Use Of Place Research Articles

Digital revolution and the gender divide: factors affecting mobile phone use in India

ABSTRACT As the world digitises, being able to access and use a mobile phone is important in order to be able to participate fully in day-to-day life, accessing digital services and online information. While mobile phone handsets and cheap data plans are now ubiquitous in India, women’s access to and use of mobile phones is significantly more limited than that of men. The availability of the technology is therefore not the only factor affecting women’s access and use of mobile phones. This paper proposes a novel framework operating at three levels – individual, family and community levels, to understand the factors that affect women’s access to and use of mobile phones, and provides a snapshot of mobile phone access and use of low-income women in India based on 60 structured interviews across six states. We find that women’s mobile phone use is often constrained, based on personal factors – confidence to use a phone or adequate digital literacy; family-level factors – permission to use the phone, monitoring of phone use and community-level factors – socio-cultural norms around appropriate type and place of use. This paper contributes to a significant gap in the literature on digitisation and women’s access and use of mobile phones in India. It highlights that while the digital revolution holds great promise, the use of mobile phones is often constrained for women.

Research on the Flicker Effect in Modern Light Sources Powered by an Electrical Network

Disruptions in power quality have a negative impact on many energy consumers. These include lighting, where interference manifests itself, among others, in the form of light flickering. The article presents phenomena accompanying the operation of modern light sources against the background of exemplary results of studies on the flicker of conventional light sources, such as incandescent or fluorescent lamps. The flickering effect of light generated in modern lamps can occur under stable voltage conditions in the supply network. The main subjects of the conducted research were solid-state light sources—light-emitting diode (LED) lamps, currently available on the lighting market. To assess the effects of these phenomena, it is necessary to use measures other than those traditionally used. The method used allows for the measurement of flicker resulting from both power supply disturbances and the properties of modern light sources. Using the developed measurement system, it is possible to record temporal changes in flicker coefficients resulting from, for example, changing supply voltage conditions. Due to the possibility of flickering light from sources offered by different manufacturers, as shown by research, it is advisable to carry out measurements at the place of use of the lighting.

Стоимость лекарственного лечения пациентов с онкологическими заболеваниями в амбулаторных условиях, рассчитанная на основании стандартов медицинской помощи.

Modern oncology has achieved impressive results in terms of increasing life expectancy and reducing mortality of patients with malignant neoplasms. This has led to many patients requiring long-term outpatient treatment. The purpose of the study is to calculate the cost of treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms in the Russian Federation in an outpatient setting based on standards of medical care. Materials and methods. Based on the standards of medical care, the cost of drug treatment for patients with cancer in an outpatient setting was calculated. A comparison was made of the estimated amount with the actual costs of purchasing drugs for outpatient use. Results. Current regulations do not determine the place of use of drugs under the conditions of medical care. Criteria for classifying drugs as drugs for outpatient use are proposed. The highest drug costs for outpatient cancer patients are for the treatment of breast cancer, melanoma, kidney cancer and ovarian cancer. Conclusions. Calculating the cost of drug treatment for patients with cancer in an outpatient setting based on standards of care does not reflect the true need for treatment based on clinical guidelines.

Assessment of Water Quality and its Risk to Human Health Posed by Drinking Water from Open Sources in Jammu and Kashmir

Globally, the quality of the water has been connected to health outcomes. This study assessed the community practices surrounding water collection and storage, the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of drinking water supplied by the public health division from the point of use to the source in Anatnag, and the risks to human health associated with water consumption. A water quality assessment was performed on one hundred samples. To find out how the community moves water from its source to its point of use and stores it, questionnaires were employed. The majority of the homes (73%) do not purify their water before consumption, and many of them reported frequent interruptions in the water supply. Although total coliform and E. coli were not found in the water samples taken at the reservoir's source, It was discovered that there was significant E. Col and total coliform contamination in the samples taken from the street taps and the domestic storage containers at the point of use. During the rainy season, higher levels of E. Coli and total coliform were found than during the dry season. The amounts of trace metals in the drinking water samples fell below the World Health Organization's and Indian Standards' acceptable limit. Drinking water through ingestion and cutaneous channels has noncarcinogenic effects that are assessed using hazard quotient toxicity potential and cumulative hazard index. These effects are less than unity, which suggests that there may not be a major non-carcinogenic health risk associated with water intake. sporadic disruptions to the water supply as well as specific methods of water storage and transit by residents of the community raise the possibility of contaminated water. We suggest that the province of Kashmir receive a more steady supply of treated water and that its citizens be instructed in hygienic methods for carrying and storing drinking water from the point of origin to the place of use

Value for money of reusable versus disposable ophthalmic instruments for intravitreal injections

aim: The aim of this study was to follow the instruments’ pathways and cost each segment to calculate whether reusable or disposable ophthalmic instruments offer better value for money for intravitreal injections. methods: The cycles and costs of reusable and single-use disposable instruments used for intravitreal injections were mapped out, including purchase costs, transport to and from the place of use, opening and disposal, sterilisation, replacement, salary costs of staff involved, etc. results: The cost of using reusable instruments for intravitreal injections (NZ$29.00) was lower than the cost of using disposable instruments ($30.51) by $1.51 per patient. conclusions: Intravitreal injections performed with reusable instruments offer better value for money than when performed with disposable instruments. This equates to a beneficial financial saving just for this one low-complexity case. Such savings can multiply significantly when considering the instruments used in a wider variety of ophthalmic procedures. There are of course trade-offs between safety, quality, cost and sustainability.

KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK BAHASA INDONESIA PADA PETANI DAN BURUH TANI DI KECAMATAN COMAL

This research is based on the use of Indonesian among marginalized communities. In everyday life, Indonesians still does not attract public attention. This research aims to describe the use of Indonesian among farming communities and farm workers in Comal District, Pemalang Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative which aims to describe the use of Indonesian in the people of Sikayu Village, Comal District, Pemalang Regency. The data collection technique in this research was carried out using skilled listening and involvement techniques.The results of the research show that in the language variation category, farmers and farm workers predominantly master Javanese. This is confirmed by the results of interviews which state that the most dominant language used is Javanese. Meanwhile, the results of interviews with the speech community category show that farmers and farm workers are already accustomed to using Javanese when communicating or interacting anywhere. Based on the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that the use of Indonesian in the speech community in Sikayu Village, Comal District, Pemalang Regency, is an example of a bilingual community. The use of Indonesian among marginal farmers and farm laborers in Sikayu Village is influenced by social status and the place of use.

КАЙРА ИШТЕТҮҮ ИШКАНАЛАРЫНЫН КАРЖЫЛЫК-ЭКОНОМИКАЛЫК ЖАНА МАТЕРИАЛДЫК-ТЕХНИКАЛЫК РЕСУРСТАРЫНЫН КОЛДОНУЛУУСУ

This article provides an overview analysis of the main resources used in increasing the efficiency of processing enterprises, including the effective use of financial, economic and material and technical resources. Advantages of using financial, economic, material and technical resources in increasing the productivity of processing enterprises have been proven on a scientific and theoretical basis. And, in the article, it is aimed to reveal the place of use of financial, economic and material and technical resources in achieving high profitability and best efficiency for various processing enterprises. Comparison, analysis and hypothesis methods are used in the research, scientific and theoretical aspects are presented. As a result, we have shown that in the process of managing financial resources in enterprises, issues about sources of formation and directions of their use are solved. Economic indicators of developed countries include gross domestic product per capita, unemployment rate, human development index, inflation rate and other key aspects of the economy and society.

El cuerpo vestido como construcción de identidades latinoamericanas a partir de lo monstruoso. Un enfoque decolonial para la enseñanza de la moda

This research analyzes and questions fashion and its respective teaching from a colonial matrix, constantly constructed from the body as a place of use, representation and construction of fashion and its imaginaries. In this way, learning exercises in fashion are traditionally based on the recognition of the anatomical-ergonomic of the body in direct relation to the needs of the hegemonic industry, which imposes its narratives and canons. Thanks to the decolonial foundation of the Professional Program in Fashion of the Universidad Santo Tomás and through its modular project, the approach to the body is proposed from the monstrous as a place of the possibilities of creation, which allows exploring other dimensions of representation and body construction. Derived from the above, eight projects are developed conceptually and materially in the period 2024-1 as part of Module 1: design and identities that covers the first and second semester of the course, where it is built, based on the reflections on identity, a narrative that challenges and deconstructs the hegemonic imaginaries that fashion has imposed on certain corporealities and corporealities. This in order to broaden the spectrum of fashion to a plurality of representations and that first semester students at the beginning of their specific training in fashion, led from the costume and clothing workshop I, are able to propose from the problematization and exploration of historically marginalized imaginaries.

Поняття нікнейма: сутність, основні функції

Network name as a primary factor in self-presentation shapes the first impression of the user in the virtual world, becoming an integral component of achieving the set goal. The purpose of this article is to analyze the concept of a nickname, define its essence, highlight characteristic features, and understand its main functions. In particular, the specific character of nickname definitions in lexicographical works and scientific research papers have been studied. It has been determined that contemporary linguistic works actively discuss the issue of internet communication in general and the functioning of linguistic naming units in particular. The revised the following characteristics of nicknames highlighted by the vast majority of researchers have been identified: definition of this concept suggested in the paper is crucial for our research. Moreover, a real or fictional name, a pseudonym, an alias utilized by users for internet communication; the place of use – chats, forums, blogs; the place of communication – the global network, communication on the internet in general. Furthermore, it is important to highlight specific features of nicknames, considering that communication in social networks, chats, forums, and self-presentation in them undergo constant changes. Therefore, this article characterizes the common and distinctive features of a network name and similar onyms as the login name (loginonyms) (presented in computer discourse), an alias, pseudonym, and cryptonym (recognized in onomastics). Common features of a nickname and an alias include the ability to create an unlimited number of onyms for one person, therefore hiding the real identity and modeling a fictional one; as well as non-conventionality of the form and fictionality of the name. Similarly to login names (loginonyms), nicknames are specific types of proper names in the field of Internet communication. Moreover, cryptonym, login name (loginonym), and network name are used in written form. Additionally, the article defines the marking features of network names. Since a nickname is a multifunctional phenomenon, the functional-semantic potential of nicknames is outlined in this scientific research. As a result, it has been revealed that the functions of network names should be categorized depending on the place of their use.

Corticosteroids in critically ill patients: A narrative review.

Corticosteroids have been utilized in modern medicine for decades. Many indications have been investigated across various treatment settings with both benefit and harm observed. Given the instability of critically ill patients, the increased risk of corticosteroid-related complications, and the pervasive comorbidities, patients who receive corticosteroids must be carefully managed. Common critical care disease states in which corticosteroids have been studied and are routinely utilized include acute respiratory distress syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, angioedema, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, community-acquired pneumonia, coronavirus disease 2019, septic shock, and spinal cord injury. Benefits of corticosteroids include an improvement in disease state-specific outcomes, decreased hospital length of stay, decreased mechanical ventilatory support, and decreased mortality. The harm of corticosteroids is well documented through adverse effects that include, but are not limited to, hyperglycemia, tachycardia, hypertension, agitation, delirium, anxiety, immunosuppression, gastrointestinal bleeding, fluid retention, and muscle weakness. Furthermore, corticosteroids are associated with increased health care costs through adverse effects as well as drug acquisition and administration costs. Given the assortment of agents, dosing, benefits, risks, and utilization in the critical care setting, there may be difficulty with identifying the appropriate places for use of corticosteroids in therapy. There currently exists no comprehensive report detailing the use of corticosteroids in the aforementioned disease states within the critical care setting. This narrative review sets out to describe these in detail.

Ethnographic Study of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Makassar, South Sulawesi Province

The study aimed to explore information about factors and social realities that influence pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) seeking and accessing behavior in Makassar, South Sulawesi Province. This basic research uses a type of ethnographic research, data from the views of the community (emic views), namely health workers, program managers, PrEP service recipients, key groups, related community groups, and communities. Results show that people with high HIV potential are generally unwilling or embarrassed to disclose and often fill out paperwork dishonestly, due to cultural realities. Customs, habits, and practices among potential PrEP clients, known as user culture, make it difficult for interventions to select appropriate and accurate health services, thus affecting future transmission maps. In conclusion, potential users are still secretive, and their sexual activities and places of use of PrEP services do not want to be known by others. The social and cultural reality demonstrated by PrEP users at the Andalas Puskesmas is that some persons tend to avoid the Andalas Puskesmas working area, claiming that they are embarrassed to be seen by residents.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE LEXICAL LEVEL OF THE GENDER IDENTITY IN LITERARY TRANSLATION IN KYRGYZ AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

This article examines the theoretical issues of the gender aspect of linguistic research, in particular in translation practice. The issues of the influence of the gender identity of the authors on the style of writing and the nature of the work are considered. Dependence on social, sociocultural and political factors of carriers of a particular gene is also described. And against the background of historical need, the development of the feminist theory of translation. The main purpose of this scientific article is to identify the features of the feminist theory of translation at the lexical level and describe the gender characteristics that influence the choice of language means. Also, with the help of works of art, a comparative analysis of the place of use of figurative means, stylistic features of characters, objects, and the belonging of words to the male or female sex is carried out.

The use of evidence in criminal proceedings as a component of the evidetiary process

The article is devoted to elucidating the essence and content of the use of evidence, as well as to justifying the identification of such a category as a separate component of evidentiary process in criminal proceedings. It was found that despite the absence of the category "use of evidence” among the provisions of Part 2 of Art. 91 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, the term is used by the legislator in a number of articles of the current CPC of Ukraine. The positions of domestic scientists regarding the essence of the use of evidence were analyzed. It was found that the majority of doctrinal definitions of this term boil down to the understanding of the use of evidence as the manipulation of it (evidence, their procedural sources, evidentiary information) for the performance of intermediate and final tasks (that is, the achievement of certain positive results) in criminal proceedings.
 Based on the study of the provisions of the current legislation and doctrinal sources, it was established that evidence is used by justifying, making, and implementing decisions in criminal proceedings. The following forms of evidence use are singled out: procedural decisions, decisions on submitting evidence to the court and substantiating legal positions with them, on submitting motions and complaints during the pre-trial investigation, tactical decisions of the prosecution and other subjects of evidence. The general mechanism of making the listed decisions and the place of use of evidence in the system of components of evidentiary activity are considered.
 The use of evidence is defined as a component of the evidentiary process, a set of logical and instrumental operations consisting in justifying with evidence (evidential information), making and implementing decisions by the subject of proof in order to fulfill their own tasks in criminal proceedings.
 Further research prospects in the analyzed field are related to the scientific and theoretical study of the essence, types and mechanism of decision­making in criminal proceedings as a form of evidence use.

Toolkit for increasing the efficiency of land resource use in the territorial communities' management

The article examines the main tools for achieving more efficient and sustainable use of land resources in managing territorial communities. The place of use of land resources in the management of territorial communities is analyzed. In this context, land resources are objects of the management of territorial communities, which include the territory, the air space above it, soils, vegetation, and natural resources that have material form and monetary value and can also potentially participate in the production of agricultural or industrial products, performing works, providing services, and bringing income to their owners in the form of land rent. It was emphasized that Ukraine is currently facing numerous problems caused by the war, particularly insufficient funding at the disposal of territorial communities, and therefore, the main goal is the most efficient use of all available resources, in particular land resources, to ensure development and increase their independence. Primarily financial, maximizing the potential of individual territories. The main tools for increasing the efficiency of the use of land resources in the management of territorial communities are identified the implementation of geo-information systems, economic mechanisms, land development, and zoning planning, the establishment of environmental standards, public involvement in the process of land resource management, and raising the level of awareness and education in the field of effective land use. Having analyzed the management of land resources in Ukraine, especially in the context of new territorial communities, it was noted the presence of several significant problems, in particular, such as: insufficiently defined boundaries of the territory of the community, restrictions on the use of land outside settlements, insufficient income to the local budget from land payments, limited possibility of making strategic plans due to lack of information about land resources, problems of land pollution, refusal to grant land to citizens, difficulties in attracting investors and business development in the territory of the community, underestimation and incorrect reservation of promising territories for development, low quality of maintenance of reclamation systems and problems with illegal use of forest resources. Keywords: land resources, management of land resources, territorial communities, efficiency of use of land resources, decentralization.

Changing the High Strength Steel Surface Properties with Femtosecond Laser Beam

Today, the automotive industry is undergoing rapid change. While manufacturers are constantly switching to fully or semi-electric hybrid models, the weight of the vehicles also increases significantly due to the extra weight of the batteries. Since the weight of vehicles has the most significant influence on their consumption and, with it, harmful emissions (even indirectly far from the place of use), manufacturers strive to keep weight under control with continuous improvements. One of the main directions of the developments is the use of new light but at the same time heavy-duty materials with a wide variety of material combinations. These new material pairings pose challenges to knitting technology solutions, which need to be developed similarly. In the course of our research, we are investigating how the surface properties can be optimized in the case of steel with increased strength for the automotive industry, without additional added material and changes visible to the naked eye. We subject the examined DP600 material to a short-pulse laser beam treatment, and we manage to change the surface structure so that the interface properties measured by wetting are significantly improved. The results are confirmed by electron microscopic examinations.

Leveraging COVID-19 Vaccine Safety Monitoring in Ethiopia and Pakistan to Enhance System-Wide Safety Surveillance.

The rapid development, introduction, and global uptake of COVID-19 vaccines required countries to have strong pharmacovigilance systems in place to monitor and address adverse events following immunization (AEFIs). These systems provide timely data on vaccine safety that support decisions about the potential risks of vaccine adverse events relative to the benefit of disease prevention. In Ethiopia, the monitoring system was limited by the lack of data being submitted through its passive surveillance system, delays in investigating serious adverse events and conducting causality assessments, and the lack of reporting to the World Health Organization (WHO) global database, VigiBase. In Pakistan, the pharmacovigilance system lacked reporting requirements and guidance documentation, regulatory policies were insufficient, and staff lacked the capacity to evaluate AEFI reports. Several interventions were implemented in both countries to improve pharmacovigilance systems and processes necessary to collect, analyze, and report AEFIs from health care facilities to the national level and facilitate the use of global and national electronic reporting tools. In addition, Pakistan improved the regulatory policy environment and engaged vaccine manufacturers and private sector health facilities in AEFI reporting for the first time in the country. Outcomes include an increased number of COVID-19 vaccine-related AEFIs reported and causality assessments completed, which means that potential safety issues were being analyzed more quickly, comprehensively, and accurately. The number of AEFI reports submitted to VigiBase by Pakistan's regulatory authority more than quintupled from approximately 5,000/quarter in 2021 to 28,555/quarter in 2022. In Ethiopia, by October 2022, 44,000 AEFI reports had been received, and 40 causality assessments completed. In both countries, timely AEFI data review and analysis led to prompt recommendations and regulatory actions, highlighting the far-reaching implications of strengthening the country-level pharmacovigilance systems. These strengthened systems are now in place for use with all vaccines.

Neither laissez-faire nor prohibition: the khat regulation policy preferences of people who chew khat and local social service providers in Ethiopia

Background This study examines the opinions of khat-chewers and local social service providers about the current regulatory framework for khat and their preferred policy option(s). Methods Interviews were conducted with 102 khat-chewing individuals, five habitual groups, and ten social service providers in Jimma, Ethiopia. Results Most of the participants believe that neither laissez-faire nor prohibition policies are appropriate. Reasons for supporting the reform of the current laissez-faire approach include: worries about the escalating use of khat, concerns about the safety of the khat supply, the adverse effects of khat on the city’s aesthetics and hygiene, and negative impacts on economic security. Reasons for opposing the introduction of a policy of prohibition include: prohibition would be counterproductive, and it would undermine the socioeconomic significance of khat. However, the study participants did suggest several regulatory activities, which can be thematized into primary and secondary preventive strategies. Conclusion The preferred regulatory approaches include addressing the structural causes of (problematic) khat use, empowering khat-chewers with awareness about appropriate use, managing the supply of khat, and restricting the age of users and place of use. These regulations are intended to reduce supply, demand and harm, and they depict the khat problem as a complex system.

A contribution to the urbanization and marble supply of Roman Thrace: an interdisciplinary study

The study of marble trade in antiquity has received a lot of scholarly attention in the last few decades; however, numerous deposits of high-quality white marble in the Thracian interior have only recently become pivotal in Bulgaria. Following the establishment of Thrace as a Roman province, investments into transport infrastructure, urban and rural construction works and monumentalizing architecture in marble have led to an increased demand for stone. Local marble quarries close to urban centres and larger imperial quarries were used for civic buildings, villas and sanctuaries. Provenance analysis of marble quarries and artefacts has established a close link between the place of origin and subsequent place of use. This multi-disciplinary study explores marble sources in the Thracian interior via various approaches such as epigraphy, archaeology, and archaeometry regarding urbanization, trade, and transportation. In this paper, we consider and investigate the Berkovitsa marble, a quarry close to Montana in northwestern Bulgaria, and present a broader framework for the marble trade of the region.

As for the interaction between railway stations and places of use

The main reasons limiting the application of the analytical method in industrial transport are: the impossibility of mass classification and typification of access tracks; real access tracks belong to the system of mass service; the complexity and huge labor intensity of obtaining numerical characteristics; the use of timing or statistical data does not allow to determine if the access track was operating in an optimal mode, and requires new research when conditions of both external and internal nature change; the formulas used for calculations by the analytical method are approximate. The reserves for accelerating the turnover of wagons on access tracks largely depend on the railways. Strict adherence to contractual conditions for delivering and cleaning wagons, timely information about the arrival of empty and loaded wagons, and the use of flexible forms of organizing wagon flows allow significant improvements in the use of wagons on access tracks.

WORLD EXPERIENCE IN CO2 TRANSPORTATION

In the modern world, greenhouse gases have a direct impact on global temperature rise throughout the Earth. There are various greenhouse gases, but one of the main ones is carbon dioxide — СО2, which is released not only during the combustion of organic fuel, but also during its extraction, as well as during various natural geological processes, such as volcanic eruptions.In the near future, according to the environmental decarbonization agenda, there will be a much more global deployment of projects for the capture and storage of carbon dioxide on an industrial base, especially in densely populated areas, so there will be a need to eliminate the main gaps in knowledge of the behavior of СО2 during transportation in the supercritical phase.The article provides an overview and analysis of carbon dioxide emissions on the territory of the Russian Federation — the regions with the highest СО2 emissions are identified and the need to study various options for transporting carbon dioxide in connection with large greenhouse gas emissions and the need to reduce them is shown.An analysis of a number of foreign carbon dioxide transport projects has been carried out, on the basis of which a benchmark with basic design data has been compiled. Special attention is paid to the transportation of carbon dioxide from the places of capture to the places of use or burial. Data on 37 pipeline СО2 transport systems located both on land and at sea are presented.The material also shows the main technical features of СО2 transportation related to the choice of pipeline material and energy machines for stream compression — the main problems in the field of СО2 transportation arising during the development of СО2 capture and storage projects are considered.Emergency situations that occurred on СО2 pipelines are considered separately, their consequences are reflected and the main causes of occurrence are identified, which include corrosion processes, as well as features of the physico-chemical properties of the transported product and its preparation for transportation through pipelines.