Women's Patterns Research Articles

Unsupervised clustering analysis of comprehensive health status and its influencing factors on women of childbearing age: a cross-sectional study from a province in central China

BackgroundMost previous studies on women of childbearing age have focused on reproductive health and fertility intentions, and evidence regarding the comprehensive health status of women of childbearing age is limited. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the health status of women of childbearing age through a multi-method and multi-indicator evaluation, analyze the factors that influence their overall health, and provide sound recommendations for the improvement and promotion of healthy behaviors.MethodsData on women of childbearing age living in Shanxi Province were collected between September 2021 and January 2022 through online and offline surveys. The k-means algorithm was used to assess health-related patterns in women, and multivariate nonconditional logistic regression was used to assess the influencing factors of women’s overall health.ResultsIn total, 1,258 of 2,925 (43%) participants were classified as having a good health status in all five domains of the three health dimensions: quality of life, mental health, and illness. Multivariate logistic regression showed that education level, gynecological examination status, health status of family members, access to medical treatment, age, cooking preferences, diet, social support, hand washing habits, attitude toward breast cancer prevention, and awareness of reproductive health were significantly associated with different health patterns.ConclusionsThe comprehensive health status of women of childbearing age in Shanxi Province is generally good; however, a large proportion of women with deficiencies in some dimensions remains. Since lifestyle greatly impacts women’s health, health education on lifestyle and health-related issues should be strengthened.

Vaginal Bacteriological Pattern in Women with and without Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes: A Comparative Study

Vaginal Bacteriological Pattern in Women with and without Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes: A Comparative Study

Objectification and body esteem: age group patterns in women’s psychological functioning

Objectives Sexual objectification is related to negative outcomes for young adult women, but whether sexual objectification operates similarly for women in mid-life or older adulthood is less clear. Our aim was to assess self-objectification and sexually objectifying experiences for women in two different age groups, 18–27 and 48–90 and, further, test the relationship between objectification and psychological functioning. Based on objectification theory, we hypothesized that young adults would report higher self-objectification and sexually objectifying experiences compared to women in the older group. We further expected that these age differences would be related to body esteem and psychological functioning. Methods We surveyed 218 women regarding their sexually objectifying experiences and self-objectification, as well as body esteem, global self-esteem, and mood/anxiety, all outcomes theoretically expected to be related to sexual objectification and self-objectification. Results Sexually objectifying experiences and self-objectification were correlated with lower body esteem, lower global self-esteem, and higher mood/anxiety symptoms. Further, older women reported lower objectification and better psychological functioning. Tests of serial mediation showed that the relationship between age and two outcomes (self-esteem and mood/anxiety symptoms) was mediated by self-objectification and body esteem, while the model using experiences of sexually objectifying experiences was not supported. Conclusion Older women differed from younger women in the impact of self-objectification. We discuss these outcomes referencing age patterns and objectification theory.

Occupational exposure to pesticides dysregulates systemic Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and correlates with poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients

Pesticides are compounds known to cause immunetoxicity in exposed individuals, which have a potential to substantially modify the prognosis of pathologies dependent on an efficient immune response, such as breast cancer. In this context, we examined the circulating cytokine profile of Th1/Th2/Th17 patterns in women occupationally exposed to pesticides and their correlation with worse prognostic outcomes. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 187 rural working women with breast cancer, occupationally exposed or not to pesticides, to quantify the levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-12, IL-4, IL-17-A, and TNF -α. Data on the disease profile and clinical outcomes were collected through medical follow-up. IL-12 was reduced in exposed women with tumors larger than 2 cm and in those with lymph node metastases. Significantly reduced levels of IL-17A were observed in exposed patients with Luminal B subtype tumors, with high ki67 proliferation rates, high histological grade, and positive for the progesterone receptor. Reduced IL-4 was also seen in exposed women with lymph node invasion. Our data show that occupational exposure to pesticides induces significant changes in the levels of cytokines necessary for tumor control and correlates with poor prognosis clinical outcomes in breast cancer.

Life course patterns after parental leave: a 10-year Swedish cohort study with sequence analysis

Abstract Background Knowledge on long-term life course patterns after parental leave is limited. We examined future work-, family-, and sickness absence (SA) and disability pension (DP) life courses after parental leave in Sweden and the baseline factors associated with them. Methods A prospective cohort study using nationwide register microdata, including all women (n = 43,959) and men (n = 43,514) with their first parental leave benefit in 2010. We used sequence analysis to examine their work-, family-, and SA/DP-related life-course patterns for the 10-year follow-up. Multinomial regression analysis was used to analyse the associations of baseline sociodemographics and morbidity with specific cluster membership. Results Four life-course sequences were identified for both women and men. ‘Employment/studies’ (47% of women, 88% of men); ‘Employment/studies & parental leave’ (37% of women); ‘Rapid return to employment/studies’ (6% of men); ‘Slow return to employment/studies’ (9% of women); ‘Low level of employment/studies’ (6% of women, 5% of men); and ‘Increasing sickness absence & disability pension (SA/DP)’ (1% of men). In women, low education (OR range 4.31-58.02), immigrant background (OR range 1.37-3.95), and morbidity (OR range 1.08-1.91) were associated with being in the ‘Employment/studies & parental leave', ‘Slow return to employment/studies', or ‘Low level of employment/studies’ life courses compared with the ‘Employment/studies’ life course. In men, the associations with low education (OR range 4.30-12.98), immigrant background (OR range 2.64-5.71) and morbidity (OR range 1.54-8.01) were found for ‘Rapid return to employment/studies', ‘Low level of employment/studies’ and ‘Increasing SA/DP'. Conclusions After the first parental leave, women have more often than men life course patterns of slow return to work or alternating periods of employment and parental leave. Education, birth country, and morbidity are associated with future life course patterns in women and men. Key messages • After the first parental leave, women have more variable working life courses than men, with more women with patterns of slow return to work or alternating periods of employment and parental leave. • Prior low education, immigrant background, and morbidity are associated with more variable life course patterns among both women and men.

Effect of maternal hyperoxygenation on neonatal outcomes among women in labour with pathological cardiotocography: an open-label randomized controlled trial

Hyperoxygenation has shown promise in improving suspicious fetal heart patterns in women in labor. However, the effect of hyperoxygenation on neonatal outcomes in women in labor with pathologic fetal heart rate tracing has not been studied. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fractional inspiration of oxygen of 80% compared with fractional inspiration of oxygen of 40% on neonatal outcomes in women with pathologic fetal heart rate tracing. This randomized, open-label, parallel arm, outcome assessor-blinded clinical trial was conducted in a large tertiary care university hospital. Singleton parturients aged ≥18 years at term gestation in active labor (cervical dilatation of ≥6 cm) with pathologic fetal heart rate tracing were recruited in the study. Pathologic fetal heart rate tracing was defined according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2015 guidelines. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics classifies fetal heart rate tracings into 3 categories (normal, suspicious, and pathologic) based on rate, variability, and deceleration. Women in the intervention arm received oxygen at 10 L/min via a nonrebreathing mask, and those in the usual care arm received oxygen at 6 L/min with a simple face mask. Oxygen supplementation was continued until cord clamping. The primary outcome measure was a 5-minute Apgar score. The secondary outcome measures were the proportion of neonatal intensive care unit admission, umbilical cord blood gas variables, level of methyl malondialdehyde in the cord blood, and mode of delivery. Overall, 148 women (74 women in the high fractional inspiration of oxygen arm and 74 in the low fractional inspiration of oxygen arm) with pathologic fetal heart rate tracing were analyzed. The demographic data, obstetrical profiles, and comorbidities were comparable. The median 5-minute Apgar scores were 9 (interquartile range, 8-10) in the hyperoxygenation arm and 9 (interquartile range, 8-10) in the usual care arm (P=.12). Furthermore, the rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission (9.5% vs 12.2%; P=.6) and the requirement of positive pressure ventilation (6.8% vs 8.1%; P=.75) were comparable. Concerning cord blood gas parameters, the hyperoxygenation arm had a significantly higher base deficit in the umbilical vein and lactate level in the umbilical artery. The cesarean delivery rate was significantly lower in women who received hyperoxygenation (4.1% [3/74]) than in women who received normal oxygen supplementation (25.7% [19/74]) (P=.00). In addition, umbilical vein malondialdehyde level in the umbilical vein was lower in the hyperoxygenation group (8.28±4.65 μmol/L) than in the normal oxygen supplementation group (13.44±8.34 μmol/L) (P=.00). Hyperoxygenation did not improve the neonatal Apgar score in women with pathologic fetal heart rate tracing. In addition, neonatal intensive care unit admission rate and blood gas parameters remained comparable. Therefore, the results of this trial suggest that a high fractional inspiration of oxygen supplementation confers no benefit on neonatal outcomes in women with pathologic fetal heart rate tracings and normal oxygen saturation.

Association of stress on eating competence in mothers during pregnancy and six months postpartum

BackgroundPerceived stress is related to poor diet quality and unhealthy dietary patterns in women of reproductive age. Eating competence represents a variety of contextual skills reflecting a comfortable and flexible approach to eating and is associated with diet quality and health related behavior. In non-pregnant samples, perceived stress is negatively associated with eating competence. Given that pregnancy and the postpartum period can be periods of high stress, we hypothesized that higher stress in pregnancy would result in lower pregnancy eating competence.MethodsWomen (n = 296, mean BMIbaseline pregnancy = 26.3 ± SD 6.0) in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study (PEAS) were recruited from the Chapel Hill, North Carolina area. Perceived stress was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale and eating competence using the ecSatter Inventory at their first trimester and 6-month postpartum visits. We used a mixed effect model to assess the effect of stress by time on eating competence, controlling for baseline pregnancy BMI, race and ethnicity, poverty to income ratio, and WIC status.ResultsPerceived stress was negatively associated with eating competence (b= -0.23, SE = 0.06, p < 0.001). The interaction of stress by time was negatively associated with eating competence (b = -0.15, SE = 0.08, p = 0.03), indicating that the association of stress with eating competence was stronger in postpartum than in pregnancy.ConclusionsPerceived stress may adversely impact eating competence during both pregnancy and postpartum. Future studies intervening upon stress or eating competence during pregnancy and postpartum may inform potential causal relations.

International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) terminology for the evaluation of endometrial color flow and vascular pattern in women with abnormal uterine bleeding – a reproducibility study among ob-gyn ultrasound subspecialists in a tertiary training hospital

BACKGROUND: The International Endometrial Tumor Analysis (IETA) group developed a catalog of standardized terms to describe findings that may be associated with uterine pathology. However, there is a lack of reliability studies for these descriptors in the literature. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate interobserver and intraobserver reliability with regard to the IETA group descriptors for endometrial vascular characteristics in women with abnormal uterine bleeding. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five nonexpert and five expert raters assessed stored still images of transvaginal ultrasound examinations obtained from 68 women with abnormal uterine bleeding and endometrial thickening. Endometrial vascularity was evaluated using the IETA group descriptors for color flow and vascular pattern. Interobserver agreement was estimated by comparing the assessments of the nonexpert and expert raters. Intraobserver agreement was estimated by repeating the raters’ assessment after 4 weeks. Interrater agreement to the subjective assessment of an expert investigator was also computed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The reproducibility of assigning IETA color score is good regardless of the degree of expertise of the rater, although the experts displayed better interobserver reliability (κ = 0.74 vs. 0.57) and intraobserver reliability (κ = 0.84 vs. 0.63). However, the reproducibility of describing IETA vascular patterns is significantly worse for both expert and nonexpert raters in both interobserver reliability (experts κ = 0.49 vs. 0.34) and intraobserver reliability (experts κ = 0.65 vs. 0.42). Both expert and nonexpert raters exhibited acceptable agreement with the reference standard, with experts performing better for both color score (κ = 0.79 vs. 0.70) and vascular pattern (κ = 0.63 vs. 0.44).

Link between the referring physician and breast and cervical cancers screening: a cross-sectional study in France

BackgroundThe aims of the “médecin traitant” or referring physician (RP) reform, introduced in France in 2004, were to improve the organisation and quality of care and to allow for greater equity, particularly in terms of prevention. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of having a declared RP on the uptake of screening for breast and cervical cancers, and to explore the mechanisms involved.MethodsWe used an existing dataset of 1,072,289 women, which combines data from the Health Insurance information systems, with census data. We built multivariable logistic regression models to study the effect of having a RP on the uptake of mammography and pap smear, adjusted for age, socio-economic level, health status and healthcare provision. We secondarily added to this model the variable “having consulted a General Practitioner (GP) within the year”. Finally, we evaluated the interaction between the effect of having a referring physician and the area of residence (metropolitan/urban/rural).ResultsPatients who had a declared RP had a significantly higher uptake of mammography and pap smear than those who did not. The strength of the association was particularly important in very urban areas. The effect of having visited a GP seemed to explain a part of the correlation between having a RP and uptake of screening.ConclusionsLower rates of gynaecological screening among women without an RP compared to those with an RP may partly reflect a specific behaviour pattern in women less adherent to the health care system. However, this result also shows the importance of the RP, who assumes the key role of relaying public health information in a more personalised and adapted way.

Ethnic differences in eating patterns and their associations with obesity among adults in West China.

Despite observed ethnic differences in eating patterns and obesity, evidence in China is limited. This study examined ethnic differences in eating patterns and their associations with weight outcomes among multi-ethnic adults in West China. A cross-sectional survey collected self-reported data on demographics, eating behaviours, weight and height in 2021. Principal component analysis and multivariate regression were conducted to identify eating patterns and examine their associations with weight outcomes. In total, 4407 subjects aged ≥ 18 years were recruited across seven provinces in West China. Four eating patterns were identified: 'meat-lover' - characterised by frequent consumption of meat and dairy products, 'indulgent' - by frequent intakes of added salt, sugar, alcohol and pickled food, 'diversified-eating' - by frequently consuming food with diversified cooking methods and eating out and 'nutri-health-concerned' - by good food hygiene behaviours and reading food labels. Ethnic differences in eating patterns were observed. Compared with Han, Hui were less likely to exhibit meat-lover or diversified-eating patterns; Tibetans were less likely to have meat-lover or nutri-health-concerned patterns; Mongolians were more likely to have indulgent pattern. BMI was positively associated with meat-lover pattern in both genders (exp(β): 1·029; 95 % CI: 1·001, 1·058 for men; 1·018; 1·000, 1·036 for women) and negatively associated with nutri-health-concerned pattern in women (0·983; 0·966, 1·000). Mongolians were two times more likely to be overweight/obese than Han (OR: 3·126; 1·688, 5·790). Considerable ethnic differences existed in eating patterns in West China. Mongolians were more likely to be overweight/obese, which was associated with their indulgent eating patterns. Ethnic-specific healthy eating intervention programs are needed.

Patterns of Women's Leadership to Create Gender Equality in Building a Sustainable Organization

Purpose –Leadership in building organizations by men and women has its own strengths and weaknesses, but the lack of women's leadership in Indonesia represents gender equality has not been achieved. This study aims to determine the pattern of women's leadership in Indonesia to create gender equality in building a sustainable organization Methodology/approaches – This type of research uses a social research strategy with a simple mix method approach. The target population in this study were members who worked in various private organizations in Bekasi district with female leaders with a sample of 50 respondents. The data statistical method used is descriptive statistics and Partial Least Square (PLS). Findings –This result was confirmed by a data source triangulation approach, namely by interviewing three existing data sources. The results of this study indicate that the pattern of female leadership has not been able to mediate the concept of ideal leadership or the concept of ideal gender equality towards sustainable organizations.However, this research also shows that the concept of ideal leadership and the concept of ideal gender have a positive and significant effect on leadership patterns Novelty/value – women's leadership patterns reflect the concept of ideal leadership and the concept of ideal gender equality needed in a leadership that can lead an organization. Keywords: Leadership pattern, women, gender equality, sustainable organization

Comparative evaluation of early postpartum breast feeding patterns in women undergoing caesarean section and vaginal delivery

Comparative evaluation of early postpartum breast feeding patterns in women undergoing caesarean section and vaginal delivery

Electrocardiographic Pattern of Pregnant Women with Advanced Maternal Age

Background: Advanced maternal age (AMA) is becoming increasingly common and is associated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Around 22,2% of maternal deaths were found to be from cardiovascular disease, and women with higher cardiovascular mortality were likely older. Electrocardiography (ECG) is a simple tool for detecting cardiovascular problems. Though there are many studies of the ECG in normal pregnant women, there is still limited data on the ECG pattern in pregnant women with AMA.Objective: Describe the characteristics of the ECG pattern in woman with AMA.Methods: This study used data retrospectively from medical records of patient in Kariadi General Hospital Semarang from 1st to 30th October 2018. The inclusion criteria were advanced age ³ 35 years, in the last trimester. Demography, clinical, laboratory , and 12-lead ECG data were collected and reported.Results: Thirteen patients were obtained, with mean age of 38,3 years. Majority of patients had preeclampsia (61,5%) and superimposed preeclampsia (15,4%). Mean systolic blood pressure was 168 mmHg. All of the patients was sinus rhythm, with a mean heart rate 92,5 bpm. Mean QTc was 430,7ms, with 3 patients (23,1%) having borderline prolongation grade. Another abnormality was a left atrial abnormality in 3 patients (23,1%), poor R wave progression in 2 patients (15,4%), and a pathological Q wave in 1 patients (7,7%).Conclusion: ECG abnormalities are seen in 38,4% of pregnant women over 35 years old. The performance of an ECG in AMA may be a first step toward improved pregnancy outcomes since it is widely available and easily interpreted by general practitioners.

Fingerprint Patterns in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Computerized Dermatoglyphic Analysis

Dermatoglyphics can be used as a supporting tool in the early detection of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in women. The present study aims to investigate the fingerprints of women with type 2 diabetes mellitus through the dermatoglyphic method, and to compare them with women without the disease. It was conducted by obtaining the fingerprints of all 10 fingers of 268 women – which is known as the dermatoglyphic method –, using the Dermatoglyphic Reader®, with data processed in SPSS (IBM SPSS), version 20.0, and a significance level of p&lt; 0.05. The researched groups are homogeneous for the age, weight and height variables. The group of women with diabetes had a higher average number of lines on the left thumb, as well as the highest total number of lines on the left hand. Moreover, they had a greater number of deltas, in addition to presenting the whorl shape on fingers 1 to 5 of the left hand, and 1 to 4 of the right hand. We concluded that women with type 2 diabetes had a mark of observation concerning their biological individuality on their fingerprints that differs from that of women without the disease.

Women's Patterns of Talk in The Third Wife Movie Script (Application in Family Environment)

In this study, Deborah Tannen's theory is used to explain how women talk in The Third Wife. To examine the data, a qualitative descriptive method was adopted in this study. The Third Wife script serves as the main source of data for this study. From the analysis, the researchers notified there are three ways to demonstrate the women's speaking patterns in context, notably those related to mother dynamics, connection and control, and metamessage. These are present in polygamous homes, particularly in the context of this film. Nonetheless, there is an exchange of positions in which women fill the void since the absence of a husband figure influences how they interact with one another, as the first wife. This happens because there is a special relationship that is formed between the wives which makes the pattern of talk create itself between them. The lack of a husband figure impacts how they interact with each other, as the first wife (Ha), is in control and holds the most important rank in the family, followed by the second wife (Xuan), and the last one the third wife (May). The status of the family heavily impacts the wives’ talk to each other and the style of their speech. In the family setting of this movie, women with higher status may use more assertive language and dominate conversations.

Stressful life events and passive behavioral patterns in women with major depressive disorder: a mixed method analysis nested in a clinical trial

BackgroundWomen are more vulnerable to presenting with major depressive disorder (MDD) as they seem more sensitive to stressful life events (SLE). Few studies describe the effect of SLE on the development of avoidant/passive behavioral patterns (PBP) of MDD. Understanding the relationship between SLE and PBP is essential for the clinical management of MDD. Here, we aim (1) to describe and categorize the perceptions about SLE, emotional experience, and PBP in women with MDD and (2) to discuss the PBP according to evolutionary and behavioral processes. This mixed-method study, including qualitative and quantitative analyses, was nested in a clinical trial with 76 patients. We selected a sample of 18 female patients, randomized to behavioral activation therapy (BAT). In the first sessions, we interviewed the patients about SLE, emotional experience, and PBP perceived during their current depressive episode. The reports were submitted to content analysis and categorized under similar themes. We performed bivariate Spearman correlations to test the strenghts of associations between depressive symptoms (HAM-D), anxiety symptoms (BAI), disability (SDS), and cognitive distortions (CD-Quest).ResultsIn our sample, the most frequent SLE were romantic relationship problems and family problems. The patients most reported emotional experiences were sadness, discouragement, and anxiety. The most common PBP categories were getting isolated, stopping doing activities, and ruminating.ConclusionsWomen frequently perceive interpersonal, family, and affective problems as triggers of depressive episodes. The most common passive patterns include isolation, stopping doing activities, and ruminations. The evolutionary functions of PBP are to keep the organism passive, avoiding energy expenditure, and risk exposure in the face of a chronically stressful environment with few opportunities for reward.

Quantitative Electroencephalographic Analysis in Women with Migraine during the Luteal Phase

Migraine is a common, headache disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of headache often associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Prior to puberty, boys and girls are equally affected. Female preponderance emerges after puberty. Migraine pathophysiology is not fully understood, and although the hormonal effect of estrogen is significant, it is not clear how hormonal phases affect brain excitability and EEG patterns in women with migraine. The objective of this research was to study the effect of migraine on the resting-state EEG activity of women during the luteal phase. This work compares electroencephalographic (EEG) absolute power in different frequency bands and scalp areas between young women who suffer from migraine and had a migraine attack within 24 h prior to EEG recording (experimental) and ten age-matched young healthy women (controls), all with normal menstrual cycles. For women with migraine, we found a significant decrease/increase in alpha power in the occipitoparietal/frontocentral area, significant decrease in beta power for all areas, significant decrease in delta power in the temporal area, and significant decrease in theta power in the frontocentral and occipitoparietal area. We concluded that women with migraine have a distinct electroencephalographic pattern during the luteal phase in comparison with control women. A possible explanation might be an intermittent rhythmic activity linked to pain.

P-342 Uterine contractile patterns in adenomyosis patients normalize under hormonal contraception use: the WAVES study

Abstract Study question Comparison of uterine contractility (UC) in adenomyosis patients (AP) with and without hormonal contraception (HC) compared to controls with HC, measured by transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS). Summary answer AP with HC show better contraction coordination compared to untreated AP. AP with HC show comparable UC compared to controls with HC. What is known already Adenomyosis is a disease of the uterus that can cause dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, dyspareunia and subfertility. These symptoms could be explained by the different contraction patterns in women with adenomyosis compared to healthy controls. Therapeutic use of hormonal contraception reduces the symptoms experienced by women with adenomyosis. This could be explained by the normalization of contraction patterns, which has not yet been objectively quantified due to the absence of a suitable measurement tool. A novel speckle-tracking and strain analysis by 2D TVUS recordings has recently been used to assess differences in contraction coordination, contraction frequency, velocity and direction in healthy women. Study design, size, duration This study is part of an ongoing multi-centre prospective observational cohort study investigating UC on TVUS. Our study includes the TVUS recordings of 23 women with adenomyosis without hormonal contraception treatment, 15 women with adenomyosis undergoing hormonal contraception treatment, and 17 women with healthy uteri undergoing hormonal contraception treatment. Patients were included in 3 centres from 2017 to 2023 (Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Fertility Clinic Thessaloniki and University Federico Napels). Participants/materials, setting, methods 23 women with sonographic suspicion of adenomyosis without HC, 15 women with adenomyosis undergoing HC treatment and 17 women with healthy uteri with HC were included. HC included oral combined HC, progesterone only pill and hormonal IUD. UC frequency, amplitude, velocity and coordination were assessed by applying a dedicated speckle-tracking and strain analysis to 2-4-minute TVUS recordings in midsagittal section. AP with HC were compared to AP without contraception and to healthy controls with HC. Main results and the role of chance Age, BMI, parity and uterus volume were significantly higher in the women with adenomyosis compared to the healthy controls (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The adenomyosis group with contraception showed more contraction coordination compared to the adenomyosis group without hormonal contraception treatment (0.23 ±0.10 vs. 0.29 ±0.11, p = 0.041). There was a tendency towards higher contraction frequency (1.53 ±0.21 vs. 1.42, p = 0.153) and lower amplitude (0.56 ±0.04 vs. 0.65 ±0.04, p = 0.159) in the adenomyosis group with hormonal contraception treatment compared to the adenomyosis group without hormonal contraception treatment. There were no significant differences in uterine contractility between the adenomyosis group with hormonal contraception treatment compared to the healthy group with hormonal contraception treatment. Limitations, reasons for caution No sub-analysis was done to assess effects of additional adenomyosis and contraception characteristics due to this being an ongoing study. Women with extensive adenomyosis were not included due to impossibility to perform analysis of ultrasound recordings. AP were older, had higher BMI and larger uterus volumes than healthy controls. Wider implications of the findings The normalization of UC under therapeutic use of HC compared to untreated AP and the lack of differences in UC between AP and healthy controls with HC, confirms the therapeutic effect on adenomyotic symptoms. This presents a new therapeutic efficacy marker for adenomyosis. Trial registration number NL52466.100.15 Study funding Yes Funding source Funding by commercial/corporate company(ies)

P-342 Uterine contractile patterns in adenomyosis patients normalize under hormonal contraception use: the WAVES study

Abstract Study question Comparison of uterine contractility (UC) in adenomyosis patients (AP) with and without hormonal contraception (HC) compared to controls with HC, measured by transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS). Summary answer AP with HC show better contraction coordination compared to untreated AP. AP with HC show comparable UC compared to controls with HC. What is known already Adenomyosis is a disease of the uterus that can cause dysmenorrhoea, menorrhagia, dyspareunia and subfertility. These symptoms could be explained by the different contraction patterns in women with adenomyosis compared to healthy controls. Therapeutic use of hormonal contraception reduces the symptoms experienced by women with adenomyosis. This could be explained by the normalization of contraction patterns, which has not yet been objectively quantified due to the absence of a suitable measurement tool. A novel speckle-tracking and strain analysis by 2D TVUS recordings has recently been used to assess differences in contraction coordination, contraction frequency, velocity and direction in healthy women. Study design, size, duration This study is part of an ongoing multi-centre prospective observational cohort study investigating UC on TVUS. Our study includes the TVUS recordings of 23 women with adenomyosis without hormonal contraception treatment, 15 women with adenomyosis undergoing hormonal contraception treatment, and 17 women with healthy uteri undergoing hormonal contraception treatment. Patients were included in 3 centres from 2017 to 2023 (Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Fertility Clinic Thessaloniki and University Federico Napels). Participants/materials, setting, methods 23 women with sonographic suspicion of adenomyosis without HC, 15 women with adenomyosis undergoing HC treatment and 17 women with healthy uteri with HC were included. HC included oral combined HC, progesterone only pill and hormonal IUD. UC frequency, amplitude, velocity and coordination were assessed by applying a dedicated speckle-tracking and strain analysis to 2-4-minute TVUS recordings in midsagittal section. AP with HC were compared to AP without contraception and to healthy controls with HC. Main results and the role of chance Age, BMI, parity and uterus volume were significantly higher in the women with adenomyosis compared to the healthy controls (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The adenomyosis group with contraception showed more contraction coordination compared to the adenomyosis group without hormonal contraception treatment (0.23 ± 0.10 vs. 0.29 ± 0.11, p = 0.041). There was a tendency towards higher contraction frequency (1.53 ± 0.21 vs. 1.42, p = 0.153) and lower amplitude (0.56 ± 0.04 vs. 0.65 ± 0.04, p = 0.159) in the adenomyosis group with hormonal contraception treatment compared to the adenomyosis group without hormonal contraception treatment. There were no significant differences in uterine contractility between the adenomyosis group with hormonal contraception treatment compared to the healthy group with hormonal contraception treatment. Limitations, reasons for caution No sub-analysis was done to assess effects of additional adenomyosis and contraception characteristics due to this being an ongoing study. Women with extensive adenomyosis were not included due to impossibility to perform analysis of ultrasound recordings. AP were older, had higher BMI and larger uterus volumes than healthy controls. Wider implications of the findings The normalization of UC under therapeutic use of HC compared to untreated AP and the lack of differences in UC between AP and healthy controls with HC, confirms the therapeutic effect on adenomyotic symptoms. This presents a new therapeutic efficacy marker for adenomyosis. Trial registration number NL52466.100.15

Histopathological Study of Endometrial Sampling in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Abstract Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a the most common complaint in the gynecology out-patient department that affects significantly the patient’s personal life and it is also responsible for increasing morbidity in women. The histopathological diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) shows spectrum of patterns and pathologist plays a vital role in the reporting of endometrium and differentiating non-neoplastic lesion from neoplastic lesions, early detection of precursor lesions and exclusion of malignancy. The aim of this study is to study the spectrum of endometrial patterns in women with AUB and to correlate with the different age groups. Materials and methods: The present study was undertaken in histopathology laboratory of Department of Pathology, GMERS medical college and hospital, sola, Ahmedabad for period of 12 months from June 2021 to May 2022. A histopathological study of total 100 cases of endometrial biopsies was done. Biopsies received in 10% formalin were processed and Haematoxylin and Eosin sections were studied. Result: We studied 100 endometrial samples. Age distribution varied from 20 years to 70 years, majority of patients were between 41 to 50years (35%).Menorrhagia was the most common presenting complain. Most common pattern of histopathology was proliferative endometrium (29%) followed by secretory endometrium (14%) and Disorderly proliferative endometrium (9%). Malignancy was detected in (2%) cases. Conclusion: AUB significantly affects the quality life of women and leads to anemia. Hence histopathological examination plays a critical role in early diagnosis of endometrial pathology and provide appropriate gynaecological management. Keywords: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB), Endometrial biopsy, Histopathological Examination