Personal Need Research Articles

Convertible staircase lift

The present work investigates the design and analysis of a staircase lift, which can be used as a Material Handling System. A staircase lift is a mechanical device for lifting people and wheelchairs up and down the stairs, who may find difficulty in doing so themselves. For sufficiently wide stairs, a rail is mounted to the treads of the stairs. A chair or lifting platform is attached to the rail. A person on the chair or platform is lifted as the chair or platform moves along the rail, old age and goods are to be carried across the staircase. A staircase lift is a type of lift that can be mounted on the staircase without altering civil structure. Not only altering, but the person need not change the seat from the wheelchair to the staircase lift, there is a foldable supporting rod for the staircase lift which directly attaches to the wheelchair. This lift runs on electric power and consists of a motor, reduction gearbox, rope drive, two rails and a sliding chair. In this system, we use a DC motor for changing the polarity of the power supply which will make the motor run in reverse direction. Advantages over the conventional hydraulic lift are no civil structure and alteration is required, low cost, less bulkiness, less power, less maintenance required. Easy design, easy installations can be of industrial use too. Moreover, considering some drawbacks due to weight carrying capacity completely depends upon the capacity of the motor. There is a lot of scope for further modification in the project as using a monorail instead of two, using a belt drive or chain drive instead of a rope drive. Incorporation and automation/timer unit will ease the use of the device. Rack and carrier arrangement for using the device for a curved staircase and use of work & roller reduction gear assembly.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enhanced learning analytics (LA) for supporting Career decisions: advantages and challenges from user perspective

Artificial intelligence (AI) and learning analytics (LA) tools are increasingly implemented as decision support for learners and professionals. However, their affordances for guidance purposes have yet to be examined. In this paper, we investigated advantages and challenges of AI-enhanced LA tool for supporting career decisions from the user perspective. Participants (N = 106) interacted with the AI-enhanced LA tool and responded to open-ended questionnaire questions. Content analysis was utilized for the data analysis applying two distinct and robust frameworks: technology acceptance model (TAM) and career decision-making model (CDM) as well as looking into user needs. Results indicate that the AI-enhanced LA tool provided five main benefits to the users: provision of career information, research and analysis of the information, diversification of ideas on possible career paths, providing direction and decision support, and self-reflection. The participants perceived the AI-enhanced LA tool as a supportive asset to be used in transitional life situations characterized with uncertainty. Considerable use difficulties were reported as well as need for further diversification of ideas on possible career paths, need for personalization and self-reflection support, and need for further information. Results regarding perceived support for making career decisions showed that CDM elements were unequally supported by the AI-enhanced LA tool. Most support was focused to investigate smaller number of provided options and make decisions, while contextual information was lacking. Implications for career decision making are discussed.

MEDICAL FIELD VOLUNTEERS’ MOTIVATIONAL RESOURCES IN CRISIS CONDITIONS

The purpose of this study is to explore the psychological characteristics of motivational resources contributing to effective performance in crisis conditions among medical field volunteers. To achieve this objective, a psychodiagnostic survey was conducted among volunteers using a self-assessment questionnaire assessing performance and effectiveness in volunteer activities in crisis conditions, paired with the "Diagnostic of Motivational Personality Structure" methodology by V. Milman. The surveyed volunteers’ group was divided into three samples based on the level and content of their education in the health field: medical students, healthcare professionals (doctors of various specializations, nurses, pharmacists, rehabilitation specialists, and others), and individuals with education in public administration and management in healthcare. The statistical methods applied in these three empirical samples (i.e., descriptive analysis, Fisher's analysis of variance, and post hoc tests) allowed characterizing the peculiarities of motivational resources among volunteers. Based on the empirical data, it was determined that, in the personal well-being context, the primary competencies of the motivation-value resource for volunteers in the medical field in crisis conditions were a sense of personal need to partake in volunteer work and the presence of motivation for social (community) usefulness, leading to enrichment of the volunteer’s personality. Motivation for safety and comfort or a high fascination with business leads to an excessive idealization of the results and processes of volunteer activities, exhausts the individual, and can be a factor contributing to burnout.

A casemix classification for those receiving specialist palliative care during their last year of life across England: the C-CHANGE research programme

A casemix classification for those receiving specialist palliative care during their last year of life across England: the C-CHANGE research programme

Equality, diversity and inclusion: learning from laying our cards on the table (resource showcase)

In this showcase, we presented a card resource for learning developers who work with staff or students to set up an inclusive learning environment. These are often personal interactions and need to be explored respectfully (Love, Gaynor, and Blessett, 2016; Mahmood, Gray and Benincasa, 2022). The Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) cards were created by the University of Hertfordshire and comprise 26 topics and illustrations, ranging from ‘belonging’ to ‘trust’, and exist in both a physical and digital format. Resources used as games can encourage participation, reflection, and transformational thinking (Peabody and Noyes, 2017; Clark, Dickerson, and Jarvis, 2022), which are all important for encouraging respectful conversations about EDI issues.
 A collaborative project with the University of East Anglia to explore the use of the cards was funded by ALDinHE. Full ethics approval was gained from both universities before beginning. It recruited staff and students at Hertfordshire and East Anglia who worked with EDI issues and gathered reflections from facilitators and participants who used the cards in different learning contexts, such as academic support staff development exercises and student representation workshops. They reported that the card prompts allowed for personal storytelling and they suggested further topics for the cards set.
 This session, led by learning developers and teaching staff, explored the idea of the ‘brave space’ (Arao and Clemens, 2013, p. 142; Palfrey, 2017) and why ‘serious play’ is important in learning (Rieber, Smith and Noah, 1998, p. 29). It discussed where and when the cards can be used, in terms of: a physical or digital space; the curriculum or disciplinary context; and the stage of the learner’s journey. The EDI cards and new guidance booklet were made available for delegates to take away.

Revolutionizing Healthcare: The Role of AI-Based Medical Expert Systems in Building a Better Future

Modern society has an increasing need for better architecture and medical care. However, this difficulty is not sufficiently addressed by present medical architecture. The Medicinal Expert technique can be used to help persons in need in order to address this issue. A tremendous amount of medical data, including patient medical histories, records, and new medications, can be managed and maintained using this technology. It can help with decision-making and fill in for specialists when they are not present. The Medicinal Expert approach is a complex computer software system that generates forecasts using empirical data and expert knowledge. Based on the available training data and knowledge base, these systems function intelligently. Additionally, there are numerous Medical Expert System tools that support clinicians, help with diagnosis, and are crucial for instructing medical students. In this study, we introduce an AI-based Medical Expert System, its features, and its potential to help patients and medical students. We also go through some key findings from recent and prior research on expert systems, as well as how these systems can make the world a better place.

The intensive care unit diary as a valuable care tool: A qualitative study of patients’ experiences

ObjectivesThe aim is to learn about patients' experience of reading the diary, assess attributed meaning and explore patients’ experience and memories during their stay in the intensive care unit. SettingEleven patients who received the diary after a stay in a nine-bed cardiac intensive care unit in Southern Switzerland, from November 2019 to October 2021. Main Outcome MeasuresDescriptive qualitative research was performed using semi-structured interviews, followed by thematic analysis. Three research nurses conducted individual telephone or face-to-face interviews. FindingsFifteen sub-themes emerged from the data interviews and were grouped into five main categories: a) the experience in the intensive care unit; b) Post Intensive Care Syndrome symptoms; c) the patient diary; d) new meaning of life; and e) sharing. Patients showed difficulties in remembering and understanding what happened during the hospitalization period. Reading the diary enabled them to understand the impact that the illness had on their daily experience. For some of them, reading the diary was helpful in reacting positively during moments of discouragement. ConclusionQualitative approach allowed us to assess how patients perceive the diary in the intensive care unit in a cultural context of Central and Southern Europe, which is still poorly investigated. The diary responded to the person's need to know what happened during a period that they had no memory of. Its use demonstrated important benefits, allowing people to understand the impact that the illness had on everyday life. It allowed them to relate to the difficulties encountered during the healing process. Thus, the diary played an important role during the healing process. Implications for clinical practiceThe diary was appreciated by patients during all stages of recovery from severe and acute illness. Gaps within the narration were avoided, in order to provide patients with a better timeline of the events occurred during the time they were unconscious.

Capital in Adaptation to Culture Shock in Overseas Students of Muhammadiyah University Surakarta

The existence of cultural differences in an area causes the phenomenon of culture shock. Capital becomes a person's need to carry out activities in an area or arena that has a different background in order to adapt. This study aims to find out how forms of capital adapt to culture shock in overseas students at the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach using case studies. The data collection method uses the Multiple Source of Evidence principle, by conducting in-depth interviews and participant observation of several students who experience culture shock. The results of the study show that there are three aspects of social capital that help to adapt to the environment of overseas students at the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. These three aspects are Ability to communicate, Socialization ability into culture, and Solidarity. These three aspects come from the cultural capital found in overseas students at the Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta in meeting the needs of culture shock adaptation in Solo.

Cross-platform language learning: A spatial perspective on narratives of language learning across digital platforms

In the current reality of digital activity, individuals often explore more than one digital platform for language learning. Despite increasing research on the uses of digital platforms for language learning in informal contexts, the cross-platform experience remains in need of elucidation. Drawing on spatial perspectives on digital technology and language learning to conceptualize digital platforms as digital spaces, this study examines the cross-platform experiences of two international students studying English in Australia based on narrative data collected from journal entries, stimulated recall interviews, and social media posts. A narrative approach to the analysis reveals precisely how they organized a variety of digital resources and learning opportunities in online gaming, searching, media-sharing, social networking, and language learning spaces. The learners strategically orchestrated this particular range of digital spaces in alignment with personal interest and need. In accordance with the specific affordances of technological features in these spaces, they created a shared space of interaction in which learning occurred across geographically remote, networked individuals through multimodal language practices. The narrative approach is seen to add analytical power to the issue of space in the sphere of informal digital language learning, in which unique learning pathways for navigating diverse digital spaces are important.

Personality and Lifetime Need Frustration: A Person-Centered Perspective on Interpersonal Problems and Personality Pathology

The current research adopted a person-centered approach to examine whether people’s experiences of lifetime need frustration interact with their personality trait profiles to predict their problems and pathology from the perspectives of both the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) and the five-factor model (FFM). Data (N = 1,026) were analyzed using multilevel modeling. Consistent with prediction, lifetime need frustration predicted participants’ overall levels of interpersonal distress and personality pathology. Furthermore, levels of lifetime need frustration predicted the strength of the relationship between participants’ trait profiles (i.e., IPC and FFM) and their corresponding profiles of interpersonal problems and personality pathology. Findings from the present study demonstrate how between-person differences in lifetime need frustration give rise to the within-person organization of psychological maladjustment and highlight the importance of people’s traits in predicting their unique maladaptations to having their basic psychological needs frustrated.

Detecting Social Contexts from Mobile Sensing Indicators in Virtual Interactions with Socially Anxious Individuals.

Mobile sensing is a ubiquitous and useful tool to make inferences about individuals' mental health based on physiology and behavior patterns. Along with sensing features directly associated with mental health, it can be valuable to detect different features of social contexts to learn about social interaction patterns over time and across different environments. This can provide insight into diverse communities' academic, work and social lives, and their social networks. We posit that passively detecting social contexts can be particularly useful for social anxiety research, as it may ultimately help identify changes in social anxiety status and patterns of social avoidance and withdrawal. To this end, we recruited a sample of highly socially anxious undergraduate students (N=46) to examine whether we could detect the presence of experimentally manipulated virtual social contexts via wristband sensors. Using a multitask machine learning pipeline, we leveraged passively sensed biobehavioral streams to detect contexts relevant to social anxiety, including (1) whether people were in a social situation, (2) size of the social group, (3) degree of social evaluation, and (4) phase of social situation (anticipating, actively experiencing, or had just participated in an experience). Results demonstrated the feasibility of detecting most virtual social contexts, with stronger predictive accuracy when detecting whether individuals were in a social situation or not and the phase of the situation, and weaker predictive accuracy when detecting the level of social evaluation. They also indicated that sensing streams are differentially important to prediction based on the context being predicted. Our findings also provide useful information regarding design elements relevant to passive context detection, including optimal sensing duration, the utility of different sensing modalities, and the need for personalization. We discuss implications of these findings for future work on context detection (e.g., just-in-time adaptive intervention development).

VReedom: training for authorized leave of absence through virtual reality - a feasibility study.

This study assessed the feasibility, implementation process and outcomes of the VReedom training; a virtual reality (VR)-based intervention designed to prepare forensic psychiatric patients for their first authorized leave. Clinical forensic mental healthcare organization Inforsa, operating at security level 3, introduced the VReedom training for forensic patients eligible for their first authorized leave, between March 1st and November 13th, 2022. Employing a retrospective observational cohort study design with patient dossier data as the primary source, the study also used participant observation, weekly evaluative questionnaires and focus group discussions as data sources. Five objectives were utilized to evaluate the feasibility: recruitment capacity and resulting sample characteristics, data collection and evaluation procedures, acceptability and suitability of the training and protocol, training management and implementation, and preliminary participant results. Despite the lack of a control group, findings align with literature suggesting VR's potential for enhancing treatment motivation and reducing stress in preparation for first authorized leave. Of 13 patients approached, 10 participated without dropouts, and no incidents occurred during training. Emotion elicitation was successful, supporting VR Exposure therapy's efficacy. Findings align with literature, emphasizing VR's value in forensic psychiatry. Establishing favorable implementation conditions was crucial, with positive reception from treatment providers. Also, the need for personalization and additional locations was identified, and the training seemed most suitable for patients with a tbs-measure. Future research with control groups is recommended to further validate the effectiveness of the VReedom training intervention, and further protocol development is necessary to make it suitable for a broader population. Current findings contribute to the refinement and expansion of evidence-based practices in the field of VR-assisted training and treatment in forensic psychiatry.

학교현장실습에서 예비유아교사가 인식한 교사 역량에 대한 중요도 및 자기 실행도 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to identify the importance and self-performance level of teacher competencies recognized by pre-service early childhood teachers in school field practice, as well as the gaps, and to find effective strategies for the realization of kindergarten field practice.
 Methods To this end, a survey was conducted among 183 university students in the Department of Early Childhood Education in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, who had completed kindergarten field training, asking about the importance and self-performance of teacher competencies. Descriptive statistics and corresponding sample t verification of importance and execution were performed, and importance-performance analysis (IPA) was performed to explore strategies.
 Results The importance and self-performance level of teacher competencies perceived by pre-service early childhood teachers in kindergarten field practice were both high, and the level of teacher competency recognition related to teaching personality was the highest. On the other hand, the competency related to learning guidance was relatively low, and especially in the field of learning guidance, the competency related to evaluation was the lowest. As a result of analyzing the difference between importance and performance, the level of performance was found to be low compared to the degree of importance, and the difference between importance and performance was statistically significant in all competencies except interpersonal competence. Finally, the IPA analysis showed that all teacher competencies were concentrated in quadrants 1 and 3. In the first quadrant, teaching passion, teaching ethics, teacher infant interaction, kindergarten life adaptation guidance, basic life guidance, personality guidance, interpersonal relationships, and communication capabilities were distributed. In addition, the three quadrants included curriculum content analysis, lesson plan establishment, learning environment creation, teacher presentation, learning material production and utilization, evaluation content and method, evaluation result utilization, early childhood observation and evaluation, health and safety guidance.
 Conclusions Competencies related to teaching personality need to be maintained continuously because both the level of importance and self-performance awareness are high, and the competencies related to learning guidance have a relatively low level of importance and self-performance awareness, so it is necessary to take measures to improve kindergarten field practice to increase them.

Resources and transversal competencies to reconcile child and parental responsibilities: A mini-review of the impact of COVID-19 on the Italian sandwich generation.

Longer life spans and the delayed economic and psychological independence of children mean that middle-aged parents find themselves caring for parents and children at the same period in their lives, at times this care may extend to grandchildren and grandparents. The type of care varies depending on each person's need but also on the gender of the individual who looks after their parents while taking care of their own children. Cultural factors can also come into play. Complications in the lives of those who are part of the Sandwich Generation (SG) may arise affecting the quality of their time, their psyche, physical and financial situation. Having the necessary skills and strategies to cope with these complications is extremely important.

Using Mobile Technology in Student Learning and Advanced Thinking Skills

To meet their learning demands in a university context, students' regular usage of digital technology has raised the need for personalization and diversity. Mobile devices are expanding into the mainstream and giving students more opportunities. Students are at ease utilizing digital technology and rapidly and easily pick up new technology. Students are engaged in their education outside of the typical classroom setting when mobile technology is used. Higher education institutions have recently supported students' usage of mobile technology to foster learning and growth. The educational options offered by mobile technology can help students succeed in higher education. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between college students’ academic use of mobile technology and their superior thinking skills through their active participation and learning efforts. The sample consisted of 656 students from a university in West Java, and the data were analyzed using a structured least squares equation model. The results show that the use of mobile technology in learning directly affects students’ thinking skills, in addition to their learning effort and active participation in the classroom. These findings provide valuable information for higher education institutions seeking to introduce interactive and technology-integrated environments.

How I want technology used in my care: Learning from documented choices of people living with dementia using a dyadic decision making tool

ABSTRACTWhile technologies for aging in place are promoted to support care partners and people living with dementia, perspectives of people living with dementia are underrepresented in both use decisions among families and discussions within academia and industry. This mixed-methods study examined the use preferences of twenty-nine people living with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) for four categories of technologies: location tracking, in-home sensors, web-cameras, and virtual companion robots. Participants completed a novel dyadic intervention, Let’s Talk Tech, where they documented their preferences of the four technology categories for care planning purposes. Post-test interviews were thematically analyzed and provide insight into selection processes. Technology preferences varied considerably by and within participant living with mild AD. Excepting location tracking, non-technology and low-technology options were more desirable than the featured technologies. Control over technology use was of great importance to people living with AD. Considerations given to technology preference selection imperfectly fit within the new Health Technology Acceptance Model (H-TAM) developed for older adults. These findings underscore the importance of including people living with dementia in decision making about technologies to support care at home and the need for further personalization and tailorable technological devices to accommodate and align with their preferences.

Higher Art Education at Civilisational Crossroads: Creative, Personal, and Social Needs

The purpose of the article is to consider current issues of national higher art education in the context of meeting creative, personal, and social needs. Research methodology. To achieve the goal, general scientific (analysis and synthesis, generalisation) and special research methods were used. The systematic-analytical method made it possible to determine the features of modern art education, and the axiological method helped to identify the value priorities of art education, taking into account the needs of society and the artist. The method of theoretical generalisation was used to establish the specifics of the functioning of art education in modern conditions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the theoretical understanding of modern processes in art education, taking into account its personal, creative, and social potential. Conclusions. In general, the organisation of higher education in Ukraine provides a comprehensive approach to the training of an artist. The level of higher art education largely reflects the state of national education in general, the ability of students to act as producers of material and spiritual values, which characterises them as the spiritual potential of Ukraine. In order to address the issue of artistic education's relevance to contemporary civilisational challenges, its structure should be systematically modernised, taking into account the national educational experience gained. Traditional art education should be aimed at educating not only a producer of material values, but also a specialist capable of passing on his experience to a new generation, promoting spiritual values and interest in artistic activity among society by his own example. On the other hand, art education should enable artists to fulfil their creative and professional needs, which, in turn, should coincide with the development goals and needs of society.
 Key words: art education, artist, art, professional realisation, creativity, hermeneutics.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY: AMAZON V/S FLIPKART

Internet has become powerful and basic tool for every person's need and the way people work by integrating various online management tools using internet, online shopping has made it easy for everyone with their product variations and simple way to buy things. An attempt has been made critically to examine and compare various aspects such as customer satisfaction, product range, user experiences, market share, customer service and many more of two big E-tailors i.e. Flipkart and Amazon. Amazon is a global e-commerce and technology conglomerate founded by Jeff Bezos in 1994. It started as an online bookstore and has since evolved into one of the world's largest online retailers. On the other hand Flipkart is a prominent Indian e-commerce company founded by Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal in 2007. Initially an online bookstore, it has grown to become a comprehensive online marketplace offering a wide array of products. Both these big players have made their own mark in India, but who is going to be ultimate winner? or be the top one, is going to be “A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON AMAZON AND FLIPKART” which delivers the information about the different strategies that helped the company to be successful in e- commerce market. Keywords: Product Authenticity, Customer Service, Consumer Attitude, Consumer Perception.

A. S. Makarenko and the fate of his legacy in nowadays Russia

Introduction. The problem of educating the younger generation is one of the most important in modern Russian pedagogy. Russian scientists and teachers are carefully studying the legacy of their outstanding predecessors, the teachers of the past. Anton Semyonovich Makarenko (1888-1939) is one of such scientists who have left a unique mark in pedagogical science and practice. The article was written in connection with the 135th anniversary of his birth. The purpose of the article is to show the importance of Makarenko's personality in the development of Russian education. As tasks, the author highlights the characterization and evaluation of his achievements in practical work and pedagogical theory, the presentation of previously unknown biographical data of the teacher, his colleagues and relatives. Materials and methods. In the process of working on the article, the author used the following research methods: analysis of historical and pedagogical, memoir and fiction literature on the topic of the work, biographical, historical and comparative methods, as well as axiological (value) approach to the study of pedagogical innovations by A. S. Makarenko. Results. Up to the present time, Makarenko's personality, his practical activities and literary works cause heated debates among Russian practical teachers and theoretical teachers. The author characterizes Makarenko's achievements as a teacher, manifested in a factually reliable and accurate disclosure of the events of the biography of an outstanding teacher and his selfless efforts in the re-education of pupils and the pedagogization of their social environment. Makarenko is shown as a prominent writer and teacher. In fact, he is the founder of Russian artistic and pedagogical literature ("Pedagogical poem", "Flags on towers", "Book for parents"). Conclusion. The Soviet education had developed itself for decades in the main stream of the pedagogy of Makarenko. But the post-Soviet Russian education seems to avoid the Makarenko’s legacy. A. S. Makarenko is one of the most important teachers in the history of Russian education. His personality and pedagogical heritage need further study by historians of pedagogy.

Towards Personalization of Planning Target Volume Margins Fitted to the Abdominal Adiposity in Localized Prostate Cancer Patients Receiving Definitive or Adjuvant/Salvage Radiotherapy: Suggestive Data from an ExacTrac vs. CBCT Comparison.

This study aimed to assess whether the patient's abdominal adiposity affects the performance of the Exactrac imaging system compared to the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based setup, which was used as the reference positioning for the image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) delivery to patients with localized prostate cancer. The daily positionings of patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing definitive or adjuvant/salvage radiotherapy (RT) were analyzed. The abdominal fat areas and pelvic incidence angle were determined on the CT simulation for each patient. A couple of ExacTrac images and a CBCT were acquired daily to verify the patient setup. We recorded every daily set of the three residual translational errors detected on the CBCT after the ExacTrac-based setup. These sets were clustered within three different thresholds (0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.3 mm), for each of which the influence of adipose tissues on Exactrac accuracy was assessed as the percentage of sub-threshold displacements as the fat parameters varied. A full bladder and empty rectum preparation protocol was adopted as much as possible. From the assessment of 1,770 daily positionings in 55 patients (38 definitive RT, 17 adjuvant/salvage RT), a good agreement between ExacTrac and CBCT could be inferred, which was quite robust against slight variations in the bladder and rectal filling, and the presence or not of the prostate. The percentages of above-threshold corrections increased with increasing abdominal fat, which therefore seemed to reduce the ExacTrac accuracy. This might be influenced by any intrafraction prostate displacement, likely induced by abdominal respiratory movements, and are more pronounced among overweight men. Our results promote the CBCT use over ExacTrac for IGRT of overweight patients with localized prostate cancer, while calling for attention to the probable need for personalization of planning target volume margins depending on the patient's body habitus.