Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire Research Articles

Association between frailty and sleep quality in people living with multiple sclerosis and obesity: An observational cross-sectional study

BackgroundA majority of the people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) experience sleep disturbances. Frailty is also common in pwMS. The geriatric literature strongly suggests that frailty is associated with worse sleep outcomes in community-dwelling older adults, but this association has yet to be explored among pwMS. This study focused on examining the association between frailty and sleep quality in pwMS. MethodsSeventy-six people with both MS and obesity (mean age: 47.6 ± 10.9 years, 81.6 % female, mean body mass index (BMI): 37.10 ± 5.5 kg/m2, mean Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS): 0.82 ± 1.20) were included in this cross-sectional secondary analysis. A comprehensive frailty index (FI) based on 41 health deficits from various health domains was calculated based on standardized procedures. Sleep quality was determined by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI). ResultsOverall, 67.1 % of the participants were identified as non-frail (FI ≤ 0.25), and 32.9 % were identified as frail (FI > 0.25). A significant correlation was observed between FI scores and global PSQI scores (ρ = 0.43, p < 0.05). Cross-tabulation analyses revealed that frail participants had worse subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, daytime dysfunction, and higher use of sleep medications compared to non-frail participants (p < 0.05). ConclusionsThe current study identified a significant association between frailty and sleep quality in people with both MS and obesity with minimal disability. These findings underscore the importance of untangling the relationship between frailty and sleep quality in pwMS. These results could lead to a more targeted approach for rehabilitation interventions aiming to improve frailty in MS.

Ansietas dan Kualitas Tidur Lanjut Usia

Sleep disorders in the elderly continue to increase. About 50% of the elderly complain of difficulty sleeping. One of the causes is anxiety. Deterioration of mental condition in the elderly is the most visible result of lack of sleep. To improve the quality of sleep of the elderly can be done by controlling the time of elderly naps, light exercise, and relaxation therapy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between anxiety and sleep quality of the elderly in the work area of UPTD Muara Kumpeh Health Center. The independent variable is anxiety and the dependent variable is sleep quality. The research location is in the working area of UPTD Muara Kumpeh Health Center, starting from September 2022-April 2023. There were 106 samples using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling method. The data collection instruments used were the ZSAS (Zung-Self Anxiety Rate Scale) questionnaire and the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) questionnaire using the Kendall tau statistical test. There was a statistically significant relationship between anxiety and sleep quality of the elderly with a value of p = 0.000 (p &lt; 0.05). The role of puskesmas officers in providing health promotion such as providing motivation and encouragement, as well as teaching relaxation therapy is needed to overcome anxiety and improve the quality of sleep of the elderly.

Physical activity levels and sleep quality among military aircrew during COVID-19: A questionnaire-based pilot study

Objective: Adequate physical activities (PAs) and sleep quality are also crucial factors for maintaining optimal performance in military aircrew given the physiological demands of alien flying conditions and the occupational stress of the military lifestyle. During the COVID-19 pandemic, PA levels and sleep quality are compromised globally. Due to a lack of adequate research studies, this pilot study was aimed at assessing the PA levels and sleep quality among military aircrew during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: Fifty-nine aircrew (Weight: 68.7 ± 6.45 kg and body mass index: 22.6 ± 1.76 kg/m2) of a training establishment voluntarily participated in this anonymous pen-paper pilot survey. The participants included instructors/trainee aircrew and one female aircrew. Responses for the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and self-rating before the pandemic along with demographic details were collected. Data were expressed as a median and interquartile range with statistical significance set at 0.05. Results: About 80% of participants reported participating in games and PA regularly. Before the pandemic, 68% of aircrew did moderate-vigorous PA and &gt;93% had average-good sleep quality. Total PA during the pandemic was 1059 (594, 1074) MET-min/week with an energy expenditure of 1226.48 (623.7, 2036.7) Kcal/week. Time spent sitting was 6 (5, 10) h/day and more than 86% of aircrew reported good global PSQI score. The effect of the pandemic was observed as significantly reduced energy expenditure, that is, 1001.25 (673.2, 1794) Kcal/week among aircrew who self-rated high levels of PA before the pandemic (P = 0.042). Aircrew who regularly played games significantly engaged in more total PA of 1547 (827, 1911) MET-min/weeks (P &lt; 0.0001) with a significantly higher energy expenditure of 1752.7 Kcal/week (P &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion: Despite pandemic restrictions, aircrew who were regularly involved in PA/games were able to maintain a better PA level. Moreover, aircrew with better sleep quality significantly engaged in higher PA levels and lesser sitting time. Sedentary behavior was assessed as sitting time increased in trainee aircrew, aircrew who were not involved in active flying, and aircrew with bad sleep quality.

Sleep Disturbances in Early Gestation and the Risks of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Maternal poor sleep quality may increase blood pressure during pregnancy, but sound evidence is still limited and inconsistent. To evaluate whether sleep disturbances in early gestation are risk factors for the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, we conducted the Early Life Plan Project from June 2016 to December 2019. Maternal sleep patterns were assessed at 12-16 weeks of gestation by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. For gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, we estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multinomial logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders. Among 5,532 eligible women, we observed that maternal blood pressure in early gestation was significantly higher in women with low sleep efficiency (≤85%), long sleep duration (≥9 hours/night), and snoring. Compared with nonsnorers, snoring in early gestation was independently associated with preeclampsia (OR=1.72 (95% CI: 1.09, 2.73) for snoring once or twice per week; OR=2.06 (95% CI: 1.01, 4.31) for snoring 3 or more times per week), particularly for term preeclampsia (OR=1.79 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.95) and 2.26 (95% CI: 1.03, 4.95), respectively). Results suggest that snoring in early gestation may be a significant risk factor for preeclampsia, with a dose-response pattern.

Efficacy of digestive enzyme supplementation in functional dyspepsia: A monocentric, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial

Functional dyspepsia is a form of dyspepsia lacking in clear causes following clinical assessment. Dyspepsia is characterized by episodic or persistent abdominal pain or discomfort of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Its onset has been linked with a deficiency or dysfunction of digestive enzymes. Thus, consumption of digestive multi-enzymatic preparations may be effectively used for the reduction of symptoms. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of the supplementation of a normal diet with a multi-enzyme blend obtained from fungal fermentation, in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, clinical trial. Enrolled subjects (n = 120, male: 63, female: 57), aged 18–59 years, were randomized (allocation ratio 1:1) to receive either 2 capsules per day of the food supplement (containing 200 mg of the multi-enzyme blend/capsule) or placebo, for 2 months. The primary outcome of the study (i.e., improvements in quality of life) was evaluated by the Nepean Dyspepsia Index-SF (NDI-SF) questionnaire, while the secondary outcomes (i.e., severity of pain and the quality of sleep) were assessed through the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The results showed an improvement in NDI-SF1, NDI-SF2–5, VAS, and PSQI scores in subjects treated with the multi-enzyme blend, indicating an improvement in quality of life and of sleep, and a decreased severity of pain, following the supplementation with digestive enzymes, without side effects. In conclusion, treatment with digestive enzymes was found to be effective in the reduction of functional dyspepsia symptoms and in the improvement of sleep quality, and is well-tolerated.

Prevalence of Sleep Quality among Academic Staff of a Private University in Malaysia

Introduction: Poor sleep quality is frequently related to poor mental health and is a common medical disorder. It may differ by population, but limited studies have been done in Malaysia. This study was conducted to measure the prevalence of poor sleep quality among academic staff at Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus. Methods: In total, 344 randomly selected academic staff were approached to answer the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Results: Unexpectedly, 42.7 % of them were affected by poor sleep quality (global PSQI score &gt;5). The average actual sleep duration was recorded at 6.68 hours. Age and global PSQI scores were not significantly correlated. Female staff had poorer subjective sleep quality (P= 0.027). The elder age group (P= 0.012) and associate professors and professors (P= 0.006) consumed more sleep medications. Non-Ph.D. holders had poorer subjective sleep quality (P= 0.008) and sleep latency (P= 0.032) as well as global PSQI score (P= 0.045) compared to Ph.D. holders. Conclusion: Prevalence of poor sleep quality was higher than expected among academic staff. This may affect workplace functioning and burden the staff with more health issues related to poor sleep quality.

The prevalence and predictors of poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in epilepsy: A single tertiary centre experience in Malaysia

Background and objectivePeople with epilepsy frequently encounter sleep disruptions that can stem from a variety of complex factors. Epilepsy-related sleep disturbance can lead to reduced quality of life and excessive daytime hypersomnolence. Identification of sleep disturbances may help in the overall management of epilepsy patients. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and predictors of poor sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in epilepsy. MethodsA cross-sectional study on 284 epilepsy patients was performed in a local tertiary centre. The demographic and clinical epilepsy data were collected. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaires were utilised to determine the quality of life and daytime hypersomnolence of epilepsy patients, respectively. ResultsPoor sleep quality was reported in 78 (27.5%) patients while daytime hypersomnolence was present in 17 (6%) patients. The predictors of poor sleep quality include structural causes (OR = 2.749; 95% CI: 1.436, 5.264, p = 0.002), generalised seizures (OR = 1.959, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.689, p = 0.037), and antiseizure medications such as Carbamazepine (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.095, 5.001, p = 0.028) and Topiramate (OR 2.487; 95% CI: 1.028, 6.014, p = 0.043). Females are 3.797 times more likely score higher in ESS assessment (OR 3.797; 95% CI: 1.064, 13.555 p = 0.04). DiscussionSleep disturbances frequently coexist with epilepsy. Patients should be actively evaluated using the PSQI and ESS questionnaires. It is imperative to identify the key factors that lead to reduced sleep quality and heightened daytime sleepiness in patients with epilepsy, as this is essential to properly manage their condition.

Hubungan Lama Pemakaian Smartphone Dengan Tingkat Kualitas Tidur Pada Remaja Di Kabupaten Brebes

Adolescents had a problem in lack of fulfillment of sleep needs. This problem has increased along with changes in patterns and lifestyles. One of the lifestyles that are currently popular among adolescents is smartphone addiction. Prolonged use of smartphones before night bedtime will affect adolescent sleep patterns. The research aim is to determine the relationship between smartphone use and sleep quality in adolescents at MAN 1 Brebes. The research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach to correlational research design. The research instrument used the “Kuesioner Penggunaan Smartphone” and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire. The study sample is 297 students recruited using stratified random sampling techniques. The inclusion criteria in the research were active students, willing to be respondents, and using smartphones. The data was analyzed using the Kendall-Tau correlation. The study result showed the majority of adolescents had a high frequency of smartphone use, and the quality of sleep was in the poor category. There was a relationship between smartphone use and the sleep quality of adolescents in Brebes with a value of Sig. (2-tailed) -0.08 (sig. 2-tailed) 0.005) and Correlation Coefficient 0.184 (very weak). Adolescents show poor sleep quality conditions with a high category in smartphone use.

Poor sleep quality, COPD severity and survival according to CASIS and Pittsburgh questionnaires

Poor sleep quality is frequent among COPD patients and it has been related to worse outcomes. The objective of this study was to compare the COPD and Asthma Sleep Impact Scale (CASIS) and the generic Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires as reliable tools for evaluating sleep quality and its relationship with COPD characteristics and survival. Stable COPD patients were prospectively evaluated. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, comorbidity, lung function and treatment data were collected. All patients completed CASIS and PSQI, mMRC dyspnea severity scale, COPD Assessment Test (CAT), sleep apnoea STOP-Bang and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaires. Body mass index, airflow Obstruction, Dyspnea and Exacerbations (BODEx) index was calculated. Life status was determined after a mean follow-up of 3.7 (SD 1) years. We included 200 patients, 69.5% male, mean age 65.8 (9) years. Poor sleep was detected in 100 (50%) and 84 patients (42%) according to PSQI and CASIS questionnaires, respectively, with an agreement of 63%. Poor sleep was related to female gender, more severe dyspnea and worse BODEx, HADS and CAT scores according to both questionnaires. PSQI was associated to chronic pain or inferior urinary tract symptoms and CASIS to exacerbations, shorter walked distance in the 6-min walking test and treatment with oral corticosteroids or chronic oxygen. Thirty nine (19.5%) patients died during follow-up. Mortality was not associated to PSQI nor CASIS results. Unlike PSQI, CASIS is more related to COPD severity and its results are not influenced by comorbidities with known impact on sleep quality. In our sample, poor sleep quality was not associated with increased mortality.

Prevalence of sleep disturbances and its relationship with mobile phone overuse among an Iranian sample of students: a necessity for attention

Background and objectivesSleep disturbances are recognized as a potential core feature of some major psychiatric conditions, and overuse of mobile phones in recent years can leave potential negative effects on this central feature, which is especially important to assess among students. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disturbances and its relationship with mobile phone overuse among an Iranian sample of university students.MethodsAfter 406 Iranian students from the Birjand University of Medical Sciences completed the demographic data, Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale (MPPUS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires, data were analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results74.4% of individuals had a moderate to severe problem with their subjective sleep quality, and 33.7% had moderate to severe problems with delay in falling asleep. Additionally, 44.1% of individuals experienced mild to moderate problems in sleep duration, and most of them (97.3%) severely suffered from inadequate sleep efficiency. In terms of sleep disorders, 78.8% of individuals reported a mild problem. Furthermore, most individuals (81.3%) have not used sleep-inducing medications to fall asleep, and in terms of daily dysfunction, 75.57% individuals had mild to moderate problems. Additionally, a significant positive correlation of 0.244 was observed between the score of sleep disturbances and mobile phone overuse (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of sleep disturbances was quite considerable, and there was a significant positive relationship between excessive mobile phone use and sleep disturbances among the target group.

HUBUNGAN MEDIA SOSIAL DAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA SISWI DAN SISWA SMA NEGERI 21 MAKASSAR

The development in the field of science, information and technology is rapidly increasing in this era. People cannot be separated by using the internet, including teenagers. This research was to determine the relationship between the use of social media and the students’ quality of sleep in SMA Negeri 21 Makassar. This study used quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The population was all students of SMA 21 Makassar and a sample was students of class XII of SMA 21 Makassar. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with a total sample of 75 respondents. This research was conducted in July 2023. The tools used were a social media questionnaire and a PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) questionnaire. The scale used was the Likert scale with univariate, bivariate and analysis tests. Chi-Square statistics with a significance level of α ꞊ 0.05. There was a significant relationship between the use of social media and the students’ sleep quality in SMA Negeri 21 Makassar with a p-value of ꞊ 0.00. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between social media use and sleep quality in students. It is expected that students can control the use of smartphones properly and students are able to manage their sleep schedules.

Health-related factors and dysregulation of epigenetic related genes in metabolic syndrome trigger finger patients and smoker trigger finger patients: preliminary analysis of patient-derived sample

PurposeTo investigate the health-related factors and analyze the expression of epigenetic related genes and inflammatory genes in metabolic syndrome Trigger Finger (TF) and smoker TF.MethodsSamples from patients’ fingers with symptomatic TF were collected. There were seven groups: healthy control group, carpal tunnel syndrome (as a control for gene expression analysis), TF, diabetic TF, hypertensive TF, dyslipidemic TF and smoker TF. The expression levels of epigenetic related genes and inflammatory genes in metabolic syndrome TF and smoker TF were evaluated by the reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires, disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) and numeric pain rating scale were given to the participants to fill out.ResultsThere was a significant increase in hand dysfunction in the metabolic TF groups and smoker group compared to the TF group (p < 0.0001). The stress levels of the smoker TF group and TF with hypertension group were significantly increased compared with those in the TF group (p < 0.03) and (p < 0.021), respectively. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the COL-I, COL-II and TNF-α gene expression of the metabolic TF groups and smoker group (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsHealth-related factors in the TF tendons was highly associated with the level of inflammation and genetic alteration in TF metabolic syndromes and smoker TF patients. Therefore, further investigation is required to examine the combination of occupational therapy, gene expression, and health-related factors as a promising method of managing TF.

Pengaruh Terapi Spritual Emotional Freedom Technique terhadap Kualitas Tidur pada Lansia

This study aims to determine the effect of SEFT therapy on sleep quality in the elderly. This research is quantitative research using a quasi experiment approach with a research design using a quasi experimental pretest-posttest with control group design. Sampling used purposive sampling technique with a total of 15 respondents each for the control group and 15 people for the intervention group. Pre and post sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The results of the research, bivariate analysis with paired t test in the intervention group showed that there was a difference between sleep quality before and after the SEFT intervention with a P-Value of 0.012. Meanwhile, in the control group there was no difference between sleep quality before and after with a P-Value of 0.089. The results of statistical tests using the independent t test showed a significant difference between sleep quality in the intervention and control groups, p value = 0.004 &lt; α (0.05). In conclusion, there is an influence of SEFT therapy on sleep quality in the elderly in Subangjaya Village. Suggestions for future researchers are using quantitative methods (Quasi Experimental) in mixed methods with qualitative which is expected to provide in-depth information about SEFT therapy.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Sleep Quality, Elderly, SEFT

Prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among industrial workers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: findings from a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among Bole Lemi Industrial Park workers in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia.DesignAn institution-based cross-sectional study...

The Impact Of Post-Competitive Sleeping Hours On The Sleep Quality Of Female Pencak Silat Athletes

This research is motivated by the large number of pencak silat athletes who pay less attention to the quality of their sleep after competing. As a result of these issues, the aim of this study is to find out how the quality of sleep and sleep habits of athletes in the post-competition stage have an impact on the performance and psychology of pencak silat athletes in the future and how important it is for athletes to maintain good sleep quality in order to maintain their post-martial arts achievements competition. This study used a qualitative correlation technique using a PSQI (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) questionnaire distributed via a Google Form. The people who participated in this study were female pencak silat athletes from several areas in West Java from different clubs or universities, for a total of 46 persons who were consequently rejected by 6 people, which resulted in 40 female pencak silat athletes. The technique used for sampling is Non-random sampling is also called probability sampling. Based on the results of the study, it was stated that there was a positive relationship between hours of sleep after competition and the sleep quality of female pencak silat athletes, The results reveal a significance level of &lt;0.05 based on the linear test and single correlation using the SPSS 25 application. The conclusions from this study conclude that the good or bad hours of sleep of athletes after competition can impact their quality of sleep in the next competition.

A Cross-Sectional Study on the Assessment of Sleep Quality and Associated Factors Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Background: Sleep is a fundamental factor associated with chronic illness. Lack of quality sleep and the extent of sleep may affect several aspects of physical, emotional, and cognitive health. Aim and objective: The study aims to assess sleep quality and associated factors in subjects diagnosed with diabetes mellitus using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI). Materials and methods: An eight-month prospective cross-sectional study involving 356 patients with diabetes mellitus was carried out. The patient data collection form was prepared per the study's needs. Patients' responses to questionnaires about their sleep quality, anxiety, depression possibility, and physical activity were recorded. The data were analysed using a statistical tool for the social sciences (SPSS) version 28.0. Results: Among 356 subjects enrolled, 43 (12%) had poor sleep quality, rest of the 313 (88%) patients had good sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was observed between the age group of 51-70 years. When compared to women, men were generally shown to have poor sleep quality. When compared to patients with mild and moderate anxiety, it was observed that most of the subjects with severe anxiety had poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was reported by the majority of patients who tested positive for depression and inadequate physical activity. Conclusion: The study concluded that diabetes mellitus does not significantly affect sleep quality in most patients. However, patients with low physical activity, severe anxiety and depression had poor sleep.

Effects of sleep on brain perivascular space in a cognitively healthy population

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) visible perivascular space (PVS) reportedly clears amyloid-β and metabolic waste during sleep. Previous studies reported an association between sleep and the PVS in small vessel disease, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease. However, this relationship in a healthy cohort is still unclear. Here, we used the Human Connectome Project Aging dataset to analyze the relationship between sleep and the PVS in cognitively healthy adults across the aging continuum. We measured sleep parameters using the self-reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. We found that older adults who had better sleep quality and sleep efficiency presented with a larger PVS volume fraction in the basal ganglia (BG). However, sleep measures were not associated with PVS volume fraction in the centrum semiovale (CSO). In addition, we found that body mass index (BMI) influenced the BG-PVS across middle-aged and older participants. In the entire cognitively healthy cohort, the effect of sleep quality on PVS volume fraction was mediated by BMI. However, BMI did not influence this effect in the older cohort. Furthermore, there are significant differences in PVS volume fraction across racial/ethnic cohorts. In summary, the effect of sleep on the PVS volume alteration was different in the middle-aged adults and older adults.

Post-Illumination Pupil Response and Sleep Quality in Patients With Glaucoma: The LIGHT Study.

This study aimed to investigate whether intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell function evaluated using post-illumination pupil response (PIPR) in patients with glaucoma is associated with sleep quality. This cross-sectional study measured the PIPR in 138 patients with glaucoma (mean age, 70.3 years) using pupil diameter after red and blue light exposure. The net PIPR change was classified into three groups according to tertiles (i.e., low, intermediate, and high groups), with lower net PIPR change indicating lower intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) function. Subjective and objective sleep qualities were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and actigraphy, respectively, with a total PSQI score of ≥6 indicating sleep disturbance. The prevalence of subjective sleep disturbance significantly increased with decreasing tertile groups of net PIPR change (P = 0.036). Subgroup analysis obtained the same results in the severe glaucoma group (P = 0.004) but not in the non-severe glaucoma group. In the severe glaucoma group, multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders showed a higher odds ratio for subjective sleep disturbance in the low-tertile group of net PIPR compared with the high-tertile group (odds ratio = 6.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.76-21.90; P = 0.004). Significant associations between PIPR and objective sleep quality (total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and wake after sleep onset) were found in the severe glaucoma group (P = 0.015, P = 0.013, and P = 0.015, respectively). The PIPR in patients with glaucoma was significantly associated with decreased sleep quality, independent of potential confounders.

Evaluation of quality of life, sleep, and sleepiness in dental students during active learning and remote emergency learning

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL), quality of sleep, and sleepiness index in undergraduate dentistry students between their active learning (AL) and emergency remote learning (ERL) due to social distancing imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Information was collected using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36-BR), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS-BR), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR) questionnaires administered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparison regarding the type of education, demographic factors, academic performance, PSQI-BR, ESS-BR, and SF-36-BR between the groups was performed, considering a significance level of 0.05. Results: A total of 55 students were from AL, while 45 students were from ERL. The sample consisted of 74 women and 26 men aged 21–30 years. The academic coefficient of these students ranged from 7 to 8 points (AL= 38.2% and ERL= 57.8%). In addition, a large proportion of the students reported having no failures (AL=60% and ERL= 66.7%). Regarding QoL, the students presented a greater impairment in functional capacity (p = 0.01), followed by limitations in social aspects, general health perception, body pain, and vitality. According to the ESS-BR scores (p = 0.04), the students presented a lower quality of sleep. Conclusion: Dentistry students had the worst QoL panoramas and poor relative sleep quality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, QoL instruments were reliable for quantifying health-related QoL in AL and ERL.

The Relationship Between Fast Food Consumption, Pocket Money, And Quality Of Sleep With Over Nutrition In Adolescents

Background: Adolescents with obese nutritional status are at risk of experiencing degenerative diseases, which can reduce the quality of life of adolescents. The healthy rate of overweight and obesity is closely related to food intake and lifestyle. Consuming fast food has become a lifestyle for teenagers. This is also influenced by the amount of pocket money, making it easy for teenagers to get fast food. Another lifestyle factor that is related to obesity in adolescents is the quality of sleep. This study aims to determine the relationship between fast food consumption, pocket money, and sleep quality with the incidence of overweight in adolescents at SMA Negeri 1 Telukjambe Timur Karawang. Research Methods: This research was conducted at SMAN 1 Telukjambe Karawang. The respondents were grade 10 and 11 students aged 16-18 years. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a total sample of 103 respondents. The method used is quantitative research with survey techniques utilizing a cross-sectional approach. Data analysis was performed with the chi-square test. The instruments used in this study were the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and the pocket money questionnaire. Research Result: Analysis of statistical test data using spearman rank. The results of the study showed that the majority of respondents aged 16 years were 74 people (71.8%), non-overnutrition were 76 people (73.8%), rarely consumed fast food as many as 59 people (57.3%), sleep quality 76 people (73.8%) have insufficient income, and 74 people (71.8%) have low pocket money. Conclusion: The conclusion in this study is that there is a relationship between the frequency of fast food consumption and the quality of sleep with the incidence of overweight, and there is no relationship between pocket money and the incidence of overweight and the fast food consumption habits of adolescents.