Perception Of Someone Research Articles

MINDSET LANGUAGE IN LITERARY PROSE BY LINA KOSTENKO

Lina Kostenko, a representative of the Ukrainian creative intelligentsia from the 1960s cohort, recorded her vision of the historical time of Ukraine at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries in the original prose work “Notes of a Ukrainian Self-made Man”. The work of a unique linguistic and stylistic genre, in which the themes of state formation, globalization and family, psychological problems alternate, is saturated with artistic, cultural, literary information, precedent names of world history. The volume of various information, conditionally structured according to time headings, is perceived as a certain model of a chaotic digitalized society, in which stylistic varieties of language become blurred, interchangeable. One of the key ideas of the work is language. The thoughts of the main character about the connection between language and the worldview of the people are unfolded in mini-texts of journalistic-evaluative, analytical-historical, humorous and everyday narrative. Language as an indispensable agent of social protests declares itself in its own way. The kaleidoscopic text of the notes combines different information about the concept of identity. The topic of the linguistic identity of Ukrainians is related to the conditions of survival of the Ukrainian language in various empires, numerous prohibitions, and assimilation processes that did not contribute to the full functioning of the Ukrainian language. Narration of the artistic narrative, reproduction of its emotional and expressive shades (humor, satire) is carried out using various language game techniques. Varieties of paronomasia are the most common in the author's style. Along with lexical innovations in an individual style, an important linguistic and aesthetic function is performed by syntactic-intonational units – isolated syntagms that emphasize the ironic-satirical perception of someone else’s opinion. A characteristic feature of Lina Kostenko’s individual style is the use of foreign vocabulary of terminological origin. Words from various scientific fields are organic in modern intellectual text. They not only testify to the level of the multi-style Ukrainian literary language, but also express and visualize the syntactically-intonationally and lexically-semantically linguistic portrait of the narrator, the main character of the novel. Various styles and genres of the modern Ukrainian literary language are integrated into the artistic text. It is this text-creative function of the language of the beginning of the 21st century in Lina Kostenko’s work that testifies to the active process of creating a new aesthetic and socio-cultural canon of the Ukrainian literary language.

«Каждое мое утро начиналось с Пипса и кофе. Не представляю себе, как я теперь буду…»: цифровое чтение личного дневника XVII в.

This article deals with the issue of digital reading of personal diaries based on the analysis of two projects by Phil Gyford involving the publication of Samuel Pepys’ diary — on a site specifically dedicated to the diary and on the microblogging platform Twitter. When discussing the genre of the personal diary and its publication, generally the problem of privacy and its violation comes to the forefront: it is seen as central to understanding the impressions as well as the experiences of a reader “immersed” in someone else’s private life and experiencing both a feeling of guilt, opposing him/herself to the author/hero, and nostalgia for missed opportunities, which brings closer to the text the view that the diarist himself might have, upon re-reading his/her notes. Consideration of the forms of diary publication on the Internet, which sought to create “a living reading” and assumed a reading model fundamentally different from that of a printed book, allows us to pay attention to other aspects of the reader’s perception of someone else’s personal diary, conditioned by the specifics of the media and everyday practices. Analysis of the image of Pepys himself, of his text, and of the past in general as they appear in the comments of the users of both projects touches upon three main aspects — the influence of media on the perception of the narrative, the framing of the text being read, and the inclusion of the diary in the reader’s everyday life. The comparison of the two projects, which reveals, in full correspondence with Marshall McLuhan’s idea of “the medium is the message”, a significant difference in the perception of the same text, problematizes the already criticized genre definition of the diary and its characteristics. Users’ comments allow us to speak not only about other mechanisms of forming a sense of privacy and closeness to the author, which are considered to be among the most important for defining the private diary genre, but also regarding the issue of privacy: in certain practices of reading personal diaries the angle of “peeping” can change into its opposite — the diary’s interference in the private life of the reader.

The N400 reveals implicit accent-induced prejudice

Our perception of someone's accent influences our expectations about what they might say or do. In this experiment, EEG data were recorded while participants listened to cliché sentences matching or not the stereotypes associated with the speaker's accent (upper-class Parisian accent or banlieue accent, a negatively connoted accent associated with youth from suburban areas; e.g. “I always listen to rap in my car” said with a banlieue accent (congruent) or an upper-class accent (incongruent)). Mismatches between social accent and stereotypical content triggered an event-related potential (ERP) known as the N400, albeit more anterior than the one observed for semantic violations, as well as a P3. These results are in line with other studies – conducted in particular with gender stereotypes – suggesting that stereotypes are stored in semantic categorical knowledge and that mismatches trigger integration difficulties and checking and updating mechanisms, and extend them to socially marked accents.

Eye Direction Detection and Perception as Premises of a Social Brain: A Narrative Review of Behavioral and Neural Data.

The eyes and the gaze are important stimuli for social interaction in humans. Impaired recognition of facial identity, facial emotions, and inference of the intentions of others may result from difficulties in extracting information relevant to the eye region, mainly the direction of gaze. Therefore, a review of these data is of interest. Behavioral data demonstrating the importance of the eye region and how humans respond to gaze direction are reviewed narratively, and several theoretical models on how visual information on gaze is processed are discussed to propose a unified hypothesis. Several issues that have not yet been investigated are identified. The authors tentatively suggest experiments that might help progress research in this area. The neural aspects are subsequently reviewed to best describe the low-level and higher-level visual information processing stages in the targeted subcortical and cortical areas. A specific neural network is proposed on the basis of the literature. Various gray areas, such as the temporality of the processing of visual information, the question of salience priority, and the coordination between the two hemispheres, remain unclear and require further investigations. Finally, disordered gaze direction detection mechanisms and their consequences on social cognition and behavior are discussed as key deficiencies in several conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder, 22q11.2 deletion, schizophrenia, and social anxiety disorder. This narrative review provides significant additional data showing that the detection and perception of someone's gaze is an essential part of the development of our social brain.

The Effectiveness of Hypnotherapy in Reducing Pain in Patients with Cervical Cancer

Background: Complaints of pain in cervical cancer patients make the patient suffer more. Pain is a subjective matter so that hypnothe­rapy can reduce the pain suffered by patients. The use of hypnotherapy in cancer patients focuses on the emotional aspects and dynamics that occur in the client's subconscious mind. Hypnotherapy can change sensations, percep­tions, thoughts, feelings or behavior after being suggested. Positive suggestions given are able to influence the perception of someone who is in a hypnotic state so that they behave or per­ceive according to the suggestions given. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of hypnotherapy as a complementary therapy in reducing pain in cervical cancer patients. Subjects and Method: The experimental study used a random control trial which was conducted at the Dr. Moewardi Hospital from January to September 2019. A sample of 90 patients was selected by purposive sampling. 45 subjects from the treatment group received the hypnotherapy intervention and 45 subjects from the control group received standard care. The dependent variable is the level of pain. The independent variable is hypnotherapy. The level of pain is measured by a numerical pain scale of 0 to 10. Hypnotherapy is performed using hypnosis recording/ audio. Data analysis was performed using an independent t test . Results: The mean pain level after hypno­therapy (Mean= 0.8; SD= 1.96) was lower than the control group (Mean= 3.2; SD= 1.7), effect size= -1.31, and it was statistically significant (p <0.001). Conclusion: Hypnotherapy complementary therapy can help reduce pain levels in cervical cancer patients. Keyword s : hypnotherapy, pain, cervical cancer Correspondence: Hanung Prasetya. Study Program in Acu­puncture, Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health. Jl. Letjend Sutoyo, Mojosongo, Sura­karta 57127, Central Java. Email: Hanung­prasetya71@yahoo.com. Mobile: +62812263­8908. Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2021), 06(02): 152-158 https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2021.06.02.04

Genre features of fantasy fairy tale: Translation analysis of the fiction novel

This study is devoted to the linguocultural features of the translation of means of expression from English into Russian and Uzbek languages, in the series of novels Harry Potter by the English writer J. Rowling. Researchers dealing with the problem of the adequacy and equivalence of translations paid attention to various mechanisms of interaction between language and culture. When different cultures come into contact in the process of transmitting culturally-marked vocabulary, difficulties arise in the adequate perception of someone else's speech, since some elements of the language do not have corresponding equivalents in the target language. Thus, an essential issue is the ability to adapt lacunar formations of a foreign language text to the translated language, adapting them if possible. The study of this problem leads to the need to consider the concept of linguocultural adaptation, which includes the ways and methods of applying various translation transformations aimed at a comprehensive study of the literary text. The genre of the work under study was a fantasy tale.

Развитие взглядов на феномен «чужого» в истории культуры

&lt;p&gt;В статье дается обзор эволюции представлений о своем и чужом человеке в истории человечества. Это первая попытка комплексной научной систематизации типовых взглядов общества на эту проблему в истории, игравших значимую роль в становлении национальной идентичности людей.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;В первую очередь рассматриваются различные варианты членения истории на периоды и обосновывается значимость ее членения на технологические эпохи: доиндустриальную, индустриальную и постиндустриальную. Развертываются нужные для данного исследования характеристики каждой эпохи и показывается, почему в каждую эпоху различалось отношение к дихотомии свой/чужой.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Для доиндустриальной эпохи было свойственно восприятие чужого как существа вредного, с которым следует иметь дело как можно меньше и реже контактировать. Чужой — это враг, порождение дьявола, и с ним всегда нужно быть настороже.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;В индустриальную эпоху чужой воспринимался как человек, отличающийся от местного, но не опасный. Взаимодействовать с ним можно, особенно при его достаточной ассимиляции в местной среде.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;В постиндустриальную эпоху чужой воспринимается уже лишь как культурно другой, но тем и интересный человек. Взаимодействие с ним возможно, так же как и со своим.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Таким образом, в истории имела место определенная эволюция отношения общества к чужому от его максимального отторжения к его преимущественному приятию.&lt;/p&gt;

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar : Dampak Latar Belakang Kejuruan ditinjau dari Proses Pembelajaran Matematika Perguruan Tinggi

The purpose of this study is to make a diagnosis of student learning difficulties Mathematics education graduate IPA, IPS and SMK in terms of learning mathematics. This research uses descriptive qualitative research type. Instrument used in the form of interview result, observation result of student learning mathematics and supported by result of questionnaire of interest of student of mathematics education by using Likert scale measurement which used to measure attitude, opinion, or perception of someone about social phenomenon. The results of this study include: (1) Types of learning difficulties for students with science graduates including difficulties in academic learning (academic learning disabilities). (2) Types of learning difficulties students with social studies and vocational backgrounds have a type of learning difficulties related to development (developmental learning disabilities) which includes perceptions, difficulties in language learning and communication, and learning difficulties in adjusting social behavior. (3) the effort that must be made to overcome this is to foster a high interest in learning to students.

Subjective cognitive impairment, cognitive disorders and self-perceived health: The importance of the informant.

ABSTRACTThere is great divergence of results in the literature regarding the clinical relevance and etiology of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). Currently, SCI is studied as a pre-clinical symptom of Alzheimer's disease, before establishing a possible diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The hypothesis was that SCI is associated with low cognitive performance and poor self-perceived health.Objective:to investigate the relationship of SCI with objective cognitive impairment and self-perceived health in older individuals and to compare SCI reported by the elderly subjects and by their respective informants.Methods:83 subjects participated in the study, divided between the forms of the Memory Complaint Scale (MCS). Cognition was evaluated by the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination - Revised and self-perceived health by the Short Form Health Survey-8.Results:there was no association between SCI and self-perceived health. SCI reported by the older adults was associated with executive functions. SCI reported by the informant was associated with overall cognitive performance, memory, verbal fluency and visuospatial functions.Conclusion:we found more robust results between SCI reported by the informant and cognitive impairment in the elderly assessed. There is a need to include and value the perception of someone who knows the older individual well enough to evaluate SCI globally.

БЕССМЫСЛЕННЫЕ СЛОВА, ИЛИ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ШУМ: АСПЕКТ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ

The subject of the article is connected with the problem of perception of someone else’s speech. The novelty of the work is that for the first time the features of the formal dialogical communication of disinterested persons are revealed. It is hypothesized that the extraction of meaning from someone’s words is possible only in conditions of intense experience in relation to them. Otherwise, the same words turn into information noise and become formal, meaningless for the listener. With the help of the method of discursive analysis applied to the dialogues under study, the author determines that meaningless words are the consequence of the absence of any motivation in the course of perception of other people’s words. The results of the conducted research consist in determining the mental mechanism of this state of affairs: indifferent communication is conditioned by the spiritual and moral choice of the recipient.

Pain as the Perception of Someone: An Analysis of the Interface Between Pain Medicine and Philosophy

Based largely on the so-called problem of “asymmetry in concept application”, philosopher Murat Aydede has argued for a non-perceptual view of pain. Aydede is of course not denying basic neurobiological facts about neurons, action potentials, and the like, but he nonetheless makes a strong philosophical case for pain not being the perception of something extramental. In the present paper, after having stated some of the presuppositions I hold as a physician and pain researcher, and after having shortly described Aydede’s critique of perceptual theories of pain, I make a constructive proposal centred around the concept of pain as the perception of some-one, not some-thing. In doing so, I propose that there often is a problematic duality at work when we think about pain, namely the mental/extramental duality. This pre-reflective mindset creates difficulties when reflecting over pain. Instead, I propose the body/world duality as being more helpful. Two neologisms, cosmoception and egoception, are presented as an alternative to the twin concepts of exteroception and interoception. It is argued that the new concepts have the advantage of not pushing our thought into a mental/extra-mental dichotomy. Hence, when in pain (which is an instance of egoception), I get epistemic access to the body that is I, to how I fare in this world. From that perspective, pain is not the perception of something, but of someone–namely, the self. In the final part of the paper, this proposal is discussed in dialogue with a paper from phenomenological thinker Jennifer Bullington.

Mit dünnen Schichten durch vier Jahrzehnte

SummaryThin films through four decades – How they changed the worldThe 30th anniversary of the journal “Vacuum in research and practice” is accompanied by a brief journey through the world of thin films and their impact on our life during the past decades. Around 40 years ago coating processes had been ready to find their way into mass markets related to large areas and quantity of substrates. Reduction of friction, wear and corrosion on tools and machine components, architectural glass, optical and magnetic data storage media, displays, touch panels and solar cells have been the most important application areas during the past four decades. Often ecxiting new products (like the CD) caused a paradigm change in the design of coating machines, or a milestone in process technology (like Pulse Magnetron Sputtering) enabled new applications. In this contribution several decades of thin film technology will pass in fast motion. The article reflects the perception of someone having experienced 35 very exciting years in industrial development as well as applied research related to thin films and their deposition. Certainly this perception is subjective and incomplete.

Author vs Critic: The Dispute about the Ural People in the Russian Media of the Mid-19th Century

In 19 th century Russia, literary critical and sociopolitical discussions were often an instrument of regulating public opinion, and one of such discussions is the subject of this article. The theoretical basis of the study is Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept, according to which a text can be regarded as a territory of struggle and an area of ideology. This concept continues in the contemporary understanding of text and its interpretation as a social event, being involved in which the sides of the reading dialogue struggle for the possession of meaning (B. Ashcroft). The situation of debate with reference to texts reveals personal and other identities of the subjects of such debates and being exteriorised, the reader’s critical perception of someone else’s statement or language, becomes a text of its own where the subject describes themselves and, quite frequently, the community he or she belongs to or represents. In the mid-19 th century, Russian culture faced the development of inner spaces of the country, accompanied by the formation of the ethnographic sphere in scholarship and literature. During the 1850s, a few journalists from the capital visited Orenburg Province and became acquainted with the everyday life of the Ural Cossack Host, publishing materials about it. The article describes the debate between one of the visitors, P. Nebolsin, and a local Ural Cossack, I. Zheleznov who wrote several objections to Nebolsin’s cycle of articles. Soon enough, the debate changed its focus and concentrated on Russia’s relations with the Kyrgyz (Kazakhs), Ural Cossacks’ closest neighbours, and was joined by another author, L. Plotnikov, an Orenburg official. The article singles out the positions of the three actors of the situation, representing different versions of imperial and colonial consciousness which was heterogeneous even in those times.

Konsep Diri Penyandang Tunanetra dan Implikasinya terhadap Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling

Self-concept is an opinion, feeling or perception of someone about his/herself that is related to the physical appearance, social, emotional, moral, and cognitive. This research is based on the visual impairment people who judge themselves in negative way. This research uses quantitative method with descriptive approach. The subject of this research is 50 visual impairment people which consist of 30 blind people, and 20 low vision people. The instrument of this research is questionnaire. The result of this research shows that the self-concept of all of those visual impairment people are in the medium category. It is expected to all of guidance and counseling teachers to give their service based on the need of those people for keeping their self-concept good and helping to develop their self-concept in the positive way.

Konsep Diri Penyandang Tunanetra dan Implikasinya terhadap Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling

Self-concept is an opinion, feeling or perception of someone about his/herself that is related to the physical appearance, social, emotional, moral, and cognitive. This research is based on the visual impairment people who judge themselves in negative way. This research uses quantitative method with descriptive approach. The subject of this research is 50 visual impairment people which consist of 30 blind people, and 20 low vision people. The instrument of this research is questionnaire. The result of this research shows that the self-concept of all of those visual impairment people are in the medium category. It is expected to all of guidance and counseling teachers to give their service based on the need of those people for keeping their self-concept good and helping to develop their self-concept in the positive way.

Who do we think of as good judges? Those who agree with us about us

The present research considered what leads perceivers to evaluate someone as a good or poor judge of people. In general, we found a substantial role for agreement: perceivers evaluated another person as a good judge when he or she agreed with their perception of someone's characteristics. Importantly, the effect of agreement depended on who this “someone” was. We found that perceivers' evaluation of another individual as a good judge was more heavily shaped by agreement about their own characteristics than by agreement about a third-party target's characteristics. This effect emerged across a range of samples and research designs, including multi-rater evaluations among developing business professionals, experimentally controlled settings, and a survey in which US adults reported on existing relationships. Moderation analyses suggested that the effect of agreement was particularly strong in situations where the agreement could more effectively satisfy perceivers' motives to (a) feel relational connectedness and (b) verify the accuracy of their perception.

Functional Health Status in Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

Patient self-evaluations on Functional Health Status (FHS) questionnaires are considered to be part of the assessment of oropharyngeal dysphagia. FHS questionnaires capture the unique personal perception of someone’s health, taking into account social, functional and psychological factors. Many FHS questionnaires have been reported on in literature. This paper describes a selection of FHS questionnaires in more detail; issues concerning the inclusion of Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) items, choices in target populations and the distinction between oropharyngeal versus esophageal dysphagia will be discussed. Recommendations are made about the evaluation and use of FHS questionnaires in daily clinical practice. In particular the psychometric properties of FHS questionnaires should be evaluated to determine if they meet quality criteria for measurement properties of health status questionnaires in order to guarantee valid and reliable outcome measurements.

Interaction vs. observation: distinctive modes of social cognition in human brain and behavior? A combined fMRI and eye-tracking study

Human cognition has usually been approached on the level of individual minds and brains, but social interaction is a challenging case. Is it best thought of as a self-contained individual cognitive process aiming at an “understanding of the other,” or should it rather be approached as an collective, inter-personal process where individual cognitive components interact on a moment-to-moment basis to form coupled dynamics? In a combined fMRI and eye-tracking study we directly contrasted these models of social cognition. We found that the perception of situations affording social contingent responsiveness (e.g., someone offering or showing you an object) elicited activations in regions of the right posterior temporal sulcus and yielded greater pupil dilation corresponding to a model of coupled dynamics (joint action). In contrast, the social-cognitive perception of someone “privately” manipulating an object elicited activation in medial prefrontal cortex, the right inferior frontal gyrus and right inferior parietal lobus, regions normally associated with Theory of Mind and with the mirror neuron system. Our findings support a distinction in social cognition between social observation and social interaction, and demonstrate that simple ostensive cues may shift participants' experience, behavior, and brain activity between these modes. The identification of a distinct, interactive mode has implications for research on social cognition, both in everyday life and in clinical conditions.

Brand Perceptions among School Children

This paper aims to explore the perception of children towards brand consciousness by using drawings and open-ended questions. A total of 20 primary school were requested to draw what they think about two statements given related to a person with branded materials and a person without branded materials. After drawing, respondents were personally interviewed regarding belongings of branded goods with cheerfulness, friendship, behaviour characters and desire for belongings. Results from the analysis of the drawings and interviews indicate that that there are significant differences in the children perception of someone with or without branded materials. Based on these findings, one hypothesis was proposed about perception of children with regard the knowledge of brand awareness.

Exploring children's perceptions of material possessions: a drawing study

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to explore children's perceptions of material possessions in Hong Kong using drawing and open‐ended questions.Design/methodology/approachA total of 42 Chinese children aged 6‐12 were asked to draw what comes to their minds for two statements: “This child has a lot of new and expensive toys”; and, “This child does not have a lot of toys.” After drawing, children were personally interviewed to answer four questions associating material possessions with its social meaning and symbolic significance.FindingsAnalysis of drawings and interviews indicated that there were significant difference in children's perception of someone with a lot of toys and someone without many toys in terms of observable qualities and personality traits. Younger children were more likely to relate material possessions with happiness, friendship, and feeling good about oneself. Older children were more likely to relate materialistic possessions with wastefulness. There is evidence that young children were able to appreciate the value of possessions based on emotional attachment, personality association and social meaning. It was contradictory to John's model of consumer socialization that young children could only understand the surface value of possessions.Research limitations/implicationsBased on the findings, this paper proposed three hypotheses about children's perception of material possessions that can be further tested in a quantitative survey.Originality/valueThe paper may be of value to markets and advertisers who target at Chinese children. They should be sensitive to children's negative association of material possessions including wasteful and showing off. They can encourage the instrumental materialism of how to use material goods to protect the Earth's resources, to enhance friendship, and to achieve self‐defining goals.