Perspective Of Cultural Differences Research Articles

تصورات الفكر الحداثي عن التشريعات الإسلامية للأسرة: دراسة تحليلية مقارنة

This study aims to contribute to the ongoing debate on the perceptions of modernity-related thought concerning family affairs in Islamic legislation. Analyzing the discourse of modernity and the issues raised therein, the researcher attempts to answer the following questions: what effect-if any- does one’s stance on religious heritage have on the study of family-related issues? what are the flaws of the modernists with respect to the family? what are the alternative perceptions that Islam presents concerning family values and legislation? To answer these questions- and to achieve the objective of his study- the researcher has used a descriptive as well as a comparative approach. In conclusion, the study has found that the flaws of the modernist approach, which adopts western secular concepts and values on a universal scale, can be traced back to its rejection of any cultural particularities stemming from religious heritage. That is why it fails to acknowledge or explain the changes witnessed in daily life in Muslim societies. Understandably, an explanation of such changes cannot be reduced exclusively to a material worldview. Identifying some features of such shortcomings, the researcher has referred to the modernists’ rejection of value-based family cohesion, and how they see it as a source of violation to women's rights. Or worse still, they see it as a form of stereotyping the gender roles in line with religious rulings. On the positive side, the study outlined some features of an alternative methodology from within the Islamic worldview- to address the issues of parent education, family upbringing based on dialogue, equality among family members, and women’s freedoms, which modernists usually raise. The study ends by urging researchers to conduct further case studies on a specific country or family institutions. The focus of such works should be on evaluating the content of the modernist discourse in international agreements, and its impact on women and children, on the identity of the family, as well as its functions and characteristics from the perspective of cultural differences among nations.

Analysis of Japanese Translation Skills Based on the Perspective of Multimedia Cultural Differences

Abstract This paper screens and calculates the factors affecting the quality of Japanese translation through the gray correlation analysis method. First, the Pearson correlation coefficient is utilized to explore the correlation between each factor and translation quality, and the multicollinearity between the influencing factors is tested. A quadratic test was conducted on the influencing factors using Lasso variable selection and ridge regression methods to eliminate those with linear correlation. On this basis, Japanese translation skills are designed and practiced from the perspectives of naturalized and alienated translation strategies to address cultural differences. The correlation coefficients of the factors affecting the quality of Japanese translation ranged from 0.7017 to 0.9309. The correlation coefficient between translation integrity and average sentence length was 0.491. The overall rating of the translated texts of each student reached a maximum of 97.87 points after using the translation technique. The translation technique in this paper is more effective in Japanese translation, which provides a reference method for the translation strategy under the perspective of cultural differences between China and Japan, and also helps to effectively convey the country’s culture.

Cultural Differences in Interoceptive Accuracy: Comparison Between Japan and Europe1

AbstractThe self is, at least partially, grounded in bodily processing. In particular, processing the physiological state of the body (i.e., interoception) plays a key role in self‐consciousness and the first‐person experience. The present study examined cultural differences in interoceptive processing. We focused on a behavioral measure of cardiac processing, which was assessed using a heartbeat‐counting task; namely, interoceptive accuracy (IAcc). Study 1 compared IAcc scores that were previously collected in Japan and the United Kingdom and found no statistically significant differences between the cultures. Study 2 was conducted in a more elaborate manner; that is, we collected new data on IAcc from Japanese students using better‐adapted task instructions, as well as possible confounds that influence IAcc (i.e., time estimation, knowledge of heart rate, and actual heart rate). We compared these data with those collected from Belgian students and found that the Japanese participants detected heartbeats more accurately than did the Europeans. The results are discussed from the perspective of cultural differences in objective self‐awareness, and a self‐flexibility and a bodily precision account of IAcc.

Examining the Differences between Chinese and American Classroom Instruction

The most fundamental organizational similarities in teaching job is classroom instruction. We can improve the reform of teaching classrooms and improve the caliber of classroom teaching in China based on the study and analysis to take advantage of the strengths and weaknesses by analyzing and comparing the various characteristics of teachers and students in teaching and learning in two countries from the perspective of cultural differences.

Executives’ overseas experience and corporate pay gap

ABSTRACT The increasing number of migrants returning from developed countries has become a global trend. This study examined the impact of executives’ overseas experience on the corporate pay gap from the perspective of cultural differences. Using publicly available data collected manually from listed Chinese firms concerning executives’ overseas experience from 2011 to 2018, we found that executives’ overseas experience was positively associated with both internal and external pay gaps. Additionally, the higher the number of executives with overseas experience, the higher the pay gap. These findings highlight the effects of cultural differences on corporate governance.

Comparison of Senior Leisure Activities in China and the United States from the Perspective of Cultural Differences

Leisure activities are important in older adults’ life. With the higher mobility and internationalization of population, the leisure behavior and habits of older adults in different countries have become a popular topic among international scholars. This study was to compare the different leisure activities of older adults in two countries—the US and China—to discuss the possible reasons for the differences from traditional and social-cultural aspects. The sample data (192 Chinese aged over 60) was collected in a metropolis in China—Hangzhou—and was compared with data undertaken by Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) published in American Time Use Survey (ATUS). We found that older adults in the US and China spend similar daily leisure time on average; watching TV and walking are the most popular choices of indoor and outdoor leisure activities, respectively, by both Americans and Chinese. Surfing the Internet, communicating with others (indoor) and traditional activities (leisure activities from ancient China, like Taiji, sword dancing, etc.), and physical exercises (outdoor) are the second most popular choices of Chinese older adults; while socializing, reading, working out, and using sports technology equipment for outdoor exercising are popular among older adults in the US. Possible reasons for the differences were discussed from individual differences and collectivist cultures, independent and dependent habits, reliance on family, early education, and the value of young mentality versus conservative spirit.

Revisiting the Causes of the Pull-to-Centre Effect: Evidence From China.

Prior experimental studies have shown that individuals' actual ordering decisions significantly deviate from the theoretical optimum in newsvendor problems and show the robust pull-to-centre (PTC) effect. Several human behaviours have been confirmed to be the causes of the PTC. However, most newsvendor experiments have been conducted in multicultural countries (e.g., the United States and Germany). As there exist mutual influences between culture and behaviour, in this study, we revisit the ordering biases in a monocultural country to examine the robustness of the PTC and whether the causes can still explain this phenomenon. Our results show that the PTC still prevails and heuristics still work. However, overconfidence cannot perfectly interpret the PTC in China for probable inconsistent confidence levels in individual judgments and decisions. Moreover, the “centre" may no longer be the mean demand but the average value of the realised demand. We explain these changes from the perspective of cultural differences. To be more specific, collectivism, holistic style, and Doctrine of the Mean play vital roles in Chinese newsvendors' decisions.

The Cultivation of Quality Education in College English Teaching from the Perspective of Cultural Differences

The Cultivation of Quality Education in College English Teaching from the Perspective of Cultural Differences

On the Translation of English and Chinese Idioms from the Perspective of Cultural Differences

As the elite of language and the crystallization of a nation’s culture and wisdom, idioms are a kind of peculiar and fixed expressions formed in language use. The translation of English and Chinese idioms has been occupying a significant place in translation area. This paper aims to probe into the cultural differences influencing the translation of these two different language idioms from the perspective of living environment, traditional custom and material culture. Besides, some translation skills of English and Chinese idioms are covered in this paper.

Translation of English and Chinese Idioms from the Perspective of Cultural Differences

With the increasingly frequent exchanges between countries, personnel interaction is increasingly close the rapid spread of culture. Language, as a communication carrier, is indispensable, and idioms are a very important part of the language. Idioms are a refined form of language produced in people's long-term production and life. They are deeply rooted in the national culture and have become a difficulty in translation due to their high cultural content. As the language with the largest number of speakers in the world, English and Chinese idioms have their own cultural differences and are indispensable cultural wealth in the world. In order to ensure that the original text and the translation can complement each other in content and form, it is necessary to master the translation of idioms. The purpose of this paper is to study the perspective of cultural differences between English and Chinese idioms translation, this paper analyzes the method and skill of English and Chinese idioms translation, adopt the method of research experiment analyzed the influence of cultural differences on English and Chinese idioms translation, in the process of English and Chinese idioms translation now have some problems, for example, analysis, and puts forward some Suggestions. It is hoped that the translation of idioms can be considered from the perspective of cultural differences and the principle of translation should be followed to make the translation not only convey the meaning but also convey the essence to the greatest extent. According to the survey data, 80% of the scholars not only need a certain cultural basis as the background, but also show a kind of cultural difference, which has an important impact on the translation of English and Chinese idioms. Only by understanding the differences and unity of English and Chinese culture in a practical way, can idiom translation become more fluent in a real sense.

Translation of Titles of Chinese Costume Dramas from the Perspective of Cultural Differences

Chinese costume dramas are rich in Chinese cultural elements, but there is an inescapable challenge in the English translation of the titles: cultural differences. Titles of Chinese costume dramas have two main characteristics: implicitness and simplicity, while those of British and American costume dramas are clear and concise. Therefore, this paper proposes that the primary principle for the English translation of titles of Chinese costume dramas is to simplify and crystallize. Titles of Chinese costume dramas are divided into two categories, and specific translation strategies are proposed in this paper. The strategies of free translation, creative translation and borrowing are preferred for implicit titles; transliteration and literal translation, and subtractive translation are adopted for explicit ones.

The Cultivation of Quality Education in College English Teaching from the Perspective of Cultural Differences between China and Western Countries

The Cultivation of Quality Education in College English Teaching from the Perspective of Cultural Differences between China and Western Countries

Comparative Study of Chinese Cuju and Western Football Sport: from the Perspective of Cultural Differences between the East and the West

Cuju was widely played in the 4th century B.C. in Linzi, the capital of Qi State. While, it was not until the early 19th century that football became popular in the UK. Although the emergence of Cuju was 1,500 years earlier than football, the culture of Cuju had long disappeared into the river of history. However, modern football has developed into the “world’s first sport”, which intoxicate the world fans. Based on the theory of inter-cultural communication, this paper starts from the development of Cuju and football, discusses the differences between Eastern and Western football cultures and analyzes the reasons for them. In modern society, football is not only a competition on the playing ground, but also a bridge of cultural communication between the East and the West. Especially after successfully hosting the Beijing Olympic Games, China has had a deep communication with other countries. Under such circumstance, it is essential to understand the differences between Eastern and Western football cultures.

Comparison of Chinese and Western Ethics from Perspective of Cultural Differences

Given the difference between Chinese and western culture, the article intends to compare and contrast the ethics of the two cultures briefly with an attempt to boost the cross-cultural communication and remove some cross-cultural communication barriers.

The Cultivation of Cross-cultural Awareness in College English Teaching from the Perspective of Cultural Differences Between Chinese and Western

Languages are sort of carrier of different cultures, and the process of language learning is a part of culture learning as well. Once students have a deep understanding of the culture behind a foreign language, language learning might be a piece of cake for them. In this paper, facing the English teaching ways from the perspective of the cultural difference, we analyze the language differences caused by cultural differences, in order to help college students master the cultural background of the foreign languages. The cross-cultural communicative competence is a paramount ability to students, thus college teachers should practice students' intercultural awareness before they teach some grammar. In the following sections, we analyze the connotation of cross-culture, and discuss the importance of the cultivation of cross-cultural awareness.

Research on pragmatic failure in Business English based on cultural awareness

Business English is an important part of business negotiation. From the perspective of cultural differences in various countries, the pragmatic failure in the negotiation process is inevitable. This paper introduces the manifestation pattern of pragmatic failure in English, and establishes a hierarchical structure by the use of AHP, of which the target layer is the most prone areas of pragmatic failure; the criteria layer is the fuzzy words, people’s names, tense and mood; the scheme layer is the food culture, traditional culture and etiquette culture, and also evaluates the most prone areas of pragmatic failure in these three aspects. The results show that, the probability of pragmatic failure for the food culture in Business English is the highest, followed by the etiquette culture. Under the premise of combination with the actual situation, this paper analyzes the rationality of the model.

한국과 캐나다 거주 한국 노인의 심리사회적 성숙경험에 관한 연구

This study examines cultural differneces in psychosocial maturity experiences between collectivistic and individualistic cultures. Personal, relational, and social dimensions were assessed to explore psychosocial maturity experience of elderly Korean residents in Korea and Canada who were psychosocially well developed through in-depth interviews and a content analysis. According to the results, there were diverse similarities and differences in the psychosocial maturity of elderly Korean residents between the two cultures. First, psychosocially mature elderly residents in both cultures showed positive self-concept and self-satisfaction. However, there were differences in their meaning. Second, in terms of interpersonal relations, the most important and satisfying relationship was the spousal relationship for both cultures, and relationships with children were satisfying. However, there were differences in the meaning of relationships between the two cultures as well as gender differences. Third, psychosocially mature elderly residents in both cultures reported psychosocial factors such as mature aging as a social dimension. Elderly residents in Korea regarded mature aging as a relationship oriented phenomenon, whereas those in Canada reported social attitudes toward mature aging. In addition, elderly residents in both cultures reported greed and harm to others as immature aging. Elderly residents in Korea regarded relational discord as immature aging, whereas those in Canada regarded it as demanding adult treatment from future generation. In terms of transcendence, adjustment was reported as living by going with the flow. Elderly residents in Korea reported adjustment based on fatalism, whereas those in Canada showed some religious meaning. Finally, psychosocially mature elderly residents showed a positive view, acceptance and life integration. These results are discussed from the perspective of cultural differences.

An exploration of nursing preceptorship and functions and nurses' intention to stay from the perspective of cultural differences

Culture has a great impact on human behavior; this is the key for organizational cultures in the Chinese society where relationships and hierarchy are emphasized and is especially exerted to the utmost by relationalism in Taiwan's collective society. The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in the nature of preceptorship and functions between Eastern and Western cultures. An exploratory research design was used. Qualitative field interviews were carried out with 20 new nurses who had worked in hospital settings for one year or less. In addition to the existing phases of a mentoring relationship, we drew out another preceptorship function dimension which represented the unique family ethics and superior-subordinate relationships in the Chinese nursing field and also added an important function, the quasi-family functions to the mentoring. With the in-depth understanding of preceptorship in the Chinese culture, the development of localized teaching strategies for preceptors could effectively improve new nurses' job satisfaction and intention to stay and reduce their reality shock and role ambiguity.

Research on American English Translation of Chinese Signs in Baoding from the Perspective of Cultural Differences

This thesis aims at analyzing the American English translation of Chinese signs in Baoding from the perspective of cultural differences. The thesis researches on signs translation from a new angle by separating American English translation from British English translation and puts special emphasis on American English signs translation, which may be helpful to the standardization of signs translation in China. Through digging out the cultural differences from different thinking mode, value, and usage of the words, the author tries to show how to make the translation purer and tries to revise the translation.

Teaching mathematically talented students: a cross-cultural study about their teachers’ views

The instruction of mathematically talented students (MTS) in heterogeneous classes is an issue of debate. Questions of equity, differential instruction, teacher awareness of their talented students’ needs, and their willingness and competence to face the challenges of nurturing these students are all raised within this context. Our international study compared South Korean, American, and Israeli teachers of mathematics perspectives concerning their (a) perceived competence to teach MTS (b) perceived competence in addressing MTS’ needs through differential instruction, (c) support for separation of MTS into special math classes, and (d) equity views concerning MTS’ needs. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire presented to 80 South Korean, 145 Israeli, and 58 American teachers of mathematics. Findings suggested that most teachers in these countries perceived themselves as competent to teach MTS, while very few of the participants supported the separation of MTS into special classes. South Korean teachers perceived themselves to be less competent in teaching MTS as well as in applying differential instruction and agreed more than their foreign counterparts that the fostering of mathematically weak students is more important than the fostering of MTS. Teachers who had some mathematical background appeared to perceive themselves as more competent to teach MTS than teachers who had no mathematical background. Teachers who predominantly taught large classes felt less competent to teach MTS than teachers who predominantly taught medium-sized classes. Findings were partially interpreted within the perspective of cultural differences. Recommendations for teachers’ professional development are drawn.