Personal Exercise Research Articles

On the personal diet considering qualitative and quantitative issues

This study integrates the analytic hierarchy process method, multi-choice goal programming (MCGP), and multi-segment goal programming (MSGP) as a new model to resolve the problem of customized suggestions on exercise plans and diet meals. For personal diet decision support (PDDS), a model-based system is implemented to solve both the exercise selection and diet meals problems. Moreover, the novel pseudo-integer (PI) technique is proposed to solve the large size of PDDS problem efficiently. Also, the MCGP-U technique is adopted to consider users’ risk attitude in the decision-making of diet and exercise.It is intended to help people design their daily personal diet menus and exercise suggestions in achieving their weight loss goals and satisfying the requirements of a balanced diet. The proposed model has the following contributions: (1) it provides a customized exercise plan according to the user’s personal needs of exercise preference and risk attitudes, (2) it allows users to design their daily diet menu according to their individual needs for calories and nutrients, (3) it offers a novel PI method that can easily solve large-sized PDDS problem efficiently, (4) it adopts the MCGP-U technique to consider PDDS’s qualitative issue, and (5) it provides the total solution of exercise and meal suggestion for users to achieve the goal of weight loss. These advantages are of great help to both diabetic patients and healthy people. This improves the healthcare services in developed and developing countries considering multiple qualitative and quantitative criteria.

Exercise Training Induces a Shift in Extracellular Redox Status with Alterations in the Pulmonary and Systemic Redox Landscape in Asthma.

Redox dysregulation and oxidative stress have been implicated in asthma pathogenesis. Exercise interventions improve symptoms and reduce inflammation in asthma patients, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that a personalised exercise intervention would improve asthma control by reducing lung inflammation through modulation of local and systemic reactive species interactions, thereby increasing antioxidant capacity. We combined deep redox metabolomic profiling with clinical assessment in an exploratory cohort of six female patients with symptomatic asthma and studied their responses to a metabolically targeted exercise intervention over 12 weeks. Plasma antioxidant capacity and circulating nitrite levels increased following the intervention (p = 0.028) and lowered the ratio of reduced to oxidised glutathione (p = 0.029); this was accompanied by improvements in physical fitness (p = 0.046), symptoms scores (p = 0.020), quality of life (p = 0.046), lung function (p = 0.028), airway hyperreactivity (p = 0.043), and eosinophilic inflammation (p = 0.007). Increased physical fitness correlated with improved plasma antioxidant capacity (p = 0.019), peak oxygen uptake and nitrite changes (p = 0.005), the latter also associated with reductions in peripheral blood eosinophil counts (p = 0.038). Thus, increases in “redox resilience” may underpin the clinical benefits of exercise in asthma. An improved understanding of exercise-induced alterations in redox regulation offers opportunities for greater treatment personalisation and identification of new treatment targets.

Exploring Stressors Experienced During Graduate Nursing Education

Students in graduate nursing programs balance family and work responsibilities with rigorous didactic and clinical courses. These demands can impact academic success and health. Graduates of our master’s in nursing and post-master’s doctor of nursing practice programs were surveyed to explore the personal stressors they experienced during their educational programs and changes in their health and health promotion habits. Personal time, sleep, exercise, relationships, and finances were negatively affected. Students described high levels of anxiety and stress. Approximately half contemplated quitting. Resources for mental health, resilience, and self-care are needed.

Retraction Note: Groundwater vulnerability based on bee colony optimization and real-time monitoring of exercise weight loss effect

In fact, the groundwater pollution caused by the acceleration of industrialization and rapid population growth is an important constraint to sustainable development. Taking L area as an example, this paper finds out the differences of groundwater vulnerability in this area and plans the groundwater vulnerability classification. For China’s groundwater protection work, it is very important for the management departments at all levels in each L area to provide development technology support for enterprises. Based on the concept of groundwater quality vulnerability and groundwater vulnerability assessment method in Japan, according to the actual situation of the study area, this paper analyzes the vulnerability of natural geography, meteorology and hydrology, geological conditions, and human activities in the area. This paper establishes an optimized and improved DRASTIC model and adds the evaluation factors affecting human activities into the evaluation conditions of traditional DRASTIC model, that is, the current land use status and groundwater exploitation. By combining bee colony optimization with groundwater vulnerability assessment model, groundwater vulnerability assessment is carried out. This paper also uses the special computer system to simulate the decision-making process of medical staff, provides obesity intelligence diagnosis and personalized prescription exercise, carries out exercise weight loss monitoring for obese teenagers, helps teenagers to achieve healthy exercise and diet, and provides scientific guidance for fitness guidance of Chinese diet youth. The system adopts the methods of artificial intelligence and software development, diagnoses obesity through youth physique test, provides personalized exercise prescription through special system, monitors diet work in real time, and provides timely feedback. In this paper, the vulnerability of groundwater quality and exercise weight loss effect of real-time monitoring are studied and applied to bee colony optimization to promote its development.

The Queen of Navarre and a queen from Navarre: Comparing the experience of queenship of Leonor de Trastámara and Joan of Navarre

This article offers an intensive comparison of two queen consorts, Leonor de Trastámara, consort of Carlos III of Navarre (r. 1387-1425) and her sister-in-law, Joan of Navarre, consort of Henry IV of England (r. 1399-1413). Key similarities and differences in their lives and experience of queenship are revealed by an examination of the major ceremonies that marked their tenure as consort and their personal exercise of the queen’s office. As well as bringing greater illumination to their individual lives, the comparison also deepens our understanding of queenship, not only in Navarre and England, but more broadly in the later middle ages.

Exploring Interest in and Feasibility of a Lifestyle Intervention for Multiple Myeloma Patients

Exploring Interest in and Feasibility of a Lifestyle Intervention for Multiple Myeloma Patients

Superficial temperature distribution patterns before and after physical activity in school children are indicative for personalized exercise coaching and disease prevention

BackgroundThermoregulation is highly individual and predictive for potentially cascading pathologies. Altered and deficient thermoregulation is considered an important diagnostic indicator which can be of great clinical utility for specialized screening programs and individualized prediction and prevention of severe pathologies triggered early in life.Working hypothesisIndividual thermoregulation can be objectively assessed by thermovision camera before and after exercises in school children stratified by age and gender that may be of great clinical utility for personalized training early in life in the framework of 3P medicine.Study designIn this study, 60 female and male primary school children were exposed to physical exercises in the form of 45-min general fitness training. The subjects under examination were stratified by age: group 1 (7-year-olds), group 2 (9-year-olds), and group 3 (12-year-olds). Superficial body temperature patterns were measured by means of thermovision camera before and immediately after exercises, as well as after the 15-min recovery time. Temperature patterns were analyzed in 12 areas of the body front and back, covering trunk and upper and lower limbs.ResultsThe obtained results revealed an individual and age-depended difference in response of the body to exercises. The first measurement prior to exercise (measurement 1) revealed no statistically significant differences in the mean surface temperature of all analyzed areas between 7- and 9-year-old children. Further, 7- and 9-year-old children did not differ significantly in the mean temperature recorded in the trunk compared to the 12-year-old children. However, in 12-year-old children, statistically significant higher values of the mean temperature of the upper and lower limbs, were observed compared to the group of 7-year-olds and significantly higher values of the mean temperature of the lower limbs compared to the group of 9-year-olds. Immediately after exercises (measurement 2), a statistically significant decrease in the temperature was noted in all groups and in all areas of the body. The greatest temperature change was observed in 12-year-olds, while the least one was measured in the youngest subjects. The statistically significant relation between the average trunk temperature of 7-year-old and 12-year-old children was observed: lower values of the mean temperature of the front and back of the trunk were noted in the group of 12-year-old children compared to the group of 7-year-olds. A significantly lower average temperature of the back of the trunk compared to the youngest group was also recorded in 9-year-old children. The study performed after the 15-min recovery time (measurement 3) showed an increase in the average temperature of all analyzed areas. In all subjects, the mean temperature recorded in measurement 3 did not differ significantly from the initial ones (measurement 1, prior to exercises). Only the mean temperature of the trunk back of 12-year-old children was significantly lower after the rest period compared to the initial examination. In all groups, the temperatures after exercises followed by a 15-min recovery returned to the initial ones, except of the trunk backs of 12-year-old children, where the temperature was lower than before exercises.Conclusions and expert recommendations in the framework of 3PMThermovision analysis is an effective tool to assess individual thermoregulation and to stratify school children for personalized exercise coaching. Body exercise-based disease prevention early in life is effective when tailored to the person: multi-parametric guidance for prescribing exercises individually is needed. Contextually, proposed individualized training approach should be adapted to the age-dependent particularities and individual thermoregulation.

Evidence for Altered Skeletal Muscle Repair in Healthy Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Preclinical models of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) exhibit marked declines in skeletal muscle health, including impairments in muscle repair. Here, we investigated whether muscle repair was reduced in healthy young adults with T1D following damaging exercise. Eighteen young adults (22.1±0.9 years) with T1D (n=9; HbA1c=7.4±1.6%) and without T1D (n=9) performed 300 unilateral eccentric contractions (90°s-1) of the knee extensors. Pre-exercise, and 48 and 96 hours after exercise, participants gave a venous blood sample and vastus lateralis biopsy and performed a maximal isometric knee extension (MVC). Skeletal muscle satellite cell content and ultrastructural damage were assessed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. MVC was comparable between groups pre-exercise but remained lower for T1D at both 48 (Hedge’s g, male/female=–0.64/–0.38) and 96 hours (g, male/female=–0.73/–0.36) post-exercise. Resting serum creatine kinase levels were higher, although clinically normal, for T1D versus controls (g, male/female=1.22/0.35). Creatine kinase levels remained higher for T1D at 48 (g, male/female=–0.03/1.26) and 96 hours (g, male/female=0.79/0.51) post-exercise. While ultrastructural damage and total satellite cell content were similar between groups, changes in satellite cell proliferation were sexually dimorphic, with only T1D females (g=1.26) demonstrating a delay in satellite cell proliferation compared to control females. Our novel findings indicate that skeletal muscle from healthy young adults with T1D may have a reduced ability to handle, and repair from, damaging exercise. Our results highlight the importance of developing specific exercise and recovery guidelines for persons with T1D.

소도구 협응운동이 여성노인의 낙상관련 체력 및 하지근기능에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of personal equipment exercise on fall-related physical fitness and lower extremity muscle function in elderly women. For this purpose, Personal equipment exercise was performed at an intensity of 40 to 70% of the maximum resting heart rate for women aged 65 and over(experimental group 15, control group 15) for 60 minutes at a time, 3 times a week, for 12 weeks, and the results are as follows. First, among the fall-related physical changes, significant differences were found in lower extremity strength, flexibility, balance, and coordination. Second, there was a significant difference in hip extension and hip flexion among the changes in lower extremity muscle function, but no significant difference was found in knee extension and knee flexion. Through the above results, it is considered that periodic small tool coordination exercise has a positive effect on fall-related physical strength and lower extremity muscle function in elderly women. It is thought that additional research on the gender and age of the elderly should be conducted in the future.

Personalized multicomponent exercise programs using smartphone technology among older people: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundOptimal application of the recently updated World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for exercise in advanced age necessitates an accurate adjustment for the age-related increasing variability in biological age and fitness levels, alongside detailed recommendations across a range of motor fitness components, including balance, strength, and flexibility. We previously developed and validated a novel tool, designed to both remotely assess these fitness components, and subsequently deliver a personalized exercise program via smartphone.We describe the design of a prospective randomized control trial, comparing the effectiveness of the remotely delivered personalized multicomponent exercise program to either WHO exercise guidelines or no intervention.MethodsParticipants (n = 300) are community dwelling, healthy, functionally independent, cognitively intact volunteers aged ≥65 at low risk for serious fall injuries, assigned using permuted block randomization (age/gender) to intervention, active-control, or control group. The intervention is an 8-week program including individually tailored exercises for upper/lower body, flexibility, strength, and balance (dynamic, static, vestibular); active-controls receive exercising counselling according to WHO guidelines; controls receive no guidance. Primary outcome is participant fitness level, operationalized as 42 digital markers generated from 10 motor fitness measures (balance, strength, flexibility); measured at baseline, mid-trial (4-weeks), trial-end (8-weeks), and follow-up (12-weeks). Target sample size is 300 participants to provide 99% power for moderate and high effect sizes (Cohen’s f = 0.25, 0.40 respectively).DiscussionThe study will help understand the value of individualized motor fitness assessment used to generate personalized multicomponent exercise programs, delivered remotely among older adults.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04181983

Usability Testing of a mHealth System for Swallowing Therapy in Patients Following Stroke

Purpose The objective of this study was to evaluate the usability of a mobile health (mHealth) system designed for dysphagia exercise in persons with a history of stroke. Method Five participants with a history of stroke were recruited from a tertiary health center and assessed for their ability to use and interact with the system. After being introduced to the technology, participants were asked to independently complete five tasks, one at a time. Assistance was available when required or requested. Usability was evaluated with respect to effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction when completing the prespecified goals. Results Four men and one woman between the ages of 50 and 83 years ( M = 65.4) completed the usability testing. Time from stroke onset varied from 1 month to 2.5 years. Additional poststroke challenges related to the usability of the mHealth system included reduced range of motion or mobility, vision, and short-term memory difficulties. Independent success (system effectiveness) varied in this user subgroup, and the research clinician or the family member was required to adjust the level and type of support they provided (system efficiency). All participants reported satisfaction with the use of the system. Conclusion Usability of and satisfaction with this mHealth system and others like it can be achieved in individuals who have had a stroke, either as an independent user or as a patient–caregiver dyad.

Sport practice in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: running to stand still?

During the last decades, the practice of sport and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) were considered as incompatible, since evidence was not sufficient to gauge the risk associated to repeat and/or vigorous exercise across the spectrum of HCM. Additionally, it was acknowledged thatrisk stratification tools developed for HCM were not derived from athlete cohorts. Recent epidemiological studies focused on HCM both in the general population and in athletes, however, have de-emphasized the contribution of this condition to the risk of sport-associated sudden death, supporting the possibility of allowing the practice of some sports, even at professional level, for certain low-risk HCM categories. We hereby analyze the complex interaction of vigorous and continuative exercise with HCM, revising the available evidence for sports eligibility in HCM, the challenges and limitations of shared decision-making, as well as the potential harms and benefits of a highly personalised exercise schedule in subjects diagnosed with this complex disease.

Personal strivings of mentally tough Australian Rules footballers

The current study examined the personal strivings of mentally tough Australian Rules footballers. Data collection occurred in two phases. Phase one included conducting two focus groups with coaches and performance staff from an Australian Football League (AFL) club/franchise, to gain a culturally-specific mental toughness (MT) conceptualisation. This conceptualisation was used to identify mentally tough footballers (n = 7) from the club’s playing group. In phase two, the selected footballers completed a personal goal strivings exercise (e.g., listing strivings, rating their commitment to them), which was subsequently coded for general and motivational themes, through nomothetic and idiographic lenses. Nomothetic analysis revealed broad trends consistent with previous MT research. Key themes included a high commitment to goals, high confidence, and achievement orientation. Focusing on four specific players, an idiographic analysis revealed different motivational agendas, including characteristically mentally tough motives, narcissistic motives, communion and growth motives, and vulnerable/anxious motives. In conclusion, despite broad themes aligning with current perspectives of MT, on an individual level, mentally tough athletes’ motivational concerns may vary. These findings stress the potential importance of examining goals as a central construct in conceptualising MT. Moreover, they challenge a universal assumption that MT operates in the same way across all performers, highlighting the need for greater idiographic analysis in MT research.

The body in group exercise for older persons: implications of the explicit, implicit and null curricula

ABSTRACT Bodywork describes the work people perform on their own and other people's bodies. Often, this work is performed in an effort to meet cultural, symbolic body norms. The aims of bodywork in fitness for older exercisers are said to serve as a means of controlling and resisting the aging process. Given the popularity of group exercise for older exercisers, this paper focused on three forms of bodywork undertaken by/performed on older exercisers in group classes: assessing, monitoring and directing clients’ bodies. Using an Institutional Ethnography approach, I explicate how instructor training is connected to the bodywork practices that take place in group exercise classes. Methods consisted of a textual analysis of 8 Canadian and American instructor training curricula; observations and interviews with 22 group fitness instructors; and go-alongs and interviews with 14 older exercisers. Findings revealed that some topics included in the explicit curricula taught to fitness instructors lie outside their scope of practice. The hidden curricula uphold ageist sociocultural norms, as well as conflate (older) age, (greater) weight/(larger) size and bodily (dis)function, which are then materially codified in what is considered (age) appropriate fitness apparel. Finally, the null curriculum, or what is left out of the training, has the potential to cause harm, marginalize and stigmatize older exercisers. To conclude, I argue that group exercise instructors and the organizations that develop fitness curricula, could benefit from engaging in a reflective practice that investigates: (1) how some of the sociocultural and discursive representations of older bodies in training curricula might be problematic and stigmatize older people; and (2) how the null curricula might cause harm to exercisers, especially exercisers like older persons who are already marginalized.

A Novel Boot Camp Program to Help Guide Personalized Exercise in People with Parkinson Disease.

Given the variety of exercise programs available for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), such individuals may struggle to make decisions about what exercise to perform. The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness, satisfaction, and preferences regarding participation in a PD-personalized educational and exercise boot camp program. Attendees participated in a four-day program consisting of exercise sessions, workshops, and social activities. We collected demographic and clinical information. We assessed satisfaction and preferences immediately after. At one-month follow-up, participants assessed usefulness and changes in exercise habits. Eight individuals diagnosed with PD, with a mean age of 59.5 ± 6.8 years, participated. All participants felt “very satisfied” and likely to attend future events. The two favorite sessions were: cognitive stepping and dance-based movements. At one-month follow-up, participants considered the program “very useful” and reported changes in their exercise routine. Our results suggest that the boot camp program was considered useful and capable of influencing participants’ exercise habits.

Provisional Designation of the Interleukin-6 Receptor (IL-6R) as a Novel Marker Gene for Exercise Tolerance

Objectives: Genomic markers linked to exercise-associated health benefits and/or sporting performance are increasingly used to guide decision-making in healthcare and sport/exercise science. This project investigated whether the IL-6R SNP “rs2228145” might be provisionally designated a novel physical activity/exercise marker. rs2228145 results in an Aspartate358/Alanine358 change adjacent to the site where the IL-6R protein is cleaved into two fragments, resulting in ~two-fold increases in blood-borne levels of soluble IL-6R [‘sIL-6R’].Methods: Cohorts of staff/students at Cardiff Metropolitan University donated/completed: [i] finger-prick capillary blood samples (subjected to ELISAs for sIL-6R, the associated signalling protein sgp130, and the IL-6/sIL-6R complex); [ii] cheek-swab samples containing buccal epithelial cell DNA (subjected to PCR-based IL-6R/rs2228145 genotyping assays); [iii] International Physical Activity Questionnaires (to estimate physical activity levels in the week preceding sample donation).Results: As expected, we observed significant genotype-dependent differences in blood-borne sIL-6R levels (CC (44.1±21.7ng/mL) vs. AC (28.6±7.3ng/mL) vs. AA (19.9±6.5ng/mL; P<0.05)); Importantly, AA homozygotes undertook significantly more physical activity than AC heterozygotes (6318±899 v. 3904±2280 MET-mins/week; P<0.01). Genotype was significantly associated with physical activity levels (P<0.05), and sIL-6R (P=0.197) and sgp130 (P=0.160) showed non-significant correlations with physical activity levels.Conclusions: These data suggest that IL-6R/rs2228145 genotype may influence participation in physical activity/exercise, perhaps by impacting on abilities to tolerate activity without experiencing adverse-effects. Although more research is required to confirm these preliminary findings, designation of IL-6R/rs2228145 as a novel marker, and determination of participants’ IL-6R/rs2228145 genotypes, may in future be useful tools to aid exercise-providers in designing personalised exercise programmes matched to clients/patients.

HVD-LSTM based recognition of epileptic seizures and normal human activity.

In this paper, we detect the occurrence of epileptic seizures in patients as well as activities namely stand, walk, and exercise in healthy persons, leveraging EEG (electroencephalogram) signals. Using Hilbert vibration decomposition (HVD) on non-linear and non-stationary EEG signal, we obtain multiple monocomponents varying in terms of amplitude and frequency. After decomposition, we extract features from the monocomponent matrix of the EEG signals. The instantaneous amplitude of the HVD monocomponents varies because of the motion artifacts present in EEG signals. Hence, the acquired statistical features from the instantaneous amplitude help in identifying the epileptic seizures and the normal human activities. The features selected by correlation-based Q-score are classified using an LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) based deep learning model in which the feature-based weight update maximizes the classification accuracy. For epilepsy diagnosis using the Bonn dataset and activity recognition leveraging our Sensor Networks Research Lab (SNRL) data, we achieve testing classification accuracies of 96.00% and 83.30% respectively through our proposed method.

Effect of a personalised mHealth home-based training application on physical activity levels during and after centre-based cardiac rehabilitation: rationale and design of the Cardiac RehApp randomised control trial

Many patients lapse into a physically inactive lifestyle within months after cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programme completion. A mobile-health (mHealth) home-based training application can be used to intensify and/or prolong the...

생체역학적 운동 효율 분석 및 부상 방지를 위한 지능형 개인 운동 모니터링 시스템

본 논문은 개인이 운동을 수행할 때 정확한 자세와 더불어 목표 근육의 사용 여부를 동시에 모니터링할 수 있는 지능형 운동 모니터링 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 먼저 키넥트 카메라를 이용하여 사용자의 관절 각도를 측정하고, Unity 환경에서 가상환경 아바타를 통해 전신 자세를 실시간으로 모니터에 가시화해준다. 이와 동시에 밴드형 근전도 센서를 이용하여 사용자의 타깃 근육들의 근전도를 측정하고, 사용자의 근육 활성화에 따른 누적피로도를 가시화해준다. 다음으로, 측정된 관절 각과 근전도를 학습된 신경망의 입력으로 하여 현재 사용자에 의해 행해지는 운동의 이름을 출력하며, 운동이 올바로 수행되었는지에 대한 정보를 제공한다. 파일럿 테스트를 통해, 제안된 시스템의 운동 분류 성능과 올바른 운동 유도 및 부상 방지에 대한 기대효과를 검증한다.

Fall prevention education to reduce fall risk among community-dwelling older persons: A systematic review.

ObjectivesThis review aims to identify types of the existing fall prevention education (FPE) and their effectiveness in promoting fall risk awareness, knowledge and preventive fall behaviour change among community‐dwelling older people.BackgroundFPE is a cost‐effective and helpful tool for reducing fall occurrences.EvaluationThis is a systematic review study using electronic searches via EBSCOHost® platform, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar in March 2021. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021232102). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement flow chart guided the search strategy. Articles published from January 2010 to March 2021 were included for quality appraisal using the ‘Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non‐randomised Designs’ (TREND) and the ‘Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials’ (CONSORT) statement for randomised controlled trial studies.Key issuesSix FPE studies selected emphasised on personal health status, exercise and environmental risk factors. These studies reported an increase in fall risk awareness or knowledge and a positive change in fall preventive behaviours. Two studies included nurses as educators in FPE.ConclusionFPE evidently improved awareness or knowledge and preventive fall behaviour change among older adults. Nurses are in great potential in planning and providing FPE for older adults in community settings.Implications for Nursing ManagementExpand nurses' roles in fall prevention programmes in community settings by using high‐quality and evidence‐based educational tools. Highlight the nurse's role and collaborative management in FPE.