One of the roles to be played by the university, besides the production of knowledge, is its contribution to technological innovation, which in some cases is manifested by the filing of patents. This characteristic becomes more important in countries that are in the development stage, as is the case of Brazil, one of the members of the BRICS. In this context, the following questions arise: what does the patent filing map in Brazil with the participation of Brazilian universities look like? And what are the factors that stimulate or inhibit the production of patents in this country? By identifying the main inhibiting and stimulating factors for the patenting in Brazilian universities from the perspective of innovation agencies, this unprecedented study may support policies to promote technological innovation and, in particular, to increase patent filing with the participation of universities.