This study explores the integration of the educational philosophy of Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) with deep learning technologies for the development of high school English course resources. By introducing deep learning models, particularly the Transformer architecture, the study enables automatic generation and personalized delivery of instructional content, thereby enhancing the intelligence and relevance of course resources. An innovative Transformer-based framework incorporating STEAM-related semantic features is designed and implemented. The framework is trained on a large-scale, preprocessed English text dataset collected from 300 high school students participating in STEAM-integrated English learning tasks, with data from 150 students forming the core corpus for model training. The model employs an encoder-decoder architecture and is optimized using the Adam optimizer to support the generation of high-quality content tailored to diverse teaching objectives. Through on-site teaching experiments conducted with the 300 high school students, the results demonstrate that, the model's performance is rigorously evaluated through metrics such as Bilingual Evaluation Understudy score (0.78), innovation index (0.75), and content diversity (0.70). Results reveal that the proposed model outperforms comparative models (Model A and Model B) in language generation accuracy, innovation, and content diversity, highlighting its superior capability in producing high-quality English teaching resources. Although the model demonstrates promising results, its implementation in resource-limited environments presents challenges, highlighting the need for further refinements. Nonetheless, these findings demonstrate the model's potential to revolutionize English teaching by enhancing resource quality and offering a more efficient, innovative approach to course development.

The traditional teaching methods are difficult to conform to students’ ways of thinking and hard to meet teachers’ teaching demands. This work studies the teaching philosophy of Sciences, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM), a practice-oriented interdisciplinary education concept. This work focuses on the psychology of high school students’ English learning, emphasizing their learning interests and English evaluation criteria. It also introduces the STEAM education concept through task planning projects. In addition, the n-gram English learning evaluation model is integrated with the STEAM education concept. The proposed model cultivates senior high school students’ innovative thinking and comprehensive innovation ability. The analysis indicates that students’ innovative thinking has been enhanced across five aspects: flexibility, independence, openness, sophistication, and critical thinking. Moreover, their innovation ability is promoted through independent planning, novel method design, rich content, and comprehensive innovation. Therefore, the proposed STEAM model can provide students with a way of thinking in innovative education.

In this work, firstly the general definition of law and types of law are presented. Then general definition of justice and types of justice are explained. Constructional and/or complementary theories are defined as general/specific, and interaction theories, relationship theories, and hybrid theories are specifically mentioned. Accordingly, the interactions between the disciplines of law and justice are explained in more detail. Then, the general definition of engineering and philosophy of engineering are explained. The interactions between engineering and law are specifically evaluated, and interactions between engineering and 52 types of law are defined and case studies found in the literature are indicated for each. Then interactions between engineering and justice briefly mentioned. Relationships/interactions between engineering and 25 different types of justice discussed and evaluated with specific examples. Emphasis was placed on the historical development of the subject of philosophy in general, and philosophy of law was defined more specifically. Some of the philosophers of law and their areas of interest are presented in a table format and compared. The new perspective of philosophy was defined and the disciplines of R-Philosophy, RScience, R-Justice, R-Law, R-Engineering, and R-Religion were expressed with the relevant basic concepts. New Era Philosophy, new and reconstructed Basic Philosophies, and Ideal Philosophical System explained generally. New perspective for the philosophy of justice is defined by considering the related new theories. Philosophy of defense, philosophy of equity, philosophy of equivalence, philosophy of judgment, philosophy of law, philosophy of protection, philosophy of punishment, and philosophy of rights are defined due to new perspective of philosophy. Also, philosophy of engineering law, philosophy of information technology law, philosophy of telecommunication law, and philosophy of security are defined by taking into account hybrid philosophies and general theories related to them. The interaction of engineering, law, justice, and basic philosophies has been generally expressed.

In this work, a general definition, meaning, and importance of engineering are expressed generally, and the main branches of engineering are briefly discussed. The concept of technology is explored, and the relationship between engineering and technology is briefly outlined. The relationship between artificial intelligence and engineering is examined both generally and specifically. The place of artificial intelligence within science is evaluated according to different approaches. The general approach to philosophy and philosophy of science is briefly interpreted, and the perspectives of some specific philosophers of science are compared. The relationship between artificial intelligence and philosophy of science is examined in general terms according to various approaches. The meaning and importance of philosophy of engineering and philosophy of technology are then defined according to the general approach. The next section articulates the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence and the Artificial Intelligence of Philosophy using John McCarthy’s approach, and also defines the philosophy of artificial intelligence according to this general approach. The New Philosophy Perspective is then defined by the author, and the eight basic branches of Philosophy and Hybrid Philosophy, along with their relevant theories, are briefly outlined. A new perspective has been defined for Philosophy of Science which is one of the basic branches of philosophy. Accordingly, the main sciences, branches of science, and hybrid sciences for the new basic branches of philosophy have been outlined. The new branches of science and the corresponding hierarchy of sciences, based on the broader scale of the universe, have been defined, and the ideal scientific system has been illustrated. The next section briefly outlines the relationships between old and new branches of science. Finally, the structure of some old and new branches of philosophy is examined due to the new perspective of philosophy. The reconstructions of the Philosophy of Computer Science, Philosophy of Statistics, Philosophy of Monetary Values, Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence, Philosophy of Engineering, Philosophy of Information Technologies, Philosophy of Information Law, and Philosophy of Digital Technology, Philosophy of Digital Art, Philosophy of Architecture as defined by the new philosophical perspective, are outlined. The interaction of artificial intelligence philosophy with these branches of philosophy has been generally expressed.

Engineering Philosophy Benefiting All Under Heaven:On the Positioning of the Mo Jing as Classics for Engineering

ABSTRACT Can intelligent machines be morally considerable? Should they be? For environmental ethicists, the answer to both questions is plainly ‘no.’ That is, because artificial intelligence (AI) systems are neither alive nor natural they do not warrant moral concern. But these conclusions are not shared by philosophers of technology, who find artifacts in general and certain technological entities in particular eligible for moral status. In this essay, we seek to overcome this discrepancy by arguing that intelligent machines can and should be morally considerable. We show how environmental ethics has neglected important insights from philosophy of technology, inadequately assessed the status of technology in the Anthropocene, and failed to appreciate a pluriversal view of ethics. We illustrate the possibility and necessity of expanding the moral universe to include intelligent machines by presenting a most likely case for moral considerability under both environmental ethics and philosophy of technology – the xenobot.

This paper discusses the concepts and contents of the conceptual origin, evolutionary development and alienation expansion of small experimental buildings, and conducts in-depth analysis and discussion on the current small experimental buildings by centering on the axiology, epistemology and methodology of engineering philosophy, and finally returns to the analysis of the ontology structure technology of small experimental buildings. From the perspectives of axiology, epistemology and the historical, natural and practical views corresponding to the methodology of engineering philosophy, this paper analyzes various representative small-scale experimental building phenomena, and puts forward an experimental direction of small buildings with structural integration as the leading design. From the perspective of ontology of engineering philosophy, this paper further discusses the technical path of system integration of small experimental buildings by using the reductive analysis method of structural components. On this basis, it establishes a clear research system of small experimental buildings under the background of engineering philosophy, and provides directional guidance and specific technical realization strategies for the practice of small experimental buildings. Through in-depth analysis of small experimental buildings with structural integration design method from the perspective of engineering philosophy, the architectural design method guided by structure is established, and the structure is strengthened as the main control factor of architectural form and space, so as to put forward clear direction suggestions for domestic architectural design methods and promote the gradual updating of domestic design methods. Finally realize the social practice value of small experimental building research.

Abstract What values and goals should guide conceptual engineering projects? In this paper, we propose that insights from responsible design, specifically Value Sensitive Design (VSD), can enrich current approaches to conceptual ethics. Philosophers of technology have long employed VSD as a structured way to create technologies that address real‐world problems while accommodating stakeholder values. Meanwhile, conceptual engineers have focused on how best to revise, introduce, or eliminate concepts in response to theoretical or practical needs. By bringing these two literatures together, this paper offers a systematic, empirically informed way to assess and design concepts. The approach uses VSD‐inspired methods to identify and weigh stakeholder values, goals, and concerns. To illustrate how this works in practice, the paper examines the technologically disrupted concept “colleague.” When advanced technologies, like robots or chatbots, begin performing roles similar to those of human workers, can they be considered colleagues?

A technical drawing is a unique sign-symbolic system that enables the transmission of complex engineering ideas regardless of natural language and cultural context. A drawing serves as the universal language of technology, used for modelling, designing, and conveying technical information. Its sign system allows for encoding the spatial and functional characteristics of objects, making it the primary means of engineering communication. However, the philosophical dimension of this phenomenon remains underexplored. This study examines the drawing not merely as a technical tool but as a distinct form of language possessing its own semiotics, grammar, and communicative function. A philosophical-anthropological reflection on this language reveals its influence on the formation of contemporary engineering knowledge and highlights the role of technical drawing within the broader context of visual culture. The aim of this article is to analyse technical drawing as a unique visual-communicative system that serves as the foundation for transmitting technical information and developing engineering thought. To achieve this aim, we address the following objectives: to present a historical-philosophical retrospective of drawing as the “language of technology”; to examine drawing as a form of visual communication in the technical domain; to identify the semiotic characteristics and structural principles of drawing; to analyse the impact of drawing on engineering cognition and design; and to explore the prospects for the evolution of drawing in the digital era. The methodological framework of this study is based on an interdisciplinary approach encompassing the philosophy of technology, semiotics, cognitive science, and engineering. The application of philosophical analysis allows for the conceptualisation of drawing as a phenomenon that transcends its utilitarian function and shapes modes of knowing and constructing reality. Key findings. This article explores the phenomenon of technical drawing as a unique form of language within the visual-communicative space of engineering. The role of drawing as a universal sign-symbolic system that facilitates the transmission and preservation of technical information is analysed. The semiotic characteristics of drawing, its structural principles, and its impact on engineering cognition are examined. Additionally, the prospects for the development of drawing in the context of digitalisation, automation, and artificial intelligence are discussed. Conclusions. Drawing, as a form of visual-graphic communication, plays a fundamental role in technical and engineering thought. It integrates logical analysis with spatial representation, facilitating precise modelling, design, and construction of objects. Throughout its evolution, drawing has not only adapted to new technological conditions but has also retained its essential function as the universal language of engineering. A semiotic analysis of drawing reveals that it possesses its own grammar and syntax, akin to natur l languages, yet distinguished by its conciseness and precision. Its sign system effectively conveys technical information without the need for verbal explanation, rendering it a global medium of professional communication. Drawing is not merely a technical tool but a mode of thinking that integrates both analytical and intuitive levels of cognition. It functions as a conceptual language that shapes engineers’ cognitive processes, fosters the generation of new ideas, and influences the trajectory of scientific and technological progress. Thus, an exploration of the philosophical aspects of drawing enables a deeper understanding of its significance not only in the field of technology but also in culture and the epistemology of knowledge as a whole.

The widespread acceptance of empirically derived codal provisions and equations in civil engineering stands in stark contrast to the skepticism facing machine learning (ML) models – despite their shared statistical foundations. This paper examines this tension through the lens of structural engineering and explores how integrating ML confronts traditional engineering philosophies and professional identities. While recent efforts have documented how ML enhances predictive accuracy, optimizes designs, and analyzes complex behaviors, one might raise concerns about human intuition's diminishing role and algorithms' interpretability. To showcase this rarely explored front, this paper presents how ML can be successfully integrated into various engineering problems by means of formulation via deduction, induction, and abduction. Then, this paper identifies three principal paradoxes that could arise when adopting ML: analysis paralysis (increased prediction accuracy leading to a reduced understanding of physical mechanisms), infeasible solutions (optimization resulting in unconventional designs that challenge engineering intuition), and the Rashomon effect (where contradictions in explainability methods and physics arise). This paper addresses these paradoxes and argues the need to rethink shifts in engineering methodologies and engineering education and to harmonize traditional principles with ML.

As artificial intelligence systems grow in complexity, questions surrounding their potential for consciousness and identity have moved from speculative to essential. This paper investigates the theoretical and practical contours of AI consciousness and selfhood by integrating insights from neuroscience, philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and AI engineering. We examine the conceptual parallels and distinctions between human and machine consciousness, explore the evolving architectures of agentic AI systems, and assess how identity can emerge in artificial agents through mechanisms like memory, self-reflection, and narrative continuity. Building on this foundation, we propose a novel Consciousness–Linearity–Identity (CLI) framework that provides a structured method for evaluating emergent properties in AI. We address the ethical ramifications of AI systems that mimic or exhibit traits associated with consciousness and argue for a new socio-technical contract to govern human-AI interactions. This work concludes by calling for an interdisciplinary effort to shape the trajectory of AI development responsibly, with an emphasis on alignment, empathy, and shared understanding between natural and synthetic minds.

The University of Nebraska–Lincoln (UNL) instituted an Architectural Engineering (AE) program in 1999 and celebrated its 25th anniversary last year. Currently, there are only 39 ABET-accredited AE programs around the world, and very few of these include acoustics as a primary area of study in their curricula. Based in the city of Omaha, the Nebraska AE program has trained students in architectural acoustics and noise control from the program’s inception, offering opportunities to study acoustics within its multiple degree options (Bachelor of Science in Architectural Engineering, Master of Architectural Engineering, Master of Science in Architectural Engineering, and Doctor of Philosophy in Architectural Engineering). This presentation reviews the UNL AE program’s current acoustic courses, research interests, and facilities. Also highlighted are program alumni from the past quarter century. One unique aspect of the Nebraska AE program is that it is the only program to have received the $25 000 grand prize from the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) Engineering Education Award multiple times in the past decade.

This paper takes deep looking to relation between the philosophy and engineering. The paper introduces the philosophy as concept and also as haw to apply it in engineering and the importance of philosophy for engineering projects. It also answers the question why engineer should learn the philosophy. The application of philosophy in engineering and how to apply the five branches of philosophy in engineering. Also the paper answer the most important question of engineer in view of philosophy

Abstract Philosophers of technology have identified various mechanisms through which technology can change moral norms, values, beliefs and practices. Danaher and Sætra (2023) offer a useful systematization of these mechanisms, with no claim to being exhaustive. We contribute to their work by analyzing how the mediating role of moral concepts fits into this scheme. First, we point out that concepts mediate the moral effects of technological changes, a process we call conceptual mediation. We illustrate this with the concepts of ‘brain death’ and ‘reproductive autonomy’, whose moral implications crystallized in the interplay with new medical technologies. Subsequently, we argue that conceptual mediation is best understood as a type of second-order mediation, which channels the moral implications of the first-order technological mediations identified by Danaher and Sætra (decisional, relational, perceptual). We conclude that second-order mediation plays a central and underappreciated role in processes of technomoral change.

The philosophy of engineering is a philosophical branch that emerged at the beginning of the 21st century. Many people mistakenly believe that engineering is a pure application of science, which blocks the possibility of establishing philosophy of engineering as an independent branch of philosophy. At the beginning of the 21st century, scholars from both the East and the West gained a new understanding of engineering, giving rise to the philosophy of engineering. In the process of pioneering the philosophy of engineering, Chinese engineers and philosophers worked closely together and were at the forefront of the field development. Chinese scholars have established a theoretical framework for the philosophy of engineering, including five theories, namely the triism of science, technology and engineering; engineering ontology; engineering epistemology; the methodology of engineering; and the theory of engineering evolution, through approximately twenty years of academic exploration. The rich and profound content of the philosophy of engineering fully demonstrates that it is a philosophical branch on par with the philosophy of science and the philosophy of technology and cannot be regarded as merely an affiliated or derivative part of philosophy of science. As an emerging branch of philosophy, the philosophy of engineering is constantly evolving. One of its latest developments is the study of engineering ecology. Looking ahead to the future, the philosophy of engineering holds significant importance and is bound to have brilliant prospects.

The issue of revolutions and evolutions in science and society has been a focal point of intense scrutiny among researchers in science and technology studies. Methodologists have developed models of scientific revolutions that significantly influence shifts in the worldview, directions of scientific inquiry, and the ideals and norms of science. However, technological revolutions – which alter the living environment and induce transformations in sociality and consciousness – remain an understudied area. As early as the beginning of the 20th century, scientific and technological progress elicited ambivalent attitudes among philosophers of technology, scientists, and literary figures. By the early 21st century, the divide between techno-optimists and techno-pessimists had intensified. Issues of technocenosis (B.I. Kudrin) and technological determinism have come to the forefront in debates within the social philosophy of technoscience. By the 21st century, a vast sociotechnical organism had emerged, integrating science, technology, education, politics, economics, business, industry, society, and culture. The phenomenon of technoscience prompts reflection on the changing nature of revolutionary and coevolutionary processes in this interconnected world. With the accelerating pace of technogenic civilization, scientific and technological revolutions have assumed a permanent and cascading character – on the one hand, accelerating the dynamics of social transformations (the positive pole), while on the other, generating risk scenarios that demand breakthroughs and new revolutionary solutions (the negative pole). Thanks to the major technological revolutions of the 20th and early 21st centuries, everyday life has acquired new social qualities, such as technologically enabled unrestricted global mobility, interconnectedness, accelerated development, and enhanced comfort. A pressing issue today is the governance of the coevolution of technoscience, society, and culture. In addressing the challenges of harmonizing the sociotechnosphere, a key role must be played by humanitarian technologies of synthesis culture – approaches oriented toward cooperation in the name of peace and the common good.

In the paper, the touchstone points of the project “Towards an agency-based philosophy of (advanced) technology” are outlined. The main plot of this elaboration concerns human-machine interactions and appropriate interpretation of reciprocal aligning, adapting within involved into such interactions agents; as well as the status as such of being an agent. Into the theoretical and historical background of the project such spheres as Philosophy of Science, Philosophy of Technology, Philosophy of Engineering and Design Technological Actions, STS (Science and Technology Studies), Applied Ethics etc. could be invited. To treat agency as technology, reestablish the role of agency in technology is the most ambitious goal of the project: ‘activity as technology’ focuses on activities through technologies. The terms «agency» and «activity» are used in this paper synonymously with the basic Aristotelian meaning of agent’s potential capacity to act. The proposed by the author theory of action and agency (and correspondently defended in 2016 dissertation of Doctor of Philosophical Science) is to be applied into philosophical reflections about various problems of dealing with currently continually appearing flourishing fields of artificial intelligence, machine learning (including deep learning methods and simulation methods), inventing computers and codes, numerically controlled machines and robots, computer-chip equipped devices, smart objects etc.

Brief for Political Philosophy of Engineering and Technology

This study delves deeply into the integration of consumer behavior science and engineering philosophy, analyzing its theoretical foundation, system architecture, influencing factors, process mechanism, application value, as well as the challenges it faces and the corresponding coping strategies. By integrating multidisciplinary knowledge, a comprehensive theoretical framework is constructed to provide new insights for the study of consumer behavior from a philosophical perspective, promote the academic development of related fields, and offer theoretical guidance for consumption practices.

This study aimed to explore the philosophy of technology with a focus on AI, considering perspectives from engineering and the humanities and their integration in this AI era. The main research questions were: How does engineering philosophy view the development and potential of AI? How does the humanistic philosophy critically evaluate the impact of AI on human life? What insights can be gained by integrating these perspectives? The study’s conclusions are as follows: First, engineering technology philosophy takes an optimistic view of AI development, emphasizing technological advancement and future potential. Engineers prioritize innovation, efficiency, and the functionality of AI systems, envisioning transformative impacts across various domains, including healthcare, transportation, and education. Second, the humanistic philosophy takes a critical and reflective approach, evaluating AI’s impact on human life and society. This perspective highlights concerns related to ethics, bias, autonomy, and social justice. Third, a comprehensive understanding of AI can be achieved by integrating engineering and humanities perspectives. This integration enables the development of AI technologies that are not only technologically robust but also ethically sound and socially responsible. Such integration fosters human-centered AI systems that augment human capabilities while preserving autonomy and dignity. Future research suggestions include: from an engineering perspective, exploring ethical considerations in the design and implementation of AI algorithms; from a humanistic perspective, examining AI’s impact on human identity and society; and from an integrated perspective, conducting longitudinal research evaluating AI’s long-term societal impact.