Pick-up Machine Research Articles

自走式红枣集条捡拾机的设计与试验

Aiming at the problems of single mechanical performance, multi-person operation and low operation efficiency of air-suction jujube harvesting in China, combined with the requirements of mechanized jujube harvesting in Xinjiang, this study designed a self-propelled jujube collection strip pick-up machine. The machine is mainly composed of crawler chassis, landing jujube collection strip device, separation and impurity removal device and hydraulic system. According to the jujube planting mode, the size of the crawler chassis is 1780 mm × 1650 mm × 310 mm. In order to simulate the effect of artificial collecting strips, a reciprocating collecting strip blowing head was designed with a height of 15 cm from the ground, a horizontal and vertical angle of 35° and 15° respectively. The model of the collecting fan is selected as 9-19-4A; the fluid simulation analysis of the separation and impurity removal box is carried out to verify the rationality of the box structure design. The performance of the picker was tested by pick-up efficiency, cleanliness, breakage, and impurity rates. The results show that when the forward velocity was about 0.40 m·s-1 , the average pick-up efficiency could reach 752.7 km·h-1 , the average pick-up cleanliness rate was 95.66 %, the average breakage rate was 2.68 %, and the average impurity rate was 3.64 %. The self-propelled jujube collection strip pick-up machine designed in this experiment meets the requirements of mechanized harvesting of jujube and can realize single-person remote control operation.

Design of an Integrated Controller for a Sweeping Mechanism of a Low-Dust Almond Pickup Machine.

California is the world's biggest producer and exporter of almonds. Currently, the sweeping of almonds during the harvest creates a significant amount of dust, causing air pollution in the neighboring urban areas. A low-dust sweeping system was designed to reduce the dust during the sweeping of almonds in the orchard. The system includes a feedback control system to control the sweeper brushes' height and their angular velocity by adjusting the forward velocity of the harvester and the brushes' rotational speeds to avoid any extra overlapping sweeping, which increases dust generation. The governing kinematic equations for sweepers' angular velocity and vehicle forward speed were derived. The feedback controllers for synchronizing these speeds were designed to optimize brush/dust contact to minimize dust generation. The sweepers' height controller was also designed to stabilize the gap between the brushes and the orchard floor and track the road trajectory. Controllers were simulated and tuned for a fast response for agricultural applications with less than a second response delay. Results showed that the designed system has acceptable performance and generates low amounts of dust within the acceptable range of California ambient air quality standards.

Design and Parameters Optimization of a Provoke-Suction Type Harvester for Ground Jujube Fruit

Low working efficiency is an important reason for the limited application of the traditional aspirated-air type jujube fruit pickup machine. In this study, a provoke-suction type harvester for ground jujube fruit (PSH) was designed, based on the principle of negative pressure suction after shoveling the jujube fruit mechanically. The main working parameters were analyzed and the structures of the key devices were designed. Then, a three-factor and three-level Box–Behnken method was used to evaluate the performance of the PSH. The results showed that the pickup rate, impurity rate, and working efficiency were 99.36%, 5.63%, and 1672.3 kg∙h−1, respectively; as the forward speed, provoke teeth buried depth, and airflow velocity were 0.21 kg∙h−1, 74 mm, and 26.4 kg∙h−1, respectively. Furthermore, the verification results showed that the pickup rate, impurity rate, and working efficiency were 98.05%, 5.97%, and 1591.2 kg∙h−1, respectively, moreover, the relative errors were 1.32%, 6.04%, and 4.85%, respectively, indicating that the parameter optimization model can accurately predict the test results. The working efficiency of the PSH was significantly improved compared with the traditional aspirated-air type jujube fruit pickup machine. This research can provide a reference for the development of the jujube fruit pickup machine.

Design and Test of Double-pick Double-striped wheel Tooth-type Residual Film Picker

For the wheel-toothed residual film picker on the more serious broken film pick-up effect is not ideal and the problem of picking up the film uneven lysing and designed a double-pick double-striped wheel tooth-type residual film picker. The double-pick double-striped wheel tooth-type residual film picker is composed of hydraulically adjusted double-pick double-pick double-pick pick-up machine shell device, two sets of fork-type residual film picker body and two sets of “Ya” type flexible film removal roller body. The test results show that the efficiency of double-pick edgy wheel tooth-type residual film pick-up machine whole machine scrap film pick-up is 86.5%, which meets the agronomic requirements of the residual film pick-up. At the same time, the hydraulic system adjusts the pick-up machine and the distance of cultivated land, with the arable land-shaped adjustment height, so as to effectively solve the phenomenon of uneven film collecting.

Simulation and Analysis of Noise Control Scheme for Hangzhou Cigarette Factory New Packing Workshop

Based on the noise test data of existing workshop, the noise of new packing workshop was studied. The effection of several noise control scheme was predicted by simulation and analysis method, and the control scheme five was chose finally ,by which average noise reduction was about 4.5dB,and 8h equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level of the pick-up coil station and packaging machine station was 84.9dB and 83.2dB respectively, the working environment of the new workshop was effectively improved, and the investment was estimated.

Passion's re-territorializations: mapping the mixed semiotics of unsafe homo passional assemblages

This paper conducts a mixed semiotics of unsafe homo passional assemblages. It begins with an exposition of Deleuze and Guattari's instructions for mapping the multidimensional circuitry of assemblages along the generative and transformative poles. Unsafe sex is a line of desiring movement involving expressive matter from the pick-up machine. After HIV/AIDS, the pick-up machine's de-territorialised movements have been problematised, their a-semiotic matter becoming a testimony to the limits of the imperative to practice safe sex. These assemblages have been overcoded as being unconscious and ineffable; however, this paper traces their mixed semiotics involving the a-signifying particle-signs of the pick-up machine as well as conscious lines of desiring movement involving the segmentarity and mirror vision of a recognisable social identity as a gay man. In all of these passional assemblages the pick-up machine's nomadic movements have become buckled by a number of sovereign, consuming microfascisms. The lines of movement have reached their threshold limit, weakening their capacity for making new connections for new lines of becoming and creative mutation. Throughout the paper it is argued that the macropolitics of safe sex has failed to grasp the possibilities for new passages that can be drawn from the molecular soup of the pick-up machine and its micropolitics of perception, affection and conversation. It is not necessary to prohibit its lines of movement as new possibilities for homo sexual culture will emerge by drawing on affective potentials drawn from the pick-up machine in conjunction with new affective material.

OPERATIVE PERFORMANCE AND WORK QUALITY OF A HAZELNUT PICK-UP MACHINE

OPERATIVE PERFORMANCE AND WORK QUALITY OF A HAZELNUT PICK-UP MACHINE

Evaluation of a Self-Propelled Citrus Fruit Pick-Up Machine

Mechanical harvesting of citrus is becoming popular due to shortage of labor. A citrus fruit pick-up machine developed by Oxbo International Corp. (Clear Lake, Wis.) was tested for its performance and productivity. The machine was evaluated for its picking rate, picking efficiency, field capacity, and its efficiency for removing undesirable fruit and trash. The performance test was conducted under different ranges of forward speed and grove conditions. The average picking rate was 161, 97, and 94 kg/min for ridge, bed, and swale citrus orchard conditions, respectively. The picking efficiency was 97%, 91%, and 80% for ridge, bed and swale grove conditions, respectively. The average field capacity was about 0.14 ha/h. No major undesired materials were picked up by the pick-up machine during the evaluation test.

Níveis de ruído emitidos por uma recolhedora-trilhadora de feijão

Foram avaliados os níveis de ruído emitido por uma recolhedora-trilhadora de feijão. Empregou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições e esquema de parcelas subdivididas. Utilizaram-se três declividades do terreno (0 a 10; 10 a 20 e 20 a 30%) e três velocidades de operação (2,0; 2,5 e 3,0 km h-1) para compor as parcelas e subparcelas, respectivamente. Os dados foram interpretados pela análise de variância (teste F) e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. Os níveis de ruído determinados ultrapassaram o limite de 85 dBA para oito horas de exposição diária estabelecido pela NR-15. Ocorreu aumento do nível de ruído com o incremento da declividade e com a diminuição da velocidade de trabalho.

Cellular machine layout based on the Segmented Flow Topology

This paper introduces a facility layout design procedure for converting an existing manufacturing system with a predefined aisle structure to a cellular manufacturing system based on the 'segmented flow topology' (SFT) developed by Sinriech and Tanchoco. The proposed procedure is aimed at finding the best machine grouping, along with the locations of pick-up and delivery stations and machine layout for each cell based on an existing facility. The objective is to minimize the total material handling cost. In contrast to previous work in this area, the proposed design procedure takes into account both distance and material flow in forming machine clusters. In addition, a revised cost model for material handling system, which accounts for different aspects of capital and operating cost, is presented.

FIELD TEST RESULTS WITH MECHANICAL HARVESTING EQUIPMENT IN FLORIDA ORANGES

During the 1996-1997 season, mechanical harvesting tests were conducted with a canopy shaker, a trunk shake-catch harvester, and a fruit pickup machine. The canopy shaker, which moved continuously down one side of the tree row canopy, operated at 1.2 to 2.4 km/h. Orange removals ranged from 55% in larger diameter tree canopies to 95% in smaller tree canopies with machine capacities up to 25 t/h. The trunk shake-catch harvester removed 84 to 94% of oranges shaking 5 to 10 s per tree with machine capacities up to 10 t/h. The fruit pickup machine picked up oranges at 15 to 20 t/h at 97% efficiency and caused 3 to 7% split peels from handling.

A Double-Sided Rake-Pickup Machine for Citrus

ABSTRACT A self-propelled rake pickup machine was designed and built to pick up fruit from the ground by making one pass down the center between two tree rows when the fruit was windrowed at the tree drip-line. Rod draper chain was used for pickup and a double belt trash eliminator system was used for separating out the trash. Fruit was loaded directly into a high-lift grove truck towed behind the pickup machine. The average pickup rate and ground speed were 490 kg/min and 0.46 km/h, respectively. Fruit recovery efficiency was 92 percent.

A Direct-Loading, Offset Pickup Machine for Citrus

ABSTRACT A drip-line pickup system was designed to increase fruit-handling capacity and the efficiency of trash and unwholesome fruit separation and to reduce damage. The tractor-drawn pickup machine had a rod draper chain for pickup that allowed some trash to fall through it before reaching the double-belt trash elimina-tor. The pickup machine had a steered rear axle and a sorting conveyor for removing unwholesome fruit before the fruit were loaded directly into a high-lift truck. The average pickup rate and ground speed were 448 kg/min and 1.36 km/h, respectively, and fruit recovery efficiency was 98 percent.

A Melon Pickup Machine for Reducing Onerous Labor

A Melon Pickup Machine for Reducing Onerous Labor

Problems Encountered Using Cycloheximide to Produce Abscission of Oranges1

Abstract Sprays of 3-[2-(3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl)-2hydroxyethyl]-glutarimide (cycloheximide) for abscission of early and midseason oranges loosen fruit, but utilizing this response with a shaker + pickup machine harvest system generally show economic gain only on very large trees. Abscission chemicals (abscisors) lend to overloosen the oranges that are easiest to remove, yet fail to loosen adequately those that are normally most difficult to remove. In Florida, current economic conditions do not justify fruit removal much less than 100%. Fruit drops of up to 80% will probably result if abscisors are used to reduce pull forces of nearly all fruits on a given tree to 2.2 kg, the theoretical level desired for mechanical harvesting.

Design and Performance of an Experimental Citrus Fruit Pick-Up Machine

Design and Performance of an Experimental Citrus Fruit Pick-Up Machine

Design and Performance of an Experimental Citrus Fruit Pick-Up Machine

Design and Performance of an Experimental Citrus Fruit Pick-Up Machine