Green silicon (IV) phthalocyanine dyes with σ-bond-linked absorption-compensating groups showing high color purity and photo-thermal stability for color filters

Electrochemical CO₂ reduction (ECR) offers a promising route for converting CO₂ into valuable fuels and chemicals, especially when powered by renewable electricity—contributing to atmospheric CO₂ mitigation and climate change alleviation. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) have garnered significant attention as versatile electrocatalysts with high selectivity toward various hydrocarbon products. However, conventional methods for fabricating carbon-supported Pcs are typically complex and time-consuming, thereby hindering large-scale application.[1,2] Herein, we report a novel crystalline electrocatalyst prepared via a rapid and scalable spray-growth strategy using low-cost cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) (see Figure 1).[3] The resulting CoPc crystals exhibit preferentially oriented crystallinity and self-induced surface charge transfer (SCT), which together lead to markedly enhanced intrinsic catalytic activity. When employed as a cathode for CO₂-to-CO electroreduction, the hybrid electrode achieves an exceptional current density of -1034 mA cm⁻² and an ultra-high mass activity of 5180 A g⁻¹ in 1.0 M KOH. It also displays excellent durability, maintaining -0.55 V vs. RHE over 145 hours of continuous operation at -150 mA cm⁻².Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that even minor SCT effects significantly optimize the adsorption energies of key reaction intermediates (*CO and *COOH), thereby enhancing reaction kinetics and overall activity. Moreover, the spray-grown electrode exhibits unique structural advantages—such as strong adhesion to the substrate and internal layers that continuously replenish active sites—features rarely achieved with traditional carbon-supported electrodes.These performance metrics surpass those of all previously reported metal phthalocyanine (M-Pc) catalysts, positioning our work at the forefront of the ECR field. Notably, this is the first M-Pc-based catalyst to exceed both the industrial benchmarks of 500 mA cm⁻² current density and 100 hours of operational stability. We believe that this facile, scalable spray-growth method holds great promise for enabling further application of Pc-based materials in industrial-scale ECR systems. Figure 1. (A) Schematic illustration of the spray-growth process of cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) crystals on a carbon paper gas diffusion electrode. (B) Structural features and charge transfer characteristics of CoPc crystals grown on carbon (CoPc/Carbon). (C) Comparison of key performance metrics from this work with previously reported values in the literature. (D) Long-term stability test at a current density of –150 mA cm⁻². Acknowledgements The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the following funds: JSPS-KAKENHI (Nos. JP23H00301, JP23K13703, JP24K17741, JP24K23068), JST-MIRAI (No. JPMJMI22I5), the AIMR Fusion Research, the Hirose Foundation, the Steel Foundation for Environmental Protection Technology, and the TOKYO PRIZE Carbon Reduction. Reference: [1] T. Liu, H. Yabu, Copper nanoclusters derived from copper phthalocyanine as real active sites for CO2 electroreduction: Exploring size dependency on selectivity ‐ A mini review, EcoEnergy 2024, 2, 419–432.[2] T. Liu, K. Ohashi, K. Nagita, T. Harada, S. Nakanishi, K. Kamiya, A Tin Oxide-Coated Copper Foam Hybridized with a Gas Diffusion Electrode for Efficient CO2 Reduction to Formate with a Current Density Exceeding 1 A cm−2 , Small 2022, 18, 2205323.[3] T. Liu, D. Zhang, Y. Hirai, K. Ito, K. Ishibashi, N. Todoroki, Surface Charge Transfer Enhanced Cobalt-Phthalocyanine Crystals for Efficient CO2-to-CO Electroreduction with Large Current Density Exceeding 1000 mA cm−2 , Adv. Sci. 2025, 12 2501459. Figure 1

This work addresses the fundamental challenge of predicting the efficiency of optical limiters (OLs): a critical class of materials for protecting sensitive optical components from intense laser radiation. While traditional approaches, including quantum-chemical calculations and machine learning (ML), face limitations such as high computational cost, data scarcity, and poor interpretability, we introduce and validate a novel methodology based on the CORRELATO algorithm. This hybrid approach integrates principles of nonlinear regression, symbolic regression, and factor analysis and is specifically optimized for small data sets. It enables the discovery of complex, interpretable analytical relationships between the molecular structure and macroscopic functional properties. The study was systematically conducted on a series of 24 specially synthesized low-symmetry phthalocyanine dyes, including monomers and dimers. Their nonlinear optical (NLO) response was experimentally characterized using Z-scan measurements at 532 nm, while key electronic structure descriptors (HOMO-LUMO gap, dipole moment, polarizability, and first hyperpolarizability) were obtained from DFT/M06-2X calculations. Applying the CORRELATO algorithm to this unified data set, we derived, for the first time, explicit analytical expressions for predicting the integral OL activation speed, marking a transition from qualitative classification to precise quantitative forecasting. A key achievement is the development of an iterative optimization procedure based on CORRELATO, which significantly refines the predictive models and reduces the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). Furthermore, a clustering strategy utilizing the local nonlinear response density was implemented, enabling the construction of highly accurate cluster-specific models (MAPE <5% for one cluster). The obtained analytical criteria provide deep insights into the structure-property relationships, identifying polarizability, dipole moment, and the charge-transfer integral as the most critical parameters governing OL performance. Thus, this research establishes a comprehensive framework for the targeted design of high-performance optical limiters, demonstrating the CORRELATO algorithm as a powerful and interpretable tool for accelerated material screening and optimization, particularly under the constraints of limited experimental data.

Rational design of hydrogel/CuPc dual-improved microelectrode for sensitive detection of bisphenol A in blood.

Catalysts with Cu─Nx active sites have shown promising performance in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), but it remains elusive to systematically modulate their CO2RR activity. Herein, a series of substituted copper phthalocyanines (CuPc-R) with various electron-withdrawing/donating groups are designed to study the relationship between the CO2RR activity and the electron density at the Cu─N4 center. Notably, a positive shift of +0.27V for the reduction potential of phthalocyanine ligands is observed by changing substituents from electron-donating to stronger electron-withdrawing effect (correlated to increasing Hammett constant), owing to the decreasing electron density of phthalocyanines center. Their CO2RR-to-CH4 activity displays approximately a linear relationship with the Hammett constant, while CuPc-Cl4, with the strongest electron-withdrawing substituent, shows the maximum FECH4 of 73.7% and related jCH4 of -147.4mAcm-2. The DFT calculations and in situ spectroscopic characterizations illustrate that the decreased electron density of the Cu─N4 center via strong electron-withdrawing groups for CuPc-R contributes to the reduced hydricity for restricted HER activity, thus promoting the CH4 selectivity.

In this study, zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) thin films fabricated by drop casting (DC) and close space sublimation (CSS) have been investigated and compared with ZnPc and CuPc solutions in formic acid (29 µmol/L). The results show that the CSS method produces films with improved molecular ordering, enhanced surface uniformity, superior optical and morphological properties compared to those obtained by drop casting. Moreover, CSS allows a precise and reproducible deposition, resulting in thinner, homogeneous layers with strong substrate adhesion and fewer defects. Optical characterization confirms that CSS films display high transparency (~90%), a sharp Q-band around 680 nm, and a fluorescence maximum at ~825 nm with the strongest emission intensity.In contrast, DC films show lower transparency (<70%), a slightly shifted Q-band (~675 nm), and similar emission around 825 nm. The fluorescence is strongly thickness-dependent: at ~100 nm, the emission band appears at 795 nm, while films thicker than 300 nm exhibit a red-shifted maximum at ~825 nm. AFM analysis further demonstrates the influence of deposition method: CSS yields smoother films with tunable morphology, while DC produces rougher, less controllable surfaces. Overall, CSS is shown to be the more effective approach for fabricating high-quality phthalocyanine films for optoelectronic applications such as photovoltaics and sensors.

Exciton diffusion in individual copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) nanofibers of β- and η-crystalline phases was investigated using femtosecond single-particle spectroscopy. The exciton diffusion coefficient (D) ranged from 1.6 × 10-5 to 0.079 cm2 s-1 for β-CuPc and from 0.040 to 0.48 cm2 s-1 for η-CuPc, with the η phase showing an average D (0.16 cm2 s-1) nearly ten times larger than that of the β phase (0.020 cm2 s-1). The enhanced transport in η-CuPc is attributed to a stronger excitonic coupling and greater intermolecular overlap. The broad distributions of D within each phase strongly correlated with nanofiber size, with longer fibers exhibiting reduced diffusion, likely due to molecular packing misalignments and shape-induced electronic variations. These findings highlight the essential roles of the crystalline phase and morphology in governing exciton transport in organic nanostructures.

ABSTRACT The present study reports the chemical synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and evaluation of selected biological properties of copper and nickel phthalocyanines bearing hexyl benzoate substituents. The newly synthesized phthalocyanine (Pc) complexes were characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. In addition to their structural analysis, the antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibiofilm, antimicrobial, microbial viability inhibition, and DNA cleavage activities of the 4HEBCu and 4HEBNi compounds were systematically investigated. 4HEBCu and 4HEBNi exhibited 22.35% and 81.29% antioxidant effects at 25 mg/L, respectively, while their antidiabetic activity was highly effective at 100% and 93.82% at 100 mg/L, respectively. All compounds were found to cause complete cleavage of DNA. 4HEBNi was determined to have superior antimicrobial properties compared with 4HEBCu. The compound 4HEBNi demonstrated the highest activity in inhibiting biofilms of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa . In addition, the activity of both compounds in inhibiting biofilm formation also increased after photodynamic therapy. The inhibition of microbial cell viability was 83.97% for 4HEBCu and 98.89% for 4HEBNi against E. coli at 25 mg/L.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a widely used photocatalyst, yet its activity is limited to ultraviolet light due to its large band gap. To extend absorption into the visible spectrum, this study developed a dual-sensitizer strategy by coupling perylene tetracarboxylic acid (PTCA) and copper phthalocyanine tetracarboxylic acid (CuPcTC) onto TiO2. Both dyes were selected for their strong visible light absorption, photostability, and efficient charge transfer properties. Hybrid photocatalysts were prepared via an ultrasonication–coprecipitation method and incorporated into coatings. Optical, morpho-structural, thermal, and electrochemical methods were used to characterize the hybrid photocatalysts, while photocatalytic performances were evaluated by UV–Vis spectroscopy, hydroxyl radical generation, and Methylene Blue degradation under simulated solar light. The dual-sensitized TiO2 composites exhibited broadened absorption across 400–750 nm, effective charge separation, and stable radical generation. Among the tested samples, the PTCA–CuPcTC hybrid (P3) demonstrated the highest activity, achieving efficient degradation of Methylene Blue with sustained performance over repeated cycles. Characterization confirmed uniform distribution of sensitizers, high crystallinity, and adequate thermal stability. These findings indicate that combining PTCA and CuPcTC provides synergistic benefits in light harvesting, charge transfer, and durability. The dual-sensitizer approach offers a promising route for visible-light-responsive photocatalysts in environmental remediation.

Laser-induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) coupled with dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry (DBDI-MS) has been developed as a novel technique for the direct detection of solid samples. LIAD is a "soft" desorption method that enables the volatilization of thermally labile and involatile compounds without significant degradation, while DBDI provides a gentle ionization process. Compared with laser desorption DBDI-MS (LD-DBDI-MS) or laser desorption ionization-MS (LDI-MS), this combination allows for the analysis of fragile molecules with minimal fragmentation. In this study, we optimized the LIAD-DBDI-MS system by adjusting key parameters such as the distance between the titanium foil and the ion source inlet, and the laser power density. The system was successfully employed for the analysis of melamine, copper phthalocyanine, and folic acid, demonstrating its capability to detect molecular species primarily as intact [M + H]⁺ or [M]⁻ ions with minimal or no fragmentation. The results highlight the potential of LIAD-DBDI-MS as a powerful tool for the analysis of complexes and fragile compounds in various fields, including pharmaceuticals and materials science.

Synthesis of a blue synergist for efficient and stable dispersion of copper phthalocyanine

In this study, Copper (Cu) phthalocyanine pigments, coded PD1 and PD2, were characterized, and the possibility of using them as blue colorants in gelatin-based materials for aquatic packaging was evaluated. Synthesized phthalocyanine pigments were compared with imported commercial PB15:1 (control) in terms of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) results, Cu, and ash content. It was found that the synthesized PD1 and PD2 samples were the ones closest to the commercial powder in terms of FTIR peaks, Cu amount, and HPLC results. The selected sample coded PD1 at 0.5 wt% with respect to the solution was further added to gelatin-containing solutions containing 10% and 5% glycerol, and dried films of GL10 and GL5 were obtained, respectively. Although the 10% glycerol-added film showed better color properties, L, a, b, Hue angle, and Chroma parameters were insignificant (p&gt;0.05). Tensile tests and creep/recovery curves showed that GL10 had 107% higher elongation at break, 29% lower Young’s modulus, and higher strain values compared to GL5, making it softer and more flexible. Deformation parameters such as hardness, chewiness, and gumminess were also compared at different deformation rates for the selected GL10 sample. Results indicated that blue pigment-added gelatin films can be used in aquatic food product packages.

A simple manually rotated paper-based analytical device with electrochemical sensors for the determination of nitrite and nitrate.

When developing new materials for organic electronics, understanding how they will perform and change over time is critical. Typical bias stress exposure experiments provide limited information on the materials’ performance in applications which involve multiple charging and discharging steps. Here, organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) are characterized for 48–72 h straight in air and in N2 using newly developed cyclic testing protocols that enable statistically significant evaluation of four different semiconductors by quantifying both, environmental and operational stress on their performance. It is demonstrated that the structure of the phthalocyanine leads to significant differences in response to bias stress, such as silicon bis(pentafluorophenoxy)phthalocyanine (F10‐SiPc) showing a much more air‐stable p‐type device compared to copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) and bis(pentafluorophenoxy) hexadecafluoro silicon(iv) phthalocyanine (F5PhO)2‐F16‐SiPc showing much more air‐stable n‐type performance compared to Copper(II) 1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,15,16,17,18,22,23,24,25‐hexadecafluoro‐29H,31H‐phthalocyanine (F16‐CuPc). Raman microscopy of the films revealed no changes in morphology. The devices are also modeled using the 2D finite‐element method, which suggests that most changes in device performance are due to fixed charges at the semiconductor/insulator interface. Overall, OTFT stress testing demonstrates, that important structure property relationships can be established between semiconductor molecular structure and device performance.

Preparation and properties of biomimetic CeO2NPs peroxidase compounded with copper phthalocyanine or cobalt phthalocyanine: quantitative detection of dopamine hydrochloride as an example

Optical heating coupled with near-infrared (NIR) light and photothermal materials enables local heating within biospecimens, minimizing undesirable thermal damage. Here, we demonstrated that photothermally heating lipid bilayers embedded with a phthalocyanine dye (VPc) efficiently perturbs the bilayers, resulting in increased permeability. Notably, microscopic studies revealed that the changes in membrane permeability may not follow the conventional mechanism of temperature-sensitive liposomes, which involve a bulk temperature increase that induces a phase transition across the entire lipid bilayer. Furthermore, the heat generated by NIR laser illumination rarely diffused into the surrounding environment, and the dye was located within the bilayers at the molecular level, where it effectively transferred heat to the lipid bilayer. We prepared VPc-embedded liposomes encapsulating acetylcholine (ACh) and demonstrated the NIR laser-triggered release of ACh, creating a concentration jump across a few cells or within a limited single cell region. This method induced Ca2+ flux through ACh receptor stimulation in thermally delicate biospecimens such as C2C12 myotubes and the Drosophila brain.

Background and Objectives: The efficacy of newly synthesized water-soluble octa-mercaptopyridine-substituted oxotitanium (IV) phthalocyanine (oxo-TiPc) and copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) compounds in photodynamic therapy (PDT) was investigated using human tongue squamous cell cancer cell line (SCC-9, ATCC) cultures. Materials and Methods: A laser light source with a wavelength of 635 nm was used for this study. The cytotoxic values of the cancerous (SCC-9) and healthy (L-929) cell samples to which different Pc concentrations were applied under laser light were evaluated spectroscopically with the XTT method. Results: The oxo-TiPc compound exhibited a significantly lower IC50 value (46.8 µM) for SCC-9 cells compared to the CuPc compound (286.2 µM), indicating higher anticancer activity. This cytotoxicity may be due to decreased aggregation and enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Double-staining tests confirmed that oxo-TiPc-induced cell death included both apoptosis and necrosis. Conclusions: The findings show that the oxo-TiPc compound, unlike the CuPc compound, exhibited more selective toxicity to the SCC-9 cell line and has a higher phototoxic effect.

Ammonia is a mainstay chemical for critical industries, including global food production, pharmaceuticals, and textile manufacturing.1 Annually, 175 million tons of ammonia are produced worldwide, with approximately 85% used to produce fertilizers essential for food security.2 However, the current production relies on the Haber-Bosch process, an energy-intensive method that operates at high pressures (150–300 bar) and temperatures (400–500 °C). This process consumes 1–2% of the global energy supply and emits over 1% of total global CO₂ emissions annually. Moreover, centralized production facilities require extensive distribution networks, further increasing carbon emissions.3,4 To meet the growing demand for ammonia, driven by population growth, increased food production needs, and emerging applications such as a hydrogen carrier, zero-carbon fuel, and power generation, finding sustainable production routes is crucial. For instance, the maritime sector alone is projected to consume 197 million metric tons of ammonia as fuel by 2050.5 While the demand for ammonia is expected to rise significantly to an estimated 688 million tons annually by 2050, this growth presents an opportunity to transition to green ammonia production methods that eliminate CO₂ emissions. Developing sustainable, decentralized, and energy-efficient ammonia synthesis pathways is essential to support its expanding role in global energy systems while achieving climate targets, such as those outlined in the Paris Agreement.6 An environmentally friendly alternative process is the electrochemical reduction of N₂ or nitrogen-containing compounds, such as nitrate, to produce ammonia using electricity generated from renewable energy sources.7,8 In this work, we developed phthalocyanine-based and porphyrin based molecular catalysts using copper tetraphenyl porphyrin (CuTPP), copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), iron tetraphenyl porphyrin (FeTPP), Iron phthalocyanine (FePc) with and without substituents, and carbon nanotubes and evaluated their performance toward the electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia. We aimed to provide insight into the effects of iron and copper active sites, chemical composition, and substituents on the performance of molecular catalysts on electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction and decipher the role of the parameters mentioned above on the activity and selectivity of the catalysts. We used from advanced X-ray absorption spectroscopy and post-mortem transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory (DFT) to unravel catalysts evolution under reaction conditions and investigate the reaction mechanism.

IntroductionMetal substituted phthalocyanines have many applications including pigments (1) as well as sensors and electronic applications (2). The present paper explores the electrochemical behavior of copper(II) phthalocyanine (CuPC) in both aqueous and nonaqueous (acetonitrile) media at glassy carbon and boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. It has been found in this laboratory that simply rubbing a glassy carbon (GC) or a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode on CuPC powder results in a surface deposit which allows electrochemical investigation. We report here the results of such investigations in aqueous 0.10 M KNO3 and acetonitrile/0.0M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA BF4). The goal was to gain a general understanding of CuPC electrochemistry and to assess the possibility of producing electrochemical responses for ballpoint pen ink lines on paper.ExperimentalWater was purified using a Barnstead E-Pure system. Acetonitrile (anhydrous) and CuPC were obtained from Sigma/Aldrich. Potassium nitrate (KNO3) was obtained from Fisher Scientific. Tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA BF4) was purchased from Sachem. Voltammograms were acquired using a Gamry Interface 1010E potentiostat, and potentials were measured against a Ag/AgCl reference electrode (eDAQ ET073). Glassy carbon (GC, 3 mm diameter) electrodes were purchased from BASi, and the BDD (3 mm diameter) electrode was obtained from eDAQ.Results and DiscussionConsidering that CuPC has very limited solubility in most solvents (2), an alternative method of investigating CuPC electrochemistry was used. In a manner similar to that previously reported for PtPC (3), the glassy carbon or BDD electrode was rubbed in a circular fashion on several milligrams of CuPC in a weighing boat. This action produced sufficient CuPC deposit on the electrode surface to give easily measured currents for the CuPC electrochemical response. Figure 1 shows a typical cyclic voltammogram for a CuPC deposit on glassy carbon at 100 mV/s in acetonitrile/0.10M TEA BF4. The initial positive-going potential sweep from 0.00 V shows an initial multi-component oxidation process at +1.4 V vs Ag/AgCl, followed by another less complicated oxidation process at +1.7 V, probably due to ligand-centered oxidations (2). On the reverse sweep, several reduction processes are observed. Scan reversal at +1.50 V showed that the peak at +1.40 V is coupled to the reduction peak at +0.92 V. The reduction process at -1.27 V is independent of the oxidation processes noted above, having a similar appearance when an initial negative-going sweep was used. A second sweep resulted in very little current in the voltammograms, showing that the CuPC redox processes cause the CuPC film to be released from the electrode. A similar voltammogram in aqueous 0.10 M KNO3 resulted in a series of poorly resolved oxidation processes in the +0.90 V to +1.50 V range, with virtually no reduction current on the return sweep. This observation is consistent with the lower potential range available in water compared to acetonitrile, and the possible interaction of water with the CuPC oxidation products. Experiments at BDD electrodes yielded mostly similar results. Finally, glassy carbon and BDD electrodes were rubbed on various blue ballpoint pen markings on copier paper, and voltammograms were obtained in aqueous 0.10 M KNO3. In some cases, broad oxidation processes were found in the +1.2 V to +1.4 V region. Such behavior shows the possibility of obtaining useful electrochemical signatures for ballpoint ink, which may prove useful for forensic investigations.ConclusionsUseful cyclic voltammetric behavior for CuPC on glassy carbon and boron-doped diamond electrodes has been observed in both aqueous 0.1M KNO3 and acetonitrile/0.1 M TEA BF4. Mechanical adhesion (ie, rubbing) of CuPC onto the electrode surfaces was employed due to the limited solubility of CuPC in these media. For some blue ballpoint pen inks on paper, voltammetric responses were obtained by the similar method of rubbing the electrodes on the paper samples.References Brunelle, R. L.; Crawford, K. R. Ink Chemistry. Advances in the Forensic Analysis and Dating of Writing Ink; Charles C Thomas, 2003; pp. 13-46L’Her, M and Pondaven, A., Electrochemistry of Phthalocyanines,in ”The Porphyrin Handbook,” Kadish, K., Smith, K., and Guilard, R., Eds., Academic Press, New York, 2003, Volume 16, Chapter 104, pp 117-151.Jiang, J. and Kucernak, A., Electrochimica Acta, 2000, 45, 2227-2239. Figure 1. Cyclic voltammogram of CuPC rubbed onto the surface of a glassy carbon (3 mm diameter) electrode in acetonitrile / 0.10 M TEA BF4. Scan rate: 100 mV/s. Figure 1

Abstract Copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) boasts the advantages of high stability and low materials cost, thus holding great promise for applications in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Although the CuPc thin films produced through thermal evaporation offer precise thickness control and high uniformity, interface incompatibility between CuPc and perovskite exerts a profound influence on the interfacial charge extraction and device performance. Here, a buffer layer strategy is developed by coating phosphorylcholine (PC) on the perovskite to modulate the vapor deposition growth of CuPc film and mitigate the mismatches at the contact interfaces. The PC functionalization promotes the transform of the perovskite surface to p‐type characteristics, realizing optimal energy band alignment and facilitating the hole extraction. Concurrently, the PC buffer layer enables the adjustment of molecular stacking modes toward a favorable face‐on orientation, which endows the PC‐modified CuPc film with elevated electrical conductivity for carrier transport. Consequently, the resulting PSCs based on PC achieve notable efficiency improvement from 11.24% to 20.23%, which represents the highest reported performance for conventional PSCs using vapor‐processed undoped hole transport materials. Most crucially, the unsealed PSCs retain more than 95% of their maximal efficiency after 4000 h of storage.