Polyethylene microplastics alter pH-dependent leaching and toxicity of imidacloprid in soil columns.

Latent attention operator network with augmented representation for complex PDE systems in intricate geometries

Laponite-reinforced marine bioinspired injectable self-healing adhesive chitosan-based hydrogel for infected wounds.

BLISTER functions as a negative regulator of immune responses to Pst DC3000 by manipulating SA-mediate signal pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Co-occurrence bloom of lipophilic toxic-producers in a hotspot Chilean fjord: Fine-scale distribution, toxins and fate in shellfish.

Multiple interactions tailoring nanocellulosic-carbon dots membrane for synergistic, self-cleaning and recyclable interception of heavy metals/dyes pollutants in wastewater.

Sc-CO2 phase transition evolution migration and heat–mass transfer characteristics

Synthesis and characterization of two pyridazine N-aryl derivatives as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl: Electrochemical, surface characterization and theoretical studies

Iron-quercetin complex ameliorates chronic kidney disease via inhibiting the renal TGF-β1/Smad3/Egr1 axis-mediated kidney injury and fibrosis.

Brassica oleracea exhibits remarkable morphological diversity and is cultivated worldwide. We previously showed that dense trichomes in a wild accession (B. incana, C01) confer resistance to insect pests, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we developed a cleaved amplified polymorphic site (CAPS) marker to distinguish sequence variations in BolTRY-l between trichome-rich C01 and glabrous C41. Functional analyses revealed that overexpression of BolTRY-l in the Arabidopsis try mutant and in C01 markedly suppressed trichome initiation, identifying BolTRY-l as a negative regulator. Promoter sequence comparison and activity assays further indicated that divergence in the BolTRY-l promoter underlies the contrasting trichome phenotypes between C01 and C41. Using the HDOCK server, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H), and dual-luciferase reporter (Dual-LUC) assays, we showed that BolMYB34-l directly binds to MYB-binding site (MBS) elements within the BolTRY-l promoter in C01. In addition, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), and luciferase complementation (LCA) assays confirmed a physical interaction between BolMYB34-l and BolTRY-l. Overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analyses further supported that BolMYB34-l functions as an upstream negative regulator of BolTRY-l. Collectively, our findings reveal a novel regulatory module in which the BolMYB34-l-BolTRY-l complex negatively regulates trichome formation in B. oleracea.

As society becomes increasingly data-driven, there is a growing need for tools that foster Data Literacy (DL). Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs), which combine physical interaction with digital data, show promise but remain underexplored in this context. This study aims to synthesize the trends in the use of TUIs to promote DL, focusing on identifying the types of TUIs employed, the target audiences addressed, and the specific DL competencies these interfaces are designed to support. In accordance with the PRISMA, we systematically mapped 57 studies from the literature. Of these, 24 were identified from an initial pool of 1444 records retrieved through automated searches on Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus, while the remaining 33 were obtained through a snowballing approach. Publish or Perish was used to extract data from Google Scholar. The results highlight the potential versatility of TUIs, as all TUI types have been explored across various audience categories and DL competence fields. Moreover, our study highlights both well-established and underexplored pathways for TUI-based DL initiatives, providing valuable insights for future research and the development of new applications and educational methods. Finally, the other specific findings include the identification of prominent TUIs in the DL domain, namely Physicalization and Data Sculptures, Physical Manipulative Objects, and Interactive Surfaces . These TUIs predominantly target Adult and Continuing Education, Tertiary Education, and K-12 Education, addressing both coding and decoding competencies within DL. • TUIs demonstrate versatility in terms of techniques, audience, and DL competence. • The map developed guides DL's pedagogical design and highlights opportunities for innovation. • Current TUI trends highlight Crafted Materials and Tablets, mainly addressing lifelong, bachelor's, and primary learners. • Gaps include early childhood, post-secondary, short-cycle, and postgraduate audiences, and data culture and action skills. • TUIs such as Constructive Assembly, Tabletop, Large Screens, and Smartphones remain underexplored.

ABSTRACTMXenes, a family of two‐dimensional transition metal carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides, have emerged as highly interesting antimicrobial nanomaterials. While mostly Ti‐based MXenes have been explored in this field, our work aims at characterizing and investigating the antibacterial and biocompatibility profiles of two vanadium‐based MXenes (V₂CTₓ and V₄C₃Tₓ) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, two clinically relevant pathobionts. First, the as‐synthesized nanomaterials were chemically and structurally characterized to confirm their morphology and structural integrity. After setting up two distinct experimental models (static and dynamic), the antibacterial activity was evaluated by colony‐forming units (CFUs) counting and scansion electron microscopy (SEM). Cellular cytotoxicity was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and crystal violet characterization (CV). To further evaluate the MXenes' properties, the antimicrobial activity was tested in in‐vitro infection models using both epithelial (Caco‐2) and macrophage (J774) cells measuring CFUs. To assess the oxidative stress contributing to MXenes' antibacterial activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was valued in infected cells after treatment. V₂CTₓ and V₄C₃Tₓ showed an antibacterial activity concentration and condition dependent. The dynamic incubation improved the bacterial reduction, supporting a “nano‐knife” mechanism linked to the physical disruption of the membrane. Finally, V₂CTₓ and V₄C₃Tₓ significantly reduced the intracellular bacterial burden in infected Caco‐2 epithelial cells in comparison with macrophages. Importantly, MXenes' treatment did not result in marked ROS stimulation, suggesting that their antibacterial activity mainly arose from physical interactions. Our findings highlight that vanadium‐based MXenes have good biocompatibility and are moderately effective antimicrobial nanomaterials, emphasizing the need to use commonly recognized and standardized experimental models to elucidate their potential antimicrobial applications.

Successful goal-directed movements depend on the central nervous system's (CNS) ability to handle diverse physical interactions. The CNS is thought to handle different dynamical contexts through three mechanisms: (i) trial-by-trial adaptation when forces are predictable, (ii) a model-free robust control strategy, and (iii) online adaptation of feedback responses. While each has been studied independently, their relative contributions and the possibility that they are recruited to different extents across contexts is unknown. Here, we quantified all three strategies within the same individuals to examine how CNS exploits them under varying environmental conditions. Participants (19 female, 15 male) performed reaching tasks while interacting with robot-generated force-fields that were either consistent or varied unpredictably. Trial-by-trial adaptation was measured using standard force channels to isolate anticipatory compensation. Robust control was assessed through movement velocity and corrective force magnitude. Online adaptive control was quantified by the temporal alignment between commanded and measured forces within a movement. Results showed that participants improved anticipatory compensation in consistent environments and relied on both robust and online adaptation when perturbations were unpredictable. Crucially, markers of robust control dominated the early movement phase, whereas online adaptation dominated later corrections. This temporal dissociation was confirmed by electromyographic recordings. Markers of robust and online adaptive feedback strategies also statistically predicted participants' ability to adapt across trials in consistent environments, revealing a common trait linking online control and adaptation. These findings reveal a rich and flexible combination of control mechanisms, offering a new framework for understanding the neurophysiological bases of reaching control.Significance Statement Human reaching control is a complex behavior resulting from several mechanisms that orchestrate feedback responses to mechanical perturbations and adaptation to changes in the environment. Here we combine previously studied paradigms to highlight within the same groups of healthy volunteers that three major components are recruited to different extents dependent on the context: unpredictable environment promote concomitant use of robust control and online adaptation whereas predictable environments recruit standard adaptation based on anticipatory compensation. Remarkably, individuals' adaptive capabilities correlated across consistent and inconsistent environments, suggesting a key involvement of adaptive mechanisms in both online control and trial-by-trial adaptation. Robust control, online adaptation, and anticipatory compensation are dissociable behaviorally, and are used to varying levels as a result of individual traits.

Disrupting the physical interaction between serotonin transporter and soluble guanylate cyclase produces a fast-acting antidepressant activity.

The protective effect of Lcn2 activation on salivary gland injury in sialadenitis.

Overexpression of GJB1-13k induces mitochondrial calcium overload and triggers apoptosis and GSDME-mediated pyroptosis in cervical cancer.

BACKGROUNDImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the programmed cell death 1 axis have revolutionized metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) treatment. However, disease progression remains a concern, and the role of the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) in treatment failure is not fully understood.METHODSIn this biomarker study involving 103 patients with mNSCLC, including 81 patients who received ICI treatment, we evaluated the association between heterogeneous immune cell subsets and ICI efficacy through single-cell spatial profiling of pretreatment tumor tissue, using a 29-marker multiplex IHC platform built for in-depth dissection of the TME.RESULTSAmong various types of intratumoral lymphocytes, including Th1, Treg, and NK cells, only CD8+ T cells (tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes [TILs]) were associated with ICI efficacy. Computational tissue segmentation underscored the importance of direct physical interactions between CD8+ TILs and cancer cells for ICI efficacy. TIL phenotyping identified CD39/CD103/Ki-67 positivity as a hallmark of exhausted yet functional tumor-reactive CD8+ TILs. Immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts were independent unfavorable adversaries. High CD73 expression on cancer cells was suggested to confer tolerance to ICI in EGFR/ALK-oncogene+ NSCLC, potentially through M2-TAM accumulation and aberrant angiogenesis.CONCLUSIONOur study delineates the clinical relevance of heterogeneous immune cell subsets in ICI-treated mNSCLC, aiding the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.FUNDINGOsaka Cancer Society, KANAE Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science, SGH Foundation, and YOKOYAMA Foundation for Clinical Pharmacology.

ABSTRACT This paper foregrounds the often-neglected role of corporeality in understanding the intersection between professionalism and gender in Early Childhood Education. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 32 male educators from Brazil and Italy and employing a hermeneutic approach, the study explores how these professionals perceive and articulate their embodied experiences and pedagogical practices. By emphasizing gender as an indelible thread in the fabric of professional identity, the analysis reveals distinctive dynamics within their practice, including nuanced conflict management, the use of humor, and a strong presence of physical and playful interaction. These aspects appear to constitute key ways through which men establish their professional legitimacy. The findings highlight the body as the primary medium through which performances of professional identity and gender are enacted and intersect, shaping perceptions of competence while being influenced by the various allowances and constraints experienced by male practitioners throughout their lives. Moreover, these insights may foster greater awareness of the role of the body in this profession, moving beyond representations that confine male and female gestures to fixed traits, and contributing to a less constrained experience for educators of any gender identity and, ultimately, for the children in their care.

VPS35 promotes tumor proliferation and migration through the PPARs-ACSL1/4 pathway in lung adenocarcinoma.

A fungal pathobiont promotes Streptococcus vaginal persistence and pathogenesis through physical and metabolic interactions.