Perception Of Water Quality Research Articles

Trees and water: A survey of the perception and decisions of landowners in New Zealand

Abstract Landowners' conceptualisation of the connection between trees and water matters for their land‐use decisions and the allocation of water resources in general. Tree–water interactions are commonly explored and explained through a biophysical lens where competing demands for water from other land uses, such as plantation forests and horticulture, are important. However, other values (positive or negative) can also play a role. Using a mixed method approach, we explored the key stakeholders' and landowners' perceptions of trees on farms and their interactions with water resources in three regions of New Zealand. Of the 363 surveyed participants, a large majority (70%) reported the presence of (exotic and native) trees on their farms. Landowners, composed of farmers and lifestyle block owners, were identified as direct actors influencing the landscape's socio‐hydrology, and most of them rely on natural water supplies for their farms. Our research reveals that issues relating to trees and their interaction with water—including climate change‐induced droughts, the effects of forest management and harvesting practices on water, and the decline in water quality—were raised by key stakeholders. Landowners chose to keep trees on their farms to enhance biodiversity, mitigate soil erosion and provide shelterbelts. They also value trees for shade for their livestock and for improving water quality. Our findings suggest that older landowners, those who perceive water quality as less concern and those who perceive lower flood risks are less likely to plant trees. This study sets the foundation for understanding the relationship between trees and water in New Zealand. However, additional research is necessary to assess the synergies and trade‐offs arising from the interactions of socio‐hydrological systems. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.

Assessing water color anomalies: A hue angle approach in the Gulf of Izmit.

Assessing water color anomalies: A hue angle approach in the Gulf of Izmit.

Water security in North Carolina’s most economically insecure county: a case study

Abstract Negative health impacts of water insecurity are often felt most in poor and rural communities and communities of color, who are more likely to be underserved by water infrastructure and disproportionately subject to socioeconomic stressors. Despite mandated efforts to allocate significant federal resources to infrastructure funding in ‘disadvantaged communities,’ communities with the most need risk systematic exclusion from access to resources, decision-making structures, and even benefits of research intended to address inequitable infrastructure services and health outcomes in their own communities. This project aims to describe groundwork and preliminary findings from community-engaged environmental research conducted within an ongoing community-based participatory research partnership in Robeson County, NC, a majority–minority county with the lowest median household income of NC’s 100 counties. Semi-structured interviews conducted with community members were analyzed to identify concerns about drinking water security (including safety, affordability, and reliability), perceptions of water quality, averting behaviors taken due to water insecurity, and ideas for improving water security. Findings suggest that there is a high level of mistrust in community water supplies, with perceptions of poor water quality driving a reliance on bottled water. Those relying on private wells expressed greater trust in their water and lower reliance on bottled water. Concerns about affordability were less prominent than those about water quality. Insufficient water reliability (low flow) was mentioned by many respondents, including those with community water service and those relying on private wells. Most supported increasing taxes to improve water security and also recommended increasing communications between water service providers and the public to improve trust. Overall, this work suggests the need for a comprehensive assessment of the quality and reliability of community water services in Robeson County, interventions to address problems identified, and much more engagement with the community about identifying and allocating funding to solve water security problems.

Metal(loid) concentrations in drinking water and public perception of water quality in the Arizona–Mexico border

Metal(loid) concentrations in drinking water and public perception of water quality in the Arizona–Mexico border

Modeling household's willingness to pay for sustainable rural drinking water supply using hand-pumped boreholes: a bivariate probit analysis in Chilga District, Northwestern Ethiopia

ABSTRACT Access to safe drinking water remains a critical issue in rural areas of developing countries, including Ethiopia, where many communities rely on unimproved sources. This study assesses households’ willingness to pay (WTP) for improved drinking water services in rural Chilga District, Northwestern Ethiopia, focusing on hand-pumped boreholes as a sustainable solution. Using a contingent valuation method (CVM) with a double-bounded dichotomous choice format and a bivariate probit model, the study identifies key factors influencing WTP. Results reveal that female-headed households are more supportive of water improvement projects, while older respondents and those with higher perceived water quality are less likely to pay. Education significantly increases WTP, and households spending more time collecting water are more inclined to pay for improvements. Marginal effects of income on WTP suggest the need for flexible pricing models. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions, educational campaigns, and flexible bidding strategies to enhance community engagement and ensure equitable access to improved water services.

Examining the Effectiveness of the Water Resources Management Policy a Case Study of Lusaka, Zambia

This study investigates the effectiveness of water resource management policies in Lusaka, Zambia, using a case study approach. The research aimed to evaluate the current state of water resources, assess the efficacy of existing policies and the role of citizens, and propose recommendations for improvement. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 50 respondents, including top management from road construction companies, middle and low management from LWS company, NGOs, and the Ministry of Finance (MOF). The analysis utilized SPSS software, with findings presented via frequency tables and pie charts. The study revealed that water availability in Lusaka is severely compromised, with many respondents reporting frequent shortages. Despite some residents having occasional disruptions, climate change and urbanization significantly exacerbate the issue. Water quality perceptions are mixed, with a notable portion of the population expressing concerns about the adequacy and safety of their supply. Government agencies are the primary stakeholders in policy formulation, with NGOs also contributing. While both groups generally view the policies positively, challenges such as policy rigidity, resource limitations, and inadequate data persist. Enhancing stakeholder engagement requires addressing these issues and making policies more adaptable. Examining the Effectiveness of Water Resources Management Policy in Lusaka, Zambia This study aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of water resources management policies in Lusaka, Zambia. By analyzing existing policies, assessing their implementation, and considering the perspectives of key stakeholders, this research will identify strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for improvement. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of water governance challenges in Lusaka and inform evidence-based policy recommendations for sustainable water management.

Evaluating Consumer Preferences and Perceptions of Packaged Drinking Water

The global consumption of bottled water is increasing, particularly in developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the quality of packaged water and examine the level of awareness regarding its consumption among residents of Sulaimani City in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, using a structured questionnaire that covers demographics, water quality perceptions, reasons for preference, and satisfaction or grievances. The results reveal that demographic factors such as age, gender, education, and family size significantly affect perceptions. Younger and older individuals view packaged water as more convenient, while middle-aged respondents are less favorable. Higher education correlates with greater environmental awareness, and larger families find packaged water less practical. Shops, social media, and word of mouth are the primary information sources, with males generally expressing more favorable views. The study emphasizes the need to address demographic-specific concerns and raise awareness about environmental impacts. Policymakers and businesses should develop tailored strategies to enhance consumer satisfaction and promote sustainable consumption.

A Study on Residents' Perception of Pollution and Water Quality Around Pt. Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor

A Study on Residents' Perception of Pollution and Water Quality Around Pt. Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor

Assessment of Physicochemical Properties of Water and Public Perceptions of Water Quality in Tasik Chini, Pahang, Malaysia

The study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical parameters of water and assess the public perception of the water quality status in the Tasik Chini watershed based on a community survey. The water sample was analyzed based on standard methods and categorized according to WQI (Water Quality Index). Multivariate statistical analysis was adopted to find spatial variations in water quality, determining the pollution level and sources of contamination. The study results were compared with NWQS (National Water Quality Standard for Malaysia). The results showed that the value of dissolved oxygen (DO) was low (4.68 mg.L-1), while the level of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total dissolved solids (TDS) was found to be high, 2.92 mg.L-1, 26.10 mg.L-1 and 22.93 mg.L-1 respectively. High turbidity was recorded in a mining area in the rainy season (35.76 NTU). The DOE-WQI value categorized the lake under class II and class III. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the major sources of contamination were due to anthropogenic activities, especially settlement, mining, agriculture, and illegal activities. Overall, Tasik Chini’s water quality status was classified as slightly polluted to highly polluted based on hierarchical cluster analysis (CA) results. The survey showed that 55% of the local community reported that the water quality was poor. The knowledge and attitude level of the local people was medium category, while community practice was low. The Pearson correlation coefficient test showed a strong significant relationship at 0.01 level between knowledge and attitude and knowledge and practices. The scientific findings with public perceptions might be useful for policymakers and the general public to improve the management system for a desirable future.

Uncovering the Anthropogenic Influences on Water Quality: A Case of Lake Victoria Shores, Entebbe, Uganda

Lakes serve as vital ecosystems, providing freshwater resources and habitats for diverse species. However, human activities, particularly around lakeshores, have led to significant environmental degradation, including heavy metal contamination. Lake Victoria, the second-largest freshwater lake globally, has been severely impacted by pollution from industrial, agricultural, and urban sources. This research aims at examining the influence of the anthropogenic activities on the water quality of Lake Victoria. Specifically, the study tried to determine the activities undertaken at the Lake shores of Lake Victoria; determined the physico-chemical parameters of the water from the shores and the heavy metal concentration in the water samples obtained from the shores of Lake Victoria. This study utilized a cross-sectional and experimental research designs to assess water quality and anthropogenic influences around Lake Victoria. A total of 150 residents from selected communities were surveyed using a semi-structured questionnaire to gather demographic information, perceptions of water quality and the activities carried out within the shores of Lake Victoria. Water samples were collected from multiple sites along the lake shores for analysis of heavy metals using the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Water quality parameters were determined In-situ using a multi-parameter water testing kit and Hanna instrument. Results showed that the anthropogenic activities that could have contributed to water degradation include: fishing, transport, agriculture and construction among others. Apart from pH which was outside the permissible limits, all the other water parameters were within the WHO permissible limits. Considering the heavy metal concentration, all the sampled sites apart from one inlet, had the concentrations above the WHO permissible levels an indication of significant heavy metal contamination in the Lake Victoria shores. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted pollution control measures and regular monitoring to mitigate further environmental degradation. Effective interventions, including stricter regulations and sustainable land use practices within the Victoria shores are essential for safeguarding the lake's ecosystem and the health of surrounding communities.

Trace analysis of taste and odour compounds in drinking water by stir bar sorptive extraction followed by thermal desorption - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (SBSE-TD-GC-MS)

Trace analysis of taste and odour compounds in drinking water by stir bar sorptive extraction followed by thermal desorption - gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (SBSE-TD-GC-MS)

Water insecurity may exacerbate food insecurity even in water-rich environments: Evidence from the Bolivian Amazon

Water insecurity may exacerbate food insecurity even in water-rich environments: Evidence from the Bolivian Amazon

Perceived and Physical Quality of Drinking Water in Pavlodar and Akmola Rural Regions of Kazakhstan

Water quality in rural areas of developing countries is a notable problem. In this article, drinking water quality from eleven villages in the Pavlodar and the Akmola region of Kazakhstan was analyzed. Questionnaires of village respondents and chemical components of drinking water were analyzed to identify the quality of drinking water. In each of the villages, the chemical content varied depending on the source of drinking water. In the rural Pavlodar region, we observed that some cations and anions exceed the MPC. Respondents’ perceptions of water quality are associated with water sources and physical components. For example, respondents’ satisfaction by inside tap of central water systems’ water was high, the answers of those whose water source was private wells showed more mixed satisfaction levels. The drinking water physical quality indicators are closely related to water mineralization and general hardness. The total microbial count of drinking water has a significant relationship with respondents’ complaints about unpleasant taste, odor, and salinity. The relationship between perceived and physical water quality is a critical aspect of water resource management. By bridging the gap between scientific assessments and public perceptions, we can enhance public health, build trust in water management systems, and promote sustainability of water use.

Analysis of Heavy Metals in Water and Wastewater

The primary focus of the study is to assess the presence and concentration of heavy metals in the water and evaluate its suitability for drinking purposes. Given that a significant portion of the local population depends on groundwater for their daily needs, the study is critical in understanding the potential health risks associated with consuming contaminated water. The study begins with a comprehensive survey to gauge the extent of water usage among the local population and their perceptions of water quality. Results from the survey reveal that nearly half of the households in the region are not connected to a formal drinking water network, relying instead on wells and springs. While the majority of respondents perceive the water quality as good, the analytical findings suggest otherwise. Groundwater samples were collected from twelve wells and three springs across the region. These samples were subjected to rigorous analysis using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) to detect the concentration of various heavy metals, including aluminum, silver, iron, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, cobalt, zinc, lead, and copper. The results indicate that many of these metals are present in concentrations that exceed the World Health Organization's recommended limits for safe drinking water. Iron, in particular, was found at high levels in all sampled locations, raising significant concerns. The study also employs the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) to provide a more comprehensive assessment of water quality. The HPI values calculated for the sampled water sources reveal that a majority of the wells and all of the springs have levels of heavy metal contamination that render the water non-potable. This finding is particularly alarming given the region's dependence on water, especially during periods of drought when alternative water sources are scarce.

Who is more water insecure? Gendered evidence from urban Pakistan

Gender and social dimensions of access to and use of water resources are often overlooked in policy and programming despite their importance in shaping water security. This study examines factors affecting water security in urban Pakistan through a gender lens. We surveyed 560 men and women in two towns in Islamabad and Rawalpindi facing water and sanitation challenges. Through a binary logit model and marginal effects analysis, we analyzed the relationship between water security and multiple variables, including gender, education, age, employment status, payment for water, urban wealth quintile, drinking water source, individual water concern level, water satisfaction, and water quality perception. While more than 50 percent of both genders experience water insecurity, the prevalence of water insecurity is notably higher among women. Men in the surveyed population had higher levels of employment, wealth, and education levels compared to women. The regression analysis across both genders reveals that paying for drinking water negatively and significantly impacts water security, while concern about future water issues, satisfaction with drinking water, and water quality significantly and positively impact water security levels. For women specifically, access to improved drinking water sources, higher education levels, and employment significantly improve their water security level, underscoring the importance of promoting women's education and economic empowerment. For men, age and wealth levels emerged as significant factors impacting their water security, with older men more vulnerable to water insecurity than younger men and women. These findings underscore the complex interplay of individual, social, and structural dynamics shaping water security experiences, emphasizing the need for gender-responsive and intersectional approaches to water interventions in urban Pakistan and beyond. Equitable water policies and programs necessitate the collection of more disaggregated data. This study marks the first application of the Individual Water Insecurity Experiences (IWISE) Scale used in Pakistan's urban context, with recommendations for its broader implementation to improve decision-making that can lead to sustainable water solutions across diverse gender and social groups.

Assessment of Bottled Drinking Water Quality, Safety and Community Perceptions in Dodoma City, Tanzania

Assessment of Bottled Drinking Water Quality, Safety and Community Perceptions in Dodoma City, Tanzania

Bottled Water Consumption and Perceptions of Household Water Quality: An Intra-Urban Analysis of Greensboro, North Carolina

abstract: Perceived household water quality can affect decision-making about bottled water consumption, an issue of environmental justice. Residents who do not trust the quality of their tap water may drink bottled water as an alternative, but people also choose to drink bottled water for other reasons, such as taste or convenience. This study examines patterns of bottled water consumption and perceptions of tap water quality across neighborhoods of Greensboro, North Carolina, with differing income levels. Household surveys were used to investigate residents' consumption of bottled water and tap water and their stated reasons for consuming bottled water. Results indicate that respondents in low-income neighborhoods report drinking significantly (p=0.001) more bottled water than respondents in higher-income neighborhoods. Concerns about the safety of tap water were a significantly (p=0.00005) more important reason for respondents in low-income neighborhoods to choose bottled water compared to respondents in higher-income neighborhoods. The results of this study indicate that intra-urban differences in perceptions of household water quality are a major environmental justice issue in that concerns about safety drive low-income residents to spend their limited income on bottled water.

Navigating end-user perceptions: development and initial psychometric properties of a water quality perception scale

Consistent and accurate measurement of public perceptions of water quality is useful for understanding water use behaviors, policy development/support, and community engagement, all essential for sustainable water management. Toward consistent and accurate measurement, we refined and examined the initial psychometric properties of a Water Quality Perception Scale (WQPS). In this study, we report an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 18 items on a group of respondents (N = 154), which identified one primary factor, 'Individual Water Quality Perception,' consisting of 13 items and two additional factors represented by the remaining 5 items. Subsequently, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed with (n = 147 participants), including both original (n = 74 assessed at a separate time from their original assessment) and new participants (n = 73). The results of the CFA affirmed the initial loadings of the 13-item WQPS in a single factor. The scale demonstrated internal consistency, with coefficients of 0.93 and 0.90 (Cronbach's alpha) in the two samples, and the measure showed convergent validity with the Household Water Insecurity Experiences Scale (HWISE), (r = −0.41 and −0.49 in the respective samples). This scale holds promise toward consistent and accurate measurement instrument for researching public perceptions of water quality, guiding policy and public initiatives to improve water management strategies. Avenues for further development and use are discussed.

Self-reported urinary tract infection and bacterial vaginosis symptoms among indigenous adolescents during seasonal periods of water scarcity: A cross-sectional study in Bandarban Hill District of Bangladesh.

Water scarcity and poor water quality could lead to suboptimum menstrual hygiene practices, and subsequently urinary tract infection (UTI) and bacterial vaginosis (BV). In this study, we estimate the prevalence of self-reported UTI and BV among indigenous adolescent girls during the water scarcity period in the Bandarban Hill Districts in south-eastern Bangladesh. Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 242 indigenous adolescent girls were selected and interviewed during the seasonal water scarcity period (from February to May 2022) in Bandarban. The difference in prevalence of any self-reported UTI or BV symptoms by respondents' characteristics was assessed by χ 2 test. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to observe the associated factors. The prevalence of self-reported UTI, BV, and any symptoms of UTI or BV among the respondents were 35.54%, 28.93%, and 43.80%, respectively. Ethnicity, studentship status, source of water used for menstrual hygiene, and perceived water quality were significantly associated with the prevalence of any self-reported UTI or BV symptoms. Findings recommend further research to cross-check the validity of self-reported prevalence and investigate if the episodes of UTI or BV could be attributable to water scarcity and poor water quality in study areas during dry period.

Water quality and sustainable solutions for drinking water supply in the Taquari-Antas watershed, RS, Brazil

Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human right and a critical component of sustainable development. This study is conducted in the context of the Taquari-Antas Hydrographic Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and assesses the quality of drinking water in 101 rural properties, focusing on identifying problems of potability, especially regarding excessive fluoride concentration, which is a known problem for the water in this region. The study involves the collection of water samples from rural properties, a survey to understand water use and quality perception by users, and water quality analysis using established analytical methodologies. Results show that 58.4% of the investigated rural properties have potability issues, with excessive fluoride being the most prevalent concern, affecting 39.6% of properties. High fluoride levels have significant health implications, including dental and skeletal fluorosis, with global relevance. To address this issue, activated bone charcoal filtration systems were installed in ten properties, effectively reducing fluoride concentrations to within acceptable limits for human consumption. These defluoridation systems are characterized as sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable, offering a practical solution for regions facing similar challenges. Keywords: groundwater, rural properties, water stewardship.