Pink Bollworm Moths Research Articles

Evaluation of gossyplure, compared with hexalure, for monitoring pink bollworm infestations in cotton fields of Israel.

Gossyplure used to bait field traps at a dose of 50 micrograms admixed with 4-16 milligrams of an antioxidant attracted and captured male pink bollworm moths early in the cotton-growing season (early May) in Israel, whereas 20 milligrams of hexalure plus antioxidant was completely inactive under identical conditions. Although gossyplure without antioxidant was inactivated through decomposition within ten days, the mixtures remained attractive for at least two months; the antioxidant also increased moth catches 2.5 fold. Monitoring data obtained with 3000 gossyplure-baited traps, at one trap per 50 dunams, in cotton fields in the Beth-Shann region proved that capture thresholds of 5 moths/trap/night to the end of July and 8 moths/trap/night afterward were completely satisfactory for maintaining a low 2.8% average boll infestation for which only 5.8 insecticidal treatments were required during the entire growing season; results were even better in other areas of the country.

Stereoselective synthesis of the pink bollworm sex pheromone, ( Z, Z)-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetate and its ( Z, E)-isomer

Two components of the sex pheromone of the pink bollworm moth, ( Z, Z)-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetate and its ( Z, E)-isomer, were synthesized employing the Grignard coupling reaction as a key step.

Field Evaluation of Propylure, Hexalure, and Their Formulations with Deet, Dodecyl Acetate, and an Antioxidant as Attractants for Male Pink Bollworm Moths

Abstract In trapping tests conducted in Israel cotton fields, propylure failed to show attractancy to male pink bollworm moths when used alone or in combination with deet, hexalure, antioxidant, or dodecyl acetate. A formulation of hexalure (and antioxidant) containing acetone was at least four times as attractive as one containing four times as much hexalure (and antioxidant) without acetone. Dodecyl acetate inhibited the response to hexalure, whereas linalyl acetate enhanced the response considerably.

Attraction of the male pink bollworm moth under laboratory and field conditions.

Abstract Additional evidence is presented supporting the claim that propylure is attractive to male pink bollworm moths in the laboratory, and that hexalure and a combination of propylure and deet are highly attractive under field conditions.

Trapping Pink Bollworm Moths with Hexalure: Masking Effect of Geometrical and Positional Isomers12

Journal Article Trapping Pink Bollworm Moths with Hexalure: Masking Effect of Geometrical and Positional Isomers Get access Shlomo Neumark, Shlomo Neumark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nathan Green, Nathan Green Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Izhak Teich Izhak Teich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 66, Issue 6, 1 December 1973, Page 1349, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/66.6.1349 Published: 01 December 1973 Article history Received: 08 May 1973 Published: 01 December 1973

Migration and Population Studies of the Pink Bollworm 1 in the Arid West 23

In tests conducted in Riverside County, California, in 1970, overwintered pink bollworm moths, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), migrated at least 35 miles to infest an isolated field of cotton. Then high temperatures during late June and early July drastically reduced the population. However, later migrants during August and September of 1970, and also in 1971, produced sufficient larvae to cause significant damage to the crop

Chemical Trail-Following by Flying Insects: A Mechanism for Orientation to a Distant Odor Source

An aerial trail of odorous pheromone molecules extends downwind from a female pink bollworm moth that is receptive for mating. Males apparently sense the boundaries of the trail during their characteristic zigzag flights across it. Contrary to previous beliefs, the mechanism by which the males steer toward the odor source does not require a sensing of wind direction.

Oil-Soluble Black Dye in Larval Diet Marks Adults and Eggs of Tobacco Budworm and Pink Bollworm1234

Oil Soluble Deep Black BB® dye incorporated in the larval diet of the tobacco budworm. Heliothis virescens (F.). and the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), marked the adults internally. Concentrations from 0.05 to 0.10% premixed with 0.30% cottonseed oil (COS) anti then mixed with the larval diet gave the best internal dull blue tag in the to bacco budworm; also, during the 1st 5 days of oviposition, eggs laid by female tobacco budworms fed 0.1% dye in 0.6% CSO were light blue. Pink bollworm moths were marked distinctly dull blue internally when the larvae were fed diet treated with 0.11% dye premixed in 0.70% COS. However this dye concentration, with or without 0.70% csa . reduced the percentage of female eclosion and overall hardiness. Moths were also marked internally when the larvae were fed diet treated with 0.05–0.08% dye premixed with 0.35% CSO. Also. blue eggs were laid during the 1st 4 days of oviposition by female pink bollworms reared from larvae fed a diet treated with 0.08–0.11% dye premixed with 0.35–0.70% CSO.

Analysis of Hexalure as Related to Its Attractancy to Pink Bollworm Moths12

Attractancy of alkenol acetate insect attractants in the field can be correlated with their content of cis and trans isomers as determined by capillary gas chromatography. An estimate of the percentage trans isomer also can be obtained from the height of the 10.3-μ peak in the infrared spectrum. The trans isomer of hexalure is virtually unattractive to pink boll worm moths, as is a mixture comprising 54% of the trans isomer and 46% of the cis isomer.

A Flight-Cage Actograph for Recording Circadian Periodicity of Pink Bollworm1 Moths2

The activity recording system used to monitor circadian periodicity in pink bollworm moths, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is presented. The actograph provides a permanent record while eliminating the use of light and direct observation for studying nocturnal periodicity. A graphic recorder, preamplifier, and power supply register the output of a vibration-sensitive transducer mounted on an isolated metal cage. Vibrations produced by movements of moths in the cage indicate the overall levels of activity which are associated with specific behavioral events. Response to light, foraging behavior, mating, and relative inactivity are indicated by characteristic patterns. Rhythms produced by 20 moths during a continuous 14-day trial include entrainment, free-run in dark, and subsequent reentrainment. Circadian periodicity was dependent on photoperiodic induction. This system is highly adaptable and may be used with a variety of arthropods.

An Improved Device for Collecting Pink Bollworm Moths for Large-Scale Rearing Programs1

During development of our large-scale rearing program there has been a gradual transition from hand labor to mechanization. Devices have been developed eliminating need for a large labor force and contributing a degree of efficiency not possible with hand labor. During the early stages of the program it was recognized that collection of emerging adults required a technique that would utilize the insects physical responses, i.e. phototactic and geotactic. A device used early in the program was a modification of the 4-gal frozen-food can described by Richmond and Husman (1957), but it proved inadequate as production increased. A cardboard collecting box was then developed that utilized plastic ice cream containers as the trap. Pupae were placed in the cardboard box and when they emerged they were moved into the plastic traps in response to dim overhead incandescent light. This was superior to the frozen-food can but required considerable labor in constructing boxes, cleaning, and decontaminating the reusable plastic traps. Also a considerable loss occurred where moths died inside the cardboard boxes, apparently because they were unable to locate the small exit holes. A device was constructed (Mangum et al. 1969) utilizing a series of cardboard boxes connected by plastic manifold pipes to a central trap. A gentle flow of air was pulled through the pipes and a BL lamp was used to attract the moths into the traps. The device was adequate for large-scale production, but it required use of specially made cardboard boxes. Care had to be taken that the boxes fitted properly, otherwise emerging moths could escape. There was also some mortality inside the boxes. This collection method has now been superseded by a device that eliminates use of cardboard boxes and uses both the phototactic and geotactic responses of the insect.

Larval Diets Containing Dyes for Tagging Pink Bollworm Moths Internally123

Larvae of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) developed on diets containing Calco Oil Red N-1700® dye and produced moths that were visibly dyed throughout their lives. At concentrations of 0.015-0.00% dye (wt/v) in the diet, there were no effects on the rate of development or adult longevity, fecundity, or mating.

Seasonal Influence and Effect of Trap Location on Catches of Pink Bollworm1 Males in Sticky Traps Baited with Hexalure2

In the Imperial Valley of California, traps placed in cotton 1.2 and 1.8 M above the soil surface caught more pink bollworm moths, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), than those placed at 0, 0.6, and 2.7 M above the ground. Traps placed in fallow ground and in sorghum caught fewer moths than those placed on the border or center of cotton fields. However, significantly more moths were caught in traps placed in sorghum fields than in those in fallow ground. In August and September, all moths were caught between 11 Pm and 6 Am, with peak activity between 2 and 3 Am. In late October, all catches occurred between 8 and 11 Pm with peak activity from 9 to 10 Pm.

The Female Sex Pheromone Gland of the Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)1

The female sex pheromone gland of the gelechiid moth Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), the potato tuberworm, is an eversible sac situated dorsally in the intersegmental membrane between the 8th and 9th abdominal segments (Adeeson et al. 1969). The presence of a female sex pheromone in Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) was reported by Flaschentrager et al. (1957); and the source of the pheromone was shown to be in the terminal segments of the abdomen (Berger et al. 1964). When pressure is applied to the abdomen of a female pink bollworm moth, a sac-like structure is everted which is similar in location to the pheromone gland of the potato tuberworm moth.

An efficient total synthesis of propylure, the highly active sex attractant for the pink bollworm moth

The total synthesis of trans-1-acetoxy-10-(n-propyl)trideca-5,9-diene (propylure), a substance which induces highly active sexual response in the male bollworm moth has been accomplished using several novel synthetic methods. The efficiency of the techniques employed are demonstrated by an overall yield of 31 % for the sex attractant.

Circadian Susceptibility of Pink Bollworm Moths to Azinphosmethyl12

Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) moths entrained on a 14:10 light: dark photoperiod showed a circadian susceptibility to topically applied azinphosmethyl. The males were consistently more susceptible than the females. Both sexes were much more susceptible 1 hour after lights-on than at any other time. The males had a 2nd period of susceptibility 2½ hours after lights-out, which period corresponded to the most tolerant period in the females.

Toxicity of Insecticides to Irradiated and Unirradiated Pink Bollworm Moths123

Journal Article Toxicity of Insecticides to Irradiated and Unirradiated Pink Bollworm Moths Get access Dan A. Wolfenbarger, Dan A. Wolfenbarger Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Brownsville, Texas 78520 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. M. Graham H. M. Graham Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Brownsville, Texas 78520 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 63, Issue 5, 1 October 1970, Pages 1692–1693, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/63.5.1692 Published: 01 October 1970 Article history Received: 12 March 1970 Published: 01 October 1970

Short synthesis of the sex pheromone of the pink bollworm moth

Short synthesis of the sex pheromone of the pink bollworm moth

Sex pheromone of the pink bollworm moth: biological masking by its geometrical isomer.

A mixture of the cis and trans forms of propylure (10-propyl-trans-5,9-tridecadienyl acetate), the sex pheromone of the female pink bollworm moth, has been separated into its pure isomers by thin-layer chromatography. The cis isomer inhibits or masks the activity of the trans isomer, as little as 15 percent of the cis isomer being sufficient to completely nullify the activity of the trans isomer.

Synthesis of propylure, sex pherome of Pectinophora gossypiela Saunders

Abstract10‐Propyl‐trans‐trideca‐5, 9‐dien‐1‐yl acetate (propylure), the sex pheromone of the female pink bollworm moth, has been synthesized by an original procedure. The spectroscopic and physiological properties of the material are identical to that of the natural attractant.