Pertinent Concepts Research Articles

THE INDONESIAN NAVY’S ACTIVITIES TO SECURE THE NORTH NATUNA SEA FROM THE PESPECTIVE OF THE NAVY’S TRINITY ROLES (2014 - 2019)

<p>This article aims to explicate the role and activities of the Indonesian Navy to protect Indonesia's sovereignty in the North Natuna Sea based on the perspective of the Naval Trinity Theory. To do so, this paper combines the application of some pertinent concepts and theories, such as maritime security theory, maritime diplomacy, and the Navy trinity roles of Ken Booth. It shows that those pertinent concepts and theories are very essential to further understand the roles and activities of the Indonesian Navy to protect our sovereignty in the North Natuna Sea. This paper utilizes the method of descriptive qualitative research by looking at the activities of the Indonesian Navy's to Secure North Natuna Sea from the perspective of the Navy’s Trinity Roles (2014 - 2019).</p>

Thinking like an electron: concepts pertinent to developing proficiency in organic reaction mechanisms

Abstract The difficulties students face with organic reaction mechanisms have been the subject of much research in chemical education however, no concept inventory has been reported in this area. The development of a concept inventory would be useful for the large-scale assessment of students’ understanding of concepts pertinent to developing proficiency in reaction mechanisms. The first step in the design of such an inventory is identifying the pertinent concepts. In phase 1 of this study, open-ended interviews were carried out with organic chemistry instructors (N = 11) in order to ascertain their opinions on pertinent concepts for developing proficiency in reaction mechanisms. Phase 2 of the study consisted of a national survey of organic chemistry instructors (N = 183) to explore the general consensus regarding the concepts identified in phase 1. The results yielded 10 concepts identified by experts to be pertinent to reaction mechanisms. The general consensus among organic chemistry instructors is that the topic of reaction mechanisms is important to the study of organic chemistry, but students have difficulty understanding the meaning of the curved-arrow notation. Future work will include the design and development of a concept inventory based on these pertinent concepts.

The Routledge Research Companion to Modernism in Music

Urediti zbornik na takó izmuzljivo temo, kot je »modernizem v glasbi«, je precej zahtevna naloga, ki sta ji bila urednika Björn Heile in Charles Wilson več kot kos z delom The Routledge Research Companion to Modernism in Music. Še zmeraj pertinenten pojem, o katerem se v muzikoloških praksah pogosto razpravlja, sta urednika predstavila kot kompleksno tonsko lestvico perspektiv in vprašanj, ki »nenehno terja teoretsko podlago za svoj obstoj.« (str. 3) Avtorja spretno nakažeta na plejado glasov, zbranih v tem zborniku, pri čemer pojasnjujeta razlike med »modernizmom v glasbi« kot »splošnim kulturnim in umetniškim pojavom«, »modernistično glasbo« z »modernističnimi atributi ali modernističnimi vidiki v glasbi, pri katerih pa se vendarle zaustavimo, predem bi jih označili kot modernistične« in označbo »glasbeni modernizem« za vse pojave, ki sodijo nekako med oba termina.« (str. 4) Koristna diferenciacija teoretičnega okvira sopostavlja prakse, ki se nanašajo na pojav z dvoumnimi pomeni in časovnimi spremenljivkami (npr. »nedavno« ali »pravkar«), kot tudi z metodološkimi (npr. »modus«). Na hitro bi lahko dejali, da avtorja avtoritativno obravnavata koncept, ki »nenehno terja teoretsko podlago za svoj obstoj.« (str. 3)

Malaysian high schoolers’ reading literacy performance: Trends and patterns across states

Reading literacy is often understood as a basic skill, and it is gaining recognition as the most functional means to educational attainment and individual development. It not only sets a benchmark but also reveals students’ strengths and weaknesses through performance measurement. This paper attempts to investigate sixteen-year-olds’ reading literacy proficiency using a performance band system in reporting their ‘can’s and ‘cant’s in reading. It drew insights from the Text-Task Respondent Theory of Functional Literacy (White, 2011) and the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy (Anderson Krathwohl, 2001), where pertinent concepts were drawn to address students’ functional abilities. The study involved a total of 813 sixteen-year-old students representing the northern, southern, central, and east coast regions of Peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Perak, Perlis, Selangor, Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Johor). A survey research method was employed to capture cognitive competencies that denoted students’ functional abilities when it came to reading literacy. The study measured the students’ reading literacy attainment based on a proficiency scale spanning on five-band levels. The findings of the present study revealed that the majority of the students attained Band 3, where they demonstrated a moderate understanding of texts and were able to integrate some part of texts to infer meaning. The study provides valuable insights to policymakers, educationists, employers in making data-driven decisions to improve educational outcomes. It also attempts to shed some light on the current pedagogical trends and provide suggestive practices in reading.

Family Game Show-style Didactic for Teaching Nervous System Disorders during Emergency Medicine Training.

Emergency medicine residents and medical students. The field of emergency medicine requires learners to build a vast library of illness scripts to be accessible in a rapid manner. Illness scripts are refined and reinforced as senior physicians teach learners common associations between diagnoses, presentation, workup findings, and treatment modalities.1 In order to examine these associations, we developed a didactic session based on the popular television game show "Family Feud" to teach important neurologic conditions related to emergency medicine. This lecture was designed to be an interactive competition, leveraging group participation, competition, and expert opinion.Neurologic emergencies are very common, affecting millions of Americans yearly. It is important for emergency medicine physicians to quickly recognize these conditions and initiate treatment because delay can lead to devastating outcomes.2 The neurologic conditions covered in the lecture were chosen based on the 2016 EM model of clinical practice, sections 7.0: Head, ear, eye, nose, throat disorders, 10.0: Systemic infectious disorders, 12.0: Nervous system disorders, and 19.0: Procedures and skills integral to the practice of emergency medicine, as well as author experience. By the end of this didactic exercise the learner will: 1) name 13 important neurologic conditions related to emergency medicine: TPA (tissue plasminogen activator) contraindications/TPA eligibility, optic neuritis, botulism, giant cell (temporal) arteritis, viral encephalitis, neurocysticercosis, rabies, myasthenia gravis, neurosyphilis, status epilepticus, Bell's palsy, dementia vs. delirium, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (Guillain-Barré); 2) recognize five pattern words associated with each neurologic condition; 3) understand exam findings, diagnostic tests, and/or treatments for 13 important neurologic conditions. A survey was sent through a national emergency medicine education listserv (Council of Residency Directors in Emergency Medicine [CORD-EM]) asking educators to list common word or phrase associations that come to mind with a list of neurological diagnoses. A PowerPoint lecture was created in the form of the game, Family Feud, using the data from this national survey. The game Family Feud requires participant teams to guess answers to certain questions by attempting to guess the most popular answers of survey respondents. At our weekly residency conference, residents were divided into teams and offered the opportunity to compete in a game testing knowledge of nervous system disorders. Each neurology topic was then addressed by a mini-lecture to review pertinent concepts in the disease process. There was no formal assessment at the end of this lecture; however, learners actively participated throughout the lecture. Questions were discussed at the end of each round giving learners the opportunity to fully understand topics. Efficacy of the educational content was assessed based on learner feedback as well as observation of the learners during the exercise. Learners were engaged with the exercise and verbal feedback was uniformly positive. Learners were enthusiastic about the format and requested more sessions created in a similar game. Based on feedback as well as observation of the learners, the lecture was both an effective highyield neurology refresher and team-building exercise. Learners enjoyed the opportunity to compete as a team. Gamification seemed to improve student enjoyment, engagement, and attention, which has also been shown in the literature.3 Our residency program intends to implement similar lectures in the future. Neurology, TPA contraindications, TPA eligibility, upper motor neuron lesion, lower motor neuron lesion, optic neuritis, aphasia, botulism, ACA (anterior cerebral artery) stroke, giant cell (temporal) arteritis, Bell's palsy, viral encephalitis, Todd's paralysis, neurocysticercosis, tonic-clonic seizure, rabies, epidural hematoma, myasthenia gravis, spinal cord injury, neurosyphilis, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), status epilepticus, Horner's syndrome, subarachnoid hemorrhage, dementia, delirium, Parkinson's disease, acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (Guillain-Barré).

Concerning digital design in architectural pedagogy

The emerging field of digital design in architecture has changed the way designers think and the way it should be taught. This paper looks at six design educational exercises which have adopted digital tools using various systems. Discussions are rooted in digital design cognition, digital design eco-system and pedagogy. This paper attempts to observe the change of ways of making within these themes using design cognition lens. It is proposed that digital design tool affordances is a pertinent concept to support this emerging field, both pedagogically and with regard to software development. It is also suggested that the digital eco-system framework need to include the dialogue between analogue and digital design tools.

An expanded nomological network of experienscape

PurposeBitner’s (1992) concept of servicescape has received widespread academic attention, resulting in many conceptual and empirical studies. By scanning the servicescape literature and other relevant concepts, Pizam and Tasci (2019) provided experienscape, an expanded version of servicescape, to be measured from different stakeholders’ perspectives with a multidisciplinary approach. This paper aims to build on Pizam and Tasci’s conceptualization of experienscape and expand its nomological network with other pertinent concepts related to different stakeholders with an interdisciplinary approach.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual study analyzing diverse literature related to servicescape, experienscape and other related concepts and theories to provide an integrated and holistic picture of experienscape for more robust theory development. Several new relationships are synthesized for hypothesis development and testing in future research.FindingsThe review of past research reveals that servicescape literature has mostly focused on outcomes for the benefit of brands and firms and missed outcomes for consumers and other stakeholders. In addition, servicescape literature lacks several critical concepts in the affective, cognitive and behavioral reaction domains, as well as moderator factors. The relevance of some theories such as branding (e.g. brand identity, personality, image, perceived quality, consumer value, brand value and self-congruity), cocreation/coproduction/codestruction, transformation, subjective happiness, subjective well-being and quality of life is completely overlooked.Research limitations/implicationsExperienscape is a container of complex systems where needs, wants and expectations of multiple stakeholders are entertained, often at the same time through dynamic interactions among multiple stakeholders. Thus, a holistic understanding of experienscape requires dynamic integration of theories explaining the behavior of different stakeholders by cross-fertilizing theories through interdisciplinary research rather than unidisciplinary or multidisciplinary research conducted in separate silos.Originality/valueBy adopting Pizam and Tasci’s (2019) experienscape concept, this study expanded the relational network of service environment components (i.e. sensory, functional, social, natural and cultural components of experienscape) by incorporating diverse theories and concepts that explain cognitive, affective and conative reactions of different stakeholders to an experience environment. Additionally, the current study recommends attention to human-centric outcomes such as transformation, subjective well-being, subjective happiness and quality of life, which were completely overlooked in previous servicescape research.

Boolean Curve Fitting with the Aid of Variable-Entered Karnaugh Maps

The Variable-Entered Karnaugh Map is utilized to grant a simpler view and a visual perspective to Boolean curve fitting (Boolean interpolation); a topic whose inherent complexity hinders its potential applications. We derive the function(s) through m points in the Boolean space B^(n+1) together with consistency and uniqueness conditions, where B is a general ‘big’ Boolean algebra of l≥1 generators, L atoms (2^(l-1)<L≤2^l) and 2^L elements. We highlight prominent cases in which the consistency condition reduces to the identity (0=0) with a unique solution or with multiple solutions. We conjecture that consistent (albeit not necessarily unique) curve fitting is possible if, and only if, m=2^n. This conjecture is a generalization of the fact that a Boolean function of n variables is fully and uniquely determined by its values in the {0,1}^n subdomain of its B^n domain. A few illustrative examples are used to clarify the pertinent concepts and techniques.

The world in Auerbach’s mouth: Weltliteratur after philhellenism

AbstractWe live in an age of globalized and globalizing phenomena: the contemporary agenda of academic inquiry takes in ‘networks’, ‘connectivity’, and other modes of articulating complex structures of human activity. In Comparative Literature and beyond, the idea of world literature has borne the weight of idealist intercultural understanding, the hopes of translation studies, and the anxieties around the failure of communication. Erich Auerbach offers a touchstone in the conceptual genealogy of world literature (Weltliteratur). This article illuminates how Auerbach’s Weltliteratur is predicated on a polemic with German philhellenism, tracked through Auerbach’s declaration that his idea is ‘ungoethisch’. Auerbach’s revisions to Weltliteratur constituted a strategy to render it a historicist concept. Since Auerbach’s notion of historicism was itself derived from nineteenth-century German humanism, this essay argues that Auerbach was attempting to go with Goethe beyond Goethe. Finally, this essay assesses how successful Auerbach’s decoupling of Weltliteratur from universalism, under the sign of Goethe and the Greeks. I suggest that Weltliteratur is still a pertinent concept today because of Auerbach’s intervention to install historicist and dialectical resources therein.

Human influence on the morphological adjustment of river channels: The evolution of pertinent concepts in river science

AbstractWhereas 6 decades ago little attention was accorded to the influence of human activity on affecting river channel adjustment, great progress has been made subsequently, with many contributions published in River Research and Applications. Many concepts have been involved, and this paper considers how they have arisen and developed during a sequence of complementary research stages. The first stage during the 1970s and 1980s, including research by Geoff Petts, involved “recognition of change” and saw the emergence of two separate research strands focused on different timescales: over shorter timescales river channel adjustments affected by the impacts of dams and reservoirs, channelization, land use changes, and urban effects; over longer timescales investigations of river metamorphosis. The second “realization” stage involved significant advances in understanding by considering interaction between these two timescales, more detailed investigations of changing processes, a more holistic catchment‐based approach, and incorporation of ecological changes. These advances led into the third stage, “application” of results, stimulated by analysis of the effects of hard and soft engineering, development of international drivers such as the Water Framework Directive, and concern for what is “natural.” This paper evaluates this sequence of stages, the concepts that have emerged, the extent to which they are consistent and sustainable, and how they can provide the foundation for evaluation of channel adjustments. The effects of urbanization in Fountain Hills, Arizona, USA provide an illustration. Finally, the future requirement for adaptation of existing concepts and the possible development of new ones is briefly considered in the context of global environmental changes.

Goodness of machine learning models

In this context, a model is an algorithm or a procedure that applies to data resulting in a functional relation [Formula: see text] between “input space” [Formula: see text] and “output space” [Formula: see text]. In this short paper, we will delineate objective criteria which help to disambiguate and rate models’ credibility. We will define pertinent concepts and will voice an opinion on the matter of good versus bad versus so–so models.

Gerardus van der Leeuw at the Voortrekker Monument

Abstract Contributing to current initiatives to reassess European theorists of religion from a postcolonial perspective, this article locates Gerardus van der Leeuw (1890-1950) in South Africa at the inauguration of the Voortrekker Monument, problematizing his phenomenological concept of sacred place. On 16 December 1949 Van der Leeuw gave a speech at the inauguration of the Voortrekker Monument to convey the good wishes of the Dutch volk to the Afrikaner volk, celebrating with Afrikaner nationalists their victory over the Zulu king Dingaan more than a century earlier, and sharing the podium with D.F. Malan who had come to power in 1948 introducing more than 40 years of apartheid in South Africa. The speech is analyzed by relating it to reports that Van der Leeuw wrote on his first visit to South Africa of almost three months in 1947 and his second visit in 1949, as well as pertinent concepts, particularly sacred place, in his phenomenological analyses of religion. By comparing and contrasting Van der Leeuw’s concept of sacred place with David Chidester’s critical concept of sacred place, focusing on the Voortrekker Monument as case study, I will offer a critique of Van der Leeuw’s concept of sacred place from a postcolonial perspective and South African location.

A Process Ontology for a Confectionery Service Robot

Confectionery items play a vital role in our lives. A plethora of confectionery items are ordered and consumed during various social gatherings, by a wide range of customers. The order may vary in terms of quantity, type of event and level of specificity. Moreover, some order may contain all the information needed while some may only contain the name of the festival for which suitable items need to be inferred and packaged accordingly. To understand all these intricacies for an automated agent involved in picking and packaging of items requires background knowledge. An automated system can perform these tasks only if, it comprises of a robust internal knowledge representation system. We, thus, propose an ontology for a service robot, SweetBot that defines pertinent concepts applicable to the confectionery domain needed by the robot in order to perform the picking and packaging of sweet items efficiently. We further evaluated the efficiency or the robustness of the model by using various SPARQL queries.

Two Novel Characterizations of the DE Flip Flop

Modern digital circuits, especially those based on large-scale integration devices employ DE flip flops, which are an extension of the D type with the capacity to store an input value only upon request or enabling. The DE flip flop could possibly be described algebraically by its characteristic equation or tabularly by its next-state table (used for analysis purposes) and its excitation table (used for synthesis purposes). This paper explores two novel characterizations of DE flip flops. First, equational and implicational descriptions are presented, and the Modern Syllogistic Method is utilized to produce complete statements of all propositions that are true for a general DE flip flop. Next, methods of Boolean-equation solving are employed to find all possible ways to express the excitations in terms of the present state and next state. The concept of Boolean quotient plays a crucial role in exposing the pertinent concepts and implementing the various desired derivations. This paper is expected to be of an immediate pedagogical benefit, and to facilitate the analysis and synthesis of contemporary sequential digital circuits.

Priority-free conditionally-preemptive scheduling of modular sporadic real-time systems

For a real-time system (RTS) processing both sporadic and (multiple-period) periodic tasks, this study presents a novel modular modeling framework to describe the parameters of tasks, conforming to the pertinent concepts and techniques of discrete-event systems (DES). A task is represented by an automaton synchronized by the modular models corresponding to its parameters. As a consequence, a DES model depicting the RTS is synchronized by the DES representing these tasks. Based on supervisory control theory, priority-free conditionally-preemptive (PFCP) real-time scheduling is solved by finding all the safe execution sequences. Finally, the PFCP scheduling is illustrated by real-world examples.

Quest for Identity in Bapsi Sidhwa’s An American Brat: A Postcolonial Perspective

Diasporic dislocation due to transcending boundaries and its consequences is a much-focused issue in postcolonial literature. All those writers who are living in a foreign culture have faced this issue. Therefore, the clash between the indigenous and the foreign cultures splits their personalities and they search for their identity. The present research is intended to explore the implicit optimism in diasporic dislocation and its consequences in Bapsi Sidhwa’s An American Brat (2012). This is a qualitative research using an eclectic approach, which is the combination of Edward Sarian and Homi K Bhabha frameworks. The results show that identity crisis is a pertinent concept in diasporic literature and the protagonist in the novel under discussion goes certain transformations. In this process, the heroin of the novel faces a dislocation and a cultural crisis in terms of her cultural identity. She could not assimilate a foreign culture completely due to her indigenous cultural roots to apply Said’s terminology.

Gateways into teaching translation in the language classroom: a proposal for audiovisual translation of Coraline in EFL/ESOL

Despite its “metodologia non-grata” status in language teaching, translation has a lot to offer in the second language classroom. This article argues that a reconsideration of pertinent concepts, such as the source and product of the translation, as well as a post-method rather than an exclusivist approach to language teaching, can provide a gateway to re-introducing translation in the EFL/ESL curriculum. Through a series of activities based on Neil Gaiman’s Coraline , it also makes a case for the teacher’s role in motivating the student as the key to using translation in teaching a foreign or second language.

The theory and politics of solidarity and public goods

For over forty years, economic inequality and distributive justice have been two of the primary concerns of political philosophers. This volume addresses these issues in a novel way, by focusing on the concepts of solidarity and public goods as both descriptive and normative frameworks. Solidarity links the social, political and moral together, in a distinctively political approach that recognizes the social sources of power on the one hand and sources of moral motivation on the other. Public goods such as education, healthcare, and transport systems are indispensable to the forging of solidarity, but at the same time they may become sources of oppression or injustice, when they fail to respect individual autonomy or when they calcify majoritarian preferences. The essays in this volume explore different features of the political, moral and civic approaches to solidarity. The moral theory of solidarity is advanced in one case as an intrinsically valuable concept of social connectedness and in another as an approach of epistemic deference; a structural account of solidarity theorizes about action against racial oppression, and a power-relations account points at the urgency of the affective, non-rational dimensions of solidarity. The social value of property and its moral implications are articulated through the lens of French 19th Century ‘Solidarism’ and as a complementary theory to left-libertarianism. Public goods are defended as instrumental to solidarity, in one case within a liberal framework and in another within a human-perfectionism framework. By providing a series of thought-provoking debates about social obligations and justice, the volume re-establishes solidarity and public goods as pertinent concepts for theorizing about social justice and inequality.

Evaluasi Pengelolaan Lansekap Monumen Puputan Klungkung sebagai Tapak Bersejarah

The landscape of Puputan Klungkung Monument is a historical site which doesn’t have optimal managemet therefore it is necessary an evaluation on landscape management of the site. The purpose of this research was to discover the pertinent concept of landscape management in Puputan Klungkung Monument applied by the Department of Cultural and Tourism of Klungkung District as well as to provide recommendations in order to improve the site. The research method used were field survey with observation, interviews, questionnaires and literature study technic. Results showed that the solution consist of the main and supporting recommendations. The main recommendations was spatial management for Puputan Klungkung Monument such as recommendation on space, circulation and vegetation. In addition, the supporting solutions was biophysical (facilities and maintenance improvement), cultural and social (effectiveness and service improvement, preparing tour packages), policy (to establish a specialized management agency, to compose Standard Operating Procedure of Puputan Klungkung Monument), and also economic (to use electronic card for entrance ticket). It can be concluded that the management implementation of monument was achieved as much as 80% based on Tupoksi. Hence, it was important to establish a specialized management agency to compose SOP of Puputan Klungkung Monument.

Venturing into the unknown: Blogs as a means of advancing leadership skills

ABSTRACTThe author describes a theoretically eclectic exploratory assignment that helped students in a managerial communication class practice and advance a comprehensive range of leadership skills. Specifically, the author combined E. M. Eisenberg, L. H. Goodall, and A. Tretheway's (2014) model of leadership with pertinent concepts from the theory of learning and used blogs as the communication medium. The outcome was very positive. Students practiced and advanced a range of cognitive, ethical, and communication skills.