Work Period Research Articles

Increasing aerobic capacity in military and sports all-around competition by means of health fitness

The purpose of our research is to identify the theoretical and methodological aspects of conducting training and health classes for young fighters-all-rounders at the stage of initial training. In the course of the research, the method of analysis and generalization of literary sources was used. The analysis of scientific and methodical literature indicates a lack of knowledge regarding the theoretical and methodological foundations of conducting recreational games in military and sports all- around competition for further mastery of such sections as: middle and long distance running, swimming, all-style combat. Modern sports science, built on the foundations of empirical approaches to pedagogy, requires strengthening of biological content. With the development of sports and pedagogical thought, the stato-dynamic mode of work is becoming increasingly popular in terms of developing endurance, the main feature of which is that the muscles are constantly under tension during the performance of power techniques, while with normal loads, at the beginning or end of the technique, the muscles relax, and all the tension is transferred to the joints. With a significant duration of a certain work, its productive performance requires overcoming internal difficulties due to the mobilization of willpower. As a result, it is possible to maintain the required intensity of physical exercises for some time. This period of work is called the “phase of compensated fatigue”, that is, a person is able to maintain the required working capacity for some time due to the exertion of willpower. However, in the future, despite willpower, it becomes impossible to continue working at the required level of working capacity and the phase of decompensated fatigue sets in. At the same time, its qualitative and quantitative indicators steadily decrease. Qualitative endurance is characterized by the maximum time for performing work of a certain intensity. The mechanisms of fatigue, and accordingly, endurance in these cases, are different. They depend on the specifics of the work being performed. Conclusions: data on the features of using physical training tools and methods to increase the aerobic capabilities of young multi-sport fighters engaged in military-sports all-around at the stage of initial training have been supplemented.

Performance of Employees of the Food Crops and Horticulture Seed Center in Surakarta Region

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of work period, work enthusiasm, level of education, mastery of information technology on employee performance at the Surakarta Region Food Crop and Horticulture Seed Center. This research uses a quantitative research design. The population and sample in this study were 50 employees of the Surakarta Region Food Plant and Horticulture Seed Center. The data analysis technique used for statistical analysis is the multiple linear regression test which is processed using SPSS software. Based on the results of hypothesis testing and discussions that have been carried out, it can be concluded that Years of work, Work Morale, Mastery of Information Technology have a positive and significant influence on Employee Performance. Meanwhile, education level has no effect on employee performance. Keywords :Employee Performance, Years of Work, Work Morale, Education Level, Mastery of Information Technology.

Effect of Annual Leave Days on Presenteeism-A Cohort Study in Employees of a Japanese Corporate Group.

This study investigated the association between leave use and improvement of work functioning impairment affecting presenteeism. A prospective, observational study was conducted among 5752 employees in a single corporate group in Japan to analyze the number of days of leave taken over a 1-year period and changes in work functioning impairment. As the number of leave days increased, work functioning impairment improved significantly. These results suggest that allowing employees to take more leave significantly contributes to improving work functioning impairment. Companies need to promote appropriate leave use to improve employee health and overall work productivity.

Lengthy Shifts and Decision Fatigue in Out-of-Hours Primary Care: A Qualitative Study.

Demands on healthcare workers are high: services are stretched, shifts are long and healthcare professionals (HCPs) regularly work lengthy periods without a break. Spending time continuously 'on task' changes decision-making in predictable ways, as described by the 'decision fatigue' phenomenon where decision-makers progressively shift towards making less cognitively effortful decisions as the time worked without a break increases. This phenomenon has been observed repeatedly in large quantitative observational studies, however, individual healthcare workers' experiences have not been explored. This qualitative study aimed to explore general practitioners' (GPs) and advanced nurse practitioners' (ANPs) experiences of working for lengthy periods in an out-of-hours primary care service in the UK. This included exploration of self-perceived changes in decision-making throughout a work shift, and mitigating strategies used to avoid changes in decision-making over time. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online. An inductive thematic analysis was carried out to identify salient issues articulated by participants. The interview sample (n = 10) comprised ANPs (n = 5) and GPs (n = 5) who regularly worked within the out-of-hours primary care service across a regional National Health Service (NHS) health board. HCPs (GPs and ANPs) provided insights into their experiences during lengthy shifts and the impact of prolonged periods of work on clinical decision-making. Four main themes were identified and developed: (1) HCPs are aware of decision fatigue effects over the course of a shift; (2) Multiple factors help and hinder stable decision-making quality; (3) HCPs deliberately use strategies to help keep the quality of their decision-making stable; and (4) HCPs are aware of contextual changes, likely related to the decision fatigue phenomenon. The findings of this study underscore the intricate interplay of personal, social and systemic factors in decision-making quality and highlight HCPs' deliberate efforts to mitigate decision fatigue's effects in practice.

Analysis of Human Resource Behavior in Solid Medical Waste Management

This research collects and analyzes quantitative data on two research variables: the management of solid medical waste and the behavior (knowledge, attitudes, and actions) of human resources (HR), specifically nurses, environmental health officers, and cleaning service officers. The research population comprised 274 individuals, including nurses, environmental health officers, and cleaning service officers. The sampling technique was purposive, with the inclusion criteria being a work period of more than 2 years. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and document reviews at Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Hospital, Deli Serdang Regency. The data collected was analyzed using frequency distribution with the SPSS 20 application. The results showed that the knowledge of nurses, environmental health officers, and cleaning service officers regarding solid medical waste management was categorized as good (61.1%). The attitudes of these personnel were all in the good category (100%). In comparison, their actions in managing solid medical waste were categorized as good (85%)—the management of solid medical waste at Drs. H. Amri Tambunan Regional General Hospital, Deli Serdang, involves several stages. The reduction and sorting processes still rely on chemical products for cleaning, and the storage at the Temporary Storage Facility (TPS LB3) does not include refrigeration facilities for cases where solid medical waste is stored for more than 2 days after production. Additionally, during transportation, officers are sometimes observed not wearing complete personal protective equipment (PPE) such as helmets, face masks, eye protection, aprons, foot protectors, and gloves. Furthermore, the use of chemical disinfection for waste processing has not received approval from the Environmental Service.

A remote digital ethnography with an art museum during the pandemic: experiences of dislocated presence, lingering presence and hyper-presence

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic forced many researchers to adapt their studies from in-person to remote, using digital tools. Although established in ethnographic research, digital tools change how the researcher and participants can experience co-presence. This paper presents findings from an ethnography of an art museum's learning team during remote working periods. Along with moving researchers to digital tools, the COVID-19 pandemic forced art museums to move the ‘cultural experience’ online, disrupting what engagement could offer. Conducting a remote digital ethnography mirrored the challenges of digitising an art museum’s learning programme, bringing into question the value of ‘presence’ in both experiences. From my reflective diary, largely written about my participant observations, I present three types of ‘presence’ enabled by digital ethnography. These are ‘dislocated presence’, ‘lingering presence’ and ‘hyper-presence’. The types of presence have implications for how digital tools are used in ethnographies and the researcher’s reflections on the process.

The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal system disorders in health personnel working in the operating room and their relationship with sleep disorder

Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of work-related musculoskeletal system disorders (WRMSDs) in health personnel working in the operating room, the factors affecting WRMSDs, and the relationship between work-related sleep disturbance and musculoskeletal system problems. Methods. The study included 315 health personnel working in the operating room for at least 1 year. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) were investigated with the Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire (CMDQ), and sleep disorders were assessed with the Jenkins sleep scale. Results. In total, 57.5% of the operating room personnel had chronic MSDs. CMDQ scores were statistically significantly higher in women than in men (p < 0.01). CMDQ scores were statistically significantly higher in employees with sleep problems (p < 0.01). No statistically significant correlation was found between CMDQ scores and smoking, shift working periods and regular exercise (p = 0.63, p = 0.29 and p = 0.543, respectively). Jenkins sleep scale and Visual analog scale values were statistically positively correlated with CMDQ values (p < 0.01). Conclusion. Women and people with sleep disorders were potentially more at risk for WMRSDs in this study. More comprehensive studies with large populations are needed to determine the risk factors for WMRSDs in operating room personnel and to develop preventive methods to prevent WMRSDs.

The Effect of Position Specifications, Tenure, and Job Placement on Work Productivity in District Government X

There are several things that are considered to have an influence on work productivity in the district government, including job specifications, work period and job placement. However, this has not been explained in more depth. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to conduct research on the influence of job specifications, work period, and job placement on work productivity in the X district government. The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not there is an influence of job specifications, work period, and job placement on work productivity in the X district government. The research method used is qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation, where interviews were conducted with 10 employees in the X district government. The research data that has been collected will be analyzed in depth to determine the results of the study. The results of the study indicate that clear job specifications, work period and appropriate job placement according to employee abilities can increase employee work productivity in the X district government positively and significantly. With this, the government should carry out clear job specifications considering the work period and employee abilities in carrying out work placement so that work productivity increases and organizational goals can be achieved effectively and efficiently.

Physical activity and male reproductive function.

Fecundity is declining in humans, which is partly due to male infertility. Poor sperm parameters, the main contributors to male infertility, are associated with sedentary, unhealthy lifestyle and poor dietary habits. Long periods of sedentary work lead to visceral adiposity and persistently elevated scrotal temperatures, which adversely affect spermatogenesis. Apart from increasing scrotal temperatures, excessive visceral adiposity exacerbates adipocyte dysfunction with increased pro-inflammatory adipokine release, like leptin. These, together with the increased scrotal temperature, are responsible for the poor sperm quality. The importance of regular physical activity in male fertility remains a matter of debate, as not all forms of exercises have been found to benefit sperm function. Sperm parameters are, nevertheless, somewhat better in active than in sedentary men. It now appears that low-to-moderate intensity exercises are more beneficial for male reproductive health than high-intensity exercises, which have a negative effect on spermatozoa. Low-to-moderate intensity exercises, in general, improve the overall organ-system function in the body, improve the management of body weight and oxidative stress, consequently improving sperm parameters. The detrimental effects of high-intensity exercises on spermatozoa result from disruption in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-axis, raised testicular temperature and increased oxidative stress. It, therefore, seems that not all types of exercises are beneficial for male reproductive health. Although some low-to-moderate intensity exercises improve male reproductive function, there remains a need to identify the best form of low-to-moderate intensity exercises, particularly those that do not increase testicular temperature or oxidative stress, to help maintain normal body weight and male reproductive health.

Analysis of Factors Affecting the Use of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) in Nurses on the Prevention of Nosocomial Infections at Bina Kasih Hospital Medan

One of the efforts to provide labor protection for Occupational Safety and Health (K3) in hospitals is by providing Personal Protective Equipment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect the use of PPE in Nurses in Bina Kasih Hospital Medan. This type of research includes quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study was 152 nurses with a sample of 60 people based on the results of sample calculation using the Slovin formula. Data collection in the study used questionnaires and processed into SPSS with univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results of the study with the chi square statistical test found that the variables of age, working period, knowledge, attitude, availability of PPE, supervision and social support were related to the p&lt;sig value of α (0.05). Based on the results of the multivariate analysis, it is known that the most dominant variable influences, namely, the attitude variable (p=0.003, Exp(B) 14.931), namely attitude has an influence of 14.9 times on the use of PPE, the working period (p=0.004, Exp(B) 13.169), namely the working period has an influence of 13 times on the use of PPE, and social support (p=0.012 Exp(B) 8.592), namely social support has an influence of 8.5 times on the use of PPE. It can be concluded that the variables of working period, attitude and social support are the factors that most affect nurses in using PPE. It is recommended to Ananda Bekasi Hospital, especially to nurses, to always improve the performance of nursing care provided to patients by paying attention to the completeness of PPE in accordance with the SOPs that have been set by the work agency.

Suffering of Common Mental Disorders but Still at Work: A Longitudinal Study During Periods of Differences in Regulations for Having Sick Leave.

The aim was to analyse the relationships between work environment characteristics and periods of sick leave (> 14days) in individuals diagnosed with common mental disorders (CMDs) across 1993-2014. Additionally, the study describes changes in the work environment and sick leave trends over these two periods. From the Swedish Work Environment Surveys (SWES) 1993-2013, participants with a diagnosis of a CMD up to five years before the interview were drawn (n = 3795). Risk ratios (RRs) of the annual average number of sick leave days one year after the interview in SWES (1993-2014) were calculated for various work environment characteristics, along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Having flexible working hours (RR 0.65: 0.46-0.91) and having an active job (RR 0.60: 0.41-0.88), that is, high job demands and high job control, were associated with a significantly decreased risk for a spell of sick leave > 14days after adjusting for interview year,age, sex, and educational level. There was a tendency that also some aspects of job control, i.e. influence over working hours (RR 0.79: 0.62-1.01) and influence over work pace (0.80: 0.62-1.03), were associated with a lower risk of having > 14days of sick leave. There was a more substantial effect on these work environment factors in 2009-2013 than 1993-2007. Enabling flexible working hours and influencing work pace and working hours can decrease the risk of sick leave among employees diagnosed with a CMD.

Pengaruh Kompetensi, Pengembangan Karir, Budaya Organisasi dan Pelatihan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan

A modern company requires employee performance that is able to achieve targets so that company goals are met. Employees as human resources in the company are expected to be able to contribute and add value.This study was conducted with the objectives of this research are (1) able to prove whether competence has a positive influence on employee performance, (2) able to prove whether career development has a positive influence on employee performance, (3) able to prove whether organizational culture has a positive influence on performance employees, (4) able to prove whether training has a positive influence on employee performance, (5) able to prove whether simultaneously competency, career development, organizational culture and training have a positive influence on employee performance. This research is classified as basic research because this research aims to test, identify, explain, modify and develop theories from previous research. Based on its objectives, this research is included in the category of causal research which is descriptive explanatory in nature and explains the influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. This research is a quantitative type with primary data sources from research subjects, namely employees with a minimum work period of 1 year through distributing questionnaires. The sampling used is saturated/census sampling where all members of the population are used as samples. The total population is 152 people. The questionnaire uses a Likert scale measurement type with five scales consisting of strongly disagree, disagree, quite agree, agree, strongly agree with a value range of 1 to 5. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques using JASP 0.18.3 software. From the research results, it is partially proven that the competency and organizational culture variables have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Meanwhile, the career development variable has a negative and significant effect on employee performance. The training variable has a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance. This research also proves that simultaneously competency, career development, organizational culture and training have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. The results of this research can be used as a basis for management to determine the company's strategic direction in the medium or long term into the future. Keywords: Employee Performance, Competency, Career Development, Organizational Culture, Training.

Analysis of factors that affect the performance of nurses in inpatient room type c hospitals in 2024

Background: The professionalism of nurses in providing nursing services can affect the results of nurse performance. If the performance of nurses in basic services is maximum, then the quality of health services will be better. The decline in performance results in patient and family satisfaction, which will have an impact on the quality of hospital services. One of the factors that affect the risk of declining performance is workload, working period, motivation and incentives. This study aims to analyze the influence of workload, work period, motivation and incentives on the performance of nurses in the Type C Hospital Inpatient Room in 2024. Methods: The type of research used is observational analytical research using a cross sectional research design with univariate tests, bivariate and multivariate tests. The population in this study is all nurses in the Inpatient Room of Type C Hospital with a sampling technique using a total sampling of 131 people. Data analysis uses chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that there was an effect of workload on the performance of nurses in the Inpatient Room of Type C Hospital (0.001&lt;0.05), there was no effect of working period on the performance of nurses in the Inpatient Room of Type C Hospital (0.312&gt;0.05), there was an effect between motivation on the performance of nurses in the Inpatient Room of Type C Hospital (0.001&lt;0.05), and there was an effect between incentives on the performance of nurses in the Inpatient Room of Type C Hospital (0.001&lt;0.05). The motivation variable was the most influential variable on performance with an Exp(B) result of 42,991. Conclusion: Therefore, efforts to improve nurse performance must focus more on efforts to increase nurses' work motivation. In addition, workload reduction and incentive system evaluation also need to be carried out to support the improvement of nurse performance.

Relationship Between Working Periode and Using PPE with Hb Levels of Gas station Officers with Benzene Exposure in Cimahi City

Gas stations have risks of benzene exposure. Benzene can cause anemia or decreased hemoglobin levels, due to the length of exposure, period of work, and use of Personal Protective Equipment. The purpose of this study to determine relationship between length of service and use of PPE on hemoglobin levels at gas station workers in Cimahi City. The study was conducted with a cross-sectional design on 100 participants from 10 gas stations. The working period was collected using a questionnaire, the use of PPE is measured by observation, and the measurement of hemoglobin levels is measured using an Hb meter instrument. The univariate statistical test uses frequency distribution and the bivariate uses the Spearman Rank Correlation. The results showed that 22% use PPE in the less category, 42% have worked for more than 5 years, and 35% of gas station workers in Cimahi City had low hemoglobin levels. The results of statistical analysis of the relationship between length of service and hemoglobin levels of gas station attendants in Cimahi City showed a value of p=0.001, and the relationship between the use of PPE and hemoglobin levels of gas station workers showed a value of p=0.390. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between length of service and Hb levels of gas station attendants, and there was no relationship between the use of PPE.

Melatonin supplementation and oxidative DNA damage repair capacity among night shift workers: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

ObjectivesA decreased ability to repair oxidative DNA damage, due to melatonin suppression, is a compelling mechanism by which night shift workers are at an increased risk of cancer. We sought...

Resurrected analysis: Navigating time between two environmental projects in Finland

AbstractThis paper considers the ways in which research projects linger beyond their ‘official’ endings, and how to deal with this. Building on conversations in human geography and related disciplines on slow research, performed endings, and the practical and socio‐political complexities of data storage and analysis over time, I relate some experiences with my research on the Finnish Saimaa Ringed Seal, which resurfaced years later via a new project. Should I re‐engage or leave it as a discrete period of previous work? An end to funding or finishing the write‐up does not necessarily sever the connection between a researcher and their data. I argue that social research can be an ongoing, slow, and personal process. My aim is to encourage both new and more experienced researchers to reflect on how we think about data and analysis when projects may live on in our minds or in boxes in a cupboard.

Study of the prevalence of osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlo syndrome in the Republic of Bashkortostan

BACKGROUND: Osteogenesis imperfecta (Q78.0) and Ehlers-Danlo syndrome (Q79.6) are rare inherited (orphan) connective tissue diseases with variable clinical manifestations and a wide range of molecular defects. Data on the prevalence of these diseases are fragmentary due to the heterogeneous clinical picture and low availability of molecular diagnostics both in the world and in Russia. However, understanding the frequency of these diseases may help to optimize diagnosis and improve the quality of medical care for this category of patients.AIM: To analyze the prevalence of osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlo syndrome in the Republic of Bashkortostan according to medical records.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data on the population of the republic were obtained from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Bashkortostan. Information on the incidence of diseases was taken from the reports of the Medical Information and Analytical Center of the Republic of Bashkortostan, analysis of the card file of the Republican Medical and Genetic Center (Ufa) and analysis of the Republican Medical Information and Analytical System «ProMed». Molecular genetic studies were performed by massively parallel sequencing.RESULTS: A total of 199 patients with osteogenesis imperfecta have been identified in the Republic of Bashkortostan, 69 (34.6%) of them are under active observation. Molecular genetic study was performed for 64 patients (32.1%), and 16 pathogenic changes in the COL1A1 gene, 11 pathogenic mutations in the COL1A2 gene, one mutation each in the P3H1 and IFITM5 genes were detected. 112 males and 87 females were identified. The share of patients under 18 years of age in the whole republic amounted to 36.1%. In Ufa 80 patients were registered, the percentage of patients under active surveillance amounted to 42.5%. In general, 133 patients with Ehlers-Danlo syndrome were registered in the Republic of Bashkortostan, of which 30 patients (22.5%) were under active surveillance. Molecular genetic study was carried out in 43 patients (32.3%), and 5 changes of nucleotide sequence in the COL5A1 gene and 3 in the COL5A2 gene were revealed. There were 71 men and 62 women. As in the case of LE, patients older than 18 years prevail — 89 patients (66.9%), 18 patients (28.6%) were under active surveillance. The overall prevalence of osteogenesis imperfecta in the Republic of Bashkortostan amounted to 5.031 cases per 100,000 population, Ehlers-Danlo syndrome — 3.362 cases per 100,000 population. Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta are more often on active follow-up compared to Ehlers-Danlo syndrome (48.6% and 22.5%, respectively), which is explained by a longer period of work with this group of patients.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of osteogenesis imperfecta and Ehlers-Danlo syndrome in the Republic of Bashkortostan according to medical records was determined. The total prevalence of osteogenesis imperfecta in the Republic of Bashkortostan amounted to 5.031 cases per 100 thousand population, Ehlers-Danlo syndrome - 3.362 cases per 100 thousand population.

Knowledge and Context. Reflections on Michael Blome-Tillmann’s “Semantics of Knowledge Attribution”

The aim of the article is to analyze Hilary Putnam’s philosophy of mind. The early and late periods of the philosopher's work are analyzed to identify the key ideas of Putnam’s philosophy of mind in each. The early period is characterized by the development of a functionalist approach to the interpretation of mental states. According to functionalism, mental states must be explained in terms of their functions. The turning point that defined the division into early and late periods of Putnam’s philosophy of mind was the philosopher’s concept of semantic externalism, according to which the content of mental states is determined by external factors. The externalist conclusions ran counter to the individualist ideas of functionalism, which is why the philosopher became one of the main critics of the movement he was at the origin of. However, it cannot be said that the rupture was final. The late period is characterized by a shift away from treating mental states as independent of the external world. Another feature of the late period is the philosopher’s focus on the problem of perception, which develops an approach called “transactionalism”. A distinctive feature of transactionalism is the attempt to reconcile phenomenalism and the idea of qualia with naive realism. It concludes with an attempt to reflect on the paradigmatic significance of the evolution of Putnam’s ideas. It is concluded that the methodological lesson to be drawn from the analysis of Putnam’s evolution, his critical analysis and self-criticism will reveal the contradictions of contemporary philosophical discussions.

The Graphic Description of Typical Human Characters of the period in the creative work of Yashar Rzayev

The Graphic Description of Typical Human Characters of the period in the creative work of Yashar Rzayev

The Evolution of Hilary Putnam’s Philosophy of Mind

The aim of the article is to analyze Hilary Putnam’s philosophy of mind. The early and late periods of the philosopher's work are analyzed to identify the key ideas of Putnam’s philosophy of mind in each. The early period is characterized by the development of a functionalist approach to the interpretation of mental states. According to functionalism, mental states must be explained in terms of their functions. The turning point that defined the division into early and late periods of Putnam’s philosophy of mind was the philosopher’s concept of semantic externalism, according to which the content of mental states is determined by external factors. The externalist conclusions ran counter to the individualist ideas of functionalism, which is why the philosopher became one of the main critics of the movement he was at the origin of. However, it cannot be said that the rupture was final. The late period is characterized by a shift away from treating mental states as independent of the external world. Another feature of the late period is the philosopher’s focus on the problem of perception, which develops an approach called “transactionalism”. A distinctive feature of transactionalism is the attempt to reconcile phenomenalism and the idea of qualia with naive realism. It concludes with an attempt to reflect on the paradigmatic significance of the evolution of Putnam’s ideas. It is concluded that the methodological lesson to be drawn from the analysis of Putnam’s evolution, his critical analysis and self-criticism will reveal the contradictions of contemporary philosophical discussions.