Physical Integrity Research Articles

Tailored Zr bio-MOF structures for CO2 adsorption: A comparative study of binderless pelletization and chitosan-based extrusion.

What entities deserve moral rights? Although this question has been of long-standing interest to ethics and social theory, it has resurfaced in a particularly pronounced way with artificial intelligence (AI). Using original survey data from a convenience sample and a large-scale random sample of Switzerland, we compare two explanations for the willingness to grant moral rights to AI. The ontological view refers to perceived human-like properties of AI, such as sentience (i.e., what AI is). The social impact view refers to the social-relational meaning of AI in terms of its impact on humans and trust (i.e., what AI does). The findings corroborate both views. Support for the general idea of AI rights and a political referendum granting basic rights to AI are positively correlated with the perceived ontological proximity of AI to humans, expected benefits of AI for society, and trust in AI developers. A right to life and physical integrity rests on perceived ontological properties only. Ontological distance of AI to simple computer programs, expected costs of AI, and trust in the state play a minor or no role. Sociological perspectives on an entity’s social-relational meaning are hence indispensable to explain the social construction of moral rights for AI.

Utilization of by-products from food and vegetable processing has gained immense importance in recent times since the addition of their extracts into biopolymers yields active films. The added advantages include abundance, cost-effectiveness, functionality, and their environmentally friendly nature. In the present work, active food packaging materials were developed by incorporating onion peel extract (OPE) in starch-polyvinyl alcohol-montmorillonite (starch-PVA-MMT) biopolymer films. The physicochemical, mechanical, thermal, surface, and antioxidant properties of the films were analyzed. The physical integrity of the starch-PVA-MMT films was conserved even after the addition of OPE. Cooperative interactions between the polymer matrix and OPE were revealed via FTIR and XRD analysis. OPE also conferred UV barrier attributes to the transparent starch-PVA-MMT films. After incorporation of OPE, while the elongation at break of the films increased by ∼16.85%, tensile strength reduced by 12.43%. FE-SEM studies revealed significant alteration in the surface of the films; the roughness of the film increased notably and confirmed the interactions between the OPE and the polymer matrix. This also led to an increase in the contact angle of the films. Further, OPE induced significant antioxidant properties in the films, amounting to ∼97% in comparison to 0% for the control film. Additionally, OPE showed a profound effect on the biodegradability of the starch-PVA-MMT films. The films were used for packing coriander. Results revealed increased shelf life of coriander in terms of retaining moisture and color in comparison to unpacked material and commercial film of LDPE. Practical Application: Antioxidant films of starch blends incorporated with onion peel extract (OPE) have been investigated as a potential innovation for sustainable packaging in the food industry. These films could be effectively used for reducing oxidative changes and microbial spoilage of perishable items such as coriander leaves. Films with two different concentrations of OPE (1.5 and 3mL), i.e., 1.5 OPE and 3.0 OPE, were chosen for packaging as their overall properties were found to be superior. After biodegradation, the highest weight loss was observed for 4.5 OPE films, an increase of 33.33% in comparison to the control film. Moreover, their eco-friendly and degradable nature aligns with the rising consumer demand for sustainable packaging.

The current study aimed to optimize and evaluate bi-layered tablets of Divalproex Sodium designed for improved therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and migraine. The formulation combined an immediate release (IR) layer with a sustained release (SR) layer to ensure rapid onset and prolonged action. Compatibility studies confirmed no significant interaction between the drug and excipients. Evaluation of pre- and post-compression parameters including hardness, friability, drug content, and in vitro dissolution studies demonstrated desirable characteristics. The IR layer achieved 97.31% drug release within 30 minutes, while the SR layer sustained release up to 96.34% over 960 minutes. Stability studies over 56 days confirmed the physical and chemical integrity of the formulation. These findings support the feasibility of bi-layered tablets of Divalproex Sodium as an effective delivery system for managing neurological disorders.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore non-disabled students' perceptions of inclusive education and their support needs for achieving inclusive education. Method: Using the qualitative meta-summary method, 10 studies were selected as the analysis targets to align with the research purpose. Based on the selected studies, 27 summary statements were derived, and the frequency effect sizes and intensity effect sizes for each statement were calculated. Results: The findings are as follows: First, the analysis of non-disabled students' perceptions revealed diverse perspectives across the dimensions of physical, social, and curricular integration, with the most condensed statements emerging in the dimension of social integration. Second, the support needs for inclusive education for all were identified across various levels, including teachers, students, institutional and infrastructural aspects, and community involvement, with the majority of condensed statements focused on the student level. Conclusion: Based on findings, the key discussions include: (1) the need to recognize non-disabled students as key stakeholders in inclusive education and to understand their perceptions and needs, and (2) the necessity of institutional improvements and support for teachers to ensure the success of inclusive education.

This study aims to examine the interaction between ethical principles and site management approaches in the context of archaeological tourism, evaluating their practical application. The concept of archaeological tourism is considered from a multidimensional perspective within the framework of site management and ethical principles. Archaeological tourism is considered a holistic field, not limited to visiting archaeological remains, but also requiring planning in line with the protection of archaeological heritage, the participation of local people, and conservation principles. As well as protecting the physical integrity of archaeological sites, site management involves responsibilities such as ensuring a high-quality visitor experience, interacting with local communities, and maintaining cultural continuity. In this context, the ethical principles of consent, respect, and mutual accommodation provide a framework for planning, implementing, and delivering archaeological tourism. Furthermore, ethical risks such as the commercialisation of heritage, singular narratives in cultural representation and the exclusion of local communities require careful consideration in site management strategies. This conceptually based approach is complemented by a historical evolution of archaeological tourism from Antiquity to the present day. Thus, archaeological tourism is presented not merely as an activity that traces the remnants of the past, but also as a field that must be restructured in light of contemporary ethical and managerial principles. This study has revealed that archaeological tourism is not just an activity that exhibits the past; it is also a multi-layered field that needs to be redefined in line with ethical responsibilities and site management principles.

The crystallization of soluble salts is one of the most significant agents of deterioration affecting porous building materials in historical architecture. This process not only compromises the physical integrity of the materials but also results in considerable aesthetic, structural, and economic consequences. Soluble salts involved in these processes may originate from geogenic sources—including soil leachate, marine aerosols, and the natural weathering of parent rocks—or from anthropogenic factors such as air pollution, wastewater infiltration, and the use of incompatible restoration materials. This study examines the role of capillary rise as a primary mechanism responsible for the vertical migration of saline solutions from the soil profile into historic masonry structures, especially those constructed with calcareous stones. It describes how water retained or sustained within the soil matrix ascends via capillarity, carrying dissolved salts that eventually crystallize within the pore network of the stone. This phenomenon leads to a variety of damage types, ranging from superficial staining and efflorescence to more severe forms such as subflorescence, microfracturing, and progressive mass loss. By adopting a multidisciplinary approach that integrates concepts and methods from soil physics, hydrology, petrophysics, and conservation science, this paper examines the mechanisms that govern saline water movement, salt precipitation patterns, and their cumulative effects on stone durability. It highlights the influence of key variables such as soil texture and structure, matric potential, hydraulic conductivity, climatic conditions, and stone porosity on the severity and progression of deterioration. This paper also addresses regional considerations by focusing on the context of Spain, which holds one of the highest concentrations of World Heritage Sites globally and where many monuments are constructed from vulnerable calcareous materials such as fossiliferous calcarenites and marly limestones. Special attention is given to the types of salts most commonly encountered in Spanish soils—particularly chlorides and sulfates—and their thermodynamic behavior under fluctuating environmental conditions. Ultimately, this study underscores the pressing need for integrated, preventive conservation strategies. These include the implementation of drainage systems, capillary barriers, and the use of compatible materials in restoration, as well as the application of non-destructive diagnostic techniques such as electrical resistivity tomography and hyperspectral imaging. Understanding the interplay between soil moisture dynamics, salt crystallization, and material degradation is essential for safeguarding the cultural and structural value of historic buildings in the face of ongoing environmental challenges and climate variability.

Copositive matrices and copositive polynomials are objects from optimization. We connect these to the geometry of Feynman integrals in physics. The integral is guaranteed to converge if its kinematic parameters lie in the copositive cone. Pólya’s method makes this manifest. We study the copositive cone for the second Symanzik polynomial of any Feynman graph. Its algebraic boundary is described by Landau discriminants.

Abstract Corncob residue is one of the most promising agro‐residues for thermochemical applications due to its high heating value (17.21 MJ kg−1), low ash content (3.70%), low sulfur content (0.11%), and strong physical integrity compared with other residues such as paddy straw, wheat straw, and mustard stalk. This study evaluates the technical and preliminary economic feasibility of utilizing corncob residue for thermochemical conversion, focusing on gasification and combustion. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis revealed the presence of hydroxyl (OH), aliphatic (CHn), and carbonyl (CO) functional groups, characteristic of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin structures. Ion chromatography showed the presence of a high chloride concentration (9786 mg kg−1), a lower sulfate concentration (48 mg kg−1), and a nitrate/nitrite concentration below 1000 mg k‐g. Kinetic modeling using the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS), Starink, and Friedman models estimated average activation energies of 111.31 kJ mol−1 for the FWO model, 108.16 kJ mol−1 for the KAS model, 108.08 kJ mol−1 for the Starink model, and 114.64 kJ mol−1 for the Friedman model. A conceptual biomass gasification process modeled in ASPEN Plus demonstrated that operating optimum conditions, i.e., at 0.2 equivalence ratio (ER) and 750 °C, produced syngas with CO (29.68 vol%), CH4 (0.19 vol%), and H2 (26.66 vol%), with a lower heating value of 6.69 MJNm−3. Economic assessment showed lower production costs in Andhra Pradesh with INR 5.65 kWh‐1 for gasification and INR 6.03/kWh for combustion. This study highlights the potential of corncob residue for efficient gasification and combustion in sustainable energy production.

The present work intends to discuss the omissive responsibility of the entrepreneur holding the position of guarantor resulting from a harmful result or danger to the health, physical integrity or life of the consumer, for the manufacture or commercialization of inappropriate products. Due to the new social relationships developed in the risk society, danger and collective protection are relevant, both in terms of consumer law and in criminal law. Often, in order to provide an answer to the crimes that occurred in this sphere, a relaxation of the rules of subjective imputation occurs. However, even in the business environment, limits must be established. For this, some cases were analyzed in which there was damage to the consumer in which there was due liability, others in which no one was held criminally responsible and, finally, cases in which the liability was made in violation of the fundamental guarantees of the subject. Key words: product liability; improper omission crimes; supplier; consumer; guarantor.

The objective of this study was to analyze the concepts and methodology involved in the protection of dignitaries, as developed by the Military House of the Governorship of Paraná. The methodology adopted was exploratory and descriptive, with a qualitative approach based on bibliographic research to develop a literature review and support the procedures inherent to close protection of authorities. Presenting technical bibliographic references, this article demonstrates the depth of the security activities carried out by the Military House of Paraná (CM-PR). This institution is responsible for protecting governors, vice-governors, their families, and other state authorities, operating under strict protocols aimed at ensuring both the physical and symbolic integrity of these institutional figures. The research begins by identifying the complexity related to the standardization and continuous training of security agents working in this field, especially in the face of a contemporary scenario marked by political instability, hybrid threats, and increasing operational challenges. The goal is to understand how the proper application of techniques and regulations contributes to the effectiveness of dignitary protection. The results of this study showed that the protection of authorities aims to prevent, mitigate, or neutralize hostile actions targeting authorities and physical facilities under the responsibility of CM-PR. These security measures must be frequently updated to adapt to current realities and, most importantly, to the profile of the authority being protected.

This study addresses the problem of locating urban green spaces. Public health policies encompass a set of activities aimed at protecting individuals’ physical integrity and well-being, where prevention plays a critical role at both individual and collective levels. Having green spaces in urban areas is essential for providing mental relaxation, stimulating social cohesion and supporting physical activity. However, deciding where to place these green spaces is challenging, as various types of information must be considered, and the impact of such decisions needs thorough evaluation and visualization. To tackle this issue, we propose a methodology that combines mathematical programming with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). GIS tools are crucial for capturing and incorporating real-world data, which supports the mathematical model and helps visualize solutions. Our proposed multi-objective model aims to maximize coverage and equity. We demonstrate the application of this methodology with a case study focused on Valencia, Spain, where 20 potential locations were identified, and five were selected.

Predictive maintenance (PdM) is quickly revolutionizing the industrial processes, which is moving from time-based reactive technology to data-driven proactive technology in a very short period. Bearings in electric motors are important components used in a wide variety of industrial operations. Such components are prone to premature failure, loss of revenue because of downtime, and repair. The Remaining Useful Life (RUL) estimation of the bearings in electric motor is important because such a prediction assists in reducing equipment downtime, extending equipment life, and minimizing maintenance cost. Conventional methods of PdM employ machine learning (ML) models which are trained from historical data and, being black boxes, lack the physical intelligibility and robustness for the prediction of RUL, under varying operating conditions. This limitation is because only data-driven models are used and it is hard to extract the physical mechanisms of bearing damage. In this work, a systematic study on hybrid predictive maintenance frameworks for electric motor bearings is presented, which incorporates both ML and physics-based models looking to address the mentioned challenges and improve the reliability of RUL predictions. A key aspect to improve the reliability and effectiveness of predictive maintenance strategies is the precise estimation of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) for industrial bearings. (Jiang et al., 2022; Hu et al., 2023) mentioned the NASA bearing dataset they used in the study, and a number of advanced pre-processing techniques are used, such as the statistical features (Root-Mean-Square (RMS), Peak Frequency, Kurtosis, Crest Factor), and Archard wear model as a physics-guided degradation metric [1, 2]. A Bidirectional LSTM model is trained with optimal sequence lengths for learning long-term dependencies on sensor signals, and the model is evaluated using Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and R-squared (R²) score. Comparisons between purely data-driven models and physics-guided counterpart demonstrate better accuracy and robustness. The results indicated that the inclusion of the wear-related degradation characteristics based on Archard improved remarkably the predictive model, and the R² values are greater than 0.67, the lowest MAE is 3.96. (Wang et al., 2017; Xue et al., 2022) went on to add, trends-based features as well as correlation matrices were used to confirm that the selected inputs were reliable, strengthening the interpretability of the models and reducing those overfitting risks [3, 4]. This paper makes a novel contribution to the study of integrated applications of physics-based AI models in predictive maintenance systems in challenging environments such as industrial automation in Zimbabwe,(Liu and Zhang, 2020) proving that the integration of physics and AI can yield scalable, explainable and high-performing predictive maintenance systems [5].

This study examines, within the broader context of historical and cultural influences from Byzantine and Western canonical traditions, the canonical and theological treatment of physical disabilities as impediments to the priesthood within modern Orthodox Canon Law. It shows how traditional Orthodox Canon Law, particularly influenced by medieval Roman Catholic canonical understanding, has historically emphasised physical integrity as a requirement for ordination. The study critically examines historical and contemporary canonical attitudes towards candidates with hearing, speech, or visual impairments or with locomotor disability through the analysis of Apostolic canons, Canons of Ecumenical Councils, and later canonical sources. The methods include a critical canonical and historical analysis of primary sources such as the Canons, patristic writings, and synodal legislation, with particular reference to the initiatives of the Romanian Orthodox Church in the modern cultural and pastoral context. The study observes that, although such impairments continue to be recognised as canonical impediments according to traditional Orthodox law, contemporary ecclesial practice increasingly reflects a pastoral sensitivity that allows, in certain contexts, for the inclusion of persons with disabilities in ordained ministry. This is typically achieved through adaptations that preserve the integrity of liturgical function, such as assistance from co-ministers or specialised training. These developments, while not amounting to a formal canonical revision, signal a broader pastoral and ecclesiological openness toward the integration of persons with disabilities within the life of the Church.

Radiotherapy (RT) has undergone transformative advancements since its inception over a century ago. This review highlights the most promising and impactful innovations shaping the current and future landscape of RT. Key technological advances include adaptive radiotherapy (ART), which tailors treatment to daily anatomical changes using integrated imaging and artificial intelligence (AI), and advanced image guidance systems, such as MR-LINACs, PET-LINACs, and surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT), which enhance targeting precision and minimize collateral damage. AI and data science further support RT through automation, improved segmentation, dose prediction, and treatment planning. Emerging biological and targeted therapies, including boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), radioimmunotherapy, and theranostics, represent the convergence of molecular targeting and radiotherapy, offering personalized treatment strategies. Particle therapies, notably proton and heavy ion RT, exploit the Bragg peak for precise tumor targeting while reducing normal tissue exposure. FLASH RT, delivering ultra-high dose rates, demonstrates promise in sparing normal tissue while maintaining tumor control, though clinical validation is ongoing. Spatially fractionated RT (SFRT), stereotactic techniques and brachytherapy are evolving to treat challenging tumor types with enhanced conformality and efficacy. Innovations such as 3D printing, Auger therapy, and hyperthermia are also contributing to individualized and site-specific solutions. Across these modalities, the integration of imaging, AI, and novel physics and biology-driven approaches is redefining the possibilities of cancer treatment. This review underscores the multidisciplinary and translational nature of modern RT, where physics, engineering, biology, and informatics intersect to improve patient outcomes. While many approaches are in various stages of clinical adoption and investigation, their collective impact promises to redefine the therapeutic boundaries of radiation oncology in the coming decade.

Abstract Background: Breast reconstruction surgery is crucial for restoring physical integrity and self-image in women post-mastectomy. However, there is limited data from China comparing the effects of different surgical approaches on patient satisfaction. This study aims to evaluate patient-reported aesthetic outcomes following various breast reconstruction techniques in China and to explore the factors associated with patient-reported aesthetic outcomes. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including female patients who underwent mastectomy followed by breast reconstruction at Hubei Cancer Hospital between January 2019 and April 2024. Exclusion criteria were bilateral reconstructions, simple nipple-areola complex reconstructions, breast-conserving procedures, and missing critical data. Surgical data were extracted from the Hospital Information System. Patient-reported outcome measures, including the Breast-Q Breast Cancer Core Scale V2.0 (three dimensions: satisfaction with breasts, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being), the five-dimension, five-level EuroQol health questionnaire, and the Decision Regret Scale, were collected through outpatient reviews and telephonic follow-ups with an Online Questionnaire. Surgery complications were also recorded. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify independent predictors of satisfaction with breasts and psychosocial well-being scores. Results: The study included 167 patients. The surgical techniques used were lateral chest wall incision (n=21), radial incision (n=69), inframammary fold incision (n=49), endoscopic-assisted surgery (n=14), and other incisions (n=14) which included periareolar incision (n=7), dual incision (n=5), irregular incision (n=1), and L-shaped incision (n=1). The median age was 40 years (IQR: 34-47), with significant age distribution differences among groups (p=0.048). Significant differences were also noted between groups in surgical approach (p=0.034), use of acellular dermal matrix or grafts (p=0.031), implant placement plane (p<0.001), type of implant (p=0.001), and total surgical cost (p=0.049). The psychosocial well-being scores significantly differed among groups (p=0.028), with the highest median score in the other incision group (96.5, IQR 69.5-100) and the second highest median score in the endoscopic-assisted surgery group (81.50, IQR 62.00-100.00). Multivariate analysis revealed that reduced postoperative bra cup size was negatively associated with satisfaction with breasts (β=-12.559; 95% CI: -19.674, -5.443; p=0.001). Age 35-50 (β=9.654; 95% CI: 2.803, 16.506; p=0.006) and over 50 (β=11.413; 95% CI: 2.364, 20.462; p=0.014) were positively associated with psychosocial well-being. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) negatively impacted psychosocial well-being (β=-14.454; 95% CI: -26.591, -2.318; p=0.02). Other incision types significantly improved psychosocial well-being (β=17.482; 95% CI: 4.123, 30.841; p=0.011), while endoscopic-assisted surgery showed a trend toward improvement (β=12.822; 95% CI: -0.412, 26.056; p=0.057). Postoperative complications were reported in 22 patients (13.2%), with 2 (9.5%) from the lateral chest wall incision group, 14 (20.3%) from the radial incision group, 5 (10.2%) from the inframammary fold incision group, and 1 (7.1%) from the other incision group. Conclusion: Traditional incision techniques, such as radial and inframammary fold incisions, remain prevalent in China, though minimally invasive approaches show promising trends for better patient-reported aesthetic outcomes, the application would still need to be further promoted. Factors such as age, reduced bra cup size, SLNB, and incision type influence patient-reported aesthetic outcomes. Citation Format: Hongmei Zheng, Yuhang Song, Lingzi Wang, Xinhong Wu. Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Various Breast Reconstruction Techniques: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2024; 2024 Dec 10-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2025;31(12 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-07-03.

Cyber ranges have become essential platforms for realistic cybersecurity training, research, and development. Existing taxonomies often describe the functional aspects of cyber ranges—scenario design, team configurations, and evaluation metrics— focusing less on the underlying technologies that enable modern training. In this paper, we highlight the current trends and persistent gaps in the existing literature and propose a taxonomy that decouples functional capabilities from the enabling infrastructure, adding a dedicated Technology dimension. We derived and refined this taxonomy through an iterative literature mapping process, culminating in a proposed taxonomy that highlights key emerging trends such as cyber–physical integration, federation across multiple sites, and AI-driven orchestration. Key findings include the identification of clear convergences and divergences in existing taxonomies and concrete recommendations for future research directions, such as integrating socio-technical considerations and conducting systematic empirical validation. Our framework aims to guide researchers, developers, and practitioners in designing, implementing, and comparing cyber range solutions. An online Taxonomy Mapping Toolkit is developed to allow the cyber ranges research community to take advantage of the proposed taxonomy and build upon it as new advancements emerge.

ObjectiveThe childbirth experience can be traumatic for women, with negative repercussions on their mental health, mother-child bonding, and subsequent infant development. The aim of this study is to analyze the negative birth experience, through indicators of obstetric violence (OV), as a risk factor for the development of Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress (P-PTS) in early postpartum. Additionally, we seek to explore the buffering impact of other variables on the development of P-PTS symptomatology.MethodsA total of 236 postpartum women were surveyed online, between the fourth and sixth week postpartum, assessing thirteen indicators of OV using the Questionnaire on Birth Conditions. We also utilized the Post-traumatic Stress Symptom Checklist and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, alongside collecting sociodemographic, pregnancy and delivery conditions. Mean differences, correlations, and regression analyses were performed.ResultsWomen exposed to OV have a higher risk of developing P-PTS symptoms. Increased risk was noted in those exposed to staff’s ironic comments, undergoing medical procedures without prior information, or those who were made to feel guilty for childbirth outcomes. Moreover, early postpartum skin-to-skin contact and perceived social support from friends and family served as protective factors against P-PTSS development.ConclusionsPostpartum traumatization may not solely stem from threats to physical integrity or survival but also from experiences of inferiority, inadequacy, loss of dignity, or dehumanizing treatment. These findings underline the necessity for healthcare professionals to enhance the quality of care during childbirth, to maximize immediate skin-to-skin contact, and been aware and actively seeking social support for women.

The childbirth experience can be traumatic for women, with negative repercussions on their mental health, mother-child bonding, and subsequent infant development. The aim of this study is to analyze the negative birth experience, through indicators of obstetric violence (OV), as a risk factor for the development of Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress (P-PTS) in early postpartum. Additionally, we seek to explore the buffering impact of other variables on the development of P-PTS symptomatology. A total of 236 postpartum women were surveyed online, between the fourth and sixth week postpartum, assessing thirteen indicators of OV using the Questionnaire on Birth Conditions. We also utilized the Post-traumatic Stress Symptom Checklist and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, alongside collecting sociodemographic, pregnancy and delivery conditions. Mean differences, correlations, and regression analyses were performed. Women exposed to OV have a higher risk of developing P-PTS symptoms. Increased risk was noted in those exposed to staff's ironic comments, undergoing medical procedures without prior information, or those who were made to feel guilty for childbirth outcomes. Moreover, early postpartum skin-to-skin contact and perceived social support from friends and family served as protective factors against P-PTSS development. Postpartum traumatization may not solely stem from threats to physical integrity or survival but also from experiences of inferiority, inadequacy, loss of dignity, or dehumanizing treatment. These findings underline the necessity for healthcare professionals to enhance the quality of care during childbirth, to maximize immediate skin-to-skin contact, and been aware and actively seeking social support for women.

Fiber-optic bolometers (FOBs) designed for plasma radiation measurement in magnetically confined fusion environments have been previously developed and tested at the DIII-D tokamak. These FOBs utilize a silicon Fabry-Perot interferometer at the fiber tip for temperature measurement and a gold disk as a radiation absorber. This paper presents recent advancements in the development of FOBs with reduced cooling time constants and enhanced temperature tolerance. We also demonstrate high-temperature operation and report findings from irradiation tests. By incorporating a copper sensor holder as a thermal sink and integrating two closely packed sensor heads into a compact design, the cooling time constants were reduced to ∼100ms in vacuum, while minimizing uncertainties caused by temperature gradients. The FOBs were subjected to heating at 400 °C for five hours, with no observed degradation in noise performance post-heating. High-temperature operation tests were conducted at ∼220 °C using a 404nm square-wave modulated laser to simulate the plasma radiation. In addition, four FOBs constructed from copper-coated pure-silica fibers were fabricated and underwent irradiation testing, enduring a total γ-radiation dose of 15.2 MGy and a neutron fluence of 1.6 × 1018 n/cm2. The FOBs maintained their physical integrity and the optical signal shows high visibility throughout the test.