People Look Research Articles

Revolutionizing Fraud Detection in Finance through Machine Learning

In this paper, the focus will be on the employment of machine learning technology in the identification and combating of financial transaction fraud. It can be seen that with the development of the financial industry’s digital environment, the tools necessary for financial transaction fraud are becoming multifaceted, threatening individuals, enterprises, and financial entities. The traditional approach of fraud detection is now proving unsuitable for dealing with new forms of fraud because of their very nature. As we know, machine learning has powerful data processing ability, complicated pattern recognition ability, self-learning and adaptation, and so on, so people look forward to adopting machine learning to fight financial transaction fraud. The case studies are given to explain how the various ML techniques can enhance the efficiency and accuracy of fraud detection in credit card fraud, account hijacking, and money laundering. However, there is the problem of the quality of the data used, protection of user data, ability to explain the results of the machine learning model, costs involved in implementing the system, and the compatibility of the system with the current systems. It is expected that with the growth of machine learning and the technologies associated with it, it will play an even greater role in the field of financial security and thus shape a more safe, efficient, and intelligent financial environment.

Improving Knowledge and Skills of Steel Frame Construction of Cawang Community, East Jakarta City

Nowadays, wood material is very difficult to obtain because it is expensive and limited in quantity. This makes people look for other alternatives as construction materials and Steel Frame is one of the alternatives that is quite popular because it is easy to apply and will not be damaged by termites. Human resources are one of the important factors in determining the productivity of steel frame work. Therefore, they are needed who have competence in their fields in installing the steel frame. The activity aims to: increase knowledge through socialization and increase community skills in the practice of assembling steel frame construction model. The expected benefit is that the partner community has the knowledge and skills to make simple steel frame construction.

What Does It Mean to Stand Out? How Visual Design and Presentation Affect Attention and Memory in a Warning Message

Abstract In emergency communication, it is essential to call attention to key information that can be interpreted quickly and remembered easily. Individuals possess a limited number of cognitive resources to allocate to message processing in an emergency. Because of this, they are more likely to allocate attention to messages they are motivated to care about or to message attributes that stand out. In this study, we focus on how warning messages are attended to when they are viewed in a busy media environment and ask the question: “What does it mean to stand out?” To address the research questions, we used a sequential explanatory design, mixed-methods approach. We employed eye tracking, a memory exercise, and think-aloud interviews to investigate visual attention, memory, and perceptions in response to warnings communicated via Twitter and Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEAs) for snow squall (SS) and dust storm (DS) hazards. Our findings revealed insights to assist message designers as they develop warning messages without burdening the message receiver with contents that require additional cognitive load. Colors help to draw attention to key elements and evoke a feeling of risk. Icons also draw attention and can serve as a signal that catches the eye, especially when actively viewed in a busy messaging environment. Additionally, techniques to make key text stand out through bold or the use of ALL CAPS may reduce effortful processing and eliminate the need for conscious fixations while resulting in easily remembered content. Significance Statement Visual risk communication messaging is often used to provide individuals with quick decision-making and protective action information in response to hazards. As messages increase in length and complexity, a burden is placed on risk communicators to capture the attention of message receivers. This study uses eye tracking, a memory exercise, and think-aloud interviews to investigate what factors influence visual attention, memory, and perceptions in response to warning messages over different channels. These methods allow us to not only answer questions about where people look, what they remember, and what draws their attention but also recommend tactics such as using ALL CAPS, colors, symbols, and icons, that can be used by message creators to maximize message effectiveness.

The Influence and Function of Industry-University-Research Cooperation (IURC) Mode on Financing of Private Colleges and Universities

At present, the financing channels of private colleges and universities have attracted wide attention. Most of the studies are about the analysis of external channels such as social donations and financial means, and few analyze the financing channels of private colleges and universities from the perspective of organic unity and sustainable development of internal activities and financing. Moreover, in the field of industry-university-research, most scholars pay more attention to personnel training and other aspects, and few people look at the impact of the development path of industry-university-research on the financing of private universities from an economic perspective. This paper analyzes the influence of the development path of production, university, and research on the funding of private universities and points out the existing problems and development countermeasures. This paper analyzes and concludes that the development mode of production, university, and research has an important impact on the financing of private colleges and universities, such as expanding financing channels, improving economic income, and promoting sustainable development. Based on this, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: strengthen government policy guidance, promote the transformation of scientific research achievements, and build cooperation between industry, university, and research parks.

THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND VALUE ORIENTATIONS

Background. The paper presents the results of correlation analysis of students’ perception of quality of life and value orientations. The increase of the quality of life level is an important social problem. Young people look forward to live their lives in a good quality. To solve such a problem, it is required to analyze the quality of life in a scientific way, to understand how modern youth interprets this phenomenon, and to seek factors influencing the evaluation of life as full of quality. Purpose: to analyze the students’ perception of quality of life, to identify important indicators of quality of life, the degree of their realization at the current stage of life, to study their correlation with value orientations. Materials and methods: the content-analysis of essays on the indicators of quality of life, the questionnaire for the indicators of quality of life realization, Schwartz Value Survey. As a statistical method for the data analysis, the Spearman correlation coefficient was used. Results. For young people, the quality of life is consisted of interpersonal relationships, financial stability, conditions for self-realization and personal growth, a positive self-conception, the ecology and health state, possibilities for entertainment. Career development and freedom to act and select are of less importance. Within the quality of life, young people evaluate interpersonal relationships as of high satisfaction, but financial stability and career development are at low rate. The quality of life on interpersonal relationships indicator is highly rated by young people with explicit value of universalism, it has low rate at students with values of hedonism and power. Conformity students highly evaluate their quality of life on the health, career and positive self-conception indicators. Young people with explicit benevolence value have low rates on the quality of life by financial stability. EDN: UUQNCU

A Dramaturgical Position to Reveal the Affect of Space on Discriminatory Judgments of Behaviour

AbstractBuilt environment disciplines investigate how spaces affect discriminatory judgments between community members through a body of knowledge called discriminatory design. Spatial-discriminatory events occur in various ways, however, they are more potently identified and studied in relation to the static attributes of people and space; how people look, or where they are in relation to space. This paper answers calls from scholars for an alternative position to investigate how spaces affect judgments of people’s behaviour. The paper builds and rationalises a theoretical hypothesis formed through Goffman’s dramaturgy which is tested and refined through a survey-experiment. The study offers an alternative theoretical position for researchers that aim to bring the behavioural dimension of spatial discrimination into focus.

Different features for different races: Tracking the eyes of Asian, Black, and White participants viewing Asian, Black, and White Faces.

The own-race bias (ORB) is an effect in which humans remember faces from their own race better than faces from another race. Where people look when processing faces of different races plays a role in this effect, but the exact relationship between looking and the ORB is debated. One perspective is that the same facial features are important for memory for faces of all races and the ORB emerges when people look longer at the useful features for own- than other-race faces. Another perspective is that different facial features are useful for faces of different races and the ORB emerges when people look longer at features that are useful for their own race than at features that are useful for other-race faces. The present study aimed to discriminate these perspectives by examining looking patterns in Asian, Black, and White participants while they learned and later recognized Asian, Black, and White faces. Regardless of their race, participants looked at different facial features depending on the race of the face. In addition, different features were useful for memory depending on the race of the face. As such, results are in line with the perspective that different facial features are useful for different race faces.

Efficiency of post-meal memory inhibition predicts subsequent food intake

Memory processes may contribute to appetite regulation. When people look at palatable foods, their desire to consume them depends upon memory retrieval (i.e., recalling if it will taste good). If memory inhibition occurs during satiety, then pleasant eating-related memories will not be retrieved, making eating less likely. In contrast, if memory inhibition is less efficient, pleasant food-related memories will be retrieved, the food will appear desirable, and the chance of consumption increases. Here we tested whether a putative measure of memory inhibition could predict post-meal snack food intake. Study participants looked at palatable snacks and judged their desire to eat them (i.e., a memory-dependent process), and then ate a small sample of each food, and rated them for liking (i.e., an orosensory-dependent process) – all using category rating scales. Following a filling meal, this test was repeated, alongside others. Finally, participants were given the opportunity for ad libitum snack food consumption, in addition to collecting measures such as impulsivity. Poorer memory inhibition (i.e., smaller changes in wanting relative to liking from pre-to post-meal) was associated with greater consumption of snacks on the ad libitum test (Sr2% = 4.4, p = 0.006) after controlling for other variables likely to influence eating (e.g., impulsivity). This effect was maintained even when the memory inhibition measure was based on foods different to those being consumed on the ad libitum snacking test. In conclusion, memory inhibition may contribute to food intake regulation, and when this is less efficient, more palatable food is likely to be eaten in the post-meal period.

Where do people look when they walk or run at different speeds?

Where do people look when they walk or run at different speeds?

A user study of visualisations of spatio-temporal eye tracking data

Eye movements have a spatial (where people look), but also a temporal (when people look) component. Various types of visualizations have been proposed that take this spatio-temporal nature of the data into account, but it is unclear how well each one can be interpreted and whether such interpretation depends on the question asked about the data or the nature of the dataset that is being visualised. In this study, four spatio-temporal visualization techniques for eye movements (chord diagram, scan path, scarf plot, space-time cube) were compared in a user study. Participants (N=25) answered three questions (what region first, what region most, which regions most between) about each visualization, which was based on two types of datasets (eye movements towards adverts, eye movements towards pairs of gambles). Accuracy of the answers depended on a combination of the dataset, the question that needed to answered, and the type of visualization. For most questions, the scan path, which did not use area of interest (AOI) information, resulted in lower accuracy than the other graphs. This suggests that AOIs improve the information conveyed by graphs. No effects of experience with reading graphs (for work or not for work) or education on accuracy of the answer was found. The results therefore suggest that there is no single best visualisation of the spatio-temporal aspects of eye movements. When visualising eye movement data, a user study may therefore be beneficial to determine the optimal visualization of the dataset and research question at hand.Graphical abstract

Trends in information behavior research, 2016–2022: An Annual Review of Information Science and Technology (ARIST) paper

AbstractResearch on how people look for and interact with information has a long history in the information field. The current literature has been repeatedly reviewed in earlier volumes of Annual Review of Information Science and Technology. In this review, we offer an overview of the research published in this area in the years 2016–2022 with a focus on the trends that have emerged in this period. We use the term “information behavior” as an umbrella for the research area interested in how people become informed and engage with information in diverse manners acknowledging that different researchers and subfields prefer other terms and frameworks, including information practices, information experience, and health information seeking, to name a few. We reviewed 1270 articles in the field published in the years 2016–2022 and identified seven emerging trends: The CoVID‐19 Pandemic, Diversity and Inclusion, Embodiment, Misinformation and Trust, Social Q&A Websites, Collaboration, and Information Creation. The reviewed literature and trends are discussed in relation to their significance for information, earlier review of information behavior research, and the long‐debated issue of theory‐driven versus atheoretical research in the field.

The effectiveness and health impact of fad diets on obese patients: a literature review

Introduction and purpose Obesity is a serious health problem nowadays and it is becoming more and more common. There are plenty of causes of obesity including bad eating habits, genetic factors, and psychological factors. A lot of obese people look for a way to lose weight. Fad diets are popular dietary strategies which are promoted as a quick way to lose weight. This article highlights some popular dietary strategies including low-carbohydrate diet, low-fat diet, Paleolithic Diet and Detox Diet. The aim of this paper is to analyse their effectiveness in the process of successful weight loss and their health impact. State of knowledge According to WHO in 2022 1 in 8 people in the world were obese. Fad diets are promoted as methods to improve health and as a quick way to lose weight. However, available research suggests a rather unfavorable impact on human health in the context of long-term adherence to these diets. Limited data suggests the beneficial long-term health impact of such diets. Moreover, dieting and weight cycling caused by the repetitive process of weight loss after dieting and weight regain afterwards may also play a role in the development of obesity. Conclusion Fad diets are not recommended as a long-term way of nutrition. The main limitation of these dietary strategies is their short-term effectiveness rather than long-term. Adherence to these diets is hard for patients. Because of their strict rules and food exclusions, the risk of weight regain is high. Moreover, they do not show many positive long-term health consequences and they are not superior to conventional healthy diets. What’s more, strict obedience to fad diets for extended periods of time may be detrimental to the dieter's health.

From the Perspective of People with Dementia: Using Creative Qualitative Measures to Assess the Values and Opinions on Freedom and Safety among People Living with Dementia.

With the growing numbers of people living in old age, a system that sustains autonomy, dignity and freedom of movement for people living with dementia (PwD) needs to be installed. However, due to the cognitive constraints in the cohort of PwD, traditional qualitative methods of inquiry, such as interviews, are often not a good match. This study aimed to use creative qualitative assessment tools to assess the values and opinions of PwD in nursing homes on freedom and safety. Twenty-two nursing home residents with memory problems participated in this study. Important themes related to freedom and safety were identified using a diverse set of methodologies. Overall, residents had a similar view on 'safety', relating this to having a homely environment where people look out for you, with a good balance between busy and quiet areas and being able to retain cognitive and physical function. Values around freedom were more diverse. Residents who were still capable of logical speech generally voiced a wish for independence, making one's own decisions and wanting to go outside. For residents who no longer spoke, freedom seemed to be experienced more through the connection to other people. These results show that PwD still have distinct personal values concerning freedom and safety, which should be given due consideration in decision-making regarding nursing home policy, thereby potentially improving the quality of life of PwD.

When knowing the activity is not enough to predict gaze.

It is reasonable to assume that where people look in the world is largely determined by what they are doing. The reasoning is that the activity determines where it is useful to look at each moment in time. Assuming that it is vital to accurately judge the positions of the steps when navigating a staircase, it is surprising that people differ a lot in the extent to which they look at the steps. Apparently, some people consider the accuracy of peripheral vision, predictability of the step size, and feeling the edges of the steps with their feet to be good enough. If so, occluding part of the view of the staircase and making it more important to place one's feet gently might make it more beneficial to look directly at the steps before stepping onto them, so that people will more consistently look at many steps. We tested this idea by asking people to walk on staircases, either with or without a tray with two cups of water on it. When carrying the tray, people walked more slowly, but they shifted their gaze across steps in much the same way as they did when walking without the tray. They did not look at more steps. There was a clear positive correlation between the fraction of steps that people looked at when walking with and without the tray. Thus, the variability in the extent to which people look at the steps persists when one makes walking on the staircase more challenging.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence Techniques with Computational Mathematics for Solving Complex Problems

Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods along with computational mathematics is changing the way that hard problems are solved in many areas. This combination of fields uses the best parts of AI, like machine learning, neural networks, and natural language processing, to make computational mathematics, which is mostly about numbers, algorithms, and statistics, more powerful. Researchers can solve difficult problems more quickly, accurately, and on a larger scale by building AI methods into computer systems. Machine learning systems, for example, can find the best answers to differential equations by guessing what will happen and finding trends in very big datasets that would be hard to process any other way. In addition, neural networks help by modeling nonlinear systems and estimating difficult functions. This makes their answers more reliable when standard methods fail. Also, AI-driven optimization methods like genetic algorithms and simulated annealing are very useful for solving high-dimensional optimization problems that come up in economics, engineering, and physics. Putting these technologies together makes it easier to create adaptable, smart systems that can learn and change in real time. This improves the way decisions are made and predictive analytics are used. AI and computer mathematics also work well together to make models more accurate in areas that need them, like biological engineering, climate modeling, and financial forecasting. This combined method not only speeds up the computing process, but it also creates new study and growth opportunities by letting people look into problems that were previously impossible to solve. AI is getting better all the time, and combining it with computational mathematics could completely change how problems are solved, leading to huge finds and progress in many fields of science and industry.

‘Mitigation is global, adaptation is local’: An assessment of the framing of climate change in Nigerian and South African newspapers

The economic impact of climate change, especially in Africa, is tremendous. As Africans battle with severe weather conditions like floods and droughts, their limited infrastructure is overstretched and, in most cases, cannot withstand the impact. The rains are flooding cities in Nigeria as drought ravages cities in South Africa. When events like these occur, people look to the media for information, and studies have shown that the media can influence public perception of climate change through the way they frame the issue. Using the issue-specific frames of mitigation and adaptation, this study analysed Nigerian and South African newspapers’ coverage of climate change. The study spanned 9 months (January-September 2018), and the online editions of The Punch, Leadership, Mail & Guardian and News Everyday were content-analysed quantitatively using tables and frequencies, and qualitatively, using verbatim quotes. A total of 90 stories were obtained from the four newspapers, with the straight news format as the most used story genre. The major sources of news stories on climate change were the reporters, followed by experts/private individuals. The adaptation frame was the most used, showing that the African media understands the need to mobilise citizens locally for a collective fight against climate change.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Lip Balm

Abstract: All lip balms, including those referred to as salves or butters are meant to keep lips safe. They have a moisturizing component that stops water loss, such lanolin, shea butter, or petroleum jelly. Lip balm has wax added to help it adhere to lips. Lip balms are products that are put to the lips to shield them from the elements and stop them from drying out. There are a lot of chemical-based lip balms on the market right now from brands like Nivea, Himalaya, Blistex, The Body Shop, and so on. Since lipstick is a cosmetic form akin to lip balm, references to lipstick in the cosmetic literature apply despite the paucity of data on this type of formulation reported in the literature. It is important to distinguish lip balm from lip gloss, as the former is a product meant for use by both sexes. It's important to balance the concentration of the primary ingredients, such as butters, oils, waxes, and other excipients, while making lip balms. To guarantee they have healthy, radiant skin, many people look for anti-aging creams, weekly facials, daily skin washes, and a host of other goods

CORN CULTURE: FROM THE FIRST RECORDS TO HARVESTING AND STORAGE

The culture of corn (Zea mays L.) has great economic importance, as corn is used in different ways and cultures, ranging from animal feed to high-technology industry. For example, the use of corn grain the animals feed represents the majority of consumption of this cereal. The objective of this literature review is to report on the emergence of corn, its morphology, harvesting and storage of this crop. This study took place in 2023 and used different studies as a basis to develop this review. In this review, we summarize that corn cultivation in both states and countries has been growing and so has its production demand. However, corn-based products make people look for more knowledge about this crop, as information is still very scarce, and it makes farmers look for more information every day, as this crop is growing in demand both production and commercialization in different states and municipalities.

THE EFFECT OF DRAGON FRUIT ON INCREASING HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS IN ADOLESCENT WOMEN: LITERATURE REVIEW

Background : Adolescent girls have a high risk of experiencing anemia, this is caused by loss of iron during menstruation. Adolescent girls have a higher risk of developing anemia than adolescent boys because adolescent girls experience menstruation every month and there is a desire to eat less so that the body lacks important nutrients such as iron. Pharmacological therapy for anemia by administering Fe supplements. However, administering drugs and supplements causes side effects so that people look for alternative treatments other than pharmacological therapy. One alternative to overcome anemia is by consuming dragon fruit. Objective : To analyze in a literature review the effect of dragon fruit on increasing hemoglobin levels in adolescent girls. Method : This research uses a systematic literature review method. Journal search via PUBMED, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar and Science Direct databases. The journal used was 10 articles. Results : Based on a review of 10 articles, it can be concluded that dragon fruit has been proven to have an effect on increasing hemoglobin levels in young women.

Character Education: Examining The Mental Revolution In The Context Of Islamic Education

Mental Revolution is interpreted as a change in mindset in national life. Mental revolution does not simply rely on good intentions, but must take into account structural changes in societal interactions. In the realm of Islamic education, mental revolution must consider the structure of meaning, domination and legitimacy. These three things condition the mindset of Islamic education practitioners, the Islamic Education System, and the structure of Islamic education institutions themselves. The orientation of change as a result of implementing the mental revolution must be shown in the form of improving educational services for the welfare of society. Islamic educational institutions are expected to be able to explain injustice, arbitrariness and make people look, feel, think and act more rationally and wisely.