Perspective Of Praxis Research Articles

Systems thinking guides a community building journey in Malaysian public housing

ABSTRACT Malaysia’s urban poor have been successfully rehoused in high-rise buildings during the country’s rapid development. However, quality of life and livelihoods in these complexes are deteriorating, widening inequalities. Considering housing as a complex system, this case study designed an iterative place-based community-building initiative with residents, covering multiple dimensions. The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated residents’ vulnerabilities, from job losses to food security. In turn, the programme restructured to meet residents’ emerging needs, adjusting existing plans. Surprisingly, pandemic-related programme changes also had positive outcomes. We share insights for methodology, implementation, scalability, policy implications, evaluation, and funding from a praxis perspective.

An ethical pathway for the use of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Nursing Care

Modern Medicine faces the challenge of acquiring, analyzing, and applying a great amount of data to solve a complex quantity of clinical problems. In this scenario, Artificial Intelligence technologies serve the developing of programs to help professionals diagnose, predict results, and make therapeutic decisions. The same as any technology applied to man, the use of Artificial Intelligence poses ethical questions. In this article the principal ethical problems related to the use of Artificial Intelligence technologies in Medicine are identified and a roadmap for reflection on the former from the praxis perspective is suggested. Nursing is no stranger to the revolutionary change brought about by the introduction of Artificial Intelligence in health care. The recent conclusions of the international think-tank on Artificial Intelligence and Nursing recognized the relevance of the use of these technologies to increase and extend the capabilities of Nursing, including care. Nursing practice raises the question about the impact of Artificial Intelligence technologies on the very essence of Nursing, that is, on the nurse-patient relationship by providing good care. From Nursing epistemology, it is to possible sketch out a pathway for reflection on the ethical problems raised by the use of Artificial Intelligence technologies.

Managing inconsistencies in medical decision-making: An eight-fold typology

This paper serves to deepen the understanding of how inconsistencies between feeling, thinking, and doing are managed by decision-makers in emergency settings. We use a practice approach and investigate the emergency physicians in an Emergency Department (ED), by means of 200 h of observations, 12 in-depth interviews, and organizational documentation. Data are analyzed using an abductive template-based approach. The configuration of three different decision-making modes, namely an experiential-based mode, an ostensive-based mode, and an action-based mode, provide an eight-fold typology of emergency physicians' decision-making praxis. “Weak” signals are the starting point for clinical assessment, and inconsistencies among the modes are strategically used and surprisingly often associated with positive treatment outcomes. The praxis perspective used in this article bridges literature on choice and interpretation—processes usually separated in organizational and decision-making literature. Inconsistency between the modes allow physicians to create an action space where decision-making is about more than providing the “right” answer. Making use of the eight-fold typology helps physicians identify “blind spots”, improve practice in both mundane and medically rare cases, as well as aid in revision of existing routines. This awareness also provides for high-quality care, an increased acceptance of inconsistencies by the public, with a potential to reduce litigation issues.

Scientific production and knowledge on Integrating Pedagogical Practices

The present article evaluated the State of Knowledge of the concept of Integrative Pedagogical Practices. The purpose of this evaluation is to contribute to debates that connect to the perspective of praxis in Vocational and Technological Education. In view of the above, the following guiding question is established: How does the field of Integrative Pedagogical Practices present itself in the scientific and knowledge production? Methodologically, this research is classified as being of a basic nature, with a quali-quantitative approach, supported by the assumptions of the analyses of the "production of knowledge" type. This methodological delineation allowed the survey and mapping of data, as well as their categorization. The analysis made it possible to describe the conceptual trajectory of Integrative Pedagogical Practices in the scientific production and knowledge about the theme. The analysis indicated that the concept of Integrative Pedagogical Practices epistemologically connects to the concept of emancipatory praxis and consequently to the assumptions of integrated human formation.

Black-or-White of Online Lending in Indonesia: Conventional Platform or Sharia Scheme (A Netnography Study)

The numbers of Islamic fintech online loans providers continue to grow during the Covid-19 outbreak. The goal of this research is to look into Islamic fintech-based online loan transactions from an Islamic law and accounting perspective. This study used the interpretive netnography approach, with documentation technique serving as the data collection method, and explanation building tact as the data analysis method. This study found that the use of conventional online loan schemes was having negative consequences, such as an increase in occurrences of despair and suicide among borrowers. Sharia fintech, through its profitless online lending scheme, may reduce the bad effects of the conventional scheme. From the praxis perspective, this research aids to raise public knowledge on avoiding the use of unlawful conventional online loan mechanism. In the future, this research is expected to improve the development of online loans and Islamic fintech research.
 Keywords: Islamic fintech, netnography, accountability, p2p lending, sharia financial accounting

Merging mobilities: querying knowledges, actions, and chronotopes in discourses of transcultural relationships from a North/South queer contact zone

ABSTRACT In this article, we query binaries of mobility and immobility in language studies via an empirical focus on language/social practices in a site that bridges the global North and global South. To do so, we work from a Southern praxis perspective to analyze discourses/knowledges informing the performance of accounts from Cambodian men, interviewed about transactional same-sex relationship practices between (ostensibly immobile) local men and (ostensibly mobile) male tourists to Cambodia from the global North. The analysis focuses on a process in which participants’ chronotopic awareness of language shapes a negotiation of power, knowledge, and action with respect to these relationships. Encompassing the discursive positioning of selves and others through the deployment of relevant and affective chronotopes, the talk from these Cambodian men allows us to challenge assumptions about (im)mobility, awareness, agency, sexuality, and power, and demonstrate how these are accessed in multiple ways at this site of North/South contact.

Educating critically about language and intercultural communication: What and who is at stake?

This paper reflects on the literature on Critical Language and Intercultural Communication Education in light of learnings gained from designing and delivering a course titled ‘Intercultural Communication’ over four years to large cohorts of first-year tertiary students in Australia. It is based on a qualitative research project which involves the analysis of two sets of data: a) ethnographic notes from teaching staff meetings, tutors’ interviews, and tutorial observation, and b) student formal and informal feedback surveys as well as focus group discussions. The paper explores what and who is at stake when teaching and learning about language and intercultural communication from a critical perspective. It unveils from a praxis perspective (theory informed by practice and vice versa) the deeply political and ethical level of engagement that is required of teachers, the kind of metalinguistic and metacultural knowledge, as well as the kind of disposition towards critical thinking and reflexivity, that are called for when teaching and learning in this domain in an Australian tertiary environment.

From critical information literacy to a critical theory of information

In addition to proposing a reflective and revisionist analysis of information literacy conventions and institutional norms, critical information literacy studies assume a practical commitment to engage in the struggle against the power structures that support the dominant production and dissemination of information, creating obstacles to autonomy and social emancipation. This commitment is based on Paulo Freire's pedagogical perspective of praxis, which has in its (often overlooked) roots the critical fortune of Marxist historical materialism – which, in turn, also underpins the critical theory of the Frankfurt School philosophers. With this epistemological recognition in mind, this article presents a proposal for a critical theory of information conceived from a mediation between critical information literacy studies, critical pedagogy and critical theory, in an attempt to strengthen the theoretical-methodological perspective that guides the pedagogical praxis of such studies in the field of Library and Information Science.

A práxis de egressos(os) da LEdoC UnB na gestão das escolas do campo: caminhos para resistência à Matriz Nacional Comum de Competências do Diretor Escolar

The reflections presented here are part of a research developed with the support of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), aiming at analyzing the praxis of graduates of the Licentiate Degree in Education for Rural Areas of the University of Brasília - LEdoC UnB and their contributions to the implementation of new logics of School Organization and Pedagogical Work in Schools for Rural Areas, held between 2020 and 2023. This article discusses the proposition of the National Council of Education - CNE to establish a Common National Competence Matrix for School Principal - MNCCDE and seeks this discussion based on the perspective of the Education for Rural Areas principles that guide the training project of the LEDoCs. The main objective of this text is to identify the ways and possibilities of action of LEdoC UnB graduates that points to resistance to the neoliberal, neotechnicist and generalizing perspective of making the principle of democratic management secondary. The methodological orientation is anchored in the assumptions of Historical-dialectical Materialism, having totality, historicity and contradiction as central categories. The collaborating subjects of the research are graduates of LEdoC of the University of Brasília who work or have worked in the management of school educational processes. In this sense, conversation circles were held with the referred subjects and documental analysis of the following materials was made: Pedagogical Political Projects of the schools in which the graduates work or have worked; Course Conclusion papers and Dissertations produced by them and analysis of the MNCCDE Draft. The results show that this Matrix attacks the pedagogical principles that have been worked in the Licentiate Courses in Education for rural Areas in Brazil and that the praxis of LEdoC UnB alumni who collaborated to this research points to resistance to the capital's educational project in different dimensions, highlighting: a) the search for the intrinsic articulation between the struggles for the right to land, work and education – political commitment; b) the Theory-Practice unit from the perspective of praxis; c) collective work and community participation; d) self-organization and f) the exercise of democratic management based on the understanding of participatory democracy based on self-management.

Social control and nursing performance in defense of life in the COVID-19 pandemic.

to reflect on social control in health and the contributions that nursing can make to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. this is a theoretical reflection, elaborated from discussions based on literature and the experience of authors' performance in social control and in Primary Care. It is divided into two topics: the first, related to aspects of institutionalized social control; the second, related to the perspectives for nursing in this space. limits and relevant aspects for nurses' role in social control are presented, contributing to a perspective of praxis in health based on their ethical-political commitment and their technical competence in the coordination and management of care to face the pandemic. nurses' role in social control favors the strengthening of the struggle for the right to life above profits, especially through popular participation in the community context in Primary Care.

Formação de professores e educadores ambientais: diálogos generativos para a práxis

No presente trabalho argumentamos que analisar a produção científica (trabalhos apresentados) do Encontro Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental (EPEA) é trazer os contextos da prática para uma discussão atualizada sobre a Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental (PEA) no Brasil, abrindo caminhos para formulações teóricas em uma perspectiva da práxis. Caracterizamos os trabalhos apresentados no Grupo de Discussão de Pesquisa sobre “Formação de professores e educadores ambientais” do X EPEA e elaboramos um conjunto de questionamentos generativos como potencial agenda de pesquisa, ou enquadramento metodológico para a (des)(re)construção, ou (re)formulação de pesquisas e ações no âmbito da educação ambiental com foco na formação de educadores ambientais. Entre os limites conceituais-metodológicos atuais/remanescentes da PEA com foco na formação de professores e educadores ambientais discutidos, destacamos: a persistência do histórico gap entre teoria e prática; a desarticulação das “novas” teorias em relação aos contextos geo-epistemológicos do campo ambiental; a ausência de diálogos Norte-Sul e a não-presença de epistemologias do Sul. A ênfase principal dos questionamentos levantados e da agenda de pesquisa proposta é a potencial superação desses limites no sentido da práxis ambiental.

A práxis no trabalho de campo: uma experiência em biogeografia

O texto objetiva refletir sobre como o trabalho de campo pode servir como recurso metodológico para a práxis do profissional da Geografia. Para isso, apresentamos um roteiro metodológico de trabalho de campo desenvolvido em âmbito da disciplina de Biogeografia na cidade de Florianópolis, que se pautou em três fases: gabinete (discussão da ementa da disciplina e levantamento de materiais bibliográficos e cartográficos acerca da área de estudo), trabalho de campo in loco (observação, descrição e interpretação dos dados) e o laboratório (análise, compreensão e representação refletidas através do relatório de campo). Por fim, as reflexões tidas a partir do trabalho de campo mostram que o território está em constante transformação em seus vários aspectos sociais, culturais, e econômico, por isso, entender como essas transformações se materializam nos lugares ainda continua sendo esse essencial para a formação de profissionais críticos e reflexivos acerca do seu campo de estudo, na perspectiva da práxis.

The role of institutional entrepreneurship in the development of accounting in the early 20th century in China

Relying on the theory of institutional entrepreneurship and Seo and Creed model of human praxis, this article delivers insights on how three institutional entrepreneurs, Xie, Xu, and Pan, mobilised resources (e.g. political position, education, and social connections) to organise an emerging profession and change the way accounting was practised in early 20th century China. Despite tensions among the three institutional entrepreneurs, their collective contribution moved accounting practice to a new level of sophistication to help facilitate economic reform and business development in China. This study illustrates how the accounting entrepreneurs relied on their beliefs to strive for accounting reform and adapt accounting practice to the demands of a changing institutional environment within economic reform. This research enhances knowledge on an important period of accounting history in China, considered to be the beginning of modern accounting development, as well as adding knowledge on accounting development from a human praxis perspective.

El concepto de objetividad en Gramsci

El trabajo discute el tratamiento de la cuestión de la objetividad realizada por Gramsci en los Cuadernos de la Cárcel, sugiriendo inicialmente la existencia de dos polos de tensiones teóricas en el interior de la tradición marxista hasta entonces: las Tesis sobre Feuerbach y su crítica al materialismo metafísico y el tipo de materialismo filosófico que desagua en el marxismo soviético. A partir de esta posición inicial, en la primera parte del artículo son discutidos los conceptos de praxis, “lado activo” del pensamiento humano, devenir y objetividad. En la segunda parte es abordado, en primer lugar, el posicionamiento sobre el concepto de materia y el materialismo filosófico, subrayando la crítica gramsciana al deterioro del marxismo por la búsqueda metafísica de una “primera filosofía” y la batalla por reintegrarlo a la perspectiva marxista de la praxis, sin por esto adoptar una posición idealista; en segundo lugar, se muestra cómo, recuperando la idea labrioliana de autosuficiencia del marxismo, Gramsci erosiona hasta tal punto las bases del materialismo histórico en la forma criticada que la propia tradición debe ser denominada ya con otro nombre: filosofía de la praxis.

Praxis and language: Teaching newly arrived migrant children to “live well in a world worth living in”

This article continues the well-established discussion of the ethics of TESOL by adopting a praxis perspective that views TESOL as holistic, ethical and moral task, rather than a technical task of delivering learning outcomes in a new language. This article is informed by the authors’ empirical research in Finnish preparatory classes, and in intensive English language schools in Australia, including interviews with teachers, students and educational leaders. Drawing on literature and this research we consider how English as an Additional Language or Dialect (EALD) and Finnish as a Second Language (F2) teaching can promote “a good life” for the individual learner and human kind.

An effective pedagogical practise for integrating HIV and AIDS into tertiary education: An Interior Design case study

This article discusses a pedagogical practise used to introduce HIV and AIDS content into an existing Interior Design curriculum from a creative praxis perspective. Curriculum-integration is a key strategy of the Higher Education HIV/AIDS Programme (HEAIDS), which was established to develop and support HIV-mitigation programmes at South Africa’s public Higher Education Institutions. Students within the Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture at the University of Johannesburg engaged in a spatial intervention project that was structured around project-based learning strategies and constructivist teaching values. Students’ proposals were analysed against their ability to promote HIV and AIDS prevention and create appropriate meaning amongst the target group. The paper suggests that the methodology proved effective because it did not require radical curriculum transformation; aligned with existing programme outcomes; and demonstrated potential to contribute to the ‘new literacy of AIDS’ required to counter ‘AIDS fatigue’.

Nature as praxis: Kitchen gardens and naturalization in Alájar (Sierra de Aracena, Spain)

To enhance our understanding of processes of environment naturalization, we must go beyond the discursive, political and perceptive dimensions. Nature is also praxis: a specific form of bond and relationship established between humans and the environments they inhabit, closely related to processes of naturalization. To analyse these practices that substantiate nature, this article examines kitchen gardens in Alájar, a locality set within a natural park in the south west of Spain. This specific ethnography is used in order to shed light on the meaning and significance of nature for those living in a ‘naturalized space’, how it translates from the perspective of praxis and, more precisely, how the natural character attributed to the environment from a human–environment relational perspective is substantiated. More generally, the aim is to ascertain the utility of this methodological strategy in understanding processes of naturalization and the meaning of nature in the Western world.

Healing deurmekaar: theatre, social change and praxes of potential

This article proposes a praxis perspective on the use of theatre as a tool for healing and social change that engages with the contemporary complexities of any context in which it is used, rather than relying on the rigid replication of tried forms. The South African colloquialism ‘deurmekaar’ becomes a pivot around which this proposition turns, informed by the dual meanings of the word: on the one hand denoting complexity and confusion, and on the other the literal meaning ‘through one another’. Using the Indian Theatre of the Oppressed organization, Jana Sanskriti (JS), as a case study, I explore the potential of a theatre that both informs, and is informed by, the lived experiences of its participants, as well as prioritizes aesthetic experience as a catalyst for dialogue and consciousness raising. Following this, I argue for entry into the concept of healing and social change through theatre that promotes dialogue and multivocality over singular narratives and insularity. While I advocate for the importance of the use of the performing arts as a tool for reconstruction after an oppressive past, I express what I perceive as the danger of reconciliatory efforts through theatre that ossify the construction of traumatized histories into hegemonic narratives.

Vie éthique et pensée de la libération. Lecture critique des usages senghoriens de Marx à partir de fanon

In Senghor’s writings, the focus on the theme of liberation, between the end of the Second World War and the accession to independence of African states in the 1960s, along with the challenge of formulating an African path to socialism, rests upon a specific practical and theoretical usage of the thinking of Karl Marx, in articulation with the notion of négritude. Such a usage of Marx opens up, in Senghor’s thought, a site for the questioning of the meaning of the ethical life that is organised in terms of the affirmation of the primacy of culture as a path to de-alienation and as a condition of the genesis of man. This strategic option would be called into question by Frantz Fanon as early as in Black Skins, White Masks (1952). What is at stake in the critical analysis of Senghor’s usage of Marx, by way of Fanon’s thought, is to highlight, from the perspective of praxis, tensions within the theory of liberation formulated by the thinker of négritude, in the context of anticolonial struggles after 1945.

HOW IS THIS PAPER PHILOSOPHY?

This paper answers a call made by Anita Allen to genuinely assess whether the field of philosophy has the capacity to sustain the work of diverse peoples. By identifying a pervasive culture of justification within professional philosophy, I gesture to the ways professional philosophy is not an attractive working environment for many diverse practitioners. As a result of the downsides of the culture of justification that pervades professional philosophy, I advocate that the discipline of professional philosophy be cast according to a culture of praxis. Finally, I provide a comparative exercise using Graham Priest’s definition of philosophy and Audre Lorde’s observations of the limitations of philosophical theorizing to show how these two disparate accounts can be understood as philosophical engagement with a shift to a culture of praxis perspective.