This study examined Asian and Latino immigrants' recent exclusionary experiences with immigration policy, such as knowing someone deported, being racially profiled, or being denied health insurance, and their relationship with health care access and health status. The 2018-2020 Research on Immigrant Health and State Policy survey asked adult Asian and Latino immigrants (N = 2,010, Asian n = 1,004, Latino n = 1,006) if they had experienced any of sixteen immigration policy exclusions ever and in the last 12 months. Regression models tested relationships between the number of exclusionary experiences and mental and physical health outcomes for all respondents and only respondents with any lifetime exclusionary experience. Each additional recent exclusionary experience was associated with 40% higher odds of delaying care, 21% lower odds of better self-rated health, and 24% higher odds of mental illness. Results held when limiting the sample to only respondents with any lifetime exclusionary experience. Recent exclusionary experiences with immigration policy likely have immediate consequences for health care access and health status. Findings underscore the need for early intervention to reduce the impact of immigration policy exclusions.

Exercising with others has been shown to yield mental health benefits, particularly among older adults. However, evidence regarding physical health outcomes and younger populations in Japan remains limited. This study aimed to examine whether exercising with others is associated with better physical and subjective health among Japanese adults and to assess the mediating roles of social interaction and exercise habits. This study analysed cross-sectional data from 28,680 Japanese adults (mean age = 50.2years) who participated in the 2022 nationwide sports participation survey. Participants were classified into four groups: non-exercising, exercising alone, exercising with others, and mixed-type (both alone and with others). Logistic regression was used to assess associations between exercise arrangement and health outcomes including underweight (body mass index < 18.5kg/m2), obesity (body mass index ≥ 25kg/m2), and subjective health, adjusting for demographic variables. Mediation analyses evaluated indirect effects via social interaction and exercise habits. Compared with exercising alone, exercising with others was associated with lower odds of being underweight and higher odds of reporting good subjective health. Similar trends were observed for mixed-type exercisers. No significant association was found with obesity. Mediation analyses revealed small but significant indirect effects on subjective health through social interaction, while direct effects remained substantial. Exercising with others is linked to improved subjective health and lower odds of being underweight among Japanese adults, partially mediated by social and behavioural factors. Facilitating opportunities for group-based exercise may be relevant for health promotion in Japan and should be evaluated in longitudinal and intervention studies.

Introduction: Traditional food plays a vital role in the health and cultural identity of Indigenous populations worldwide. However, little is known about whether the traditional food of the Sámi (the only Indigenous people in the European Union) is associated with positive physical and mental health outcomes. This study examines the relationship between the consumption of traditional Sámi food - specifically reindeer and elk meat - and self-perceived physical and mental health among older Sámi adults in Sweden. Methods: Using data from the 2021 SámiHET survey (n = 3,617), we analysed the consumption of traditional meat alongside health outcomes across different age and sex groups. Logistic regression models were used to assess associations between frequent consumption of reindeer or elk meat (more than once per week) and self-reported poor physical health or poor mental wellbeing. Results: Although consumption of traditional meat declined slightly among the Sámi aged 75 and over, it remained significantly higher than the national average. Women and older adults reported lower intake than men and younger participants. Frequent consumption of reindeer or elk meat was associated with lower odds of poor mental wellbeing across all subgroups, even after adjusting for age, sex, education, and income. Conclusion: These findings suggest that traditional Sámi food is associated with improved mental wellbeing, particularly among older Sámi adults. However, as this is a cross-sectional study, the association cannot be interpreted as causal. The underlying link may relate to the cultural significance of traditional foods. In this context, food could also serve as a proxy for cultural strength, a factor that previous research has identified as being important for the mental health of Indigenous peoples. Further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms behind these associations.

AimsThis study aimed to investigate the current status of nursing intern students’ core competencies and their relationship with spiritual health.BackgroundCultivating the core competencies of nursing intern students is a significant educational objective. As nursing intern students transition into clinical practice, they encounter heightened levels of stress, which can adversely impact both physical and mental health, potentially hindering the development of their competencies. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in spiritual health, which can help individuals cope with stress, promoting positive physical and mental health outcomes. However, the relationship between spiritual health and the core competencies of nursing intern students remains unclear.MethodsConvenience sampling was used to recruit 312 nursing intern students from five tertiary hospitals in China. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, spiritual health, and core competencies were collected using online questionnaires from September 2022 to January 2023.ResultsThe overall average score of core competencies of nursing intern students (149.70 ± 19.09) was at a medium level, among which the score of critical thinking and reasoning ability was the lowest (11.28 ± 2.02). Univariate analysis shows that factors such as place of birth, reasons for choosing the nursing major, and employment intentions have an impact on the core competencies of nursing intern students. Correlation analysis indicated that the core competencies of nursing intern students were positively correlated with their spiritual health (r = 0.687, p < 0.01). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that spiritual health explained 42.9% of the total variance in core competencies (△R2 = 0.429, p < 0.01).ConclusionsThis study shows that the core abilities of nursing intern students need to be improved, especially in terms of critical thinking and reasoning skills. In addition, their spiritual health level will have an impact on the development of core competencies.Implications for Nursing ManagementThe results of this study suggest that nursing managers and educators should attach importance to the spiritual health level of nursing intern students, take timely intervention measures, and enhance the core competencies of nursing intern students. This is the key to promoting the professional development of clinical nursing and facilitating the high‐quality development of nursing.

The therapeutic functions of poetry in mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Virtual Intervention for Binge Eating (VIBE): Study protocol for a user-informed mobile intervention for dysregulated eating and weight gain prevention in adolescents.

Insomnia in stimulant use disorders: Prevalence and associations with negative affect.

How colorism gets "under the skin": The role of ethnic-racial discrimination and diurnal cortisol in the physical health of African American and Latino young adults.

Weight gain and physical inactivity during chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer patients are common. To investigate the feasibility of a virtual lifestyle (exercise and diet) intervention for breast cancer survivors (BCS) during chemotherapy. This single-arm phase II trial delivered 12 weekly 1-hour telehealth sessions of supervised exercise and diet education to BCS (stage I-III) starting (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy. Screening, recruitment, intervention, and study assessments completed at baseline (T0), immediately post-intervention (T1), 3-months post-intervention (T2) were conducted via telehealth in 2022-2023. Primary outcome: ≥60% participants achieved 50% of pre-determined exercise and/or dietary goals. Secondary outcomes: acceptability (participation, attendance, completion), physical health, and lifestyle outcomes. Of 73 referrals, 60 were eligible, 58 (97%) consented, 51 (85%) commenced intervention, and 34 completed ≥1 post-intervention assessment (completion rate 67%). Mean age 51 years (SD8.8), 50% neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Attendance was lower for exercise than diet sessions (44% vs 62% attended ≥75% sessions). At T1, 36% of participants adhered to ≥ 50% pre-set goals, improving at T2 (62.5%). Weight was not significantly different T0-T1 (p = .199) but significantly increased at T2 (p = .018). Average waist circumference reduced at T1 (-1.9 cm, p = .014) and T2 (-3.3 cm, p < .001). Weekly exercise time increased by 38.5mins T0-T1 (p = .038) and the proportion meeting exercise guidelines improved from 6% (T0) to 41% (T2). Our primary outcome was not achieved immediately post-intervention but was observed 3-months later. Those completing the intervention attended at least half the diet and exercise sessions during chemotherapy. Results will inform design of a phase III study.

Background/Objectives: Whole food, plant-based (WFPB) diets have been associated with reduced cardiovascular risk and enhanced overall health. However, nutrition education in medical training remains limited. This study evaluated an experiential WFPB intervention known as the “Plant Plunge.” Methods: A total of 64 medical student participants attended weekly one-hour nutrition seminars on campus led by a local nonprofit, received complimentary WFPB lunches, and were encouraged to eat a WFPB diet for four weeks. Semi-structured interviews explored program perceptions. Pre- and post-intervention assessments measured nutrition knowledge, and a post-program survey assessed attitudes toward the intervention. Results: We analyzed a total of 14 interviews, 25 pre- and post-intervention knowledge assessments, and 49 post-intervention surveys. Qualitative analysis identified seven major themes: (1) improved physical health outcomes; (2) increased awareness of nutrition’s role in medicine; (3) concerns about feasibility and accessibility of WFPB diets; (4) personal empowerment and behavioral change; (5) educational value of seminars; (6) social engagement and peer support; and (7) relevance to future clinical practice. Mean scores on the knowledge assessment significantly improved from 73.3% to 87.0% (p = 0.045) following the Plant Plunge. Survey responses revealed that 65% of participants agreed that they increased knowledge of food ingredients, 54% indicated increased likelihood of selecting plant-based options, and 43% agreed that finding WFPB foods was easy, with 16% disagreeing. Conclusions: The Plant Plunge improved medical students’ nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, and perceived readiness for lifestyle counseling while offering an experiential model of nutrition education. Short, experiential nutrition programs may serve as scalable approaches to strengthen nutrition training and support chronic disease prevention.

eHealth literacy is important for older adults to be able to seek and evaluate online health information. However, there is a scarcity of large-scale data on their eHealth literacy levels, particularly among the oldest older individuals (aged >75 years) in unique, high-income Asian regions such as Hong Kong. A comprehensive understanding of how eHealth literacy is associated with specific health behaviors, mental well-being, and physical health outcomes in this population is lacking. This study aims to assess the level of eHealth literacy and its associations with health behaviors and health-related outcomes among older adults in Hong Kong. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Generations Connect Project. This is an ongoing large-scale community-based project, where we trained university students to conduct home visits and assess the health status of older adults (N=6704) in Hong Kong. eHealth literacy was measured using the eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS; score: 8-40). Health behavior measurements included physical activity levels (metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week) and smoking, drinking, and eating habits. Mental well-being was measured using the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (percentage score: 0-100) and UCLA 3-item Loneliness Scale (score: 3-9). Physical health was assessed on the basis of self-reported medical diagnosis of noncommunicable diseases (yes/no), including hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. Adjusted unstandardized coefficients (b) and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine the associations between variables. Among the 6704 participants (mean age 77.8, SD 7.0 years), the mean eHEALS score was 18.2 (SD 10.2), and 44.1% (2897/6566) of the participants had inadequate eHealth literacy (score: 8-15.99). Increasing age (adjusted b -0.32, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.28; P<.001), support from the Comprehensive Social Security Assistance Scheme (adjusted b -1.49, 95% CI -2.04 to -0.95; P<.001), and living in public housing (adjusted b -1.60, 95% CI -2.69 to -0.50; P=.004) were associated with a lower eHEALS score. Participants with moderate eHealth literacy (score: 24-31.99) were less likely to be current smokers (adjusted OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38-0.95; P=.04), more physically active (adjusted b 39.83, 95% CI 2.04-77.62; P=.04), more likely to be community health center members (adjusted OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.30-1.77; P<.001) and to have healthy diets (adjusted b 0.034, 95% CI 0.006-0.063; P=.04), and less likely to have a medical diagnosis of diabetes (adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62-0.85; P<.001). Moreover, they had a higher score on the World Health Organization-Five Well-being Index (adjusted b 2.89, 95% CI 1.42-4.36; P<.001) and a lower score on the UCLA 3-item Loneliness Scale (adjusted b -0.26, 95% CI -0.37 to -0.15; P<.001). The level of eHealth literacy was low among older adults in Hong Kong. eHealth literacy was associated with positive health behaviors and health-related outcomes. Interventions are warranted to boost their eHealth literacy in the future.

Background: Truck drivers constitute a high-risk occupational group due to irregular schedules, prolonged sedentary work, fatigue, and limited access to healthcare, contributing to adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Although mobile health (mHealth) tools offer potential to support driver health, sustained engagement remains a persistent challenge. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify behavioural, technological, and contextual determinants influencing truck drivers' compliance, retention, and long-term engagement with digital health interventions. Methods: Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, six eligible studies were identified and thematically synthesised across technology acceptance, behaviour change, and persuasive system design perspectives. Results: Across studies, sustained engagement was facilitated by self-monitoring, real-time feedback, goal-setting, coaching support, and simple, flexible system design. In contrast, technological complexity, high interaction demands, limited digital literacy, privacy concerns, misalignment with irregular schedules, and fatigue consistently undermined engagement and retention. Autonomy, trust, and voluntary participation emerged as cross-cutting determinants supporting continued use. Based on the synthesis, an integrative framework was developed to explain how behavioural, technological, and contextual factors interact to shape truck drivers' compliance, engagement, and retention with mHealth. Despite generally moderate to high study quality, the evidence base remains fragmented and dominated by short-term evaluations. Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of context-sensitive, user-centred design to support effective digital health interventions in the trucking sector.

There has been an international effort to improve the quality of care available to persons living with dementia and their caregivers. As such, research has emphasized the importance of community-based interventions designed to help mitigate some of the health effects associated with caregiving. Physical activity and social support are two elements with the potential to enhance caregivers' health and may be beneficial to include when designing and implementing interventions. Thus, to inform implementation and future research, this scoping review sought to describe and identify what is already known about physical activity and/or social support and dementia caregivers' physical, mental and social well-being.To do this, we followed Arksey and O'Malley's framework for scoping reviews. Five databases (SPORTdiscus, CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychINFO) were searched in October 2022 and again in February 2024, and July 2025. Covidence was used to organize all relevant studies, and two researchers independently reviewed all articles. Knowledge users (dementia caregivers & community program providers) (n = 4) were also consulted during a focus group to determine if their lived experiences aligned with the findings. Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies examined physical activity; 14 studies examined social support; and 10 studies examined interventions inclusive of physical activity and social support. Regardless of intervention type, the most common finding was participation increased caregivers' mental well-being. No difference in physical or mental health outcomes were found between in-person and online interventions. Participation in joint reminiscence therapy was the only intervention to result in a decrease in health. All knowledge users agreed with this finding. From this review it is evident that participation in PA and/or social support is beneficial for the physical, mental and social well-being of dementia caregivers. The findings from this review may help to inform the development and improvement of community-based interventions for this population.

Social participation refers to individuals engaging in important and meaningful activities in life situations, such as social interaction. There is limited published literature about social participation patterns and their relationships with personal and environmental factors. We aimed to identify social participation patterns among Chinese survivors of stroke and evaluate how personal and environmental factors differentiate these patterns. Using data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 502 survivors of stroke aged 45 and above were analyzed. Latent class analysis identified distinct participation patterns, and multinomial logistic regression explored associated factors. Three patterns of social participation were identified: High Organization- and Information-Centered pattern (class 1, 6.18%); High Interaction- and Entertainment-Centered pattern (class 2, 4.78%); Low Entertainment- and Organization-Centered pattern (class 3, 89.04%). Participants assigned to class 2 had minimal comorbidities and the lowest depression scores, while those in class 1 exhibited higher cognitive function scores, as well as the highest scores for livable residence. Age, the number of chronic diseases, recall ability, monthly household expenditure, and having a livable residence were significantly associated with patterns of social participation. This study identified 3 distinct patterns of social participation among Chinese survivors of stroke, with personal factors (ie, number of chronic diseases and cognitive function) and environmental factors (ie, livable residence) significantly differentiating these patterns. These findings suggest that interventions should be tailored to survivors' health status and living conditions to promote meaningful social participation and potentially improve their physical, psychological, and cognitive health outcomes.

Background: Recently introduced nicotine pouches (NPs) are smokeless nicotine products. They are held between the lips and gums for 30 min to absorb nicotine into the bloodstream through the oral mucosa. Attractiveness may increase nicotine use, especially among young people and teens. The objective of this study is to investigate the health issues and psychological effects associated with nicotine pouch use among individuals in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey using Google Forms. It was conducted between 13 February and 4 November 2025, in the Riyadh province of Saudi Arabia, restricted to users of nicotine pouches willing to answer a questionnaire on the occasion of buying them (at regional tobacco stores/supermarkets) or online via WhatsApp or the Telegram platform. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Version 27, with a p < 0.05 indicating significance. Results: The current study included data of 489 participants, with a total of 395 participants using nicotine pouches. The most commonly reported symptoms were difficulty breathing and shortness of breath (both 40.5%), changes in taste or smell (36.7%), headache and stomach ulcers (33.4% each), and rapid or irregular heartbeat (28.4%). Most common psychological symptoms at any severity level (slightly to extremely) were appetite changes (78.7%), difficulty concentrating or focusing (75.4%), difficulty sleeping (74.9%), and increased anxiety or irritability (73.4%). Depression (72.2%), anger management (71.1%), and stress (70.4%) were also common. Regression analyses revealed that educational attainment was a significant predictor of both physical and psychological health outcomes. Conclusions: The findings show the most common physical symptoms were difficulty breathing and shortness of breath, followed by taste or smell changes, headaches, stomach ulcers, and rapid or irregular heartbeat. Appetite changes, concentration issues, sleep disturbances, and anxiety or irritability were common across all severity levels. Depression, anger issues, and stress were common.

Prolonged grief disorder in later life: advancing our understanding of biopsychosocial mechanisms to guide future personalized interventions.

Stable and adequate housing is essential for mental and physical well-being. However, housing insecurity is a growing global issue, particularly affecting migrants. This review synthesizes the available evidence on the determinants and health outcomes associated with housing insecurity among culturally and linguistically diverse (CaLD) populations living in high-income countries. A scoping review was conducted of literature published in English, focusing on migrants from CaLD backgrounds living in high-income countries. The review followed the framework outlined by Arksey and O'Malley and PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Once data were extracted and categorized, a bibliometric analysis was performed to examine core research and author networks. The review included 57 studies; the highest proportions were from the USA (n = 13, 22.8%) and Canada (n = 9, 15.8%). The review found that housing insecurity among migrants of CaLD backgrounds was shaped by a range of micro-level, meso-level, and macro-level factors, increasing migrants' vulnerability to adverse health outcomes. Four themes were identified: negative mental health outcomes, negative physical health outcomes, social and developmental challenges, and health-related barriers and increased health risks. The bibliometric analysis illustrated fragmented research networks, while the keyword analysis highlighted thematic clusters on housing, migration, and mental health. Addressing housing insecurity demands a multi-level approach that integrates mental and physical health support and reduces barriers to healthcare access. By addressing housing insecurity as a health issue, decision-makers can help reduce the significant health inequalities experienced by migrants from CaLD backgrounds and promote equitable, accessible, and health-enabling housing environments.

Background: Prior research confirms that social support promotes resilience among medical patients with chronic illness. Beyond emotional benefits, research has increasingly shown the importance of social support on physical health outcomes. Therefore, identifying and evaluating interventions that increase social support among medical patients with chronic conditions is a priority for healthcare. Methods: This meta-analysis summarized data from 39,493 medical patients across 14 non-randomized trials that had been identified by a prior review of the survival benefits of social support interventions. Results: Across four studies reporting hazard ratio data, the results failed to reach statistical significance (HR = 2.10, 95% CI = 0.99 to 4.48, p = 0.0546), and the results of ten studies reporting odds ratio data were of smaller magnitude (OR = 1.27, 95% CI [0.72, 2.23], p > 0.05). Heterogeneity characterized both the odds ratio data (I2 = 53%; Q = 18.1, p = 0.03) and hazard ratio data (I2 = 89%, Q = 23, p < 0.001). A notable finding was that studies with longer periods of data collection showed longer survival among medical patients receiving social support. Conclusions: Long-term observations may be necessary for the survival benefits of social support interventions to become apparent. Further research with a larger pool of data from long-term follow-up studies will be needed to establish firm conclusions.

Despite advances in critical care medicine, many questions remain unanswered, and existing guidelines are often based on low-quality evidence. This priority setting partnership (PSP), following the James Lind Alliance (JLA) methodology, aimed to identify the top ten research priorities for critical care medicine in Canada based on input from patients, families, and healthcare providers. Three-phase, national, JLA PSP. Canada-wide, involving adult and PICUs. Patients with lived experience of critical illness, family members of ICU patients, and healthcare providers (physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals). None. Participants contributed uncertainties through open surveys (phase 1), ranked questions through a national survey (phase 2), and achieved consensus on the final priorities during a virtual workshop (phase 3). Phase 1 included 154 respondents (44 patients/family members, 110 healthcare providers) submitting 509 in scope questions, resulting in 64 unique indicative questions. Phase 2 included 244 participants (63 patients/families, 191 healthcare providers), prioritizing 20 questions to advance to the final workshop. Phase 3 involved 24 individuals (12 with lived experience, 12 healthcare providers) from six provinces, who reached consensus on the top ten research priorities. Briefly, the top three priorities were: 1) improving physical, cognitive, and mental health outcomes post-ICU/PICU; 2) supporting goals-of-care conversations with families; and 3) characterizing short- and long-term post-ICU outcomes and predictors. The full top ten priorities are presented in the article. This national JLA PSP identified the top ten patient, family, and healthcare provider-driven research priorities for critical care medicine in Canada. These priorities aim to guide future research that is meaningful, inclusive, and evidence-informed.

Background/Objectives: Healthcare workers at the frontline of managing pandemics are at increased risk for adverse physical and mental health outcomes, which has been shown to result in burnout. The relationship between personal resilience and burnout among clinical and non-clinical healthcare staff working in an acute care setting was assessed at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional survey design with electronic questionnaires was used to measure resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,) and burnout (Maslach Burnout Inventory—Human Services Survey). Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between resilience and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Results: A significant inverse relationship between resilience and both emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, and a positive relationship between resilience and personal accomplishment were identified. Higher resilience scores were significantly associated with lower emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and higher personal accomplishment under pandemic conditions. Conclusions: Strategies to boost resilience organization-wide amongst healthcare staff providing patient care are critical for providing skills to reduce the onset of burnout and support employee mental health. From a pandemic preparedness lens, organizational-level emergency management should consider the importance of resilience-building among staff to proactively prevent burnout and its subsequent effects on patient-care and general hospital functioning.