Experiences Of People Research Articles

‘They’re not dog friendly because they’re not anyone friendly’: living with dogs in two densifying London neighbourhoods

Since the late 1990s, policy makers in the UK have promoted building higher density housing. Notably absent from this policy are the companion animals with whom we share our homes and public spaces. Their absence is all the more surprising given that dog companionship is often associated with the same outcomes as championed by the density and compact city agendas—social cohesion, community well-being, and active lifestyles. Based on research conducted in two London neighbourhoods, this paper explores how people experience urban density when with a dog, the challenges and opportunities they encounter, and how they negotiate their way through an often confusing and unspoken web of rules, laws and norms. The research builds on work which examines human-dog relations, arguing that the lack of clarity around where dogs are and are not welcome is reflective of the ways dogs are ambiguously positioned in relation to discourses of density and urban living. The ways urbanism is promoted in the UK is not politically neutral, nor are the ways some dogs are included or excluded from this imagining. We argue that the absence of clarity about dogs is constitutive of shifting and often confusing discourses about animals, urbanism, and densification.

Micro Teaching as Efficient Technique to Increase Self-Efficacy of Prospective Biology Teacher: Evidence from First Year Teacher

This study focuses on the perspective of prospective teachers on the development of self-efficacy during teaching practice in micro teaching and also during real teaching. The problem in this study is what factors influence the development of self-efficacy during micro teaching and real teaching? The purpose of this study is to describe the factors that contribute to the development of self-efficacy during micro teaching and real teaching. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. The participants of the study were first-year biology teachers who had taken micro teaching courses at college. The instruments used included questionnaires and interview sheets. The results obtained were that during micro teaching, prospective teachers had high self-efficacy in three factors, namely performance experience, other people's experiences, and social support. Meanwhile, after teaching at school (real teaching), the factors that support the development of self-efficacy are physiological and emotional states. In order for self-efficacy to develop well during real teaching, it can be concluded that micro teaching is an efficient technique in improving the self-efficacy of prospective biology teachers. It is necessary to form a learning community in schools that can be used as a forum for teachers to collaborate with each other in finding efficient strategies in teaching. This can support the development of teacher self-efficacy.

Neuroimaging-Based Classification of Cisgender and Transgender Individuals Using MRI Brain Scans

In recent years, the study of gender identity has considerably evolved, moving beyond binary definitions and embracing a more comprehensive understanding of the experiences of both cisgender and transgender people. In the middle of this advancement, neuroimaging and neuroscience present encouraging paths toward comprehending the biological foundations of gender identity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become essential in studying brain anatomy and function, allowing scientists to investigate possible variations in the neuroanatomy linked to different gender identities. Here, cisgender and transgender classification from brain MRI scans using a Convolutional Neural Network is presented. With the use of these methods, the possibility of identifying unique brain traits that differentiate cisgender from transgender individuals is explored, which may provide insight into the biological components of gender identity.

Policy Improvement for Local Governments by Analyzing Demands for Safe Environments by Vulnerable Groups: Focusing on Daejeon Metropolitan City

This study highlights the importance of improving safety environments for vulnerable groups, especially individuals with disabilities, in the face of the disasters and accidents that frequently occur in modern society. People with disabilities are more likely to suffer greater harm due to physical and environmental limitations during disasters, necessitating systematic response measures. This study proposes practical and tailored support measures to improve safety environments for vulnerable groups. To this end, a survey and in-depth interviews were conducted, focusing on disabled individuals, the elderly, and children in Daejeon, to analyze their perceptions and needs regarding safety environments. The research findings show that individuals with disabilities have a high level of fear of disasters and safety accidents, and their ability to respond in emergency situations is very low. Elderly people experience difficulty responding during emergencies due to social isolation and limited access to information, whereas children lack awareness of risks, making it challenging for them to respond appropriately when accidents occur. Based on these findings, this study emphasizes the need for tailored educational programs, expanded safety infrastructure, and the development of IoT-based support systems to provide comprehensive measures for vulnerable groups. In conclusion, this study proposes tailored policies and support measures that consider the characteristics of vulnerable groups. By doing so, it is intended to strengthen the disaster response capabilities of vulnerable groups, including individuals with disabilities and the elderly, and contribute to creating a safer social environment.

Antiinflamation Activity Test of Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispa (L.) Blume) Leaves Extraction on White Mencites (Mus musculus)

Background: Inflammation often occurs in According to data from WHO, 2004) the number of people with bone inflammation worldwide reached around 11.9 million people. In high-income countries, around 1.3 million people experience bone pain, while in low to middle-income countries, the prevalence reached 5.9 million. In Southeast Asia, there are 4.4 million people with arthritis. In North Sumatra, the prevalence of arthritis according to the diagnosis of health workers is 8.4%, while based on diagnosis or symptoms it reaches 19.2%. In Medan City, the prevalence based on the diagnosis of health workers is 5.1%, and based on diagnosis and symptoms it is 17.2%. The method used in this study is the formation of artificial edema on the soles of the feet of male white mice with 1% carrageenan induction. Testing the anti-inflammatory activity of keji beling leaf extract was carried out with 25 test animals divided into 5 treatment groups. The groups consisted of positive controls given sodium diclofenac at a dose of 6.5 mg/kgBW, negative controls given Na-CMC 0.5%, and three extract groups at doses of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 300 mg/kgBW. The results showed that the percentage of inflammation in the five test groups decreased consistently from the 60th minute to the 360th minute after carrageenan induction. The highest percentage of inflammation was recorded at the 120th minute for the Na-CMC group, followed by the 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, and sodium diclofenac groups. The highest percentage of inflammation inhibition was obtained from the sodium diclofenac portion, followed by 300 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 100 mg/kgBW. This shows that the good inhibition percentage is owned by EDKB 300 mg/kgBW continued sodium diclofenac, and EDKB 200 mg/kgBW and 100 mg/kgBW. This indicates that the sodium diclofenac portion and extract with doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kgBW have the power to function as anti-inflammatory agents, compared to the Na-CMC group which showed no effect.

Ngā Kaupapa Wawata me Uara: a narrative review exploring Tiriti o Waitangi-centred population health programmes in Aotearoa New Zealand

Globally, Indigenous Peoples experience widespread health inequities. Treaties provide a potential framework to uphold Indigenous rights and progress health equity. Te Tiriti o Waitangi (Māori language version of the Treaty of Waitangi) established the relationship between Māori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa (New Zealand), and the British Crown. Grounded in Kaupapa Māori theory, this literature review used an Indigeneity-Grounded Analysis (IGA) policy lens to identify four characteristics of Tiriti-centred population health programmes: whanaungatanga (relationships), pro-equity actions, Te Ao Māori (Māori worldviews), and accountability. Although the evidence-base is emergent, a rights-based approach identifies the centrality of Indigenous self-determination, structural and system transformation, and freedom from discrimination. Indigenous knowledge provides the foundation for treaty-centered policy supportive of Indigenous rights and health equity.

Gender Identity and Aggression.

Gender identity, or people's deeply felt, internal sense of their gender, plays an important role in aggression perpetration and victimization. In this article, I review and organize the psychological research literatures on gender identity-based aggression. I first discuss the need to move beyond binary, cisgender understandings of gender by embracing expansive definitions that more fully capture people's experiences and identities. Next, I summarize relevant research indicating two paths from gender identity to aggression. In one path, individuals with a more masculine (i.e., dominant, agentic) gender identity use aggression proactively, motivated by pursuit of social dominance. In another path, individuals with a more uncertain (i.e., insecure, precarious) gender identity use aggression defensively-and often toward vulnerable, gender nonconforming targets-as a means of protecting their gender identity against threats. I end by identifying important areas for future research and considering how interventions might best mitigate gender identity-based aggression.

Architectural Narratives of Aesthetic Form: Exploring the Perception and Psychological Design in Church Architecture

This article examines church architecture to explore the role of formal beauty in architectural spatial narratives and how perception and psychological design influence people's experiences and emotions. First, the article reviews the theoretical foundations of formal beauty in architecture, elaborating on the application of aesthetic elements such as proportion, symmetry, rhythm, and light and shadow in buildings. Then, through case studies of typical churches from different historical periods (such as Gothic, Baroque, and modern churches), it reveals how architects utilize spatial layout, verticality, light, and decoration to create unique spiritual atmospheres and enhance religious experiences. The article focuses on how architectural space guides people's perception processes, stimulates psychological resonance, and achieves emotional elevation. Finally, it summarizes the key role of formal beauty in architectural narratives, emphasizing the importance of perceptual and psychological design in enhancing the quality of architectural spaces. By deeply exploring church architecture, this study aims to provide new perspectives for modern architectural design, advocating for the creation of formal beauty to enrich the narrative and appeal of spaces while meeting functional requirements.

Crafting Subverses: A Narrative Analysis of the Experience of Losing a Parent through Intimate Partner Homicide

Abstract Purpose Losing a parent due to intimate partner homicide is a traumatic experience, exacerbated by homicide and the associated grief being a taboo in many western cultures. This study investigated the experiences of young people and adults bereaved by parental intimate partner homicide during childhood, to gain a better understanding of how they make sense of and share their personal story after such a loss. Methods Within the context of a larger study, we conducted twelve semi-structured interviews with people with lived experience of such deaths in Australia and used narrative analysis to interpret the data. Results Participants were frequently confronted with imposed narratives (i.e., from family, practitioners, peers) about the homicide, their parents, and their own identities, leading to a deep sense of loneliness and feeling misunderstood, powerless, and silenced. In various ways, participants resisted imposed narratives and took control over their stories. This process was difficult but could lead to improved and more authentic relationships with oneself, family, and others. In this way, participants used their experiences to transform themselves and others, sometimes by becoming advocates or practitioners supporting others with similar experiences. Conclusions We named this process of taking control of one’s story “crafting subverses.” It involved making sense of and sharing experiences of trauma and grief for personal healing and social justice. Helping children craft their “subverses” may be an important aspect of gaining a deeper understanding of how to support them. Provision of carefully tailored peer mentoring, professional support and opportunities to influence programs and policy appear key to better support systems for those bereaved due to parental intimate partner homicide.

A Systematic Review of Residential Care for Children and Young People with Disabilities: Towards the Development of Quality Indicators

AbstractConsidering data that suggests an overrepresentation of children/youth with disabilities in Residential Care Homes (RCH), placing them in a situation of accumulation of risk factors and increased vulnerability, this study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) focused on this target group. Research questions address prevalence rates, characteristics and outcomes of children/youth with disabilities in RCH; characteristics and practices of RCH, and evidence-based interventions; and recommendations to improve practices to support the development of quality indicators to improve the experience of children and young people with disabilities in RCH. Methodology followed PRISMA-P and the protocol was registered with PROSPERO. Five databases were used and 31 studies were included. Results demonstrate the need for clear definitions of disability to ensure consistent data and guide policymaking for RCH. Moreover, results show gaps in research on the experiences of children/youth with disabilities in RCH, and on specific interventions for this population. Based on the recommendations offered by the literature, this SLR contributes to the development of quality indicators that consider the needs of children/youth with disabilities in RCH and promote their participation in all areas of life.

Empowering Young People in Shaping an Intersectional Future for Public Spaces

Public spaces, such as squares, urban parks, and communal areas are arenas that reflect societal values and power structures, influencing who has access and how they engage with these spaces. This viewpoint explores the application of intersectionality—considering factors like gender, race, and socioeconomic status—in understanding how diverse identities shape the lived experience of young people in public spaces. More specifically, it focuses on girls, and it reflects on the intersectional challenges girls face in four different contexts to include Belgium, South Africa, Iran, and Sweden. The analysis reveals the complexities of safety, accessibility, and inclusion girls face across all cases. This viewpoint underscores the value in using an intersectional lens in designing inclusive public spaces and highlights the pivotal role of young people as advocates for change.

"All the horrible emotions have passed, I still remained, and I was safe": A qualitative study of Lesbian and Gay people's lived experience of completing a full Dialectical Behaviour Therapy programme.

Lesbian and Gay people (LGP) experience higher rates of mental health difficulties, including self-harm, suicidal behaviours, as well as inequalities in health care, than their heterosexual peers. Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based treatment for self-harm and suicidal behaviours, though there is little research on LGP's experiences of DBT. This research aims to explore LGP's experiences of completing a full DBT programme. A qualitative design with semi-structured individual interviews was utilised. The results were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Six lesbian and two gay adults, aged between 22 and 47 years, living in the United Kingdom took part. All participants had completed a full programme of DBT within the 2 years prior to the interview. Four superordinate themes emerged from the data: (1) The DBT journey; (2) Connections and Sense of Community during DBT; (3) Sexuality both visible and invisible in DBT and (4) A Gender, Sexuality and Relationship Diverse (GSRD) affirmative future for DBT. Several clinical implications are suggested to improve DBT for LGP, for example to consider having other LGP within DBT groups, to create a more GSRD-affirming DBT (changes to the DBT manual, DBT therapists, DBT programme and physical DBT space), to adapt DBT techniques to manage sexuality-related difficulties and to adopt a GSRD-centric framework. Overall, DBT appears to be beneficial for LGP.

Automatic Gesture-Based Arabic Sign Language Recognition: A Federated Learning Approach

Featuring machine learning algorithms for recognizing hand gesture patterns adjusted for individuals with disabilities is an expanding trend in assisted living. This paper addresses the challenge of interpreting the semantics of image-based hand gestures by introducing a federated deep learning architecture for Arabic sign language recognition. The proposed model manages distributed learning through a client-server paradigm, wherein several edge nodes collaborate to jointly learn the discriminative features of confidential data without breaching its privacy. This model will enable more accessibility for people with deafness or impairment using image gestures. The federated learning procedure is primarily based on the ResNet32 deep backbone and federated averaging mechanism. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed FL model, achieving an accuracy of 98.30% with 33 seconds on average for each client in a single training round. This demonstrates its high capabilities in recognizing Arabic sign language and improving the communication experience for people with disabilities.

Ethnic inequalities in primary care experiences for people with multiple long-term conditions: Evidence from the general practice patient survey

ObjectivesTo examine the relationship between ethnicity and experiences of primary care for people with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and assess the relative importance of demographic, practice, and area-level factors as influences on primary care experiences across ethnic groups. Study designA retrospective study using 2018–19 GP Patient Survey data linked to General Practice Workforce data and small area data published by the Office for National Statistics. MethodsWe conducted multilevel regression analysis to assess the relationship between ethnicity and experience of accessing primary care and interacting with healthcare professionals. We built separate regression models for each outcome and included (i) each covariate separately, (ii) demographic factors and (iii) demographic, practice, and area-level factors. ResultsUpon full adjustment Arab, Bangladeshi, Chinese, Indian, Pakistani, other Asian, mixed white and Asian, and other white people with MLTCs have lower levels of satisfaction with primary care access and interacting with healthcare professionals compared with white British people. The influence of demographic, practice and area-level factors is not uniform across ethnic groups; demographic factors account for the inequalities in levels of satisfaction with access to primary care between white British people and Black other, mixed other, mixed white & Black Caribbean and Gypsy & Irish Travellers. However, practice and area-level factors strengthen inequalities in the experience of accessing primary care for Bangladeshi, Indian and Pakistani people. ConclusionsGiven the link between patient satisfaction and patient-related health outcomes, the lower levels of satisfaction with accessing primary care and interacting with healthcare professionals among the aforementioned minoritised ethnic groups are concerning and require further scrutiny. Qualitative studies are required to understand and address the sources of poor experiences in primary care for minoritised people with MLTCs to improve patient-centred healthcare and outcomes.

Access to transition-related health care among transmasculine people in India: A mixed-methods investigation.

Little research has examined the health care experiences of transmasculine people in India, where government initiatives to improve access to transition-related (also called gender-affirmative) care have recently been announced. We draw on data from 'Our Health Matters', a mixed-methods community-based participatory research project, to characterize the transition-related care experiences of transmasculine people in India. Peer researchers conducted 40 virtual qualitative interviews in Hindi or Marathi from July to September 2021. Between November 2022 and January 2023, 377 transmasculine people participated in a multi-mode survey available in five languages. Qualitative data were analysed with a combination of framework analysis and grounded theory techniques. Data were mixed using a convergent parallel approach. Transmasculine persons' care journeys began with information-seeking, relying on peers and internet searches. In choosing between the public and private healthcare systems, they weighed issues of quality and affordability: the public system was perceived as lower-quality and difficult to access but most could not afford private care, leading to delays in care. Indeed, unmet need was common; 36.4% of survey participants were planning but had not begun to receive transition-related care and 80.2% wanted at least one transition-related surgery. Although some participants encountered stigma and refusal of care when seeking hormones, survey participants reported largely positive experiences with their hormone prescribers, which may reflect the influence of peer referrals. Participants underwent psychological assessments prior to transition-related care, which some experienced as disempowering and a barrier to disclosing mental health challenges. Finally, participants who were able to access care reported improved well-being, although surgical dissatisfaction was not uncommon (26.2%). Trans-inclusive medical training and continuing education are critical to enhancing access to high-quality transition-related care. Transmasculine people generally relied on peers and grassroots organizations for information, system navigation, and financial assistance. Strengthening these existing community resources may improve access to care.

Emotional Intelligence Profiles among Lesbians, Gays and Bisexuals (LGB) People: Their Influence on Mental Health, Life Satisfaction, Self-esteem and the Development of Sexual Identity

Abstract Introduction Many studies have focused recently on the negative impact of homophobia or biphobia, seeking to identify protective factors for the LGB (lesbian, gay, and bisexual) community. Methods The present study aims to identify emotional intelligence (EI) profiles among a sample of 1215 LGB people in order to determine whether significant differences exist between them in terms of mental health, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and the development of sexual identity. To analyse the differential effect of EI on the variables, four cluster profiles were defined by combining the three dimensions of EI (attention, clarity, and repair). The first profile had low levels in all three dimensions; the second had high attention and low repair; the third had high general EI and the fourth had low attention and high repair. Results Significant differences were observed among profiles (p < .001; η2 = 0.126). Those with high EI indexes reported less anxiety and depression and had better levels of self-esteem, life satisfaction and acceptance of their non-normative sexual identity. Those with low rates in all areas of EI or high levels of attention were at risk of developing psycho-emotional problems. Discussion We can conclude that different EI profiles exist among LGB community and that these profiles influence mental health, life satisfaction and self-esteem outcomes and identity development in different ways. Policy Implications The findings reported here have practical policy implications for psychoeducational proposals and interventions aimed at improving the experiences of LGB people, particularly in terms of promoting individual characteristics that can help them cope with systematic oppression, such as emotion repair.

Living with psychotropic drugs: A community photovoice study in people with high treatment adherence in Southeastern Spain

Adherence to psychopharmacological treatment essentially involves a process of meaning-making. The objective of this study was to explore the experience of people undergoing chronic psychiatric treatment from the patients’ perspective. In 2018, using the photovoice methodology, four sessions were conducted with the participation of 11 individuals from a community school in a socially marginalized neighborhood of a southeastern Spanish city, some of whom were also users of a social rehabilitation and integration center and a day center. Participants took and selected 41 photographs under the premise: “Photograph your experience regarding health and medication.” A categorization of the emerging narratives was carried out during a dialogical session between participants and researchers, which was recorded for subsequent transcription and analysis. The experiences were divided into two major symbolic themes that seek to give therapeutic meaning to medication: one of conflict and the other of motivation.

Examining the Support Experiences of Autistic Young People with Multiple Marginalized Identities in the United Kingdom

Examining the Support Experiences of Autistic Young People with Multiple Marginalized Identities in the United Kingdom

Participation, barriers, facilitators and bullying experiences of trans people in sport and fitness: findings from a national community survey of trans people in Australia

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess participation rates of transgender and gender diverse (trans) people in sport/fitness activities, compare mental health outcomes for trans people participating in sport/fitness with those who...

Exploring Sense of Coherence and Death Anxiety among patients with Chronic Illness in Greece

Abstract Introduction Chronic illness often brings about existential concerns, including fear of death, which can significantly impact individuals’ well-being. The concept of sense of coherence provides a framework for understanding how individuals perceive and cope with stressors, including those associated with chronic illness. Purpose This study investigated the correlation between Sense of Coherence, death anxiety, and chronic illness among Greek patients, aiming to understand how these factors interplay. Methods An electronic survey was distributed to chronic illness patients in Greece. Sense of Coherence was measured using the Sense of Coherence scale, while death anxiety was assessed using the Collett-Leste Fear of Death scale. Various chronic conditions were considered, and demographic data were collected. Results The final sample consisted of 118 participants (female 79.7%; death anxiety score=mean109.2, Sd = 19.2; sense of coherence score=mean55.12, Sd = 13.61). Women and the age group of 58-65 years presented higher death anxiety score followed by the group of 34-41 years. No differences were found between genders in terms of sense of coherence. The highest coherence was manifested in the age group of 50-57 years and the lowest in the age group of 42-49 years. A significant negative correlation was observed between sense of coherence and fear of death (rs(118)= -.299, p < .01). Further correlation tests were performed between axes of coherence, which indicated a stronger negative correlation in two of the three axes of the sense of coherence (Manageability and Meaningfulness) and among all the axes of fear of death, beyond the first, which concerns the loss of one’s own life. Conclusions The study suggests that individuals with a stronger sense of coherence experience lower death anxiety. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for tailored patient interventions and support strategies. Key messages • Gender and age-specific variations exist in how people approach and experience disease and mortality. • Understanding patients’ coping mechanisms and perceptions of illness is important in disease management.