro Obregón 286 building (AO-286), located at Hipódromo Condesa District in the soft soils of former western Lake Texcoco. Unfortunately, 49 people died there, being the building which claimed more victims in Mexico City during this earthquake. Taking aside this tragedy, the collapse of Alvaro Obregón 286 building is an interesting case study from a structural engineering viewpoint, as it has several angles to explore to try to explain the reasons of its failure. In this paper, the authors report a detailed study that they conducted to try to understand better the collapse of AO-286 building and the observed damage in the neighboring AO-284 building. As no blueprints or lab data were publicly available, the authors did first a forensic study. Information was gathered from sources like press reports, public information and pictures taken at the site by the authors and by many other people. Then, using Google Maps and Google Earth information and tools, the following items were defined and measured: plan geometries and dimensions, story heights, locations of main structural axes, likely cross sections of structural resisting elements and observed tilting. With all this information, the authors estimated the likely steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete members and steel sections that these buildings could have had by designing them according to the recommendations available in the 1957 building code which was used in their design, using also the analytical methods and design practices at the times. Observed tilting before the earthquake, soil-structure interaction effects and the likeliness of structural pounding between AO-286 and AO-284 buildings were considered within the study. The recorded ground motions at nearby CI05 station were used for nonlinear dynamic simulations. From all these studies, it can be concluded that although AO-286 building did not have enough strength and ductility to survive the severity of the ground motions (when studied alone), structural pounding with AO-284 building, favored by the existing tilting in both buildings due to progressive soil settlements and soil-structure interaction effects had an important role in the observed collapse for AO-286 building and the severe damage observed in AO-284 building.