Physical Activity In College Students Research Articles

Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity of College Students in Manila, Philippines during the COVID-19 Community Quarantine: An Online Survey

This study aimed to identify the physical activity barriers affecting college students and analyse how they differ between types of schools (private colleges-universities and government-state universities), and to improve schools'online distance learning physical education programmes in the Philippines. One hundred fifty (N=150) officially enrolled students participated in the study, from private and state universities, composed of athletes, non-athletes, and inactive athletes. With the use of the Barriers to Being Active Quiz, comprising seven (7) barriers (Lack of Time (LT), Social Influence (SI), Lack of Energy (LE), Lack of Willpower (LW), Fear of Injury (FI), Lack of Skill (LS) and Lack of Resources (LR)), responses were collected adapted through online administration. After the response collection, results show high mean scores in LR and significantly low scores in FI and LS barriers among private and state university students. Private and State University students differ from each other significantly (p<0.05) in the barriers SI, LW and LR, with state university students exhibiting greater mean scores. Active athletes possessed significantly lower scores during quarantine in most barriers (LT, SI, LE, LW, LS and LR), while inactive athletes exhibited the highest in FI. Further studies and examination of online physical education programmes are recommended to help students counter the reduced physical activity during quarantine, aside from strengthening government encouragement to those without access to exercise opportunities. © 2021 Montenegrin Sports Academy. All rights reserved.

The Effects of Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stress, Eating, Weight, Sleep, and Physical Activity in College Students

ObjectivesMeasures implemented due to the CoVID-19 pandemic, may have affected stress-induced sleep disturbances and food cravings. This study aims to evaluate: 1) perceptions on how social distancing due to CoVID-19 affected stress, sleep, dietary habits and physical activity (PA) patterns in female vs. male college students; 2) perceived factors associated with self-reported weight changes during the initial months of social distancing.MethodsCross-sectional. Online anonymous survey administered using a social network site as the main data collection tool in a period from June to August 2020. Questionnaire was framed to retrospectively recall the first phase of social distancing measures.ResultsCollege students (n = 575); majority 18-24 y, 80% women, 14% men, 1.3% transgender and 2% non-binary; 76% White, 10% Hispanic/Latino, 7% African American, 5% Asian & 6% Multiracial. Of the 575 participants, 36% reported overeating and 34% an increase in weight. Under exercise was reported in 31% of participants and 40% decreased their sleep during the initial months of social distancing. Regarding mental health, 37% reported having high levels of anxiety, and 61% reported a decreased sense of happiness. Fifty-five reported feeling high levels of stress at home and 64% reported stress due to schoolwork. A higher proportion of women reported higher levels of uncertainty (p = 0.002), anxiety (p = 0.042), stress at home (p = 0.046), changes in mood (p = 0.01) and changes in eating (0.014). There were no differences among gender responses for changes in sleep, weight, loneliness, exercise and school work related stress. Self-reported weight gain was associated with changes in exercise for 54% (P < 0.0001). Changes in mood for 73% (P = 0.002), overall changes in sleep 78% (P = 0.002) and changes in eating for 82%(P = 0.002) of the responders. Weight change was associated with uncertainty (P = 0.023), anxiety (P < 0.001) and stress levels at home (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsIn this non-representative US sample, most college students reported high levels of stress and decreased happiness, with women affected at higher levels. It can be hypothesized that long term disaster responses using social distancing, should address stress management, PA, sleep and eating habits for age college students to maintain a healthy weight.Funding SourcesWorcester State University Advancement Office

A Scoping Review on College Student Physical Activity: How Do Researchers Measure Activity and Examine Inequities?

The purpose of this scoping review was to critically examine the design and quality of contemporary research involving college student physical activity participation, focusing on physical activity measurement, assessment of sociodemographic characteristics, and examination of inequities based on sociodemographic characteristics. Systematic searches were conducted in 4 electronic databases. From 28,951 sources screened, data were extracted from 488 that met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies were cross-sectional in design (91.4%) and employed convenience sampling methods (83.0%). Based on the subsample of studies that reported the percentage of students meeting aerobic (n = 158; equivalent of 150min/wk of moderate physical activity) and muscle-strengthening activity recommendations (n = 8; ≥2times/wk), 58.7% and 47.8% of students met aerobic and muscle-strengthening recommendations, respectively. With the exception of age and sex, sociodemographic characteristics were rarely assessed, and inequities based upon them were even more scarcely examined-with no apparent increase in reporting over the past decade. College student physical activity levels remain concerningly low. The generalizability of findings from the contemporary literature is limited due to study design, and acknowledgement of the influence that sociodemographic characteristics have on physical activity has largely been overlooked. Recommendations for future research directions and practices are provided.

Characteristics and relationship between self-efficacy and physical activity of college students during COVID-19 epidemic

Objective To explore the characteristics and relationship between physical activity and self-efficacy of college students during the COVID-19 epidemic, so as to provide evidence for the orderly development of physical education and curriculum reform of college students after their return to school. Methods A total of 6 227 college students were collected from 8 districts of China by using convenient sampling method and snowball sampling method, and the physical activity and self-efficacy of all participants were assessed used by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-S) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Results In the terms of general self-efficacy, the score of male students was significantly higher than that of female students, the score of freshman was significantly higher than that of other grades ( t/F = 7. 32, 5.56, P<0.01). In terms of physical activity, the middle and high level physical activity of girls was significantly higher than that of boys, but the proportion of boys meeting the recommended amount was higher ( P<0.01). Low level physical activity was the highest in junior college students (31.75%), medium level physical activity was the highest in freshmen (46.75%) and sophomore student (48.13%), and high level physical activity was the highest senior college students (30.40%). The moderate level of physical activity was the highest in all BMI groups, while the lean group had the lowest level of low level physical activity (15.70%) and the highest level of high level physical activity (37.31%), and the lowest proportion meeting the recommended amount ( P<0.05). Self-efficacy had a positive predictive effect on physical activity ( OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.03–1.05). Conclusion During the COVID-19 epidemic, there are significant differences in general self-efficacy and physical activity among college students by gender, grade and BMI. The general selfefficacy has a positive impact on physical activity, suggesting that college physical education should pay attention to students’ self-efficacy, while considering individual and group differences, and promote physical activity level through self-efficacy improvement. 【摘要】 目的 探索新型冠状病毒肺炎 (以下简称“新冠肺炎”)疫情期间在校大学生的自我效能和体力活动特征及关 系, 为大学生复学后体育工作的有序开展和课程改革提供依据。 方法 通过方便抽样法和滚雪球抽样法, 对中国 8 个片区 6 227 名在校大学生, 采用一般自我效能量表和国际体力活动问卷 (短卷)进行调查。 结果 在自我效能方面, 男生得分高 于女生, 大一学生高于其他年级 ( t/F 值分别为 7.32,5.56, P 值均<0.01); 在体力活动方面, 女生的中、高水平体力活动构成 比高于男生, 但男生满足推荐量的报告率更高 ( P 值均<0.01); 大三学生低水平体力活动占比最多 (31.75%), 大一学生 (46.75%)、大二学生 (48.13%)中等体力活动占比多, 大四学生的高水平体力活动占比多 (30.40%); 不同体质量指数 (BMI) 组, 中等水平体力活动占比均最多, 偏瘦组低水平体力活动占比最少 (15.70%), 高水平体力活动占比最多 (37.31%), 满足推荐量的报告率最低 ( P<0.05)。二兀 Logistic 回归分析显示, 自我效能与体力活动呈正相关 ( OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.03~1.05)。 结论 新冠肺炎疫情期间, 不同性别、年级和 BMI 大学生的自我效能和体力活动存在差异, 自我效 能对体力活动有积极影响。大学体育教学需重视学生的自我效能, 考虑个体和群体差异, 通过自我效能的改善促进体力活 动水平的提升。

Using a Mobile Phone App to Analyze the Relationship Between Planned and Performed Physical Activity in University Students: Observational Study.

BackgroundThe relationship between intention and behavior has been well researched, but most studies fail to capture dynamic, time-varying contextual factors. Ecological momentary assessment through mobile phone technology is an innovative method for collecting data in real time, including time-use data. However, only a limited number of studies have examined day-level plans to be physically active and subsequent physical activity behavior using real-time time-use data to better understand this relationship.ObjectiveThis study aims to examine whether plans to be physically active (recorded in advance on an electronic calendar) were associated with objectively assessed physical activity (accelerometry), to identify activities that replaced planned periods of physical activity by using the mobile app Life in a Day (LIAD), and to test the feasibility and acceptability of LIAD for collecting real-time time-use data.MethodsThe study included 48 university students who were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 protocols, which were defined by 1, 3, or 5 days of data collection. Participants were asked to record their planned activities on a Google Calendar and were provided with mobile phones with LIAD to complete time-use entries in real time for a set of categories (eg, exercise or sports, eating or cooking, school, or personal care). Participants were instructed to wear an accelerometer on their nondominant wrist during the protocol period. A total of 144 days of protocol data were collected from the 48 participants.ResultsProtocol data for 123 days were eligible for analysis. A Fisher exact test showed a statistically significant association between plans and physical activity behavior (P=.02). The congruence between plans and behavior was fair (Cohen κ=0.220; 95% CI 0.028-0.411). Most participants did not plan to be active, which occurred on 75.6% (93/123) of days. Of these 93 days, no physical activity occurred on 76 (81.7%) days, whereas some physical activity occurred on 17 (18.3%) days. On the remaining 24.4% (30/123) of days, some physical activity was planned. Of these 30 days, no physical activity occurred on 18 (60%) days, whereas some physical activity occurred on 12 (40%) days. LIAD data indicated that activities related to screen time most often replaced planned physical activity, whereas unplanned physical activity was often related to active transport. Feasibility analyses indicated little difficulty in using LIAD, and there were no significant differences in feasibility by protocol length.ConclusionsConsistent with previous literature, physical activity plans and physical activity behaviors were linked, but not strongly linked. LIAD offers insight into the relationship between plans and behavior, highlighting the importance of active transport for physical activity and the influence of screen-related behaviors on insufficient physical activity. LIAD is a feasible and practical method for collecting time-use data in real time.

Daily Motivational Text Messages to Promote Physical Activity in University Students: Results From a Microrandomized Trial.

Low physical activity is an important risk factor for common physical and mental disorders. Physical activity interventions delivered via smartphones can help users maintain and increase physical activity, but outcomes have been mixed. Here we assessed the effects of sending daily motivational and feedback text messages in a microrandomized clinical trial on changes in physical activity from one day to the next in a student population. We included 93 participants who used a physical activity app, "DIAMANTE" for a period of 6 weeks. Every day, their phone pedometer passively tracked participants' steps. They were microrandomized to receive different types of motivational messages, based on a cognitive-behavioral framework, and feedback on their steps. We used generalized estimation equation models to test the effectiveness of feedback and motivational messages on changes in steps from one day to the next. Sending any versus no text message initially resulted in an increase in daily steps (729 steps, p = .012), but this effect decreased over time. A multivariate analysis evaluating each text message category separately showed that the initial positive effect was driven by the motivational messages though the effect was small and trend-wise significant (717 steps; p = .083), but not the feedback messages (-276 steps, p = .4). Sending motivational physical activity text messages based on a cognitive-behavioral framework may have a positive effect on increasing steps, but this decreases with time. Further work is needed to examine using personalization and contextualization to improve the efficacy of text-messaging interventions on physical activity outcomes. NCT04440553.

Physical Activity and Quality of Life of University Students, Their Parents, and Grandparents in Poland-Selected Determinants.

Physical activity is one of the factors conditioning human health. Research shows a positive impact of regular physical activity on the quality of human life. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the physical activity of university students, their parents, and their grandparents, and the overall quality of their lives in individual domains (physical, mental, social, environmental), as well as the perceived state of health in relation to selected determinants. The research included 1001 participants, including 253 students related to physical culture and health promotion studying at the University of Szczecin (faculties: physical education, tourism and recreation, public health, sports diagnostics), and their 336 parents and 412 grandparents. Purposive sampling was used to outline the determinants of quality of life and family factors in physical activity. The diagnostic survey was carried out based on the standardized WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life) questionnaire. Statistically significant differences were shown in the studied generations regarding the assessment of quality of life and satisfaction with health in the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. The oldest generation gave the lowest assessment of quality of life and was the least satisfied with their health regarding particular domains. Female students were more satisfied with their health compared to grandmothers and grandfathers, whereas male students compared to mothers and fathers. Fathers achieved the highest scores in the psychological and social domains, but, in case of the latter, differences were found between mothers’ and fathers’ assessments. Intergenerational differences were found in quality of life and the assessment of health status. Current participation in broadly understood physical culture was often a result of positive attitudes towards physical education and doing sport in the past, which meant higher scores in the physical domain each time. The study demonstrated that taking up physical activity impacted the quality of life and assessment of health in the past and currently.

Test Period Stress: Factor on Eating and Physical Activity in College of Nayarit Mexic

Background: Academic stress (AS) is a little studied topic and even less related to the eating habits (EH) and physical activity (PA) of college students when they are on exams. The university stage implies a greater degree of challenges that trigger a series of AS due to the overload of tasks or projects, which condition not only school performance, but also the quality of life and nutritional status of the university population. Objective: To analyze the relationship between stress and food consumption and physical activity in college students exposed in an academic testing period. Methods: The method was a descriptive, prospective, quantitative and observational study. 144 volunteer college students of bachelor degree of Physiotherapy, Nutrition, Psychology, Gastronomy, Business Administration, Educational Sciences and Architecture. The preference index (PI) was the method used to measure the frequency of EH, and Academic Stress Questionnaire by PA. Results: Physiotherapy and Nutrition students presented high levels of stress. Students in Nutrition and Physiotherapy had great physical and/or mental exhaustion, and little motivation to turn in projects and assignments. Consumption of alcoholic beverages, soft drinks and junk food increases during testing periods. The fruit consumption PI is moderated by students during the examination period. Most students of all bachelor's degrees prefer to be resting, sleeping, watching TV or being on their cell phones. Conclusions: The stress causes changes in eating habits and physical activities to college students to meet their academic needs.

Test Period Stress: Factor on Eating and Physical Activity in College of Nayarit Mexico

Background: Academic stress (AS) is a little studied topic and even less related to the eating habits (EH) and physical activity (PA) of college students when they are on exams. The university stage implies a greater degree of challenges that trigger a series of AS due to the overload of tasks or projects, which condition not only school performance, but also the quality of life and nutritional status of the university population. Objective: To analyze the relationship between stress and food consumption and physical activity in college students exposed in an academic testing period. Methods: The method was a descriptive, prospective, quantitative and observational study. 144 volunteer college students of bachelor degree of Physiotherapy, Nutrition, Psychology, Gastronomy, Business Administration, Educational Sciences and Architecture. The preference index (PI) was the method used to measure the frequency of EH, and Academic Stress Questionnaire by PA. Results: Physiotherapy and Nutrition students presented high levels of stress. Students in Nutrition and Physiotherapy had great physical and/or mental exhaustion, and little motivation to turn in projects and assignments. Consumption of alcoholic beverages, soft drinks and junk food increases during testing periods. The fruit consumption PI is moderated by students during the examination period. Most students of all bachelor's degrees prefer to be resting, sleeping, watching TV or being on their cell phones. Conclusions: The stress causes changes in eating habits and physical activities to college students to meet their academic needs.

Motivation for Physical Activity in University Students and Its Relation with Gender, Amount of Activities, and Sport Satisfaction

Background: Motivation can be considered a critical factor in encouraging and maintaining physical activity. Despite the many health benefits offered by physical activity, a significant percentage of university students do not meet recommendations. University years are a critical time for promoting and maintaining an active lifestyle. This study aimed to analyze motivations for engaging in physical activity among university students and their relationship with gender, amount of sports activity, and satisfaction with sports activity. Methods: The sample consisted of 1099 Vizcaya university students (45.3% men and 54.7% women), aged between 18 and 29 years old (M = 20.4; SD = 1.7 years). Sports motivation, the number of weekly hours of physical activity, and the level of satisfaction with sports were analyzed. (3) Results: Significant differences were found in intrinsic (d = 0.36, p = 0.000) and external regulation (d = 0.19, p = 0.002), men having a higher motivation level compared to women in these dimensions, but not in participants’ level of satisfaction. The effect of gender on the amount of physical activity was mainly direct, but motivation was significantly mediating. In addition, there was not a significant effect of gender on level of satisfaction, but analyzing its limited effect in the sample, the mediation of intrinsic regulation was significant. (4) Conclusions: To understand the variance of the amount of physical activity and satisfaction in university students, the direct effect of gender must be considered as well as the mediating role of some dimensions of motivation.

Longitudinal study of physical activity in college students: Testing self-determination theory based on stages of change

The main purpose of this study was to longitudinally test the relationships of Self Determination Theory variables on physical activity, analyzing the model based on stages of change. The study is a longitudinal and quantitative research. We have developed a longitudinal cross-lagged design for structural equation models of three time points and multi-group analysis. Participants were 772 Spanish college students from the University of Zaragoza (M = 19.74, SD = 2.76) studying several degrees. Participants completed different self-reports, assessing: physical activity, stages of change, motivation and basic psychological needs, at three time points (November, January and March). The analysis indicated that intrinsic motivation positively predicted physical activity at the 3-time points, both directly and indirectly. Intrinsic motivation was negatively predicted by autonomy and positively predicted by competence (from time point 2 to 3). No relationships were found with relatedness for the entire sample. Regarding the stages of change multi-group analysis were run: in the low active group, we found a negative relationship between relatedness and physical activity, and a positive association between competence and intrinsic motivation and physical activity, whereas intrinsic motivation did not predict physical activity. Our findings showed that intrinsic motivation was the most consistent predictor of physical activity. The competence need played an essential role in intrinsic motivation and physical activity for both active and passive subjects. However, the basic psychological needs have not worked as indicated by the theory when it was examined longitudinally. The findings of the study highlight the need for different strategies to improve physical activity levels according to the stages of change.

A mental health informatics study on the mediating effect of the regulatory emotional self-efficacy.

To identify the internal mechanism of the relationship between physical activity and mental health in home exercises. Participants were 2233 college students with an average age of 19.34 (SD = 1.07) recruited from southern China using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and hierarchical multiple regression. They completed the college student physical activity questionnaire, regulatory emotional self-efficacy scale (RES) and Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) to explore the internal mechanism of the relationship between home exercises and mental health in the context of fitness campaign. Statistical analysis based on ANOVA and hierarchical multiple regression, and the results showed that gender differences is a critical factor influencing the effectiveness of home exercise on mental health in college students. Furthermore, individuals with regulatory emotional self-efficacy are more likely to keep exercising, which may stimulate the positive effect on enhancing mental health. Variable of emotion regulation efficacy play an important role in promoting college students positive emotions, stimulating potential, and improving physical and mental health. Further to advocate sports interventions for home-stay groups to improve their control of emotions, thereby reducing their anxiety and depression in the face of unexpected events.

Investigation of the relationship between smart phone addiction and physical activity in university students

Background: The purpose of this research was to determine the university students’ characteristics regarding smartphone usage and physical activity and to investigate the relationship between smart phone addiction and the physical activity levels. Methods: A total of 288 (female=159 and male=129) students were involved in this observational study. Smartphone usage characteristics of the participants were recorded. The short form of the Smartphone Addiction Scale was used to assess their smartphone addiction, and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess their physical activity levels. Results: It was found that 37.7% of the females and 27.9% of the males were at risk of smartphone addiction. There was no difference between the males and females in terms of smartphone addiction (p&gt;0.05). There was no difference in the physical activity levels of the participants regardless of smartphone addiction (p&gt;0.05). A weak negative correlation was found between smartphone addiction and moderate physical activity score (r=-0.126, p=0.047). Conclusion: According to this study, the university students showed inadequate levels of physical activity and were at risk of smartphone addiction. Considering the negative correlation between smartphone addiction and moderate physical activity, access to physical activity facilities in universities should be facilitated, and awareness on this issue should be increased.

A serial path model between autonomous motivation, behavioral intention, action planning, and after school physical activity of university students participating in Physical Education classes

University students in the international regions show reduced physical activity levels compared to previous generations. Lack of physical activity in college population is a growing problem of modern society because over half of the population is faced with serious health problems, such as obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure. An emphasis point of physical activity research is to get detailed information of motivational process for engaging in physical activity. This study tested a serial path model that the relationship between autonomous motivation and after school physical activity was proposed to be mediated by behavioral intention and the existence of action planning. A total of 203 students participating in physical education classes of two universities located at a metropolitan city in South Korea were selected. The participants completed four well-validated questionnaires at the end of the classes in one semester. The results of data analyzed using a structural equation modeling revealed that after school physical activity could be positively advanced by the sequential mediation effects of behavioral intention and action planning if students were internalized with autonomous motivation in the physical education classes. The findings highlighted that the action planning played as an effective strategy in leading to engagement in after school physical activity and provided useful information for university physical educators to increase physical activity levels of university students during out of school hours.

Gender differences in theory-based predictors of physical activity in university students with disabilities

University students with disabilities engage in physical activity to a lesser extent than their able-bodied peers, with women reporting less physical activity than men. The present study aimed to examine gender differences in theory-based predictors of physical activity in this population. Spanish university students with different disabilities (n = 1076) completed measures of the Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs and the reduced Spanish version of the Barriers to Physical Activity Questionnaire for People with Mobility Impairments. Self-efficacy and controllability were significantly lower in women and gender differences on the barriers predicting controllability were obtained. In conclusion, the present results could be useful in order to implement physical activity behaviour change interventions which differently target men and women with disabilities.

НАУКОВІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ПРОБЛЕМИ ЗДОРОВ’ЯЗБЕРЕЖУВАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

The correct way of life of participants in the educational process depends on the use of health technologies in educational institutions of Ukraine. Domestic scientists believe that among university students there is sometimes a negative attitude towards the formation of a healthy lifestyle and physical culture as subjects.The purpose of the article is to analyze scientific approaches to the problem of health care and the right way of life of students of higher education institutions.Researchers have identified different types of life: prosperous (characterized by high quality of life and good health throughout life); satisfactory; bad. Today, technologies for ensuring a prosperous (correct) life remain poorly studied. The concept “proper lifestyle” in education is closely linked to the definition of health as a state of completed physical, mental and social well-being. The indicator of health is not only the absence of disease, but harmonious nervous and mental development, high mental and physical performance. There are many conditions for health activities: systematic implementation of social programs for cultivating a healthy lifestyle; raising the level of physical education; acquisition of skills of analysis of information that affects health, sports, sleep, healthy eating. The health competence of future social workers is a set of systematic knowledge and ideas about the positive and negative changes in the health of all participants in the educational process and the ability to develop an effective program to preserve the health of students in the educational process. Scientists claim that physical education alone is not able to fully ensure a sufficient level of physical activity of university students, to promote their health and proper lifestyle.Conclusions. The results of the study allow us to conclude that: 1. Nowadays, there are many scientific approaches to the problem of health and the right way of life. Which have in common and different in the works of domestic and foreign scientists. 2. The main condition of health care activities in higher education institutions is the personal involvement of participants in the educational process in health care activities.

The Impact of Enrollment in an Instructional Physical Activity Program Course on the Physical Activity Level and Enjoyment of Physical Activity of University Students

e purposes of this research were to determine whether participation in a university elective instruction-al physical activity program course (IPAP) would increase the weekly physical activity level of students and resultin a signi cantly higher score on the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES). Treatment-group participantswere enrolled in an elective IPAP course that was either sport-based (e.g., volleyball, tennis) or physical condi-tioning-based (e.g., aerobic/strength training). Control-group participants (N=180) were students from the sameuniversities who were not enrolled during that term in an IPAP course. Student responses to the Godin-ShephardLeisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire indicated within-group changes in pre vs. post physical activity thatwere signi cant for the treatment group, but not the control group. Results indicate participation in an IPAPcourse signi cantly increases the physical activity levels of students and also signi cantly increases the physical activ-ity enjoyment of students with the most sedentary lifestyles.

Application of computer information technology in college physical education using fuzzy evaluation theory

AbstractThe educational sector faces a new dimension that is dominated by lifelong learning and is affected by the technical, social, and cultural changes. This pattern represents the need to improve the teaching methods for physical education and sports science. The use of computers and other information technology to increase the effectiveness of the teaching process is a modern method. This paper aims to illustrate the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in physical education and sports. In our field, the gradual computerization results can be summed up in the following aspects: education software, design, and planning activities, recording outcomes, motion monitoring, video analysis, comparison of performance and synchronizing, measurements at distance and time and the evaluation of the activity. Although physical education and sports are practical activities, specialists can make use of modern teaching technologies. In this paper, the system of curriculum assessment for physical education has been analyzed and researched in computer assessment. The first section introduced the method of assessment of the physical education program. The second phase of the paper represents a teaching model of the physical education mathematical model utilizing the Comprehensive Adaptive Fuzzy Evaluation Theory has been proposed. A new level is the modernization of physics education with the artificial intelligence computer education system built in this paper. The experimental results have high performance in detecting the physical activity of college students.

Integrating health consciousness, self-efficacy, and habituation into the attitude-intention-behavior relationship for physical activity in college students

ABSTRACT This study aimed to empirically test the relationship between attitude, behavioral intention, and behavior, which has been asserted by many human behavior theories including those of reasoned action, planned behavior, interpersonal behavior, and self-regulation. In the physical activity context, the study explored (a) how two cognitive constructs – health consciousness and self-efficacy – influence the attitude-intention-behavior relationship, and (b) how the relationship differs depending on habituation to physical activity. A survey of 525 undergraduate students was conducted at a South Korean university. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the attitude-intention-behavior relationship was only significant in the non-habituation group. In the linkage, health consciousness significantly influenced attitude toward physical activity, while self-efficacy had stronger impacts on behavioral intention and behavior than on attitude. Based on the findings, some theoretical implications and practical guidelines are discussed.

The Effects of Health Consideration on Exergaming Behavior in College Students: A Structural Equation Perspective

ABSTRACT Purpose: Exergaming play is associated with positive health benefits and increased engagement in physical activity outcomes in players. Research also indicates that factors such as enjoyment and entertainment drive users’ exergame activities. However, despite advances in the area, little is known about whether health consideration and physical activity impact college students’ exergaming behavior. Method: A cross-sectional online survey of open-ended and fixed questions was completed by 403 college students (Mage = 20.02, SD = 2.3; Range: 17–35; 73.2% female) from a large southwestern university. Descriptive analyses and structural equation modeling techniques were used to draw insights from the data. Results: Among the participants, nearly 87.6% of them reported participating in exergaming behavior. Both measurement and structural models showed good model fits. Health consideration (Std.β = .30, p < .01) and leisure-time physical activity (Std.β = .28, p < .01) were positively associated with exergaming behavior while health consideration was not significantly associated with leisure-time physical activity (Std.β = .05, p = .38). The mediation analysis revealed that the indirect effect from health consideration to exergaming behavior through leisure-time physical activity was not statistically significant (Std.β = .01, p = .38). Leisure-time physical activity could not mediate the relationship between health consideration and exergaming behavior. Conclusions: By pointing out the important role of health consideration and physical activity in college students’ exergaming play, findings of this study can help exergame developers and gamification interventionists to design more effective programs and, in turn, facilitate positive intervention outcomes.