Interactionist Perspective Research Articles

Exploring the fuzzy boundaries between newsmarks and change-of-state tokens in High German and Low German talk-in-interaction – A variational-pragmatic and interactional perspective

Exploring the fuzzy boundaries between newsmarks and change-of-state tokens in High German and Low German talk-in-interaction – A variational-pragmatic and interactional perspective

Unveiling the role of physical exercise in promoting social interaction and adolescents' psychological prosperity.

Unveiling the role of physical exercise in promoting social interaction and adolescents' psychological prosperity.

Does host-guest interaction promote tolerance behavior? The mediating role of place attachment and subjective well-being.

This study explores the mediating role of place attachment (PA) and subjective well-being (SWB) in the mechanism of tourist tolerance behavior (TTB) from the perspective of host-guest interaction (HGI). Taking the Two Rivers and Four Lakes Scenic Area and Xingping Ancient Town in Guilin, a world-renowned tourist destination in China, as research cases, this study collected survey questionnaires from tourists in the scenic spots and used structural equation modeling to test the theoretical hypotheses of TTB. The results show that HGI has a significantly positive effect on TTB. Tourists' PA and SWB play a partial mediating role between HGI and TTB. In addition, the study further verified the role of PA and SWB as chain mediators between HGI and TTB. This study not only expands the research scope of tourist citizenship behavior, but also reveals the key factors to improve TTB in tourist destinations. Finally, it provides relevant insights from the perspective of tourist destination management and services.

SteXMeC: A Student eXperience Evaluation Methodology with Cultural Aspects

Cultural factors shape students’ expectations and perceptions within diverse educational settings. The perceived quality of a Higher Education Institution (HEI) is crucial to its success, with student satisfaction determined mainly by their overall experiences. The concept of Student eXperience (SX) can be analyzed through the lens of Customer eXperience (CX) from a Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) perspective, positioning students as the “customers” of the institution. SX encompasses academic and physical interactions and students’ emotional, social, and psychological responses toward an institution’s systems, products, and services. By accounting for factors such as emotions, socioeconomic status, disabilities, and, importantly, cultural background, SX provides a comprehensive measure of student experiences. Building upon our previous SX model and Hofstede’s national culture model, we have developed a Student eXperience evaluation methodology that serves as a diagnostic tool to assess both student satisfaction and how effectively HEIs serve a diverse student population. This methodology ensures that all students, regardless of their background, are considered in the evaluation process, facilitating the early identification of institutional strengths and weaknesses. Incorporating cultural aspects into the assessment delivers more precise results. Furthermore, our approach supports HEIs in promoting equity, diversity, and inclusion by addressing the needs of minority students and students with disabilities, as well as reducing gender disparities. These objectives align with UNESCO’s Sustainable Development Goals, contributing to fostering an equitable learning environment. By adopting such inclusive evaluation practices, HEIs can enhance the perceived quality of education and their responsiveness to the needs of an increasingly multicultural student body.

Perceptions of nurse-physician interactions: insights from medical students’ clinical internships

ABSTRACT Introduction Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) brings together health and social care professionals to enhance patient outcomes through mutual respect, effective communication, and shared responsibility. However, while Interprofessional Education (IPE) is essential for improving communication and care quality, its implementation remains challenging. One major obstacle is the cultural and historical difference in how nurses and physicians perceive IPC, which can hinder effective collaboration. Purpose To explore medical students’ perspectives of nurse-physician interactions. Methods This qualitative descriptive study examined written reports from 406 second-year medical students enrolled at the University of Padua. To identify patterns in nurse-physician interactions, data were analysed using Bales’ Interaction Process Analysis categories through a deductive content analysis approach. Additionally, qualitative analysis software facilitated the coding process, with Bales’ category integrated into ATLAS® Search&Code for text analysis. Furthermore, this research was conducted and reported in accordance with the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. Results A total of 438 student-reported detections were extracted from the reports and categorised into 12 of the Bales’ social interaction categories, revealing distinct roles and communication styles between nurses and physicians. Students detailed that nurses frequently provided opinions and orientations, reflecting a supportive role, while physicians were more inclined to seek orientation, indicating a collaborative approach. Moreover, the findings highlighted hierarchical dynamics, as nurses more likely to agree with others’ decisions, whereas physicians were less engaged in passive agreement. Moreover, students observed that stress and tension were more prevalent among physicians than nurses. Conclusion The study highlights the complementary yet distinct roles of nurses and physicians in clinical settings, underscoring the importance of balanced teamwork. Addressing hierarchical dynamics and enhancing communication are crucial for improving both patient care and job satisfaction. Therefore, training programs should focus on mitigating these barriers and fostering open communication to build a more cohesive healthcare environment.

Online Interactive Teacher Talks In ELT: A Sociocultural and Interactionist Analysis

Education plays a pivotal role in shaping individuals by fostering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor growth while instilling values like character and morality. In English language teaching (ELT), teacher-student interaction is essential for developing linguistic and communicative competence. Frameworks such as socio-cultural theory and Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) emphasize meaningful dialogue, scaffolding within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), and authentic communication. An observed Online ELT classroom interaction highlighted scaffolding techniques, error correction, vocabulary clarification, and conversational repair mechanisms. Using conversation analysis principles, the study identified evidence of scaffolding and features like turn-taking and negotiation of meaning. The findings revealed how interactive teacher talk fosters learner progression toward independent language use, aligning with Vygotsky’s mediation theory and the interactionist perspective. Repair strategies and dynamic turn-taking enhanced communicative competence, while CLT’s focus on real-world communication prepares learners for practical language application. These elements illustrate how linguistic input, feedback, and contextualized communication converge in teacher-student interactions, creating a dynamic process that supports language acquisition and prepares learners for authentic communication in real-world contexts.

UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics joint high-throughput RNA sequencing transcriptomics approach for the analysis of fecal and liver biological samples and application in a case study for the mechanism of Qing-Kai-Ling oral liquid in treating MASLD.

Qing-Kai-Ling (QKL) oral liquid has been increasingly used in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, the specific metabolic differentials and metabolic pathway mechanisms that affect the MASLD regulated by QKL remained unclear. In this study, serum biochemical analyses and hematoxylin-eosin staining of the liver revealed QKL reduced liver injury and enhanced lipid metabolism ability, respectively. To clarify the therapeutic mechanism of the QKL in the treatment of MASLD, UHPLC-QTOF-MS non-target metabolomics and RNA-Seq high-throughput sequencing analysis were used to explore the mechanism of the QKL in the treatment of MASLD from the perspective of metabolic-gene interactions. UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics further revealed that there were 196 common differentially expressed metabolites identified among 3 groups; QKL significantly up-regulated 44 metabolites, while 11 metabolites (including N-phenylacetylglutamic acid and glycocholic acid) were downregulated significantly. Moreover, the main metabolic pathways regulated by QKL included amino acids, peptides, bile acids, carbohydrates, linoleic acids, etc. Additionally, the result of the RNA sequencing-based transcriptomics showed that a total of 984 differential genes (DEGs) were identified and 9 important DEGs were obtained. The result of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) demonstrated that the 984 DEGs were linked to bile acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, insulin resistance, AMPK signaling pathway, etc. Overall, this work was the first to show that QKL regulated metabolites and genes to alleviate MASLD by the UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics joint high-throughput RNA sequencing-based transcriptomics analysis, providing the basis and research method for the treatment of metabolic diseases by QKL and other drugs.

Soil resource availability regulates the response of micro-food web multitrophic interactions to heavy metal contamination.

Soil resource availability regulates the response of micro-food web multitrophic interactions to heavy metal contamination.

Unraveling the anti-biofouling mechanisms of slippery liquid-infused porous surface from molecular interaction perspective.

Unraveling the anti-biofouling mechanisms of slippery liquid-infused porous surface from molecular interaction perspective.

소설 이효석의 메밀꽃 필 무렵, 문학 관광 공간 설계와 실감 미디어를 통한 지속 가능한 만남 - 가상증강현실 속 지속가능한 추억의 만남

Lee Hyo-seok’s short story, When Buckwheat Blossoms Bloom, regarded as a pioneering work of modern Korean pure literature, primarily takes place in Bongpyeong Village, located in Pyeongchang, Gangwon Province. To preserve and highlight the classical identity of this literary work within its authentic setting, this project aims to create a tourist park through storytelling centered on “time and space.” By leveraging immersive media technologies—such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)—the project seeks to create a multifaceted “Memorial Space,” where visitors can experience pure literature from diverse and interactive perspectives. Published in 1936, When Buckwheat Blossoms Bloom poetically portrays nostalgic memories linked to the unique landscape of Bongpyeong Village. In the story, the protagonist, Heo Saeng-won, is a pockmarked, left-handed itinerant merchant who travels from market to market every five days, accompanied by his donkey. On a summer evening, after concluding his business at Bongpyeong Market, Heo meets a younger merchant named Dong-i. As they walk together along paths blooming with buckwheat flowers, their journey weaves together Heo’s recollections and the narrative surrounding Dong-i’s origins, seamlessly integrating dimensions of time and space. This study systematically designs the narrative journey of Heo Saeng-won and Dong-i along the buckwheat-blossomed road, enhancing it through spatial and temporal storytelling. Essential elements—including the donkey, Lee Hyo-seok’s birthplace, bookstores frequented by literary figures, and contemporary memories—are structured into a coherent storyline. Within the narrative, the “road” that Heo Saeng-won and Dong-i traverse symbolizes modern life’s meaning and collective memory, while the buckwheat flowers bathed in moonlight represent a powerful, emotional space and metaphor for life itself. Significantly, this “road,” expressed through environmentally friendly, authentic Korean terms, is envisioned as a year-round tourist attraction designed to resonate profoundly with future generations who have not experienced the past firsthand, extending naturally into virtual environments. The tourist spaces of the Lee Hyo-seok Literature Museum, therefore, will adopt a “space-telling” approach, emphasizing the narrative concept of the “road.” Fields abundant with buckwheat flowers, the donkey, Lee Hyo-seok’s birthplace, and literary-themed bookstores will be seamlessly interlinked as elements of a single, immersive narrative. Within virtual reality, this “road” will act as a storyteller, transforming the experience into an enduring cultural heritage that deeply impresses visitors from around the globe and future generations. Literature mirrors both past and present, and literary sites serve as meaningful bridges connecting these temporal layers. Through stories crafted around time, space, and classic literary identity—enhanced by advanced immersive media technologies—this approach enables the creation of a themed village connecting exhibition halls, literary villages, and IT educational facilities. As a result, the Lee Hyo-seok Literature Museum and surrounding area could become a globally recognized cultural destination, hosting literary festivals, providing regional cuisine, attractions, and entertainment, thus ensuring the past continues to thrive in the present while establishing sustainable connections to the future.

Influence of Social Interaction on Self-Concept Development of University Students: A Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

University students' self-concept development has a significant role in both their academic and personal growth, impacting their social identity, motivation, and self-assurance. Even though self-concept has been studied from psychological and developmental perspectives in a number of studies, more research is still needed to fully understand how social interaction shapes identity. This study employs a symbolic interactionist methodology to examine the ways in which peer relationships, everyday social interactions, and cultural norms impact college students' perceptions of themselves. Symbolic interactionism holds that a person's self-perception is influenced by their social interactions, feedback, and internalization of cultural symbols. The social interactions students have in the university environment continuously support, question, or modify their self-identity, which has an impact on their academic performance, career aspirations, and emotional well-being. Although identity formation in higher education has garnered a lot of attention, few studies have focused on looking at how role-taking experiences and symbolic meanings contribute to the development of one's self-concept in diverse university contexts. Students, educators, and policymakers will all gain from this study's goal of filling this information gap by exposing the dynamic process of self-concept development. By use of both qualitative and theoretical research, this study highlights the significance of social interactions in shaping an individual's sense of self and the necessity of establishing supportive university environments that foster proper identity formation.

Social media interaction and built environment effects on urban walking experience: A machine learning analysis of Shanghai Citywalk.

In fast-paced urban environments, Citywalk has emerged as a key leisure activity for urban residents to alleviate stress and enhance emotional well-being. From the perspective of virtual-physical interaction, this study integrates social media data with geospatial information, utilizing machine learning methods and spatial statistical analysis to explore the multidimensional driving mechanisms and complex relationships affecting the emotional experiences of Citywalk participants. The findings indicate that the interaction index, as a core indicator of virtual social behavior, plays a key role in influencing emotional scores (SHAP value = 4.9104), exhibiting progressive effects without evident threshold characteristics. POI density demonstrates significant nonlinear threshold effects, with marginal benefits substantially increasing when density reaches 44.06. Additionally, spatial autocorrelation analysis of emotional scores reveals spatial clustering patterns, underscoring the critical role of interactions between virtual social behavior and physical spatial elements in emotional generation. In comparison, functional diversity and transit accessibility exhibit weaker but complementary effects on emotional scores. This research quantifies the roles of digital social behavior and the built environment in shaping emotional experiences from a virtual-physical interaction perspective, uncovering how virtual social behavior integrates into social space production through individual perception and social interaction. It extends theoretical frameworks in social space production and emotional geography. The findings provide data-driven insights for optimizing urban walking space design, proposing interaction index-oriented strategies to promote synergy between virtual and physical spaces, thus facilitating the creation of high-quality, emotionally friendly urban environments.

Systems Intelligence and the HF Tool in foregrounding human factors in systemic safety

The safety of sociotechnical systems ultimately depends on the success of people’s everyday activities at work. This is the core idea of Safety-II. However, practical tools for applying Safety-II thinking in practice are scarce. In this study we present a new approach to managing human factors (HF) in safety, spotlighting people’s own experiential and interactive perspective at everyday work. We combine the research-oriented and practically tested HF Tool with the conceptual Systems Intelligence (SI) framework and present how this combination strengthens the mastery of HF in actual safety practice. SI focuses on ways how people can succeed in socio-emotional wholes viewed as systems and brings to the forefront the hidden aspects of human actions, related to personal reflection and interpersonal relationships, often neglected in actual safety management. This combined HF-SI framework provides an approach for implementing Safety-II in practice.

The Impact of Perceived Overqualification on Workplace Procrastination: The Role of Public Service Motivation and Perceived Prosocial Impact.

Workplace procrastination is widespread in the public sector and has severe negative implications. However, research specifically focusing on workplace procrastination among civil servants remains scarce. Drawing on the person-environment (P-E) fit theory and the public service motivation (PSM) fit perspective, this study examines the relationship between perceived overqualification (POQ) and workplace procrastination through job boredom, and further explores how PSM and perceived prosocial impact moderate this relationship. Based on a survey of 363 Chinese civil servants, the findings reveal a positive correlation between POQ and workplace procrastination through job boredom, and this correlation is weaker for civil servants with high PSM than for those with low PSM. A three-way interaction analysis indicates that perceived prosocial impact enhances the ability of PSM to reduce job boredom caused by POQ, which in turn weakens the association between POQ and workplace procrastination. Moreover, when civil servants with high PSM perceive their work as having a high prosocial impact, the association between POQ and workplace procrastination becomes nonsignificant. This study introduces a person-environment interaction perspective for understanding the antecedents of workplace procrastination, underscores the costs of POQ in public organizations, and offers valuable insights for preventing workplace procrastination among civil servants.

‘To others it’s just tape': exploring meaning making and the striping system in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

ABSTRACT Modern Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) instruction typically focuses on its self defense, competition, fitness and fun. Practitioners earn and progress through coloured belts to signify skill within the sport. Although existing research has explored how the promotion to a new belt is symbolically significant enough to warrant a ceremony, to our knowledge, little academic focus has unpacked the constructed meaning of BJJ ‘stripes’ – a piece of white tape that practitioners earn and wear on their current belt to signify progress between belts. Using symbolic interactionist perspectives, we identify a BJJ ‘online community of practice’ that has developed on message boards and Facebook groups dedicated to amateur BJJ; and analyse how community members discuss the significance of ‘stripes’ as tied to achievement, perseverance, and self-identity. BJJ ‘stripes’ represent a unique part of sport dress and help formulate a collective identity among BJJ participants that contributes to the sport’s unique culture.

Expanding the potential soil carbon sink: unraveling carbon sequestration accessory genes in vermicompost phages.

The compost microbiome is important in regulating soil carbon sequestration. However, there is limited information concerning phage communities and phage-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) in compost-applied soils. We combined metagenomics and meta-viromes to explore the potential role of bacterial and phage communities in carbon sequestration in the compost microbiome. The experiment comprised swine manure compost (SW) and vermicompost (VE) applied to the soil along with a control treatment (CK). The bacterial community richness decreased after swine manure application and increased after vermicomposting compared to the control treatment. The phage community in the vermicompost-applied soil was dominated (63.1%) by temperate phages. In comparison, the communities of the swine manure compost-applied soil (92.7%) and control treatments (75.4%) were dominated by virulent phages. Phage-encoded carbon sequestration AMGs were detected in all three treatments, with significant enrichment in the vermicompost-applied soil. The average carbon sequestration potential (the coverage ratio of phage AMGs:total genes) of phage AMGs (aceF, GT11, and GT6) in the vermicompost-applied soil (65.18%) was greater than in the swine manure-applied (0) and control soils (50.21%). The results highlight the role of phage-encoded AMGs in improving soil carbon sequestration in vermicompost-applied soil. The findings provide new avenues for increasing soil carbon sequestration.IMPORTANCEThe phage-bacteria interactions have a significant impact on the global carbon cycle. Soil microbial carbon sequestration is a process in combination withcarbon sequestration genes and growth activity. This is the first study aimed at understanding the carbon sequestration potential of phage communities in vermicompost. The results of this study provide variations in carbon sequestration genes in vermicompost microbial communities, and some novel phage auxiliary metabolic genes were revealed to assist bacterial communities to increase soil carbon sequestration potential. Our results highlight the importance of phages in soil carbon sequestration from the perspective of phage-bacterial community interactions.

The influences of three types of peer-questioning scaffoldings on online peer learning in a virtual museum environment

ABSTRACT Peer questioning scaffoldings have potentials to improve students’ meaning making and knowledge construction, as well as promote students’ high-order cognitive skills in online peer learning settings. However, existing empirical research reported controversial results concerning the effects of various peer-questioning scaffoldings and limited research employed integrated methods to offer process-oriented, summative, and psychological or emotional evidence regarding the effects of peer questioning on student learning. To address these gaps, this research employed three types of peer-questioning scaffoldings (i.e. comprehension questions, deep-reasoning questions, and argumentation questions) in an online peer learning research and empirically investigated the effects of three types of peer-questioning on the pair of students’ collaborative processes and performance. Results showed that comprehension questions had the worst effects on peer learning process; deep-reasoning questions promoted interactive perspectives between peers and aroused positive emotions of students; argumentation questions stimulated individual perspective elaboration, facilitated peer conversation behaviors, and advanced students’ high level of scientific performances. Based on the empirical research results, this study highlighted the importance of aligning peer-questioning scaffoldings with instructional goals, adjusting pedagogical guidance based on task complexity, and employing dynamic scaffoldings to optimize learning outcomes.

People as interconnected beings: the impact of leader and colleague safety consciousness on employee safety performance from the perspective of social interaction

Safety performance, a critical metric directly linked to employees’ well-being and property protection, serves as a cornerstone in advancing modern productive forces. Grounded in social interaction theory, this study employed a survey-based method and hierarchical regression analysis to explore the mechanism of how leader and colleague safety consciousness affect employee safety performance. Analyzing survey data from 535 questionnaires, the following research results were obtained: leader and colleague safety consciousness has a positive impact on employee safety performance; safety role identification plays a positive mediating role between leader and colleague safety consciousness and employee safety performance; the leader–member exchange relationship positively moderates the relationship between leader safety consciousness and safety role identification, and positively moderates the mediating role of safety role identification; and the team–member exchange relationship positively moderates the relationship between colleague safety consciousness and safety role identification, and positively moderates the mediating role of safety role identification.

'You Should Be Yourself'-Secondary Students' Descriptions of Social Gender Demands.

Background/Objectives: Swedish schools are mandated to counteract gender norms that restrict students' life opportunities. School personnel also bear the responsibility of fostering students' democratic responsibilities and healthy behaviors, which is crucial not only for their mental wellbeing but also for their academic performance, as stressed by the European Commission. Aim: The purpose of the present study is to explore adolescents' performativity of gender when discussing social barriers to mental and emotional wellbeing. Methods: Fifty adolescents were interviewed in small gender-divided groups, and the transcribed text was analyzed using thematic analysis. Theoretically, interactionist perspective and gender analytic discourses are applied. Results: Emotional barriers to mental wellbeing were identified based on too cogent gender norms. Boys describe challenging each other and the environment by using a social facade that includes "stoneface" and harsh language, seldom showing sadness, even among close friends. The girls' facade includes maintaining a "happy face" and trying to be attractive. Both genders underline the need for belonging, and most of them fear social exclusion from peers. According to the interviewees, it is socially acceptable for girls to display most feelings, even mental difficulties such as anxiety or phobia, but among boys, gender norms still hinder them from showing emotional vulnerabilities such as sadness and risking exclusion. Conclusions: Young people's emotional wellbeing needs to be further developed and included in the curriculum. It is time for adults to focus on boys' sadness and depressive emotions, as well as girls' aggressiveness and frankness rather than their appearance, to push the river of equality forward.

Effects of fruit size on seed germination in Psittacanthus mayanus (Loranthaceae)

Background and Aims: Mistletoe seeds germinate readily after being removed from the exocarp by seed dispersers. While the consequences of directed bird dispersal from the perspective of mistletoe-bird mutualistic interactions are well-studied, the effects of fruit size variation on seed germination processes have received limited attention. Here we investigated the different phases of seed germination of manually attached seeds of a Psittacanthus mistletoe, from seed attachment to early haustorial formation, to better understand the germination process of the seed unit (embryo and cotyledons). Methods: We collected fully developed ripe fruits from Psittacanthus mayanus (Loranthaceae) mistletoe plants growing on Lysiloma divaricatum (Fabaceae) host trees, measured (length and width of the fruit and length of cupular pedicels), weighed, and then used them in a germination experiment. For this experiment, we manually removed the exocarp from the ripe fruits and placed the squashed seeds on wooden rectangle sticks, securing them with their own viscin. Seeds were monitored daily for 100 days under common environmental conditions. Key results: Psittacanthus mayanus seeds showed a high germination rate, completing the process in just under two weeks on average. Germination was asynchronous among seeds, with considerable variation in the time each seed took to germinate. Among the morphological characteristics evaluated, only fruit width significantly affected the germination process. Specifically, fruit width influenced seed germination probability, the time they took to germinate, and the number of cotyledons they developed. Seeds from wider fruits showed higher germination probability but developed fewer cotyledons. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that fruit width could be an important trait influencing the reproductive success of this mistletoe species.