Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector Research Articles

A REVIEW OF THE SUSTAINABILITY - CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

Climate change, the number of the global population, and the diversity of activities with an impact on the planet have been on an upward slope, which requires taking preventive measures and changing from a social, economic, and environmental perspective, thus meaning that the adoption of a sustainable lifestyle is necessary. This study provides a review of the literature on the adoption of the circular economy and sustainability concepts in the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. This study aims to qualitatively assess the need to implement sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry, given that the latter has a significant environmental impact on human existence. In this study, the “Web of Science," "Scopus,” databases, and “Springer Publishing” are used, from which works are extracted based on the keywords sustainability in the pharmaceutical industry and circular economy in the pharmaceutical industry, following the evolution of works written in the last ten years on this topic. The most relevant approaches of the authors to this topic are presented. It can be seen that this topic is one discussed by an important category of researchers, especially in countries where the need for medicines is greater due to the standard of living, such as those in Asia, for example. The research can also be extended to other databases using the same keywords or words related to sustainability or circular economy in the pharmaceutical industry.

“Emerging Occupational Risks in a Pharmaceutical Company Under Industry 4.0: An Assessment Using TICHNER and HIRAC Tools”

Abstract: The integration of Industry 4.0 technologies within the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector aligns with broader industrial objectives, aiming to enhance productivity and adaptability while meeting challenging standards for product quality and diversity while maximizing efficiency. However, this shift is not risk-free. This particularly concerns the well-being of workers which is one of the top concerns shared by manufacturers. As the industry navigates this transition, it is imperative to prioritize the safety of personnel. The rapid pace of technological innovation within pharmaceutical manufacturing carries significant implications, introducing new and emerging risks. Consequently, proactive identification and assessment of these potential threats are essential to effectively mitigate their impact and ensure preparedness for forthcoming changes. To address this gap, this study provides an approach for identifying potential sources and significant factors contributing to its increasing risks in implementing Industry 4.0 in manufacturing industries. This set of sources and factors was evaluated in a medium-sized pharmaceutical manufacturing company aided by TICHNER and HIRAC Tools through a mixed-method approach. The combination of these tools facilitates the identification, characterization, and analysis of new and emerging risks associated with Industry 4.0 implementation. The findings of the study showed that Psychosocial Hazards and Work Experience/ Knowledge are the most common potential sources of Psychological Risks, Unemployment, and Need for Qualified Workers. The approach will allow manufacturers to proactively manage the new and emerging challenges brought by Industry 4.0 and safeguard the well-being of the workforce.

Enhancing Organizational Resilience to Climate Change through Smart Business: An Empirical Study of the Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector

Enhancing Organizational Resilience to Climate Change through Smart Business: An Empirical Study of the Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector

Moving Towards Industry 5.0 in the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector: Challenges and Solutions for Germany

Emergence of industry 5.0 facilitates real-time synchronisation of production processes, which helps with the production of customized products. Although industry 5.0 can revolutionize the landscape of goods production, still its adoption is in the infancy stage. Hence, the purpose of this article is to examine barriers that impede the adoption of industry 5.0, and to propose solution initiatives (SIs). After an in-depth literature review and interviews with German industry experts in pharmaceutical sector, barriers and SIs are ranked using an integrated Analytical hierarchy process-elimination and choice expressing reality-decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (AHP-ELECTRE-DEMATEL) approach. “Linking virtual reality and reality” is found to be the most critical deterrent to the adoption of industry 5.0, and falls into a causal group, which signifies their influence on other deterrents. “Measures for better connectivity with patients” is of utmost importance for German firms to ensure secure communication and safeguard patient data. The findings also highlight the problems with the adoption of high-tech innovations due to lack of standardization and fair benchmarking policies on industry 5.0. This article concludes by proposing an industry 5.0 framework. The inhibitors to adopting industry 5.0 were investigated in this article, the results of which will assist practitioners and decision makers to understand the issues with industry 5.0. The results of this article will help potential adopters of this technology to look for the SIs. This will therefore pave the path for effective adoption of industry 5.0 across the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector.

The Mediating Roles of Transformational Leadership and Workplace Gossip on The Relationship Between Organizational Justice and Organizational Virtuousness

The purpose of this study is to examine direct and indirect effects of organisational justice on morale and virtuousness through transformational leadership and workplace gossip. An online questionnaire was used to purposively sample 385 participants from the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in India for this study. Important predictors of organisational virtue were identified, including workplace gossip, transformational leadership, and organisational justice. The results of the study showed a strong correlation between virtue and organisational justice. Three significant additions are revealed: Firstly, managers who possess transformational leadership skills in addition to a grasp of organisational virtuousness can foster growth in both the company and its employees. 2) Promoting office gossips that are in line with moral principles creates a happy work atmosphere and improves employee output. 3) A greater understanding of organizational justice and virtuousness enhances wellbeing, which leads to improved productivity at work. There is a considerable correlation in the Indian pharmaceutical sector between workplace gossip, virtuousness, transformational leadership, and organisational justice. The latter two serve as mediators between virtuousness and justice. Business and workforce growth are facilitated by transformational leadership that cultivates organisational virtuousness. Creating an ethically sound and equitable workplace improves wellbeing and increases output. By identifying workplace gossip and transformational leadership as mediators between organisational justice and virtuousness in India's pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, this study enhances the applicability across industries and contributes to the management literature.

The response of the Irish pharmaceutical manufacturing sector to the COVID-19 pandemic with a focus on Lean and JIT.

Just in Time (JIT) and Lean manufacturing are concepts that originated in the automotive industry and were then adopted by pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical companies during the 1990s. However, the Covid-19 pandemic and the urgent demand for pharmaceutical treatment challenged JIT and Lean manufacturing processes. Production of Covid-19-related medicines increased, putting pressure on global supply chains and operations. This also hindered the production of medicines using the same or similar materials. Thus, questions are raised concerning JIT and Lean supply chains in the pharmaceutical industry. The present study aimed to explore (1) if material and supply constraints occurred due to the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) how companies were impacted and managed and (3) if changes are required to future proof the JIT supply chain approach for future global events. A mixed-method cross-sectional survey design was used and focused on material supply, qualification and validation in Irish pharmaceutical manufacturing sites. Employees working in the Irish pharmaceutical manufacturing industry were recruited using convenience sampling through online advertisement using the social media platform 'LinkedIn'. Quantitative data was analysed using percentages and qualitative data from free-text responses were used to add context to the quantitative survey questions. A total of 41 participants were recruited. The results suggested that the pandemic had a negative effect on material availability according to 81% of participants. This translated to delays or stoppage of production activity and was mainly handled by sourcing new materials (70%). To cope with future global crises, 60% of participants recommended more flexibility in future validation processes while 78% of participants acknowledged the importance of validating additional suppliers. A hybrid model of manufacturing and supply chain management was also a preferred approach to exclusive Lean and JIT (42%). The production of non-Covid-19 medicines was adversely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, but the pharmaceutical industry in Ireland demonstrated resilience and collaboration in response to these challenges. This study suggests that the JIT and Lean manufacturing model should be adjusted to ensure medicine supply chains are not disrupted during future global events.

Management’s Perceptions on the Ability of Website Marketing in Enhancing and Maintaining Organizational Reputation: Evidence from Zimbabwe’s Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector

Management’s Perceptions on the Ability of Website Marketing in Enhancing and Maintaining Organizational Reputation: Evidence from Zimbabwe’s Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector

The Effect of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector Company Characteristics on Tax Aggressiveness

This research is focused on the Health sector, especially in the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company Sub-Sector. Especially where during the Covid-19 pandemic, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies experienced a significant increase in revenue compared to various other sectors and it was rarely proven that companies in the Health sector, one of which was the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company Sub-Sector, took tax aggressiveness. This research is quantitative research. The research method used in this research is descriptive analysis method with multiple linear regression analysis, using SPSS software version 25. This research was conducted at health sector companies in the pharmaceutical manufacturing company sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2020. The sample in this study was determinde using purposive sampling method with 40 samples from 8 health sector companies in the pharmaceutical manufacturing company sub-sector. The findings of this study are the t test shows that leverage and capital intensity, with a significance value of 0.0001, and 0.008 respectively, have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness. While company size, liquidity and profitability have no effect on tax agressiveness. The results of the f test show that company size, leverage, capital intensity, liquidity and profitability simultaneously have a significant effect on tax aggressiveness.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Learnings from Industry 4.0 for transitioning towards Industry 4.0+: challenges and solutions for Indian pharmaceutical sector

Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is helping production units to become smarter using cyber-physical systems and cognitive intelligence. The advanced diagnostics with I4.0 technologies (I4.0t) help in making the process highly flexible, resilient and autonomous. Still, the adoption of I4.0t especially in emerging economies like India is at a very slow pace. The present research has used an integrated approach i.e., Analytical Hierarchy Process-Combinative Distance-Based Assessment-Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory to propose a barrier solution framework using data from pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. The findings reveal that "Costly venture" is found to be the most critical deterrent while "Customer awareness and satisfaction" is one of the potential solutions for I4.0t adoption. Further, lack of standardisation and fair benchmarking policies especially in the context of developing economies needs immediate attention. This article concludes by proposing a framework which will help to move from I4.0 towards Industry 4.0 + (I4.0+) which emphasises on role of collaboration between man and machine. And leads to sustainable supply chain management.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE OF PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN KENYA

There is a growing interest among scholars in strategic management on the need to establish performance measures of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between organizational structure and Performance of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing firms in Kenya. The findings of this study are valuable to the managers of the Pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, researchers and academicians in providing knowledge on organizational structure implementation on firm performance especially in the context of developing economies. The research used descriptive survey design. Data collected was both qualitative and quantitative. The target population comprised of managers in all the 19 Pharmaceutical manufacturing firms listed by the Pharmaceutical Society of Kenya (PSK, 2016). Judgmental sampling technique was used to determine the sample size. A sample of 209 was selected. This included one manager from each department who was identified as being directly related to organizational structure implementation. 19 firms and 209 mangers formed the sample size. The researcher used questionnaires to collect data. Once data was collected, it was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 21 where multiple regression was used to show the relationship between independent and dependent variables of the study. The findings of the study revealed that company processes that are structured well have a direct influence on strategy implementation.

Competitive strategy development through green supply chain practices

Nowadays, the topic of preserving the environment and serving local communities is a hot issue. Hence, this study aims to explore how the green supply chain affects Jordan's pharmaceutical manufacturing industry's ability to compete globally. This study's research methodology is quantitative, descriptive, and cause-effect. Data was gathered from a sample of 124 managers selected randomly from a pool of 300 managers working in 10 out of 14 pharmaceutical manufacturing organizations. The study tool underwent evaluations for normality, validity, and reliability before the data were subjected to descriptive analysis and a correlation analysis was performed between variables. Finally, hypothesis testing was conducted through the application of multiple regression analysis. The findings show that green practices affect competitive strategy, where green operations were having the highest effect on competitive strategies, then green purchasing, and green selling, respectively. The study's conclusions show that the adoption of a green supply chain improves the competitiveness of the Jordanian pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. Accordingly, the study recommends that Jordanian pharmaceutical manufacturing companies should include green supply chain practices in their daily supply practices to increase the competitiveness of the organizations.

Developing a machine learning enabled integrated formulation and process design framework for a pharmaceutical dropwise additive manufacturing printer.

The pharmaceutical manufacturing sector needs to rapidly evolve to absorb the next wave of disruptive industrial innovations - Industry 4.0. This involves incorporating technologies like artificial intelligence, smart factories and 3D printing to automate, miniaturize and personalize the production processes. The goal of this study is to build a formulation and process design (FPD) framework for a pharmaceutical 3D printing technique called drop-on-demand (DoD) printing. FPD can automate the determination of formulation properties and printing conditions (input conditions) for DoD operation that can guarantee production of drug products with desired functional attributes. This study proposes to build the FPD framework in two parts: the first part involves building a machine learning model to simulate the forward problem - predicting DoD operation based on input conditions and the second part seeks to solve and experimentally validate the inverse problem - predicting input conditions that can yield desired DoD operation.

Internet of things, big data analytics and operational performance: the mediating effect of supply chain visibility

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate hypothesized relationships between the Internet of things (IoT) and big data analytics (BDA) with supply chain visibility (SCV) and operational performance (OP) in the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector in Jordan. The paper also aims to test the conceptual model related to the indirect effects of SCV.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the objectives of this paper, a conceptual model was developed through a review of the current literature. Data analysis was performed by covariance-based structural equation modelling using Amos 25 software, and the convergent validity, discriminant validity, reliability and confirmatory factor analysis were verified. Then the hypotheses were tested.FindingsThe results of the study indicate that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the IoT and BDA on SCV and OP. The relationship was positive and statistically significant between SCV and OP. In addition, support for the mediation hypothesis that SCV mediates the relationship among IoT, BDA and OP was confirmed.Originality/valueThis paper provides new theoretical and managerial contributions that have not been covered in previous studies, and it is considered the first study that uses this conceptual model with this mechanism in terms of the theoretical lens and empirical application. This paper contributes to understanding the dynamic mechanisms of the IoT and BDA in enhancing OP, which contributes to creating a supply chain capable of facing various environmental fluctuations and pressures. This study presents new implications that can be used in the supply chain literature.

Effect of time management training programme on millennials in pharmaceutical manufacturing sector

The present study examine that, the effect of time management training program on Millennials in Pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. The source of data was collected from 50 millennials working in various functional working area like production, warehouse, quality control, store and purchase in different pharmaceutical manufacturing sectors from respective human resources department record. However most of the pharmaceutical manufacturing sectors is not conducting /spending the time on time management training programme and most of the multinational pharmaceutical manufacturing sectors are conducting regularly minimum twice and maximum thrice by yearly, based on their schedule. Hence the study was focused on particularly millennials of job performance and attitude between participants and non-participants. Thus , in general the assertions were made about time management training programme in Pharmaceutical manufacturing sector on Millennials Job performance were not supported but attitude were resulted tremendous changes has been observed between participants and non-participants.

An investigation into the information-seeking behaviour of professionals, working within the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector in Ireland

PurposeThis research aimed to investigate the information-seeking behaviour (ISB) and information needs of different professional groups within the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector in the Republic of Ireland (i.e. for what purpose information is acquired), the information sources professional groups use (including in-house documentation, regulations, industry guidelines, standards and colleagues) and the factors, which influence professional groups' choice of information sources. Furthermore, the research explored the perceived level of support that exists towards knowledge and information sharing.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative non-experimental research design, comprising of a self-completion survey questionnaire, was used to examine a number of information-seeking variables: information triggers, information sources and source influencers as well as information sharing enablers. It was related to four professional tasks: process technology/process development, regulatory support and quality/compliance support and engineering.FindingsThe research provides new insights into the ISB of pharmaceutical professionals working within a highly regulated and high-performance production environment, including a greater understanding of the context in which professional groups experience information needs. The levels of agreement observed in relation to employees' perception of information-sharing enablers indicated an overall positive level of information sharing.Research limitations/implicationsThe study points to largely echoed previous findings which suggest that individual work role associated tasks prompt particular information needs. Further to this, work role associated tasks have a bearing on information source selection. Pharmaceutical professionals engaged in positive levels of information and knowledge sharing, relying on procedures, other colleagues and internal documentation as information sources. The participants also indicated a high level of agreement in respect to the value of available subject matter experts as information-sharing enablers.Practical implicationsOrganisations should aim to create opportunities for adequate time to share information and organisational structures, facilitating an overall organisational culture of sharing. A focus on information sharing through forums, seminars, meetings and working groups could enhance information sharing, through the development of communities of practice.Social implicationsPharmaceutical professionals relied on trustworthiness and quality as professional' top information source-influencing factors. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that working within a high-performance, target-driven and time-constrained production environment brings a particular contextual impact, where frequent urgent information triggers are experienced. These contextual factors warrant further investigation.Originality/valueA paucity of information exists with respect to the ISB of professionals, working within the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, which is a sector known for its high level of information use and production. This paper offered an original empirical investigation of the ISB of professionals, working within the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector in the Republic of Ireland, focussing on key professional tasks. The research also addressed the level of support available for knowledge and information sharing.

الجامعة المستنصرية / كلية الادارة والاقتصاد

The new trends in Iraq’s economic policy by adopting the market mechanism in the economy after 2003, which necessitated the integration between the role of the state represented by the public sector and the role of the private sector in the process of economic and social development that depends on mobilizing the community’s potential for various economic sectors and civil society institutions in institutional organizations that undertake, establishing and operating projects after the separate economic sectors faced challenges and difficulties in achieving development goals at the targeted levels. Therefore, many developed and developing countries sought to create institutions that adopt participatory organizations in which the public and private sectors contribute to directing, managing and operating projects, developing and developing them in order to serve Its objectives are based on a participatory basis, good governance, transparent accountability and mutual benefit, as the relationship between the partnership parties is characterized by an integrative and substitutionary nature at the same time, with a dynamic nature that depends on the size, nature and importance of the role that each sector plays in the development process, according to the prevailing economic system, and its stages of development up to faster rates of economic and social development, and the pharmaceutical industry is one of the Industries that require increased spending on research and development programs to produce patents within the pharmaceutical preparation processes for a new product, as well as flexibility in dealing with these expenses and their impact on the level of pricing and marketing of the pharmaceutical product. Most economic studies go to the fact that spending on research may reach more than 10 % of the value of pharmaceutical sales to obtain a therapeutic product using advanced technology. In this regard, we find that there is a difference in the use of technology in the pharmaceutical industry in both developed and developing countries, as pharmaceutical technology in developed countries depends on training and innovation, while pharmaceutical technology depends in developing countries, including Iraq, on improving manufacturing methods and quality control only. The research has been strengthened by highlighting the pharmaceutical partnership approved by the State Company for the Pharmaceutical Industry / Samarra as a reformist factor in economic activity, as well as supporting and encouraging the private sector and activating its role by emphasizing on building partnerships between the public and private sectors in the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, and giving way to foreign pharmaceutical companies , the pharmaceutical industry market needs foreign investment to obtain financing sources as well as modern technology according to the formulas of cooperation or concession or contribution to the establishment of new pharmaceutical factories. The research concluded that the research hypothesis is achieved to a large extent when activating the mechanisms of partnership between the public and private sectors on the ground.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Efficiency of Packing Lines in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sites in Egypt

Corona Virus Disease COVID-19 has significantly impacted the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. Production Efficiency in pharmaceutical facilities is questionable to withstand the drastic conditions under which the drug manufacturing supply chains are. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is a primary indicator of efficiency. The aim of this review is to demonstrate a comprehensive overview on the factors impacting OEE and how they are affected by COVID-19.
 
 This review was done on a multinational pharmaceutical manufacturing facility in Egypt. In order to better understand the business model under study and have clearer vision on the impact of COVID-19 on each aspect of it, the business anatomy model ‘9 Elements’ by Elsafty (2018) was used. The time horizon of this study is 2020 to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the pharmaceutical manufacturing performance.
 
 The pandemic led to increase the pharmaceutical products demand which subsequently put a pressure on supply planners to alter the production scheduling. COVID-19 unraveled the weaknesses in the supply chains and the overreliance on materials suppliers of one source. This had a direct impact on the supply of materials and spare parts. Production efficiency has also been impacted by the health conditions of workers and operators might been community infected. Lack of high-skilled workers leads to decrease in the productivity due to the inability to manage and solve problems the right way and independently. Materials and finished goods quality are questionable in such situation. Introduction of counterfeit and falsified materials is a predictable side effect.
 
 It is concluded that OEE is affected by COVID-19 that moderates the inputs of OEE; availability, performance and quality. The pandemic has an impact (positive or negative) on the top losses of a machine efficiency.

Generic Strategies and Performance of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies in Nairobi County, Kenya

Pharmaceutical industry has been facing a lot of competition both from the inside and outside the country (importers of raw materials who also manufacture finished product). A report by the Kenya Pharmaceutical Sector Profile in 2018 indicated that imports have been rising sharply and grew by more than 30% between 2017 and 2018 in other sectors but a decline from the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector which could be attributed to the low-quality pharmaceutical products. The aim of this study was to analyze the generic strategies and performance of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Nairobi County, Kenya. The specific objectives were to: assess the effect of cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy and focus strategy on performance of pharmaceutical companies in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was informed by Porter’s Five Forces Model and Resource Based View theory. The study used descriptive research design. The population of this study was all the 22 pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Nairobi County. The target population was the managers in the pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. The study was a census of all pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Nairobi. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire was pilot tested to determine its validity and reliability. The study used primary data which was gathered from the managers. Data collected was organized in spreadsheets for the purpose of analysis. It was coded and entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, Version 22.0) for analysis. Correlation and regression analysis were conducted to find the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study found that cost leadership strategy, product differentiation strategy and focus strategy positively and significantly influenced performance of pharmaceutical companies in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study concluded that managing the production expenses enhances business performance because of increased profit value. Also, the study concluded that using technology to automate business operations lowers the cost thus increasing profitability. In addition to that, the study concluded that providing high quality products to customers builds customer loyalty which translates to improved performance. Similarly, the research concluded that lowering prices relative to that of competitors attracts more customers leading to increased sales volume. It was recommended that pharmaceutical firms should always aim at lowering the cost of production to reap optimal profits. However, these products should meet the quality demands in the market. It was also recommended that businesses should conduct customer satisfaction surveys to bridge the niche that may be identified. This way, businesses will be able to offer the relevant products and services and gain customer loyalty which eventually leads to increased profitability. In addition, it was recommended that non price competition strategies such as product packaging should be adopted by pharmaceutical firms to increase profitability. Customers would prefer to buy uniquely packaged products as they appear appealing. Future areas of study should focus on other competitive strategies since the three generic strategies that were identified did not account for 100% of the variation in performance of pharmaceutical firms.

3D Printing Technologies: Recent Development and Emerging Applications in Various Drug Delivery Systems.

The 3D printing is considered as an emerging digitized technology that could act as a key driving factor for the future advancement and precise manufacturing of personalized dosage forms, regenerative medicine, prosthesis and implantable medical devices. Tailoring the size, shape and drug release profile from various drug delivery systems can be beneficial for special populations such as paediatrics, pregnant women and geriatrics with unique or changing medical needs. This review summarizes various types of 3D printing technologies with advantages and limitations particularly in the area of pharmaceutical research. The applications of 3D printing in tablets, films, liquids, gastroretentive, colon, transdermal and intrauterine drug delivery systems as well as medical devices have been briefed. Due to the novelty and distinct features, 3D printing has the inherent capacity to solve many formulation and drug delivery challenges, which are frequently associated with poorly aqueous soluble drugs. Recent approval of Spritam® and publication of USFDA technical guidance on additive manufacturing related to medical devices has led to an extensive research in various field of drug delivery systems and bioengineering. The 3D printing technology could be successfully implemented from pre-clinical phase to first-in-human trials as well as on-site production of customized formulation at the point of care having excellent dose flexibility. Advent of innovative 3D printing machineries with built-in flexibility and quality with the introduction of new regulatory guidelines would rapidly integrate and revolutionize conventional pharmaceutical manufacturing sector.

MILLENNIALS PERFORMANCE IN PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURING SECTOR

The Pharmaceutical manufacturing sector today facing strong /Aggressive competition which creates numerous and considerable challenges, hence the Pharmaceutical sector’s needs or focus on “Millennials performance” to continuous improvements. The importance of effectiveness and efficiency on “Millennials performance” in work place, for this purpose this study was directed to rising issue of performance among the Millennials that have different importance and opinion towards their job. The primary objectives of the study are to identify the Factors Affecting “Millennial Performance” in pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. This study is of descriptive research types both primary and secondary data was collected for the study. The primary data was collected using Questionnaire. Pharmaceutical manufacturing sector “Millennials employees” at Hyderabad city was taken as a sampling unit. Convenience sampling technique was used in selecting a sample for the study. The sample size consists of 30 working millennial professionals in pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. Appropriate statistical tools were used for analysis. The findings suggest that the Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Sector to adopt better “Employee Engagement system” to motivate & retain the employees and towards helping the organization on achieving the goal in millennials workplace.