Peppermint Essence Research Articles

Pain and sleep after open-heart surgery-inhalation peppermint essence: double-blind randomized clinical trial

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of inhaling peppermint essence on pain relief and sleep quality after open-heart surgery.MethodsIn a double-blind randomised clinical trial carried out...

Production of the whey protein-based probiotic beverages incorporated with Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and peppermint essence nanoliposomes

Production of the whey protein-based probiotic beverages incorporated with Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and peppermint essence nanoliposomes

Effect Of Peppermint Essence On The Pain And Anxiety Caused By Intravenous Catheterization In Cardiac Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BackgroundThe effects of the peppermint essence on the pain and anxiety caused by intravenous catheterization have not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to determine effect of inhaling peppermint essence on the pain and anxiety.MethodsIn this study, 80 cardiac patients were selected through convenient sampling and randomly allocated to aromatherapy and control groups. Data gathering tools were numeric pain rating scale and visual analogue scale for anxiety. The aromatherapy and control groups received inhaled aromatherapy with peppermint essence and distilled water, respectively.ResultsMean severity of the pain in the aromatherapy and control groups was 2.95±0.98 and 3.42±1.33, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.048). The mean score of anxiety before the intervention in the aromatherapy and control groups was 3.75±1.08 and 4.70±1.43, respectively; these figures after the intervention were 2.32±0.97 and 2.10±1.42, respectively. The two groups were not significantly different before and after the intervention in terms of the level of anxiety. However, the level of anxiety before and after the intervention was significantly different in each group (p<0.001).ConclusionAromatherapy attenuated the pain and anxiety caused by intravenous catheterization. Before catheterization, peppermint essence aromatherapy is recommended.

Development of formulations for sponge cakes made from organic raw materials using the principles of a food products safety management system

To control the safety of sponge cakes made from organic raw materials in line with the HACCP principles, we have developed two sample sponge cakes Winter delight and Exotic. To make the semi-finished sponge cake Winter delight, we used organic buckwheat flour, organic powdered ginger, organic maple sugar, organic eggs, organic peppermint essence. To make the semi-finished sponge cake Exotic, we used organic spelt flour, organic hemp flour, organic powdered rosehip, organic coconut sugar, organic eggs, organic lemon-based essence. It was established that the products developed have high organoleptic properties. Among the physical-chemical indicators, we identified moisture content in both products, which was 25±2 % for the semi-finished sponge cake Winter delight and 24±2 % for the semi-finished sponge cake Exotic. The nutrient and caloric value of products was determined. The amount of proteins for the sponge cake Winter delight was 14.4 g/100 g, for Exotic ‒ 15 g/100 g, the amount of fat ‒ 3.80 and 4.40 g/100 g, the amount of carbohydrates ‒ 50.41 and 55.40 g/100 g, caloric value ‒ 298.84 and 315.80 kcal/100 g, respectively.The HACCP-based plan for the production of sponge cakes makes it possible to manufacture a safe product: we analyzed dangerous factors at each stage of the production process, it was found that the highest degree of risk is inherent to biological factors that might affect the safety of the finished product. We established 4 critical control points, as well as critical boundaries, and designed a HACCP-based plan. We defined the microbiological and toxicological safety indicators for finished products; they do not exceed permissible limits.These results indicate that the use of alternative formulations for semi-finished sponge cakes based on organic raw materials taking into consideration the HACCP approaches makes it possible to create safe products with elevated nutritional value. The results obtained could be applied at enterprises in confectionery industry in order to extend the range of organic products. In addition, given the requirement to implement the HACCP system by all operators in the market of foods, the results of developing the HACCP plan could also be utilized by manufacturers.

Physiological response of Gerbera jamesonii L. cut flowers to the cola and peppermint essence.

This research was conducted to investigate the effects of peppermint (Mentha piperita) essence treatment (2000 mg L-1) and cola soft drink treatment separately and in combination with each other on the vase life and some physiological characteristics of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) cut flowers with factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Distilled water used as control. The results showed that all treatments significantly increased the vase life, solution absorption, petal carotenoids, flower diameter, relative fresh weight, and petal total soluble solids in comparison with control. The highest and the lowest vase life were obtained in the peppermint essence plus cola soft drink treatment (250 ml L -1) with 20.33 days and in the control with 9 days, respectively. The highest amounts of carotenoid, flower diameter, relative fresh weight, and total soluble solids were obtained in the peppermint essence plus cola soft drink treatment (250 ml L -1). The highest amounts of solution absorption were obtained in flowers treated with cola soft drink (250 ml L-1). In general, the results indicated that the peppermint essence as a safe and natural antimicrobial compound and the cola soft drink as a common drink having sugary and acid materials with easy access and being affordable could be used in gerbera cut flower preservative solution.

Sources of Placebo-Induced Relief From Nausea: The Role of Instruction and Conditioning.

It is well documented that expectancies alter the nauseous response. However, the lack of integration in research examining sources of expectancy has limited our understanding of how expectancies are formed and, consequently, our ability to intervene. The present study explored the role of both instructions and conditioning in placebo-induced relief from nausea. The study used a 2 × 2 between-subjects design with instruction and conditioning as factors with 56 healthy volunteers. The instruction manipulation involved randomizing participants to receive information that a sham treatment (a peppermint essence vapor) would reduce nausea or no such instructions. The conditioning manipulation involved further randomizing participants to have the first administration of this sham treatment paired with a surreptitious reduction in galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) intensity or no prior pairing. Nausea was induced through GVS. On test, all groups received the same level of GVS with the sham treatment present. On test, participants who received instruction had significantly lower nauseous response scores than those who did not (F(1,46) = 6.71, p = .013), and those who received conditioning also reported less nausea than those who did not (F(1,46) = 5.20, p = .027), with the interaction between the two not reaching statistical significance (F(1,46) = 2.33, p = .13). These findings indicate that placebo responding in nausea can be induced both through positive instructions and as little as one pairing of a treatment with a reduction in nausea, as well as their combination. This suggests that using placebo effects to complement antiemetic therapy may offer an important method of further reducing nausea in the clinic.

Potential of Increasing the Vase Life and Improvement of some Physiological Characteristics of Alstroemeria Cut Flowers by Using Non-Harmful Compounds Environmentally

In this study, the concentrations of 25, 375 and 500 ml L -1 of Cola+ 2000 mg L -1 of peppermint essence and concentrations of 30, 45 and 60 ml L -1 of apple extract +2000 mg L -1 rosemary essence on Alstroemeria cut flowers (Cv. balance) were investigated to verify the use of natural ingredients in flowers preservative solutions. This experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, in 2014. Results showed that the interaction of cola with peppermint essence and apple extract with rosemary essence at above concentrations increase the vase life of flower, flower diameter and anthocyanin at significantly level of %1. The highest amount of vase life was related to concentration of 500 ml L -1 of cola (15 days), while vase life in control treatment (distilled water) was 9 days. The highest flower diameter was recorded in apple extract (45 ml L -1 ) + Rosemary essence (2000 mg L -1 ). The highest amount of anthocyanin was obtained in cola treatments of 500 ml L -1 + essence of peppermint, 30 and 45 ml L -1 of apple extract+ rosemary essence. Besides, flowers treated by 375 ml L -1 of cola + peppermint essence had the highest chlorophyll content. Generally, the results showed that treatments used in this experiment, as accessible compounds are healthy and non-hazardous for the environment, appropriate to increase the vase life of Alstroemeria cut flowers

Clinical Practice Guideline: Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and functional constipation in the adult.

In this Clinical Practice Guideline we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of adult patients with constipation and abdominal complaints at the confluence of the irritable bowel syndrome spectrum and functional constipation. Both conditions are included among the functional bowel disorders, and have a significant personal, healthcare, and social impact, affecting the quality of life of the patients who suffer from them. The first one is the irritable bowel syndrome subtype, where constipation represents the predominant complaint, in association with recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, and abdominal distension. Constipation is characterized by difficulties with or low frequency of bowel movements, often accompanied by straining during defecation or a feeling of incomplete evacuation. Most cases have no underlying medical cause, and are therefore considered as a functional bowel disorder. There are many clinical and pathophysiological similarities between both disorders, and both respond similarly to commonly used drugs, their primary difference being the presence or absence of pain, albeit not in an "all or nothing" manner. Severity depends not only upon bowel symptom intensity but also upon other biopsychosocial factors (association of gastrointestinal and extraintestinal symptoms, grade of involvement, and perception and behavior variants). Functional bowel disorders are diagnosed using the Rome criteria. This Clinical Practice Guideline has been made consistent with the Rome IV criteria, which were published late in May 2016, and discuss alarm criteria, diagnostic tests, and referral criteria between Primary Care and gastroenterology settings. Furthermore, all the available treatment options (exercise, fluid ingestion, diet with soluble fiber-rich foods, fiber supplementation, other dietary components, osmotic or stimulating laxatives, probiotics, antibiotics, spasmolytics, peppermint essence, prucalopride, linaclotide, lubiprostone, biofeedback, antidepressants, psychological therapy, acupuncture, enemas, sacral root neurostimulation, surgery) are discussed, and practical recommendations are made regarding each of them.

Effect of Peppermint on Medical Team’s Satisfaction During Pediatric's Endoscopic Examination of gastrointestinal (GI) System

Introduction: Endoscopic examination of gastrointestinal (GI) system is a diagnostic and therapeutic instrument in children. Endoscopy usually encounters some difficulties because of intensive and spastic response of GI muscles during endoscopic examination. So this study aimed to assess the effect of peppermint essence on satisfaction of patient and therapeutic team during endoscopic examination. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 120 children less than 14 years who affected to pyloric spasm under endoscopy. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Control group (n=60) received placebo and case group (n=60) received peppermint essence. Data were analyzed by descriptive- analytic (Mann–Whitney test, T-test, correlation) statistics and using SPSS 11.5. Results: More than half of case group (73.3%) were satisfied with endoscopy process, while 51.6% of control group were dissatisfied. Mean of endoscopy duration time was 9.30±0.35 min in peppermint group and 10.14±0.34 min in control group; which it had a significant difference in two groups (P<0.05). Mean duration time of pylorus spasm relaxation was less than 60s in case group, while it took time more than 60s in 60% of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Findings showed that peppermint administration to children during endoscopy caused to improve satisfaction of endoscopy team. It also caused to reduce duration time of endoscopy and pyloric spasm.

A survey on inhalation effect of essence of peppermint on nausea and vomiting after abdominal surgery in patients who have been admitted to Besaat and Tohid hospitals in Sanandaj

Abstract Background and aim: Nausea and vomiting is among the most common complications in patients recovering from general anaesthesia , 30-70 of patients experience nausea and vomiting after surgery. Although variety of medications have been used to control this complication, it still remains as a problem. Armothpy a non pharmacologic intervention is suggested for treatment of many conditions and Pepprmint may be effectivein treatment of common digestive conditions. This aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of inhaling peppermint essence for prevention of nausea and vomiting after abdominal surgery in patients admitted in Beasssat and Tohid hospitals in Sanandaj in 2011. Method and materials: randomized clinical trial was conducted to examine the efficacy of Peppermint essence inhalation for prevention of post- surgical nausea and sample of the study consisted of 90 patients, which were randomly allocated to receive peppermint inhalation or saline normal. 2 × 2 gauze pad saturated with two drops of pure pharmacy-grade peppermint essence was used for 1 minute in intervention group. For patients in control group a 2 × 2 gauze pad saturated with 0. 9% normal saline was used. visual analog scale was used to rate Patients were followed in recovery and surgical ward for occurrence of nausea and Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 17. Findings: There was not statistical difference between two groups in terms of confounding variables such as body mass index, length of anesthesia as well as type of anesthesia. 6. 7% of patients in peppermint group and 0% of patients in control group experienced mild Manwitney statistical test, showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of nausea in recovery room. results indicated there was significant difference between the two groups in the 1392 ناتسمز ،83 هرامش ،23 هرود / 34 ناراکمه و یفجن هراهب severity of nausea in surgical ward. There was not a significant difference between two groups in term of numbers of Conclusion: findings of the study showed no diferrence between peppermint and saline in terms of prevetion of nausea and One reason can either be ineffective breathing patterns of patients after anesthesia or insufficient dose of peppermint which has affected the results of this study. It seems more studies with various shapes and amounts of peppermint are required in this regard. Keywords: Aromaterapy, Nausea & Vomiting, Peppermint REFERENCES Anderson L , Gross B (2004); Aromathrapy with peppermint isopropelalchol ,or placebo is equally effective in reliving post operative nausea. Journal of peri Anesthesia Nursing . 19(1) 35-29. Chadhary S et al (2008); Preoperation intravenous fluid therapy with crystalloid or colloid on post operativenauseav Incidence of post operative nausea and vomiting in patients at a university hospital. Biomed Pap med Fac Unit PalackyOlomuc Czech Repub . 157(1) 69-79. Ferruggiari L et al (2012); The effect of aromatherapy on post operative nausea in women undergoing surgical procedures. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing . 27(4(246-251. Gan T G et al (2003); Consenus guid lines for managing post operative nausea and vomiting. International Anesthesia Research Society . 97(16) 2-71. Gan T G et al (2007); Societyfor ambulatory anesthesia guid lines for the management of post operative nausea and vomiting. Anesthesia & Analagesia . 105(1)16-25. Hunt R et al (2012); Aromatrapy as treatment for post operative randomized tril. International Anesthisia Analagesia Research Socity . 1(1)1-8. Pellegrin J et al (2009); Comparison of inhalation of isopropyl alcholvsprometazin in the treatment of post operative nausea and vomiting(ponv) in patients identified as at high risk for developing ponv. AANA Journal . 77(4) 293-299. Salehisormaghi MH (2008); Herb and Herbal Therapy . Second ed. Tehran: Doniaetaghzie. Smeltzer S Bare B (2011); Textbook of Medical- Surgical Nursing, Operating Room . Translated by Khachian 1392 ناتسمز ،83 هرامش ،23 هرود / 32 ناراکمه و یفجن هراهب A. Tehran Jameae Negar. (Persian). Shaha PP , Kundnani PKM (2004); A review of medicinal uses and pharmacological effects of menthe pipprita. Natural Product Radiance . 3(4) 214-224. Tate S (1997); Peper mint oilatreatment for postoperative nausea. Journal of Advanced Nursing . 26(1) 584-590.

Effect Supermint oil (Peppermint oil) on the Patient's and Colonoscopy Team Satisfaction During Colonoscopy in Children

Introduction: Colonoscopy is an invasive method that is painful for patient especially for children. The objective of this research was investigation of the effect of supermint oral drop (peppermint essence) on the patient and colonoscopist group satisfaction during colonoscopy. Materials and Methods: One hundred and one patient's candidate for colonoscopy was randomly divided into two groups. Control group did not receive any drug. Case group was administrated oral drop of supermint 30 minute before colonoscopy. A standard questionnaire was filled during the colonoscopy for satisfaction of the patient and colonoscopist group. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 15 and T-test. Results: Two percents in control group and 54.9% in case group have a great degree of satisfaction. Besides, mean degress of satisfaction in case group was 64.7% that significantly difference with control group (2%) (P<0.05(. Mean value of pain, duration of colonoscopy in control group was 5/60+1/85 and in case group was 4/20+1/70 and this diference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that peppermint essence causes increase in satisfaction in both patient and colonoscopy group. Key words: Peppermint, Pain, Colonoscopy, Supermint

Effect Supermint oil (peppermint oil) on Patient Satisfaction and the Colonoscopy team during Colonoscopy

Introduction: Colonoscopy is an invasive method that is painful for patient especially for children. The objective of this research was investigation into the effect of supermint oral drop (peppermint essence) on the patient and colonoscopist group satisfaction during colonoscopy. Material and Methods: In this clinical trial study, 101 children candidate colonoscopy (7-14 years old) in children’s medical center were randomly divided into two groups, case (n=51) and control (n=50) respectively. Control group received placebo and about half an hour before the colonoscopy control group case group was administrated 20 oral drops Supermint oil (peppermint oil). A standard questionnaire was filled after the colonoscopy for satisfaction of the patient and colonoscopist group. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 11.5 (T-test and Corraletion). Results: Two percents in control group and 54.9% in case group have a great degree of satisfaction. Besides, degrees of satisfaction in case group was 64.7% that significantly difference with those of control group (2%) P<0.05). Mean value of pain, duration of colonoscopy in control group was 5/60+1/85 and in case group was 4/20+1/70 and this difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that drop Supermint oil on pain relief have a positive influence in during colonoscopy in children, so peppermint essence causes increase in satisfaction in both patient and colonoscopy group. Key words: Colonoscopy, Peppermint, Pain, Supermint.

COCKTAILS FOR COCKROACHES

Scuttling in sewers and crawling through cracked pavements, cockroaches must search for food in the dark by using their antennae to sniff out decaying plant and animal scraps. Being able to distinguish between very similar smells would help them decide what's edible and what's not. A great deal is known about which chemicals the receptor cells in cockroach antennae respond to, but neurophysiology cannot tell us what odours cockroaches can really distinguish in the wild. Sakura and colleagues tackle this problem by training cockroaches to indicate when they can tell alcoholic fragrances apart. Their findings allow the team to draw links for the first time between what happens in nerve cells and what happens in dirty kitchens after dark.Sakura and team taught cockroaches to choose filter paper soaked in peppermint essence over paper soaked in vanilla by providing a sugary reward for a correct answer and a salty punishment for an error. Testing revealed that cockroaches learn to make preferences very quickly and can retain them for a long time. They also found that these preferences can easily be overridden by training them with different flavours. The team then repeated the training, but substituted three different types of alcohols instead of the peppermint and vanilla. The team knew that if the cockroaches could learn to recognise the alcohol type associated with the reward, it meant that they could distinguish between similar alcohols; and this is exactly what happened. The cockroaches could discriminate a whole range of alcohols, which sometimes differed only by a single carbon atom or by subtleties in the chemical structure. The cockroaches could also tell apart different concentrations of alcohols and mixtures of them – with a few exceptions. Comparisons show that cockroaches' ability to discriminate alcohols is as good as bees and humans!Some of the alcohols used in the study are plant components, such as green leaf odour, lemons or floral fragrances. In the wild, cockroaches would rarely approach these smells, since they do not usually eat living plants. But they can be taught to favour these plant extracts over other alcohols. This reflects the enormous flexibility in their diet, which makes them such successful scavengers.Sakura and colleagues compared their behavioural findings with the information available about cockroach antennae. Antennae contain many receptor cells, which taste the surrounding air. These receptors fall into eight categories, only one of which responds to alcohol. This group of alcohol-sensitive cells can be further divided into subclasses, each responding differently to a range of alcohol types. The team noticed that in some cases, the alcohols discriminated during training fell into different subclasses of alcohol-sensitive cells. In these instances, the behavioural findings were in agreement with the neurophysiology. In other cases, however,the cockroaches could discriminate alcohols that fell into the same receptor subclass. This meant that these alcohols are told apart, not in the antennae but by further processing in the brain. Such relationships between neurophysiology and behaviour advance understanding by tugging at the entangled mesh of mechanisms underlying learning and processing in insect nervous systems.

Essense of peppermint: history of the medicine and its bottle.

Glass bottles embossed BY THE/KINGS PATENT/ ESSENCE OF/PEPPERMINT have been found on many archaeological sites in North America, including military, fur trade, native, and domestic/commercial sites. Essence of Peppermint was patented in 1762 by John Juniper and became one of several 18th century English patent medicines to continue in production into the 20th century. The history of its production, marketing and distribution, and use is explored, using documentary sources and archaeological material. An attempt is made to identify the type of persons or organizations using the medicine.

The Action of a Carminative on the Lower Esophageal Sphincter

The effect of essence of peppermint on the lower esophageal sphincter was studied manometrically in 27 subjects. In 25 subjects, within 1 to 7 min following the introduction of the peppermint, a decrease in intrasphincteric pressure was noted. When intrasphincteric pressure approximated intragastric pressure, there was an increase in intraesophageal pressure to levels to that recorded from the stomach, indicating a relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter and the establishment of esophageal reflux.

POISONING BY WOOD ALCOHOL.

With the kind assistance of the profession in the United States and Canada, we have been able to report the following instances of methyl alcohol intoxication, most of them hitherto unpublished. The list of deaths and cases of blindness following the ingestion of Columbian and other forms of wood alcohol, as well as methylated Jamaica ginger, lemon extract, bay rum, cologne water, witch hazel, essence of peppermint, essence of lemon, etc., not to mention all sorts and kinds of other official, domestic and proprietary remedies into which alcohol enters, has lately grown to alarming proportions. This record of death and blindness has been made in recent years only, since the cheap, deodorized methyl alcohol [untaxed, retail price 50 cents a gallon; ethyl alcohol, taxed, retail price $2.60 a gallon] has been put on the market. Wood alcohol and methylated spirits made by the old processes subserved useful as well

REPORT ON THE TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS.

This report covers in most of the cases a period of about eight months, in some of the cases a period of nearly two years. The various remedies, upon the use of which the report is made, are Edson's aseptolin, Paquin's tubercle antitoxin and Vaughan's nuclein. In all cases where the stomach does not rebel, cod liver oil was also used. Alcoholic stimulants have not been used, except as temporarily called for. Locally, inhalations, sprays and insufflations consisting of iodoform in ether and in powder, menthol in albolene, essence of peppermint and a mixture of acetanilid, carbolic acid and glycerite of tar according to the formula of Dr. R. P. Lincoln of New York City, have been used. In all cases reported the tubercle bacillus was found in the sputum. Following is the detailed statement of cases treated by aseptolin (which is a solution containing 3 per cent. of absolute