ABSTRACT The term ‘inclusion’ has undoubtedly grown in its use and operationalization by physical scholars and in physical education (PE) spaces (Wilson, W. J., Haegele, J. A., & Kelly, L. E. (2020a). Revisiting the narrative about least restrictive environment in physical education. Quest (Grand Rapids, Mich), 72(1), 19–32). However, although ubiquitous, a common thread of interpretation seems absent among PE professionals and scholars. The purpose of this study was to analyze how the word ‘inclusion’ has historically been defined and contextualized by scholars in four major PE journals, regardless of application among various settings and contexts (e.g. educational placements [integrated, self-contained, etc.], teacher education and conceptual papers). We utilized a document analysis methodology (Lee, J., & Porretta, D. L. (2013). Document analysis of sports literature for individuals with disabilities. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 116(3), 847–858), identifying nine categories for analysis and four overarching themes. A total of 68 articles were eligible for analysis, with a total of 19 defining the word ‘inclusion’ through subcategories of placement, philosophy, policy, feeling/experience and action. Of the 68 articles, 59 were empirical, while 5 were conceptual and 4 were review papers. Of the 59 empirical articles that qualified for analysis, a total of 19 articles studied direct experiences of disabled people. Other frequent populations of study include in-service PE teachers, nondisabled students and preservice PE teachers. The findings provide empirical evidence that appear to confirm concerns surrounding the ambiguity of the word ‘inclusion’ in PE scholarship, specifically from four major journals. In addition, it is noteworthy that many of the analyzed papers focus on the voice of nondisabled stakeholders to qualify what inclusion is, when it is defined. We suggest a (re)commitment of scholars submitting work to these journals to both operationalize the term and consider whose perspective is being elevated in inclusion discourse.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the experiences of transgender and non-binary (TNB) people in peer researcher roles in order to contribute to an understanding of the extent to which peer research is effective in mitigating or reducing the potential harms of research for TNB people. Methods Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 13 TNB peer researchers who had been employed in the 10 years prior in a paid research position that required TNB lived experience. Data were analyzed using approaches drawn from thematic analysis. Results Four major themes were generated that captured the experiences of TNB people in their work as peer researchers: (a) imposition of cis-centric language and frameworks, (b) devaluing of community-based TNB knowledge, (c) experiencing discrimination and oppression on the job, and (d) the importance of anti-oppression and conflict resolution. Conclusion Careful interrogation of peer research practices is needed to mitigate potential harms and create meaningful engagement of TNB people. TNB people should be in positions of leadership from inception to completion of the research to ensure that research projects and teams are not built upon ciscentric and cisnormative frameworks that by definition devalue TNB lives and experiences.

BackgroundPhotoVoice is a participatory approach that uses photography to offer a useful platform for sharing the stories of people with mental health conditions whose voices are often marginalized. This study aimed to explore the experiences of people with lived experiences and caregivers in constructing brief recovery narratives presented at training sessions that highlight their experiences before, during, and after mental health treatment.MethodA participatory photovoice study was carried out with 16 participants from the Sodo district, Ethiopia. The participants were people with lived experiences (n = 8) and caregivers (n = 8) selected via purposive sampling. Field notes, photographs and testimonies arising from the PhotoVoice sessions were analysed together with in-depth interviews with participants. The data were analysed via narratives used during photovoice sessions and thematic analysis.ResultsThe PhotoVoice training experience was mostly positively received and brought to light a variety of perceived benefits through providing an inclusive understanding of mental health and related misconceptions and by addressing stigma and discrimination-related myths in the community. Furthermore, the participants reported the benefit of being engaged in productive activities that improved their communication and relationships with other people. The photographs revealed the stigmatized experiences of participants seeking alternative treatment solutions and challenges in accessing and gaining awareness of mental health. Stress and fear of public speaking and negative feedback from their family and community were the main barriers to participation in the photoVoice sessions.ConclusionsThis study shows that PhotoVoice training has important value in eliciting insights from participants’ lived experiences. The findings indicate that this approach is important for the empowerment of people with lived experiences and their family members and for coping with the stigma and discrimination they encounter. Stakeholders working in mental health can use and adapt this participatory technique to empower service users and family members and reduce the impacts of stigma associated with mental illnesses.

This paper reflects on the employment experiences of four neurodiverse people with cognitive disability in Australia using autoethnography, employing the collective voice of we. We, as persons with a cognitive disability, were involved in a two-year participatory action research project to co-develop a disability employment action plan with employers, academic researchers, and disability employment experts. We share and reflect on our individual employment experiences with our research team members. We discuss four common patterns in our experiences: the importance of family and community support, good communication, active support from Disability Employment Service (DES) providers for employees with cognitive disability and their employers, and support to find a long-term job with a fair wage. By sharing our experiences, we aim to improve employment opportunities for others with cognitive disability to enable them to achieve their full potential with appropriate support.

This study investigated the speech therapy experiences of people who stutter (PWS) in childhood and adulthood, including the helpfulness and generalizability of specific intervention approaches. PWS (N = 194) completed a mixed-methods survey. Respondents provided quantitative ratings of their overall opinion of speech therapy and of specific speech therapy approaches received during childhood and adulthood. Respondents also provided open-ended responses to questions asking what they found most and least helpful about speech therapy received during each life stage and why. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance; qualitative data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. PWS reported mixed opinions of speech therapy, with speech therapy received during childhood viewed particularly unfavorably and rated significantly more negatively than that received during adulthood. Quantitative and qualitative analyses converged, with PWS generally preferring speech therapy approaches that emphasized the affective, behavioral, cognitive, and social correlates of stuttering over those that emphasized speech fluency. These results have important implications for improving the clinical practice of speech-language pathologists in their provision of speech therapy services to PWS across the lifespan. Through considering the lived experiences and voices of PWS in the development and execution of speech therapy programs, speech-language pathologists can enhance their evidence-based treatment practices for this population by delivering intervention that PWS value.

ABSTRACTTransgender and nonbinary (TNB) people experience gender minority stressors that adversely affect their mental health and wellbeing, all of which are shaped by sociopolitical contexts. We explored TNB participants' (N = 150) perceptions of how affirming their state was and associations with minority stress and mental health variables. Qualitative themes included: (1) Degrees of stigma depend on who you are; (2) Stigma persists even with small positive advancements; (3) Cis people take an ‘out of sight, out of mind’ approach to TNB people; and (4) It's in the air we breathe: Cissexism is an individual, cultural, and structural issue. Across states, 41.8% of participants described views towards TNB people as negative, 41.8% as mixed, 5% as positive, 3.2% as neutral, 2.5% were unsure, and 0.6% were coded as unclear. Depression, past year enacted stigma, and negative expectations were significantly higher in negative contexts than in mixed contexts. These findings suggest that stigma and marginalisation persist across contexts, including relatively supportive places, and emphasise the importance of understanding within‐state variability in terms of contextual drivers of mental health. Furthermore, anti‐trans political climates have significant implications for TNB people's mental health and wellbeing, as well as exposure to minority stressors.

ABSTRACT Building on Andersen’s theory of relational selves, people sometimes engage in self-change when driven by various motivations that arise from their relational selves. For example, people can spontaneously alter themselves via romantic jealousy. People experience romantic jealousy when a rival threatens their relationship and associated relational self. Past research demonstrates that people motivated by jealousy adopt characteristics of a perceived romantic rival. The current research expanded upon this idea. We proposed that relationally-driven jealousy should not predict indiscriminate self-change; self-change would be moderated by people’s ideal self. We predicted people would adopt characteristics to be more similar to a romantic rival when experiencing romantic jealousy, but only if this self-change aligned with their ideal self. We found support for these predictions in a pre-registered experiment (N = 196), demonstrating that the self can be profoundly altered by others. However, alignment with the ideal self is an important moderator of this process.

Narrative research on the lived experiences of People of Colour working in Outdoor Education in Australia

In this paper, we take the "Central Axis Sequence - Festive Seasons Study Tour to Beijing and China" project as an example to explore the innovative practice and effectiveness of the Festive Seasons Culture Study Tour. Combined with the national traditional culture education policy, the project integrates the twenty-four solar terms culture with the culture of Beijing's central axis through customised study routes, professional lectures, and interactive experiences, providing a unique cultural experience for young people. The study, drawing on cultural identity theory and experiential learning theory, constructed an analysis framework and found that the project significantly enhanced the youth's knowledge of festival culture, promoted cultural inheritance and innovation, and strengthened their cultural self-confidence. The project's innovative initiatives include customized route design, professional explanations and interactive experiences, a cultural gallery and aesthetic classroom, and the integration of cultural and creative products and technology. Analysis of the results shows that the project has continued to expand its social influence, covering primary and secondary schools and communities in many places, and serving more than 10,000 young people. This paper constructs a three-in-one educational model of "cultural identity - experiential learning - spatial production", which provides theoretical guidance and a practical paradigm for the festival culture study programme.

Traditional methods of research translation within the scientific and health professions community are typically quite narrow, often focusing on written textual outputs and conference presentations. Considering translation approaches for our research findings and 'who' and 'what' we are trying to influence is worthy of alternative approaches perhaps. We share an example of bringing research findings to life via a verbatim theater. Verbatim theater uses the exact words provided in interviews and is directly informed and constructed from people's lived experience and narratives. This article draws from the first author's doctoral study exploring professionalism and sociocultural factors in dietetic education. This included a large qualitative data set following interviews with n = 100 participants. We have shared our reflexivity in decision making around approaching translating research in this creative and more embodied way, highlighting key strengths, experiences and limitations of developing a verbatim theater and included an excerpt of the theater and the script. We have provided practical recommendations for qualitative researchers who are interested in considering more innovative arts-based approaches to research translation. We encourage researchers to be more creative in considering more embodied ways of research translation.

Purpose To describe the experiences of people admitted to inpatient rehabilitation related to the trauma-informed principles of safety, trustworthiness, choice, collaboration and empowerment, and to define the barriers and enablers to trauma-informed care from the perspective of clinicians. Methods This qualitative study included semi-structured interviews with 14 people admitted to a sub-acute rehabilitation unit. Interviews were transcribed, coded and reflexive thematic analysis used to generate themes. Three focus groups with multidisciplinary health professionals (n = 14) were conducted, with barriers and enablers to trauma-informed care identified. Results Themes generated on trauma-informed principles included: human connection touches the heart; clear communication of expectations, and hope, facilitates safety and trust; pushing back to be heard; using the link between the mind and body to advantage; loss of independence and control; and wanting room to breathe. Nursing and allied health clinicians identified enablers to providing trauma-informed care: holistic, empathic and team approaches, and supporting clinician psychological safety. Barriers identified included: limited time and resources, increasing complexity, prioritisation of physical safety, organisational processes, and limitations of the environment. Conclusion Building relationships with empathy, clear communication, and holistic approaches, facilitate interpersonal safety, trust and empowerment. System constraints, processes and resources are barriers to implementing trauma-informed care.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to discuss the promise and challenges of using empathy to develop care for people of the past and the present, with particular attention to differentiating kinds of empathic responses. Design/methodology/approach Reflecting on an instructional model used in the social studies methods course, this lesson plan models ways to practice empathy through the experiences of peers and people in history. Findings After analyzing possible outcomes for empathic discussions about experiences of people in the past and present, this lesson centers on a dialogical question: “How do we talk about our identity-based experiences, and how can that help us to empathize with the experiences of others in the past and present?” Originality/value This paper includes reflections on personal instructional strategies to teaching about experiences with discrimination.

Abstract This paper combines vulnerability and resilience theory to explore the pressure young people experience in Physical Education (PE) and sport at secondary school. The theoretical framework was used to understand both how young people experience PE in school and how vulnerability and resilience function interdependently in social contexts like schools. The research foregrounded the perspectives of the 154 pupils aged 14–16 in two secondary schools in North‐East England, using an initial focus group, a survey and individual interviews in each school. Thematic data analysis revealed causes and effects of pressure in PE, along with its sources and the factors that intensify and ameliorate it. Findings suggest that pupils who designate themselves ‘high’ ability feel pressure in PE, as well as those who regard themselves as ‘low’ ability, but it is more prevalent in, and detrimental to, the latter group. Ability level also emerged as one of the factors that intensified pressure alongside (lack of) enjoyment. Peers, individuals themselves and teachers were identified as the key sources of pressure. The paper concludes by suggesting that PE in school needs reform to alleviate this pressure, which creates a complex and often unrecognised dynamic of vulnerability and resilience in pupils. This dynamic often has negative effects on pupils regardless of ability when responsibility is assigned too much to them as individuals. We propose increasing pupils' voice and choice in school to break their association with individualised pressure, vulnerability and resilience in PE and improve young people's physical and mental health.

In this article, we analyse the concept of mental capacity through considerations of epistemic injustice. We suggest that an assessment of a person’s capacity will always involve consideration of their epistemic credibility. Understanding capacity assessments in this manner allows us to illustrate the epistemic exclusions and injustices that can arise. First, attitudes and stereotypes about mental disability and illness, as well as characteristics such as gender and race, can make a significant difference in terms of who is believed and considered credible. We raise concerns for the potential of these biases to influence capacity assessments inadvertently. Secondly, a person deemed to lack capacity has their epistemic agency significantly curtailed; their contributions to the decision-making process are not those of a full epistemic agent, but those of a derivatized subject, giving rise to epistemic exclusion. We further argue that capacity determinations rely on specific hermeneutical resources, namely those based in medical-scientific or legal knowledge, which may be inapt for interpreting the experiences of disabled people and those with mental illness. Finally, we highlight important insights that this approach provides for considering options for reform in practice and in law.

Interventions delivered via smartphone apps may support individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) to learn about and implement evidence-based self-management strategies in the context of their daily lives. However, app usage rates are often suboptimal. The subjective experience of users may provide insights into factors influencing engagement (and disengagement) with an mHealth intervention. The present study describes a qualitative investigation of the experiences of people with BD who participated in the evaluation of a novel app-based intervention for BD self-management, the PolarUs app. Twenty-five individuals with BD were provided with access to an app-based self-management intervention over a three-month study period, and were later interviewed about personal experiences of engagement with the intervention, including attempts to enact self-management strategies. Thematic analysis was used to identify important aspects of the experience of engaging with a self-management app. Three themes describing drivers of engagement with the PolarUs app and associated features were generated: 1) Motivations, 2) Salience, and 3) Perceived effort. Drivers of engagement were shaped by contextual influences, summarised in four themes: 1) The smartphone ecosystem, 2) Daily life, 3) Mood symptoms, and 4) Involvement in a research study. The findings of this research generate insights into how individuals with BD engage with app-based interventions. Lived experience perspectives can inform the design of engaging app-based interventions for BD. Further, these findings emphasise the importance of considering the context in which people use self-management apps for BD for both research studies and implementation.

This article addresses a gap in current evidence by examining the experiences of older people and families when care homes close. We adopt the dual lenses of the precarity of ageing and adaptation to transition to facilitate understanding of the structural and experiential dimensions of care home closure. We argue that the experiences of older people and their families of care home closure are a largely hidden example of the increasing precarity of later life arising from the volatility of care markets and the ontological precariousness experienced by people of advanced age who are reliant on these same markets for care.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ+) people experience marginalization, negatively impacting their social, physical, and other mental health outcomes. Studies on LGBTQ+ people utilize scales developed largely for cisgender and heterosexual (cis-hetero) people. This study explored the factor structure, construct validity, reliability, and measurement invariance of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) using a sample of 1,436 adults in the United States. Roughly one-fifth of the sample identified as gender-diverse (19.08%; n = 274), as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer or a sexual orientation other than straight (20.61%; n = 296), and from a race or ethnicity other than White (20.06%; n = 288). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) supported a three-factor measurement model of the MSPSS with gender-diverse people and people who have a marginalized sexual orientation. Invariance tests revealed thresholds were similar across the cis-hetero, marginalized sexual orientations, and gender-diverse groups, supporting measurement invariance. Further, the MSPSS had good internal reliability and convergent construct validity, suggesting sufficient psychometric evidence for use of the MSPSS with people marginalized based on gender and sexual orientation.

Research on aggression towards family/caregivers in childhood and adolescence (AFCCA) is still emerging, particularly within the Canadian context. To better understand this behaviour, we examined potential changes in the severity and frequency of different AFCCA types as well as in caregiver-child relationships and disruptions to families' lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this convergent/parallel mixed-method research study, 168 Canadian caregivers living with a young person who exhibited AFCCA completed an online survey that contained self-report questionnaires and open-ended questions. The sample consisted primarily of adoptive mothers. Descriptive and hybrid thematic analyses indicated that around half the sample reported an increase in the severity (verbal 43.9%, threats 39.8%, emotional/psychological 49.2%, physical 44.3%) and frequency (verbal 51.2%, threats 47.8%, emotional/psychological 54.6%, physical 48.3%) of most AFCCA types. The quality of the caregiver-child relationship also worsened significantly after the pandemic (t[115] = 3.5, p = .001). Qualitative analyses supported this finding. While there was no statistically significant difference in AFCCA-related disruptions to families' lives during the pandemic, thematic analyses revealed increased caregiver disruptions to both personal aspects (e.g. self-care practices, alcohol/substance use) and professional obligations (e.g. missed work). This study underscores the need for sustained and accessible (online and in-person) supports that are grounded in intersectionality, responsive to families' unique needs and sensitive to young people's experiences with past adversity.

Economic processes have become the vehicle of democracies and they follow their own logic; one that can seem detached from the experience of ordinary people. They often operate through speculation, a lack of ethics or the establishment of policies tailored to the vested interests that shape them. These practices are interrelated and tend to exclude the majority of the public from the system itself. Outsourcing is a clear example of such a practice that has been replicated and multiplied across the globe with unequal effects. There is a clear need to understand these asymmetric globalization processes that drive the existing economic dependencies. This study used a Delphi analysis of experts of recognized prestige, which de facto allows an economic organization to be analyzed in its production and distribution phase, and to understand the agility of current trends toward the maximization of profit, circumstances that are not always compatible with the principle of good living or the establishment of a fairer, or more ethical and supportive life.

Background This study explores the lived experiences of individuals recovering from COVID-19, aiming to deepen understanding and inform supportive measures in future health crises. Methods Fifteen participants were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and non-aggregated behavioral observations. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) guided the analytic process, allowing for in-depth exploration of participants’ meaning-making. Reporting adhered to the COREQ qualitative research guidelines. Results Five superordinate themes emerged: stress, economic and social disruption, social stigma, social support, and the reappraisal of adversity (“finding meaning in misfortune”). Participants’ narratives revealed complex adaptive processes shaped by contextual challenges and relational resources. Conclusion The findings highlight the need for multidisciplinary care approaches that attend to psychosocial and economic dimensions of illness. Insights from this study may inform post-COVID-19 recovery policies, including targeted psychosocial training for health and community workers, and the development of integrated response frameworks for future public health emergencies.