Crisis Phenomenon Research Articles

Singularity and the Open-Ended Crisis

Abstract The study aims at investigating the phenomenon of crisis in the intersection of three areas: simulation, singularity and temporality. The argument develops a theory of the singular crisis whose instances are demonstrated and proved by the American thriller, Take Shelter (2011, Jeff Nichols). The applied concept of crisis is based on the argument that any critical period is treated by models derived from earlier crises. The theoretical background to the simulated operating mechanisms of the crisis is Jean Baudrillard’s and Gilles Deleuze’s appropriations of simulation and simulacra. In case the simulated problem-solving patterns fail in a critical period, the singular characteristics of the crisis can be observed. Based on examples taken from the film, the article argues that reaction to any given crisis is essentially built up by both hyperreal patterns governed by simulation and singular elements that simulation cannot account for. The description of the temporal nature of crises is heavily dependent on interpretation, thus their temporal span is observed from the vantage point of their singular characteristics. The study argues that crises are characteristically open-ended but their endpoint is predominantly designated in hindsight to render the crisis as a finished time period for the sake of manageability.

Moral orientations as a factor of family self-determination development of modern students

Introduction. The phenomena of the family-demographic crisis in modern society make it necessary to study socio-psychological factors determining the actualisation and development of family self-determination of young people in the context of digital socialisation. Within the framework of digital socialisation, an open and contradictory information space determines the nature of marriage and family ideas, which are the indicative basis for the implementation of family behaviour by young men and women.Aim. The aim of the research is to identify the features of family self-determination of Russian students, who have different moral orientations and personality types in adolescence and early adulthood.Methodology and research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study consists of: cultural-historical theory of psychological development and the doctrine of a psychological age by L. S. Vygotsky; age and psychological approach to the analysis of mental development in ontogenesis; theories of family self-determination of the individual; the concept of personality orientation by B. S. Bratus; concepts of moral self-determination by A. B. Kupreichenko, A. E. Vorobieva, Q. Guo, P. Sun, M. Cai, X. Zhang, K. Song; theories of prosocial behaviour by K. R. Bell, C. J. Showers; L. Kamas, A. Preston. The study involved 490 students, mostly enrolled in the humanities educational programmes. To achieve the goal, the author applied theoretical and methodological analysis of scientific literature; methods of comparison, generalisation, concretisation; psychodiagnostic method and mathematical and statistical methods of data processing.Results. The conducted research has shown that the dominant moral orientation of the personality in adolescence and early adulthood is a peace-building orientation. As a result of comparative analysis of the structural and content characteristics of family self-determination depending on personal moral orientation at different stages of age development, general and specific features were identified. The invariant characteristic is manifested in the fact that in the humanistic orientation there is a high importance of the value of happy family life; in the peace-building orientation – the strength of roles claims in the sphere of social activity for the stability of marriage and family relations, the importance of such marriage motives as self-actualisation and security; the probability of marriage regulated by unproductive feelings of revenge increases in the egocentric orientation. Adolescence is a sensitive period to form a cognitive component of family self-determination of student youth through the development of spiritual and moral sphere. The period of early adulthood is the most sensitive for the development of value-emotional and regulatory-behavioural component of family self-determination as a result of purposeful education of humanistic and peace-building orientation of students’ personality.Scientific novelty of the research lies in the establishment of the connection between the moral orientation of the personality and meaningful characteristics of family self-determination of students in adolescence (17–19 years) and early adulthood (20–22 years).Practical significance. The research materials and findings can be used for creating the education programmes in the organisations of higher education and for planning measures to preserve and develop traditional family values in the youth environment.

Innovative Methods of Assessing the Efficiency of Internet Communications of Enterprises

There are a large number of marketing communication tools that can increase the competitiveness of the enterprise by representing the advantages of the enterprise or its product over competitors on the Internet market. The main forms of enterprise promotion on the Internet are the website of the enterprise, search engine marketing, external company`s activity on the Internet, brand promotion on the Internet, Rich-media. The Internet, as a platform for advertising, is ahead of other media in terms of growth. Therefore, assessing the efficiency of advertising, in particular Internet advertising, as a tool for enhancing the product competitiveness, is an important task for business specialists. In analysing the advertising activities of domestic enterprises, we see that tools such as print, television and radio advertising are less in demand among advertisers, while the volumes of Internet advertising are growing many times over. It is obvious that the pandemic crisis phenomenon caused by the covid-19 virus affected the working innovative methods of enterprises of all spheres and industries, many of them switched to remote work, separate from the consumer, and consumers physically distanced themselves for security purposes and began spending more time on the Internet and on social networks. The study improved the innovative methods of assessing the efficiency of the implementation of Internet communications using indicators "Objectives and key result - OKR", "Key performance indicators - KPI", "Key success indicators - KSI", "Balanced score cards - BSC", "Search distribution coefficient ","Net Promoter Score", "Number of subscribers/channels", "Share of valuable outputs" as criteria. The importance of assessing business process and effective functioning of key indicators is substantiated, its measurement requirements are determined. All indicators are considered over time in order to be able to justify their value, to track the change of indicators in the dynamics, as all indicators should stimulate the implementation of important actions for the enterprise.
 Keywords: Internet marketing, Internet communications, methods of assessing the efficiency of Internet communication tools

Role of Financial Managers in Post Corona Business

The phenomenon of the financial crisis is an issue that itself is the consequence and effect of the economic misconduct of the world’s monetary powers is along with a severe recession in stock markets, oil prices falling, declining industrial production, the bankruptcy of banks and large industrial enterprises, and finally, in a word, it is accompanied by a sharp decline in economic growth and ultimately economic instability, in a word, a Severe decline sharp decline in wealth and unemployment, and intense decline in Economic growth and, ultimately, economic instability. A clear example of this damage and turmoil can be seen in the crisis caused by the outbreak of the Coronavirus, which has caused severe damage to the global economy and business .Meanwhile, companies and institutions became convinced of the importance of finance and its efficient management. There is no doubt that the success and recovery from this crisis of all businesses depend on the CFO and their key tasks. It becomes even more important in many small and large companies that do not have the ability to check their accounts and books and are unable to pay debts and settle and accounts, in addition to being one of the main needs of start-ups to continue his activity and life Rescue from the dire financial situation one after another has made the role of financial manager more prominent. As the emergence of financial crises caused by the coronavirus in general in the world has shifted all its attention and reliance on financial managers and their vital role the need to take measures to prevent and deal with the crisis by consultants and financial managers. As the of financial crises caused by the coronavirus the world in general, all the attention and reliance on financial managers and their vital role has become more prominent, the need for measures to prevent and deal with the crisis by financial advisers and managers he does. As the emergence of financial crises caused by the corona virus in general around the world has shifted all its attention and reliance on financial managers and their vital role. It necessitates the adoption of measures to prevent and deal with the crisis by financial advisers and managers. Therefore, considering this issue, the need to study the crisis and the role of financial managers in overcoming financial crises becomes more apparent. Therefore, in this review and library article, first a definition of financial crisis is presented and then the role of financial managers in post-corona business is studied and examined.

Rate of Profit, Wages, and Crisis A Marxist Perspective of The Theory of Crisis

The goal of this paper is two-fold. First, the paper aims to discuss Karl Marx’s theory of the falling rate of profit and the alternate, probably inconsistent, Marxian theory of crisis based on the rise of wages. Second, the paper examines the relevance of these theories in our days by reviewing important literature on both classical and neoclassical analysis of crisis. A thorough review of literature revealed that Marx’s focus was to provide a real science that explains the phenomena of recurrent crisis in the capitalist society, as opposed to explaining specific incidents that triggers a certain crisis. Marx viewed the capitalist crisis as an endogenous function to the capitalist society itself

Accounting in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Recapitulation and Romanian Perspectives

Until recently, the entire world has faced an unprecedented crisis phenomenon, the COVID-19 pandemic. Accounting represents an ever-changing field, and the crisis generated by the coronavirus has determined the multiplication of the accounting tasks, the highlighting of aspects requiring improvement and, at the same time, the use of the professional judgement in view of making the new accounting records necessary in that period. The main purpose of this article is to present the accounting in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and its objectives are illustrating the changes occurred in the accounting during the crisis period, to render examples of accounting monographs regarding the economic and financial operations related to the specificities of the COVID-19 period, as well as to propose measures for improving the accounting activity within the entities, in order to optimize their operation both in the pandemic and in the post-pandemic period. By analysing the proposed aspects, we shall render the current image of accounting, we shall identify the aspects requiring improvement, as well as the guidelines for their achievement, so that the professional accountants, the students and the concerned persons may create an opinion on the accounting reality.

The Phenomenon of Crisis of Religious Understanding in the Midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Covid-19 affects the established order of worship. Muslims are required to wear masks, keep their distance, and eliminate greetings during congregations. At certain times, mosques are also required to close temporarily to prevent the spread of the virus. In fact, these rules are not obeyed by the Muslim community in the city of Pekalongan, in fact, some pilgrims oppose it. This study aims to analyze the relationship of health protocol practice with religious understanding and the role of mosques in helping victims affected by covid-19. The study uses qualitative methods in which the main data in the form of words and actions are taken using observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data in the form of words was taken using interview techniques to 27 pilgrims. The data in the form of actions was taken using observation techniques by observing religious phenomena in 12 mosques. Both data are documented using recordings and images as a form of data validation. The results of this study showed a crisis of religious understanding experienced by mosque administrators and worshippers. The management is adamant not to close the mosque in the midst of the pandemic and is reluctant to allocate infaq to the social realm of victims affected by covid-19. The pilgrims are divided into three groups: trust, doubt, and distrust of the coronavirus. However, it does not affect the effectiveness of preventive measures instructed by the government. Most pilgrims apply health protocols. Some pilgrims also consider sharia rules to be above government rules, so religious activities must still be carried out

Transformation of the Political Parties of the EU Member States

The study aims to provide an analysis and systematize the complex of factors influencing the transformation of party systems. We attempt to identify the relationship between their general and specific influences in particular countries to explore the transformation process's general patterns and national characteristics in European Union's political spaceion. This study's method is based on an overview of the unique bibliography collected by the researchers, which includes sources devoted to the study of foreign parties and party systems in the European Union by modern political scientists. The analysis shows the specification of internal and external factors that influence the adaptation of the political parties and systems to the EU's changing situation, country, and society. The modern transformation of political parties and party systems in the EU is caused by the phenomenon of globalization, the financial and economic crisis of 2008-2009, the overlapping migration crisis of 2015-2026, Brexit and changes in the institutional environment, and the democratic deficit in the EU itself. The obtained results have verified the research hypothesis. This study discussed modern tendencies in the transformation of political parties and political space in the European Union under the influence of different, controversial but discrete factors of development and complete explanation about the essence of new types of political parties

Introduction: Replication of Crises - Interdisciplinary Reflections on the Phenomenon of the Replication Crisis in Psychology

The replication crisis has preoccupied psychology for over a decade and has led to many reform proposals. In this Special Issue, we argue that a reflexive discussion of both the replication crisis and possible reforms is crucial. With the plural ‘replication of crises’ in the title, we want to make clear that the current crisis is more than one. What is perceived as a crisis varies depending on the scientific field, theoretical background, and epistemological perspective. As a consequence, this Special Issue aims to promote both an intra-disciplinary dialogue between scientific and theoretical psychology, and an inter-disciplinary dialogue between psychology, the humanities and the social sciences. The individual contributions focus on three central questions: (1) What is specific about the replication crisis in psychology? (2) What are the connections between the replication crisis in psychology and that in other scientific fields? (3) What are possible underlying causes of the replication crisis in psychology, and what are the opportunities for improvement? Although each of the articles offers a unique and sometimes challenging perspective to understanding the replication crisis, they all share the assumption that we need to reflect in order to learn and improve.

Principles of anti-crisis management of the enterprises

The article examines the expediency of using anti-crisis management as a system of measures for predicting and overcoming existing crisis phenomena, examines of the principles of anti-crisis management in the modern economic environment. Currently, enterprises are most prone to crisis situations in their activities, taking into account the peculiarities of the economic situation in the country. An important component of anti-crisis management is science-based forecasting, systematic analysis and assessment of factors that are early markers of possible crisis situations and probable consequences related to this. It is very important to focus attention in anti-crisis management on the initial stages of activity formation. That is why one of the advantages is the prediction of potentially dangerous factors in order to prevent them and eliminate them even before they appear, or in the early stages of their formation. One of the main principles of anti-crisis management is scientifically based forecasting of a possible crisis phenomenon, which is related to internal or external factors, namely: economic, financial, political, social, labor, environmental and other components. A necessary component is control over the intermediate stages of the enterprise’s activity, over the introduction of innovations, new marketing ways with the constant possibility of their local adaptation, in order to satisfy the required final result. It is important to assess shortcomings, but also to determine positive, competitive advantages, strategic potential relative to already existing working competitors on the market. Formulated principles of anti-crisis management allow systematic analysis, timely influence and controlled elimination of crisis phenomena with a clearly defined prospective focus on the post-crisis activity of the enterprise.

CRISIS IN ENTERPRISE – THE ESSENCE AND NECESSITY OF MANAGEMENT

The article considers the theoretical prerequisites for crisis management in business. The relevance this problem studying is outlined by the crisis manifestation permanence during all the years of Ukraine independence. Having analyzed the processes of emergence and passage of the crisis, their appearance was identified not because of socio-economic changes in society (they always humanity accompany), but because of inability to detect, control and respond to imbalances in the enterprise management system. Often, the “crisis” is a “turning point”, “negative process”, “exacerbation of contradictions in the system”, “evolutionary process of enterprise development”, “stage of the enterprise life cycle”, “potential for change”, “random factor”. It should be emphasized that to describe the crisis of the enterprise are often used as equal concepts “crisis phenomenon”, “crisis situation”, “crisis situation”, “crisis”. However, they all differ in time and consequences for the system. When forming anti-crisis policy in the enterprise, any problem in any business process, which is left without attention and analysis now, in the future has every chance to turn into a crisis. Crises in the company are different in nature, causes and consequences. Therefore, the success of crisis management depends on the timely recognition of symptoms. Understanding the causes of the crisis (disease) will help to invent a “cure” – counter-shock or anti-crisis measures. There should be a specific list of anti-crisis actions for each type of crisis and its stage. Therefore, in our opinion, crisis management is a set of timely point management measures to diagnose, neutralize, prevent and overcome crises at a particular stage of the crisis in the subordinate system in conditions of risk and uncertainty.

Return to structural criticism: is the synthesis of criticism and crisis possible again in “late” capitalism?

Retrospection and transformation of the phenomena of criticism and crisis in social theory in recent decades have led to the weakening and even ?illegitimate? renunciation of the said doublet. The paper presents an analysis of the renewal of discourse on criticism/crisis and its effects with special consideration of the possibilities of structural criticism. We included several authors of recent analyses as well as the viewpoints that have led to reconsideration of historical and analytical dynamics of two categories, structure and conjuncture, as a form of analysis of current structural processes in terms of structural analysis and criticism. The paper comprises three parts. The first part is a reflection on the reason criticism and crisis have been subjected to different processes of derogation despite their original connection. In the second part, we show the effects of different ways that crisis has manifested itself in capitalism and explain its dispersive and ?non-punctual? modalities. The third part raises the question of chances of reuniting the crisis and ?immanent criticism? based on structural criticism, and we further articulate its connections with immanent criticism. Structural criticism is viewed as a connection between immanent criticism and transcendent orientation that is focused on the reconnection between crisis and criticism, the elements related to capitalism.

European unity, modern Greek identity and historicization of the Past : the 'Greek crisis' as perceived in contemporary literary texts

The aim of this article is to examine the Greek and international aesthetic reaction to the phenomenon of the economic crisis. By examining Greek and international literary texts that depict Greece during the era of austerity, I attempt to explain how crisis is perceived in the literary field. Thus, I aspire to analyse the way in which this literature negotiates the terms economy, crisis, Europe, power and past. At the same time, I discuss contemporary literary images of the Greek Other; through a comparative study of Greek and international relevant texts, I aim to highlight the political and ideological rhetoric of the texts under examination, as well as the perception of crisis as a global issue, rather than a 'Greek adventure'. In that sense, the authors under examination do not simply dramatise the traumatic events of the recession, but they also suggest a broader definition of crisis, as a global phenomenon, discussing aspects of the contemporary European South and its balance with the European North.

ДОВКОЛОМОВНІ ГІБРИДНІ НАРАТИВИ В РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ПРОТИСТОЯННІ

The article considers language-related Hybrid narratives that spread in the Ukrainian infospace during the period of independence as an element of Russia's hybrid war. Narrative is a cognitive structure that determines the worldview of a certain circle of individuals and is formed by modeling the semantic field of infospace. Hybrid narratives spread simplistic and primitive ideas, distort the rational perception of reality, often replacing it with an irrational reaction. Due to this, they became an effective tool of RF in deepening internal conflicts and intensifying crisis phenomenon in Ukrainian society. Russia has identified the Russian-speaking population of other countries (especially post-Soviet countries) as one of the main factors of its geopolitical influence in the world, so it is the most active in broadcasting language-related hybrid narratives. In particular, in the Ukrainian information space, there are mobilization narratives that are aimed to unite around the idea of "protection of the Russian language and violated rights of Russianspeakers" (narratives on a common language space, second official language, hostility between Russian-speaking East of Ukraine and Ukrainianspeaking West, etc.) and discrediting narratives on Ukrainian as a national language (about its lack of prospects, provincialism, etc.). Pro-Russian political forces, mass media, the Russian national minority and Russian-speaking Ukrainians, representatives and products of popular culture, etc. become the tools of translation of these stories. Against the backdrop of Russia's clear stance that it views the Russian-speaking population of other countries as a means of geopolitical influence and the use of language-related narratives in its aggression against Ukraine, in Ukraine, at the political level, support for the state language has not yet been identified as a priority security issue and the state has actually existed within the limits set by Russian hybrid narratives, or revived at various stages as a stabilizing Soviet narrative of "two languages – one folk".

Reflection and reconstruction of acquaintance society in the Post-Pandemic era

China, as a country in the transition period of stranger society, has shown a crisis of trust and social panic among people during the COVID-19 epidemic. Under the increasingly cold social interaction, the traditional acquaintance society is breaking down. However, China has local social origin, the advantages of acquaintance society can not be ignored, so we should build a new form of acquaintance society to cope with the social crisis brought by the outbreak. This paper will conduct research from three dimensions. First, it will understand the crisis phenomenon in the social transformation of strangers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, the social panic caused by the stranger society during the COVID-19 pandemic, China's local roots and the necessity of establishing new acquaintance society. Finally, from the macro, medium and micro perspectives, the innovative path of building a new acquaintance society in the Post-Pandemic era is elaborated.

REPORTING ON CORONAVIRUS USING THE EXAMPLE OF SPANISH MEDIA EL PAÍS, LA VANGUARDIA Y 20 MINUTOS

The topic of this paper is the reporting of media on the coronavirus and side phenomena of global sanitary crisis caused by COVID-19 at the example of three Spanish daily magazines (online versions): El País, La Vanguardia and 20 minutos. We have analysed the articles published during 2020. The aim of this paper is to present similarities and differences in media coverage of the topic of coronavirus using the example of three media outlets with large influence, but with a different level of credibility. We have selected four texts from each newspaper, one for each of four key phases of the pandemic. According to our methodology, these phases are: first outbreak of contagion in China, first confirmed death in Spain, declaration of state of alarm and lockdown and the first end of state of alarm and lockdown on June 21st 2020. We also analysed twelve more articles, using the inductive, deductive and comparative method, that inform about various aspects of life in the time of the pandemic: civil rights (especially curfew), public health, economy and celebrities tested positive for coronavirus. During the analysis, we have focused on the elements of journalistic language, as well as the ethics of journalists’ gaze at COVID-19. We have taken into consideration some linguistic elements like: evidentiality, combination of formal, neutral and informal speech, eufemism and political correctness, metaphore, word order, neologisms, verb forms, graphostylistic marks.

Sustainable development and new forms of work. A scenario of common, basic challenges for public and private players (International Labour Forum – Academic Discussion «Employment and the Labour Market: Contours of De-Standardisation» St.Petersburg, 23 Apr

The article illustrates the implications for the world of work of two decisive factors of change in the global situation: the joint commitment of states to promote sustainable development according to the normative guidelines of the United Nations and the effects of the pandemic crisis. It proposes the reference to the institutionalist theoretical approach as the most appropriate to provide a valid interpretation of the diversity of orientations in economic and social development policies, including labour policies, which occur on the global scene. The article presents the analyzes on the professions of the future and the relative employment prospects for 2030 contained in two studies developed in Italy on the basis of predictive models that applied specific Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, officially presented in the first half of 2021. Presented research recalls the ultimate meaning of the phenomenon of structural crisis, the value of institutionalist theory in understanding the complexity of the processes of development, and progress of communities and, in the context of the choice for sustainability, the importance of the changes that lie ahead in the world of work in relation to the specific green and digital transition processes currently promoted by the states. Article’s findings may stimulate research on predictive models in the field of employment and new professions projected beyond short-term trends, in the broader dimensions of perspectives and scenarios

PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD IQBAL TENTANG PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN ERA DISRUPSI

Abstract: Muhammad Iqbal is a Philosopher and education’s figure. His saveral ideas are about character education and education of creativity. Disruption era brings a complex problem, especially in moral and character development. The deterioration of student’s moral value will be a trigger to make attitude and behavior that doesn’t suit with spiritual value or the oble values of Indonesian nation. Therefore, character development in disruption era be a very important discussion. This research aims to analyze Muhammad Iqbal’s views of character education that relevance to disruption era. The research’s method is library research with data collection techniques from any references such as books, journals, newspaper, and others articles. This research used descriptive analysis technique. The results is according to Muhammad Iqbal’s thoughts that character education is an effort to prevent the moral crisis phenomenon on students that relevant at disruption era. Impementation of the character education is with modelling of positive character and behavior, development self-awareness about human essence as insan kamil, and developement the tolerance.

Modeling of Crisis Processes in the Financial Market

Global liquidity shortage as well as the availability on the market of overpriced assets and derivatives led to the situation where the global economy depends primarily on liquidity, becoming prone to chain-consistent world crises. Only for the last 15 years, the world has witnessed a continuous series of crises. Therefore, the study of the processes and phenomena of crisis is one of the most important scientific and practical tasks. The aim of this work consisted in the development of methods and models for the early detection of crises in the economy. The significance of the work is to develop an econometric model and tools for detection of crisis.

The Phenomenon of the Corona-virus Crisis in the Essays of Students of Leisure Education at the Faculty of Theology of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice

The topic of the corona-virus crisis is current and data on the ways in which individual students experience this crisis and the impact on their studies or profession are not yet known. The conducted qualitative survey is therefore devoted to experiencing this crisis from the perspective of students and the importance of the foundations of their attitudes in coping with this challenging situation. Students of the bachelor’s programme Leisure Education were given an assignment – an authorial essay on the topic ‘I, my profession, and covid’. This was then phenomenologically analysed in order to determine the subjective level of experiencing the crisis. From a sample of 182 essays, seven more general attitude codes were read. They illustrate students’ experiences and the way of coping with this phenomenon (using one’s personal attitude) and show the advantage of certain attitude codes (personal settings) for coping with a long-term crisis. The implications of the results are possible at two levels: they offer a methodological opportunity in comparative studies with the expected concurrent (methodologically differently constructed) studies of the corona-virus crisis and also point to the need for an active personal setting in a long-term crisis.